Kutsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwa bajeti yake yoyamba ya "austerity" mu 2009, nduna ya zachuma ku Ireland, a Brian Lenihan adakwiyitsa anthu ambiri aku Ireland popita kunja kuti "kukadakhala zipolowe" kuchepetsedwa kofananako kuti kulipire, penshoni ndi chisamaliro zidayikidwa m'malo ena. mayiko. Chipani cholamula, Fianna Fail [Asilikali a Destiny] omwe adayambitsa mavuto azachuma kwambiri kumayiko akumadzulo a 'demokalase' adayenera kusangalatsa omwe amalipira ndi owongolera omwe ali ndi neo-conservative. Bungwe la International Monetary Fund ndi European Central Bank anali zolinga zazikulu pakati pa omvera omwe Mtumiki akadakhala nawo m'maganizo pamene akunena mawu ake ndipo zizindikiro zonse kuyambira pamenepo ndizoti adachita chidwi. Ngakhale mabiliyoni akusamutsidwa kumabanki olephera komanso kulipira kwa omwe alephera kupanga katundu omwe akhala akuthandizira ndalama za Fianna Fail, bajeti ina yowopsa idaperekedwa kwa anthu aku Ireland pomwe ena akulonjezedwa. Chitonthozo chathu chokha, mwachiwonekere, ndikuti sitiyeneranso kuwonedwa ngati membala wa gulu lochititsa manyazi la mayiko a EU omwe amadziwika kuti PIIGS (PIIGS).Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece ndi Spain adasokoneza kwambiri chuma chawo). Aphunzitsi aku Ireland, makamaka mabungwe awo, akadakhala pansi pamndandanda wa anthu omwe Lenihan amafuna kusangalatsa. Ngati iwo anali pa izo nkomwe.
Nthawi yopuma ya Isitala ndi nthawi yomwe mabungwe ophunzitsa ku Ireland amakhala ndi misonkhano yawo yapachaka ndipo zochitika za 2010 zidachitika chaka chino malinga ndi 'malipiro' omwe 'adakambitsirana' pakati pa atsogoleri amgwirizano ndi Khothi Loona za Ntchito ku Ireland. m'malo mwa boma) ndi chivomerezo chomwe chinali kufunidwa kuchokera kwa umembala wa bungwe. Monga momwe wolemba bungwe lazamalonda adanenera, ngati mgwirizanowo udadutsa ukadabweza ufulu wogwira ntchito zaka zana. Awiri mwa magulu atatu a aphunzitsi adakana mgwirizanowu mogwirizana, pamene wachitatu adagwirizana nawo ndi mavoti 4 okha.
Kuwulutsa kwakukulu kwapawailesi pamisonkhano ya aphunzitsi kwakhala kopitilira muyeso - kuwonetsa kugonjera kwawo kwathunthu kumakampani, ndondomeko yaufulu wanthawi zonse komanso chidani choyipa cha ntchito yophunzitsa yomwe boma lalimbikitsa kuti liwonetsetse kusagwirizana kwakukulu kwamaphunziro awo. 'kuchira njira'. Ndife oyamikira Dr Gavan Titley wa National University of Ireland ku Maynooth pakuwunikira zina mwazomwe adalembera MediaBite mokoma mtima.
********************************************** ********************************************** **
'Kuzisunga Zenizeni' wolemba Dr Gavan Titley
Kwa nthawi yonse yomwe ndikukumbukira, zomwe zachitika pamisonkhano ya aphunzitsi zapatsa atolankhani chiphaso cha malo osaphunzira anthropology, mwayi woyenda pakati pa fuko lachilendoli pomwe amangopuma miyezi 13 yatchuthi yawo isanakwane. Dzulo (April 8th) Kufotokozera, komabe, n'kodabwitsa: pamene mabungwe a maphunziro sangayembekezere kufotokozedwa kwaulemu komwe kwasungidwira kusanthula kwa IBEC komwe kulibe chidwi chofuna kukhala chenicheni mu dziko lenileni, chipwirikiti choponderezedwa ndi aphunzitsi omwe amapanga ndale sichingatheke popanda ndemanga. Chotero ndinalembera kalata yamphamvu kwambiri Irish Times. Ndicho chiyeneretso choyamba: nkhaniyi ndi inshuwalansi yanga (monga momwe zimakhalira, iwo adasindikiza - [Pezani pansi pa ulalo]). Chachiwiri ndichakuti sindiribe chidwi ndi funso la tsankho pano. Osati kuti sindikuganiza kuti pali chinthu choterocho, kapena kuti kufotokoza malingaliro kapena mikangano yakuthupi sikofunikira. Vuto langa ndiloti likhoza kutha ngati malo omaliza a analytical m'malo mochokapo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira pazokambirana za kukondera kwa atolankhani ndi zomwe amanena pazandale. Kumbali ina izi zaposachedwa Irish Times zidutswa, m'kudana kwawo kwakukulu osati kungolimbikitsa ndale, koma ndale, zimasonyeza china chake chokhudza kusamalidwa kwa msika m'moyo wa anthu. Ireland.
Monga makalata omwe adamwalira kuchokera ku Gerry kupita ku Holly mu PS Ndimakukondani, Irish Times Zolemba zili ngati zophonya za pambuyo pa moyo wa Progressive Democrats (ngakhale kuti sanafe mochuluka ngati kulowetsedwa mwauzimu ndi gulu la ndale). Masiku ano'Aphunzitsi agawanikana pamalipiro' phunziro lofunikira ndilakuti aphunzitsi sangadalirike: osati kungosokoneza ambuye athu a zaka zaukapolo, koma kumvera kwawo kwenikweni. Msonkhano wa INTO, utavota monga momwe madam amafunira, umadziwika kuti ndi wokhwima, wosankha mwadala. ASTI ndi TUI, pokhala atakana zenizeni zenizeni, amaonedwa ngati akuvutika ndi kusoลตa mtsutso 'kwachilendo'. Kwa mkonzi kuti - pambuyo poti Google idauza boma la Ireland kuti ophunzira ambiri amadalira Google - adafuna kutsindika kwamaphunziro pakuganiza mozama pa kubwerezabwereza pamutu, izi sizopambana. Ndipo ngati izi zikukumbutsani china chake, mungakhale olondola: ASTI ndi TUI mamembala ali ngati chovala chamutu atavala akazi France. Pokhapokha kuunikira kumapeto kwa ngalande kumaganiza ngati ine, simungakhale oganiza bwino kapena omasuka monga ine. Aphunzitsi aku Ireland ndi Asilamu aku Europe: 'amutu-olakwika' amaganiza m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Olemba mkonzi alibe mphamvu zomvetsetsa chifukwa chake aphunzitsi, mofanana ndi ogwira ntchito ena omwe tsopano akutsutsana ndi kugulitsa kwa mgwirizano wa mgwirizano wa mgwirizano, sali okonzeka kuvomereza kusintha kwa ntchito zawo pansi pa ndondomeko yosatsutsika ya kusintha. Zachidziwikire, "Sitikufuna Celtic Tiger ina. Sitikufuna kulipira nyumba zachifumu zapinki kapena ma jeti apayekhaโ zolankhula ndi zoperewera. Poganizira kuti zopeka zoti palibe mgwirizano pakati pa kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe kazachuma m'boma komanso kubwezeredwa kwa banki kwagwa (zotengera zam'tsogolo, zochokera m'tsogolo lathu) zochita zamagulu aboma ziyenera kufotokozera kukula ndi zotsatira za izi kuti ziwonekere poyera. kusamutsa chuma. The 'pay deal', monga National Public Service Alliance akuwonetsa, amavomereza ponse pawiri pakuchotsa chuma chambiri komanso popewa kutsutsa kuchepetsedwa kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi kupereka. Kutsutsa kugawanika kwapakati pakati pa mabungwe aboma ndi mabungwe sikutanthauza kuyesa 'kupambana' malingaliro a anthu, kumatanthauza kugwirira ntchito anthu pokana kutumizidwanso kwachisamaliro kuchokera kugulu kupita ku likulu (pagulu lonselo / lachinsinsi, ndikulimbikitsa Ndi mabanja angati omwe amasokoneza tsankho omwe ndimawadziwa omwe moyo wawo umawoneka chonchi: wachinsinsi alibe ntchito, wapagulu adakhumudwa chifukwa Sarah Carey akuti izi zipangitsa kuti wosagwira ntchito amve bwino).
Koma ndiye ndendende kuwotcha pang'onopang'ono kwa ndale komwe kumasokoneza IT. Mosiyana ndi izi, imagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zodziwikiratu za depoliticization. Choyamba ndi chomwe Wendy Brown amachitcha 'kulingalira kwa ndale za neoliberalism', ndiko kuti, kuchepetsedwa kwa moyo wandale kukhala malingaliro aukadaulo ndi oyang'anira, kuchepetsedwa komwe kumakhazikika pakuchepetsedwa kwa njira zonse za moyo wa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe kukhala ontology yotsatsa. . Kunena izi momveka bwino, sindikutsimikiza kuti olemba a IT atha kufotokoza zomwe akutanthauza ndi 'zowonjezera zokolola' pamaphunziro. Koma zikuwoneka bwino, zamtsogolo komanso zodzaza ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo zimandiyika mokoma ngati mdani wazopanga zatsopano. Ndi Pano, nawonso, muzolemba zankhani ya 'dumbing down', pomwe mizere yomaliza imatiuza kuti tiyenera kutulutsa omaliza maphunziro 'osavuta komanso osinthika'. Kupatula kuyanjana kwachilendo ndi zofuna za ntchito ya ana yokhazikika komanso yosinthika - zala zazing'ono, yeretsani makina - m'zigayo za 19th zaka zana Lancashire, mikhalidwe imeneyi imasonyezedwa pomalizira pake chifukwa palibe chifukwa chowafotokozera, zomwe zimabisa kusakhoza kutero.
Vuto la chinenerochi ndi loti limabweretsa vuto lalikulu la ndale. Monga Maka asodzi amatsutsa m'buku lake labwino kwambiri Capitalist Realism, maphunziro ndi osagwirizana ndi malonda. Kufunitsitsa kuyeza ndi kuwerengetsa njira zomwe zimakana kuchepetsa zida kumabweretsa zomwe amazitcha 'market stalinism', zomwe ndi "...kuwerengera kwa zizindikiro za kupambana pa zomwe wapindula kwenikweni" (2009: 42-3). Komabe polimbana ndi izi, aphunzitsi ndi ena akufunsidwa kuti agwetse mphutsi muzinthu zenizeni za capitalist, kulimbikitsa kusasunthika, kutsutsa m'njira zomwe nthawi zonse zimayikidwa kale ngati zachikhalidwe, zachikhalidwe, zosasintha, komanso mantha. luso. Oddly, mu Ireland, zosadziwika bwino, de-territorialising futurisms alinso lacqued ndi kukonda dziko lako. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kunyanyala kulikonse, masiku ano, 'kwasokonekera', komanso chifukwa chake zokambirana zandale ndi zolankhula Ireland imaphwanya nthawi zambiri mozungulira zonena zenizeni ndi kuweruza kwa yemwe amakhaladi m'dziko lenileni. Monga Fisher akutsutsa, โโฆkukhulupilika kwa capitalist kwakhazikitsa bwino 'bizinesi ontology' momwe zikuwonekeratu kuti chilichonse mdera, kuphatikiza zaumoyo ndi maphunziro, ziyenera kuyendetsedwa ngati bizinesiโ (p17). Aphunzitsi, ngakhale pang'ono, amakhala pachiwopsezo osati ku zofuna zawo zokha, komanso ku nyumba yomwe imafuna khama lalikulu komanso mikangano yandale yomwe ingathe kusintha. Kuwonetsera kwawo mu IT dzulo ngati hysterics sikungonena zachipongwe, ndikuwonetsa kukhudzika kowona kuti sangathe kudzidziwa okha, si iwo eni, lero. Ndipo monga ena omwe amakana kukonzanso ntchito yawo, amangotsimikizira kufunika kokhala ndi kasamalidwe kowonjezereka ndi kuyang'anitsitsa pokana. Kufuna kuchotsera ulemu ndi kuyang'anira maphunziro monga njira ina yoperekera chithandizo kumayamba ndi kuganiza kuti ogwira ntchito sangadaliridwe kuti azindikire zokomera iwowo m'njira zambiri.
Mnzake waukadaulo wosalankhula - komanso njira yachiwiri yochotsera ndale - ndi makhalidwe abwino, ndipo akonzi a IT amachita zamakhalidwe abwino monga (womwe akuganiziridwa) mwana wachikondi wosowa wa James ndi David Cameron. Zili ngati katuni yakale ya maphunziro a chitukuko, pomwe mayi akamalangiza mwana wake kuti asiye chakudya chake komanso kuti asaganize za anthu omwe ali ndi njala, anthu omwe ali ndi njala amamuimbira foni kuti athokoze pamene akuyeretsa mbale yake. Aphunzitsi asamachite zionetsero potengera kusatetezeka komanso kuchita zinthu mwangozi chifukwa cha mwayi wawo wopeza ntchito. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kupsinjika kwapadera kokhudzana ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu mu labotale ya chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe ali m'kalasi yamakono sikunapitirire mokwanira ndi kupsinjika komwe kulipo panopa ndi ogwira ntchito payekha - kusinthasintha kokakamizika komanso kusakhazikika kwa capitalist mochedwa.
Pali njira zambiri zothamangira pansi, choncho musadandaule, chifukwa ndi zomwe ogwira ntchito payekha amakakamizidwa kupirira. Pali zenizeni, kachiwiri, zosatetezeka komanso zowopsa ngati nyengo, komanso monga nyengo, dongosolo lachilengedwe lomwe simungathe kusokoneza (kupatula pokomera omwe ali ndi ma bond: amadana ndi kusatetezeka, ndipo ndi ma totem omwe amatiteteza ku zenizeni. nyengo yoyipa). Makhalidwe abwino amatsatira izi, amaweruza omwe ali ndi makhalidwe abwino ndi oipa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mayankho okhudza mtima, aumwini amabisa malingaliro a ndale ndi mikangano. Aphunzitsi oipa, kugula ku Newry, boma labwino, kwenikweni zikutanthauza bwino. Etc. Uku kunali kuchulukira komaliza kwa kalata yanga yolembedwa mwamphamvu: 'Ngati mukufunadi kukonzanso Republic, perekani ulemu nzika zinzanu zomwe zimakonzekera motsutsana ndi chinyengo chakuti 'palibe njira ina' yoposa kupanda nzeru kodabwitsa.'
(Kapena ingowafunsani - a Sean Flynn malingalirodzulo anafunsa ngati kusowa kwa aphunzitsi achinyamata pa ASTI Msonkhanowu udachitika chifukwa cha zochitika zandale zomwe zidachitika kale. Chifukwa chake ngakhale kuti 'akatswiri ankhondo adachita chipongwe', "zingakhale zosangalatsa kudziwa zomwe achichepere ASTI mamembala opangidwa ndi zochitika dzulo." Chochititsa chidwi: mwinamwake mungapeze mtolankhani kuti muwafunse, kuphatikizapo nthumwi zomwe zinalipo, ndipo mwinanso kufufuza chifukwa chake mikhalidwe yotereyi imakhalapo mumgwirizanowu. ubwino wa nthawi ndi moyo / chitetezo cha ntchito chinaipiraipira chifukwa cha kugwa kwa chuma cha Ponzi chokhudzidwa ndi achinyamata omwe akugula katundu wanyansi, m'malo motsutsa achinyamata omwe sali nawo monga ambiri omwe ali chete omwe amatengeka ndi zenizeni. kukambirana izi pakati pa kubangula nkhonya).
Ndiyeno pali zithunzi za florid cholembera za chiwawa chobisika, chamisala: kodi Mtumiki anganyozedwe kapena kugwedezeka, kodi pali ngozi yoyandikira, kapena kuipitsitsa, kukhala chete kwaudani kukhala chete, pamene 'onyoza alankhula koposa kulira? Zolemba zamabuku: ziwonetsero zonse zotsutsana ndi zenizeni zimakhala zachibwana, chifukwa kukhwima kwa ndale kumafanana ndi kuvomereza kuyandikira kwake (fanizo lomwe mwina silinagwirizane ndi ulendo wamalingaliro a anthu ambiri a 68, koma ndi nkhani ina yonse). Monga Todd Gitlin - palibe mlendo kuti atumize 68 zotsutsana - kufufuzidwa mu Dziko Lonse Lapansi Likuyang'ana: Media Media Pakupanga ndi Kupanga Kumanzere (1980) kuwonetsa zachiwawa ndizofunika kwambiri pakufalitsa ziwonetsero, ndipo ziwawa zimakhalapobe ngakhale zitalephera kuchitika (motero kuyang'ana pa 'kukhala chete'). Kusemphana, kapena ndithudi, ndikofunika pamtundu uliwonse wa malipoti. Koma kukulitsa mkwiyo wa aphunzitsi kumagwira ntchito kubisa mikangano, osati kuwulula. Mkwiyo ndi malingaliro olimbikitsa pamene ukhoza kupangidwa ngati ukali wopanda mphamvu, osati, monga Fintan O'Toole amatsutsana momveka bwino, monga choyambira cholimbikitsira kutsutsana ndi kubwezeretsanso ubale wapampando. Chimene chikhulupiliro cha capitalist cha wolemba mtsogoleri amawopa kwambiri si mikangano payekha, koma mikangano yomwe ikuwopseza kuwulula kuti yathu si nthawi yakunja kwa mbiri yakale, kuti maubwenzi amphamvu sanathe kutha mu mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano, kuti kusagwirizana sikungagwirizane kapena kusagwirizana. zachikhalidwe, ndi kuti mikangano ya chikhalidwe ndi ndale sidzasokonezedwa ndi gulu lachipembedzo la (dziko). Kufotokozera koyera kwa izi ndi Dziko Lanu Kuyitanira Kwanu - palibe negativity! positivity basi! Kulowa kwanga kunali kwa gulu lankhondo lodzipereka la oyang'anira malingaliro, kapena kulephera, maginito a furiji omwe amawunikira akamva kuti gulu la anthu likuganiza zolakwika - kuletsa malingaliro olakwika, penyani. limbikitsani chidaliro yambitsani achinyamata dynamism blueskiesthinking kuthandizira luso kukuyang'anirani mothandizira. Ngati Barbara Ehrenreich akuyang'ana zolemba zankhanza zamalingaliro abwino zomwe zalembedwamo Kumwetulira kapena Die (2010), ndi Ireland, kuseka ndi kupirira. Kodi palibenso njira ina yotsutsana ndi manic yomwe imaganiziridwa pakati pa omwe akupita patsogolo kunja kwa bokosi ndi odandaula akuwononga phokoso lawo?
Ndiye bwanji osati kwenikweni dziko lathu, mwinanso kuyitana kwathu. Kukanika kokulirakulira kwa maphunziro kumapereka mwayi wosankha malingaliro a neo-corporate 'reform' ndikuyanjanitsa ndi kulandidwa chuma kwa katundu wa boma kuti apindule nawo pagulu. Ireland. Chinthu choyamba chidzaphatikizapo kulingalira mozama za ndale za chinenero - monga Sara Ansler amatsutsa Pano, zopanga njira zodzudzula ndi zotsutsa pulojekiti zomwe zakhala ngati kukonzanso kwinaku akuzemba kukhala ngati onyamula 'zotsutsana ndi mayendedwe opumira ndi kusakhazikika' (makhalidwe abwino, mayendedwe oyipa). Zochita za aphunzitsi ndi ena ziyenera kufotokozedwa mosalekeza ngati zinthu zomwe zili mumkangano waukulu womwe sungathenso kusinthidwa kukhala wagulu ndi wachinsinsi. M'malo mwake, ndi za kubwezeretsanso anthu. Ntchito zapagulu, monga Harry Browne amatsutsa, kuyenera kukhala mzere woyamba wotsutsa, osati malo aposachedwa kwambiri'.
Ndipo chifukwa chokwiyitsidwa ndi kukhumudwa kwenikweni, ndinena mawu a wafilosofi waku France (Alain Badiou, Tanthauzo la Sarkozy):
'Njira iriyonse yomwe ikufuna kukhala ngati gawo la ndale za ufulu wa anthu iyenera kukhala yapamwamba kuposa kufunikira kwa utsogoleri ... Tiyenera kunena kuti izi ndi zapamwamba kwambiri pamene zopinga za utsogoleri zikunenedwa kuti ndi 'zamakono', ndipo zikunenedwa kuti zimachokera ku 'zovuta zofunika kusintha dziko' ndi 'kuthetsa machitidwe akale'. Ndi funso la zosatheka, mwa kuyankhula kwina zenizeni, zomwe zokha zimatichotsa ku kupanda mphamvu. 'Modernization', monga tikuwonera tsiku lililonse, ndi dzina la tanthauzo lokhazikika komanso losavuta la zomwe zingatheke. 'Kusintha' kumeneku nthawi zonse kumafuna kupanga zosatheka zomwe zinali zotheka (kwa chiwerengero chachikulu) ndi kupanga phindu (kwa oligarchy wamkulu) zomwe sizinali choncho. Potsutsana ndi tanthauzo la utsogoleri wa zomwe zingatheke, tiyenera kunena kuti zomwe titi tichite, ngakhale zitagwiridwa ndi antchito a kasamalidwe kameneka kukhala kosatheka, ndizowona, panthawi yomwe sizingatheke, osati kulenga kuthekera kosadziwika kale komanso kovomerezeka konsekonse '(2008: 50-51).
Choncho, aphunzitsi, tembenukirani kumaso Msewu wa Tara, ndipo dzifunseni ngati mukumva zapamwamba kwambiri lero.
Gavan Titley ndi Lecturer mu Media Studies mu School of English, Maphunziro a Media ndi Zisudzo, NUI Maynooth. Chothandizira chake chotsatira pakupanga ndi buku lomwe lili ndi Alana Lentin pa tsankho komanso vuto la chikhalidwe chamitundumitundu, lofalitsidwa ndi Zolemba za Zed mu 2011.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
Ndalama