Chitsime: David Suzuki Foundation
Kalelo mu 1930, economist wotchuka John Maynard Keynes ananeneratu kuti kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu, kukwera kwachuma (kapena "zinthu zakuthupi") ndi kusintha zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazachuma kungapangitse kusintha kwa maola atatu kapena maola 15 pamlungu wogwira ntchito kukhala wotheka komanso wofunika m'zaka 100.
Ndiyeno, iye analemba kuti: โKukonda ndalama monga chinthu chimene ali nachoโkosiyana ndi kukonda ndalama monga njira yopezera zosangalatsa ndi zenizeni za moyoโkudzazindikirika monga momwe kulili, vuto linalake lonyansa, limodzi la upandu umenewo. Semi-pathological propensities yomwe munthu amapereka ndi mantha kwa akatswiri a matenda amisala. โ
Keynes anachenjeza, ngakhale kuli tero, kuti โnyengo ya mpumulo ndi yochulukaโ ingakumane ndi mantha: โPakuti taphunzitsidwa kwa nthaลตi yaitali kuti tiyesetse ndi kusasangalala. Liri vuto lowopsa kwa munthu wamba, wopanda luso lapadera, kudzitangwanitsa, makamaka ngati alibenso mizu mโnthaka kapena pa mwambo kapena mโmisonkhano yokondedwa ya chitaganya chamwambo.โ
Komabe, iye anakhalabe ndi ciyembekezo: โNdikuona kuti pokhala ndi cidziลตitso coculuka, tidzagwilitsila nchito zinthu zacilengedwe zatsopano zimene tazipeza kale mosiyana ndi mmene olemela amazigwilitsila nchito masiku ano, ndipo tidzadzikonzela tokha dongosolo la mmene tingakwanitsile. moyo wosiyana kwambiri ndi wawo.โ
Chifukwa talephera kuchepetsa maola ogwirira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, monga momwe Keynes amawonera, ndizokayikitsa kuti tidzakwanitsa maola 15 ogwira ntchito pamlungu pofika 2030.
Tatsala zaka zisanu ndi zitatu kuchokera pa kulosera kwa zaka 100 kwa Keynes. Tekinoloje yapita patsogolo, kuposa momwe amaganizira. Chiwerengero cha anthu chatsika, ngakhale sichinakhazikike. Chuma chachuluka, ngakhale chuma chambiri chasungidwa ndikulamulidwa ndi ochepa. Ndipo kusokonekera kwa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu kwachititsa anthu ambiri kukayikira kuti chuma nโchofunika kwambiri. Nanga nโcifukwa ciani tikugwirabe nchito mofanana ndi zaka 70 zapitazo?
Mbali ina ya yankho ili mโnthaลตi ya nkhondo itatha kukhazikitsidwa kwa "consumerism" monga chitsanzo cha zachuma. Zithanso kukhudzana ndi nkhawa zomwe Keynes adayambitsa: "mantha" omwe anthu sangadziwe momwe angatengere nthawi yawo yopuma.
Koma ndi anthu ambiri omwe amadzimva kuti ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito, izi si vuto losatheka. Azimayi, makamaka, akumva zowawa. Mosiyana ndi mโzaka za mโma 1950, ambiri alowa mโgulu la anthu ogwira ntchito, koma monga mmene zinalili mโmasiku amenewo, amagwirabe ntchito yosamalira nyumba komanso kusamalira ana.
Keynes amasiyanitsa pakati pa zosowa za "mtheradi" ndi "zachibale". Iye ananena kuti chotsatiracho โchimakwaniritsa chikhumbo cha kukhala wapamwamba,โ ndipo โchingakhaledi chosakhutitsidwa.โ Koma Columbia University Economist Joseph Stiglitz zolemba kuti anthu amaumba zosankha zathu. Iye analemba kuti: โTimaphunzira kudya ndi kudya,โ ndiponso mmene โtingakhalire ndi nthawi yosangalala.
Chifukwa chakuti talephera kuchepetsa maola ogwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, monga momwe Keynes anaonera, sitingathe kukwaniritsa maola 15 ogwira ntchito pa sabata pofika chaka cha 2030. Koma chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zachititsa kuti pakhale sabata lantchito la masiku anayi. (Ogwira ntchito ku David Suzuki Foundation asangalala ndi sabata lantchito lamasiku anayi kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1990.)
Koma mkhalidwe wa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu wasonkhezera kupita ku ntchito yamasiku anayi.
Chiyeso chachikulu chili ku UK, komwe antchito 3,300 m'makampani 70 osiyanasiyana, kuyambira ang'onoang'ono mpaka akulu, posachedwapa adayamba kugwira ntchito masiku anayi pa sabata osataya malipiro. Kuyesera - motsogozedwa ndi 4 Day Week Global mogwirizana ndi tank-tank Autonomy, Campaign ya 4 Day Week Campaign, ndi ofufuza a mayunivesite a Cambridge ndi Oxford ndi Boston College - "adzayesa kuchuluka kwa zokolola mubizinesi ndi moyo wabwino wabizinesi yake. ogwira ntchito, komanso zotsatira zake pa chilengedwe komanso kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi,โ a Guardian nkhani limanena.
Maboma akuthandiziranso mayesero ku Scotland ndi Spain, ndi mayiko monga Iceland ndi Sweden adayesa mayeso opambana. Pamodzi ndi maubwino ena monga kuchuluka kwa nthawi yatchuthi ndi kusinthasintha, ndikugwira ntchito kunyumba, ntchito zazifupi sizimangopatsa anthu moyo wabwino, komanso zabwino kwa chilengedwe. Kuchepa kwa anthu oyenda kumatanthawuza kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe, kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kuchulukana kwa magalimoto.
Mliriwu udatiphunzitsa kuti ndizotheka kusintha momwe timaganizira komanso kachitidwe, makamaka momwe zimakhudzira ntchito. Yapita nthawi yoti tizindikire kuti moyo supatsidwa tanthauzo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso komanso kuvutikira, koma pokhala ndi nthawi yocheza ndi abwenzi ndi mabanja komanso kuchita zinthu zina kunja kwa ntchito. Izi zidzapindulitsanso olemba anzawo ntchito pothandiza antchito kukhala wosangalala, wathanzi komanso wobala zipatso.
Sitingathe kukwaniritsa zomwe Keynes adaneneratu za maola 15 kumapeto kwa zaka khumi izi, koma titha kuyesetsa kukhala osamala.
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