Mzinda wa Montreal udakhala wochititsa msonkhano wamwambo wa nduna za zamalonda pafupifupi 25 kuchokera ku World Trade Organisation sabata yatha. Ngakhale kuti nduna ya zamalonda yapadziko lonse Pierre Pettigrew adafalitsidwa kwambiri ndi atolankhani kuti atembenuzire anthu zaubwino wa รขโฌลglobalisationรขโฌ , atolankhani odziwika nthawi yomweyo adawonetsetsa kuti omwe amatsutsana ndi ndondomeko ya WTO sakunyozedwa, komanso kunyozedwa chifukwa chosachita ziwonetsero mwamtendere. . Zowonadi, posankha kuyang'ana kwambiri za kuwonongeka kwapayekha kwa masitolo ochepa ndi magalimoto apamwamba m'masiku amodzi a zionetsero, atolankhani ambiri adalephera kufufuza zenizeni zomwe otsutsa ambiri odana ndi makampani padziko lonse lapansi (onse รขโฌลzachiwawaรขโฌ) ndi รข โฌลnon-violentรขโฌ ) amatsutsa. Zikuoneka kuti nthawi zonse zionetsero zikamachita รขโฌลzachiwawaรขโฌ, nkhani zoulutsa nkhani zimachotsedwa mosavuta ku nkhani zomwe ziwonetserozo nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuthana nazo, ndipo mmalo mwake zimayamba kulemekeza mwachibwanabwana zionetsero zamtendere, zomwe mpaka pano zidakalipo. zambiri zosatsimikiziridwa zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera ndi cholinga chobweretsa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe; kwa Martin Luther King Jr. ndi Mohandas Gandhi, pakhala pali Malcolm X ndi Bhagat Singh.
Zitha kuwonedwa mosavuta kuti kutengeka ndi "kusagwirizana mwamtendere" kwakhazikika m'dera lathu, ndipo n'zomvetsa chisoni kuti sikungotengeka chabe ndi zoulutsira mawu. Zinganenedwe kuti kuvomereza zionetsero za โmtendereโ ngati njira yokhayo yokanira kusagwirizana kovomerezeka komanso kusala anthu omwe akugwiritsa ntchito njira zamphamvu kwakhala njira yabwino yopewera kusokonekera kwa momwe zinthu ziliri. Zowonadi, ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi WTO zidadziwika mobwerezabwereza ngati รขโฌลzikunyonyotsokaรขโฌ potsatira zochitika zingapo zapadera zomwe masitolo amtawuni ndi magalimoto apamwamba adawonongeka. Chodetsa nkhawa, komabe, ndikuti palibe kuyesa kulikonse komwe kupangidwa kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziwawa zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi zizindikiro za boma (mwachitsanzo, kuwononga ofesi ya Canadian Forces recruitment) ndi mabungwe (mwachitsanzo kuphwanya mazenera pa Gap ndi Burger King) รข โฌโ zomwe ndi zolinga zovomerezeka kwa munthu amene amakhulupirira kuti mabungwewa amachita zachiwawa ndi zachiwerewere kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo รขโฌโ ndi ziwawa zomwe zimachitikira anthu wamba. Panthawi yonseyi, ziwawa zomwe maboma ndi mabungwe amachitira anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo choterezi zikupitilira mosakayikira komanso mosatsutsika. Mosakayikira, chiwawa ichi ndi chachikulu ponseponse komanso pamlingo waukulu poyerekeza ndi zenera lakutali losweka kapena zojambulajambula zojambulidwa, ndipo zimamasulira momveka bwino kunyozeka kosaneneka ndi kutayika kwa miyoyo yosawerengeka pano ndi kunja (ngakhale kuti kunyozedwa kumeneku kuli kokulirapo. mukukula ndi digiri yakunja kuposa momwe alili pano). Poganizira izi, wina atha kuona kuti ochita ziwonetsero modabwitsa (potengera momwe amawonekera ponseponse ngati รขโฌลzachiwawaรขโฌ m'manyuzipepala) awonetsa kudziletsa kwakukulu mpaka pano popewa kuukira zizindikiro za umbombo ndi mphamvu zopanda malire ndi nyonga yayikulu.
Ngati ochita zionetserowo adachita nawo anthu wamba kapena nyumba, njira zawo zitha kunyozedwa. Komabe, m'dziko lomwe mphamvu zimangomvetsetsa chilankhulo chokakamiza, ndizomveka komanso zoyenera kwa iwo omwe amatsutsana ndi njira zozikika zaulamuliro ndi kuwongolera anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zankhanza kwambiri kuti amvedwe. Pokhapokha ngati masitolo a Gap (mwachitsanzo, makampani, osati aumwini, katundu) akuyang'aniridwa kuno ku mayiko a Kumadzulo pamene oyang'anira Gap angaganizire kawiri za kusunga ndondomeko za draconian zomwe zimatsimikizira kudalira ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe awo omwe ali m'mayiko osauka. Mofananamo, pamene maunyolo akuluakulu a chakudya chofulumira monga Burger King ndi McDonald's akulunjika kuno, pali uthenga womveka bwino womwe umatumizidwa kwa opanga mfundo zawo kuwadziwitsa kuti ambiri amatsutsana ndi kufalikira kwawo kwakukulu kwa dziko lonse. dziko. Mosakayikira, chiwonetsero champhamvu cha kusagwirizana pamisonkhano ya WTO ku Seattle mu 1999 chinakakamiza andale aku Western kuti adzuke chifukwa chotsutsana ndi zomwe zikuchitika panopa za ndondomeko zamalonda monga momwe nzika za mayiko awo (zowonadi, anthu akuvutika ndi zomwe zimawalamulira) atsamunda, imperialism, ndipo tsopano, neo-liberalism, akhala akutsutsa mfundo zotere kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa chofuna). Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pali gawo la kampeni yonyanyala komanso ziwonetsero zamtendere zosonyeza kusagwirizana ndi mabungwe ngati amenewa, mamenejala osankhika a gulu lino sangafune kuthana ndi nkhawa zathu ngati palibe chiwopsezo chowonekera pagulu lawo. ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chisonkhezero chodziwikiratu chotsutsana ndi chikapitalisti chomwe chikuyendetsa gulu la anthu lotsutsana ndi kudalirana kwapadziko lonse motsogozedwa ndi makampani kumalamula kuti mabungwe omwe amafalitsa ndi kupindula ndi mabizinesi a capitalist atsutsidwe mwamphamvu, ngati pali chikhumbo chilichonse chofuna kugwetsa dongosolo losafanana lachuma, ndale. ndi maubale.
Owonerera akuyeneranso kuzindikira zomangira pawiri momwe otsutsa amaikidwa mosalekeza. Mwachitsanzo, apolisi aku Montreal atamanga ziwonetsero chifukwa chochita ziwonetsero zaposachedwa za WTO, ziwonetsero zamtendere zidakhazikitsa รขโฌลGreen Zoneรขโฌ midadada yambiri. Izi mwanjira ina zidapangitsa kuti achite nawo ziwonetsero zosaloledwa malinga ndi apolisi omwe adamanga anthu onse ku Green Zone (kupangitsa kuti chiwopsezo chonse cha omwe adamangidwa paziwonetsero za WTO kufika pafupifupi 240), ngakhale msonkhanowo udali pamalo achinsinsi ndi chilolezo. a eni ake a malowo. Ena mwa ochita ziwonetsero omwe adamangidwa adamasulidwa popanda mlandu atakhala usiku wonse m'ndende. Komabe, m'makalata aposachedwa ndi m'modzi mwa ochita ziwonetsero omwe adamangidwa, zidawululidwa kuti ambiri omwe adamangidwa anali ndi milandu ngati รขโฌลmsonkhano wopanda lamuloรขโฌ woimbidwa mlandu, komanso amayenera kuvomereza zolepheretsa ufulu wawo wolankhula ndi ufulu wawo. ku msonkhano asanatulutsidwe. Uthenga wotumizidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma unali womveka bwino: mawonekedwe a zionetsero alibe kanthu, ndi nkhani chabe ya zionetsero zomwe zimawoneka ngati zokhumudwitsa. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mphamvu za apolisi motere komanso kuphwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu komanso ufulu wolankhula, sikuli bwino kuyang'ana kwambiri zachiwawa za anthu ochita ziwonetsero.
Nduna ya Zamalonda Padziko Lonse Pierre Pettigrew wagwiritsa ntchito mwamwayi kulimbikitsana motsutsana ndi misonkhano ya WTO ku Montreal ngati siteji yoyambira papa za zabwino zabodza zamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Mosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe ananena, komabe, pali magwero ambiri omwe amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira ndi zotsatira zake zomwe zikuwonetsa momwe komanso chifukwa chomwe ndondomeko yamalonda yaufulu wamakono ikuwonongera anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo komanso oponderezedwa omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kumalingaliro okhudzana ndi thanzi, Jim Yong Kim, Joyce Millen, Alec Irwin ndi ena ambiri a Partners in Health Organisation pa Harvard University ku Boston, Massachusetts, achita ntchito yowunikira pa zotsatira zoyipa za ndondomeko zamalonda zoterezi pazachuma. thanzi la osauka. Mu รขโฌลKufera Kukula: Kusafanana kwa Padziko Lonse ndi Thanzi la Osaukaรขโฌ 1, akupereka mfundo zosamveka bwino komanso ziwerengero zomwe zimapereka umboni wotsutsana ndi chiphunzitso chopanda maziko chakuti malonda a mayiko amayenda bwino pa moyo wa aliyense wokhudzidwa; mโmalo mwake, pamene kuli kwakuti imalola osankhidwa oลตerengeka kuchita bwino, imachita zimenezo movutitsa ambiri.
Panthawiyi, a Pettigrew afika podzudzula otsutsawo mowirikiza zomwe zingapangitse Orwell kutembenukira kumanda ake ponena kuti รขโฌลkutsutsa kowuma kwa mayiko kwa anthu ena ochita zionetsero kumapweteketsa anthu osauka m'mayiko osauka - 2. kuti ochita zionetsero akuyesera รขโฌลalimi a thonje aku Africa komanso anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ku Africaรขโฌ ndi chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha zomwe pankhani yazamisala zimatchedwa รขโฌลprojectionรขโฌ , pomwe munthu amachita ndi mikangano yamalingaliro kapena mkati. kapena kupsyinjika kwakunja mwa kunena zabodza kwa wina malingaliro ake osavomerezeka, zikhumbo, kapena malingaliro ake. Si ziwonetsero zomwe zikulepheretsa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kupeza mwayi wopeza mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo ka HIV kudzera mu mgwirizano wamalonda wapadziko lonse monga mgwirizano wa Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), komanso si otsutsa omwe adakakamiza alimi a thonje ku Africa. muulimi wopeza ndalama; izi ndi zotuluka mu ndondomeko ya zamalonda za neo-liberal zomwe zimatsimikizira kudalira รขโฌโ osati kutukuka รข kwa anthu onse okhala m'mayiko osauka potsatira zofuna za amuna olemera omwe ali ndi mphamvu. Monga munthu wotsutsana ndi ndondomeko ya malonda a neo-liberal iyi, sindikufuna kuyika miyoyo ya anthu omwe akukakamizidwa kugwira ntchito m'malo omvetsa chisoni m'mabotolo a Gap kapena m'minda ya thonje kuAfrica monga momwe a Pettigrew amanenera; komabe, ndikufuna kuti ndiwerengere iwo omwe amathandizira ndikupindula ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kugonjetsa uku. Malingaliro oyipa omwe anthu ngati a Pettigrew sangasinthidwe monga momwe amanenera za kukhalapo kosatha kwa kusiyana kwachuma; ndikungochepetsako pang'ono kwa kusiyana kumeneku komwe amuna otere amafuna. Izi ndi zenizeni za capitalist mode of economic. Zokambirana za WTO zimayang'ana kwambiri momwe angapangire miyoyo ya osauka kukhala yabwinoko, pomwe zolinga za ambiri omwe ali mugulu la zionetsero ndizofuna kuti anthu asakhale osauka poyamba.
Cholinga cha kulemba uku sikulimbikitsa lingaliro la carte blanche pazochitika zachiwawa mu ziwonetsero pa se imodzi; Zowonadi, kuchita bwino kwa zinthu zotere kungayesedwe kwa nthawi yotalikirapo pomwe ikuwunikidwa motsutsana ndi kupambana ndi kulephera kwa otsutsa opanda chiwawa m'zaka zapitazi, ndipo ndi koyenera kufufuzidwa pazabwino zake3. Chomwe chimakhala cholimbikitsa kwambiri pa gawoli, komabe, ndi lingaliro lakuti รขโฌลchiwawaรขโฌ รขโฌ รขโฌโ pogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi otsutsa mogwirizana ndi zochitika zina zachindunji (kuphatikizapo zopanda chiwawa ndi pacifist) รขโฌโ sayenera kutero. kuwonedwa ngati prima facie cholakwika. Posankha kuchita zinthu zomwe zingapangitse kuti anthu ochita zionetserowa alowe m'mavuto ndi malamulo aku Canada, akupanga chisankho chodziwikiratu chogwirizana ndi zikhulupiriro zawo zoyamikirika za dziko labwino komanso lachilungamo. Chisankhochi nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa otsutsawa akupezeka kale m'mavuto azamalamulo ndi azachuma. Izi sizochita mopupuluma zomwe andale komanso ofalitsa nkhani ambiri angafune kuti tizikhulupirira potengera ma byte amawu komanso makanema apakanema. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mongonena kuti anthu ochita zionetserowa ndi anthu okonda kudzipereka omwe samvetsetsa momwe machitidwe azachuma ndi ndale amagwirira ntchito, ziyenera kuti anthu afufuze momveka bwino zomwe zimapangitsa ochita ziwonetserozi ndikuchitira umboni za nkhawa zawo ndi zofuna zawo.
Mapeto:
1. Kim, Jim Yong, et al (eds.). Kufera Kukula: Kusafanana kwapadziko lonse ndi thanzi la osauka. Common Courage Press:Monroe, 2000, p. 3-61.
2. รขโฌลPettigrew akutsutsa otsutsa dziko lapansiรขโฌ , Canadian Press, The Globe and Mail, kusindikiza pa intaneti, July 25, 2003.
3. Imodzi imalunjikitsidwa ku Ward Churchill's Pacifism as Pathology: Kusinkhasinkha za gawo lankhondo ku North America (Arbeiter Ring Publishing, 1998) pakuwunika kofunikira kwambiri pamutuwu.
Samir Hussain ndi mlembi wodziyimira pawokha komanso woyimira chilungamo. Amaphunzitsidwa ngati dokotala, ndipo pakali pano akulembetsa nawo pulogalamu yophunzitsira ana. Iye akhoza kufikiridwa [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
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