Gwero: New York Times
Maggie Carter, barista wa Starbucks ku Knoxville, Tenn., Ndi munthu wansangala komanso wolimbikitsa yemwe akuti ali wofunitsitsa "kupita mtunda wowonjezera" kwa makasitomala.
Atha kukhalanso zowopsa kwa oyang'anira Starbucks.
Monga mgwirizano wokonzekera kampeni yomwe idayamba ku Buffalo ndikutulutsa kampaniyo masitolo awiri okha ogwirizana a US imafalikira kumizinda ina, ikuyendetsedwa ndi antchito monga Mayi Carter: achinyamata, ophunzira bwino, omasuka pazandale.
Mayi Carter, omwe adayamba kufalitsa makhadi amgwirizano kusitolo yawo patangopita nthawi yayitali zotsatira za zisankho za Buffalo zidachitika. yalengezedwa mwezi watha, maphunziro owulutsa utolankhani ku yunivesite ya Tennessee. Amakonda kwambiri kusintha kwa nyengo, kulimbana ndi tsankho komanso ufulu wa ogwira ntchito. Ndipo ngwazi yake yandale ndi Senator Bernie Sanders, wodziyimira pawokha wa Vermont.
"Bernie Sanders ndiye chilichonse changa," adatero Mayi Carter. "Ndimamukonda kuposa chilichonse."
Mwinanso zokhumudwitsa kwambiri kwa Starbucks pamene ikuyesera kukhala ndi kampeni ya mgwirizanowu, Mayi Carter akuwoneka kuti akuyimira mitundu ya anthu omwe kampaniyo yawalemba ntchito zaka zambiri kuti ilimbikitse. wopita patsogolo chizindikiro.
Akatswiri ogwira ntchito amanena kuti pofunafuna antchito oterowo Starbucks angakhale atamanga ntchito yomwe imakonda kugwirizanitsa ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi kampeni ya Buffalo.
"Mukaganizira za mtundu wa antchito omwe ali nawo, malingaliro a anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kumeneko akuwoneka ngati owona - achinyamata ambiri, othandizira Bernie, mitundu ya DSA," atero a John Logan, pulofesa wa maphunziro a ntchito ku San Francisco State University. , ponena za a Democratic Socialists of America. "Awa ndi mitundu ya anthu omwe angatenge izi ndikuthamanga nazo. Zitha kukhala ku Knoxville ndi Arizona mosavuta monga ku San Francisco ndi Manhattan. "
Mneneri wa Starbucks, a Reggie Borges, adanena kuti kampaniyo sinali yotsutsana ndi mgwirizano koma "othandizira," monga momwe imatchulira antchito, ndipo idasintha kale poyankha zomwe ogwira ntchito adapereka, zomwe zimapangitsa mgwirizano kukhala wosafunikira.
Pokhala ndi antchito opitilira 230,000 m'masitolo pafupifupi 9,000 oyendetsedwa ndimakampani m'dziko lonselo, Starbucks imalemba antchito achikulire ambiri, ogwira ntchito mosasamala komanso omwe ali ndi dipuloma ya kusekondale kapena kuchepera. Ena omwe anali otanganidwa kwambiri ndi kampeni ya Buffalo anali asanapiteko ku koleji.
Koma osachepera poyerekeza ndi zakudya zina ndi malo ogulitsa, makasitomala a Starbucks amakonda kukhala omasuka komanso ophunzira bwino, ndipo kulembedwa ntchito kwa kampani kumawoneka kuti kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu. Kampaniyo lipoti la pachaka imasewera antchito ake ngati "othandizira kwambiri pakuchita bwino kwathu monga mtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe umatsogolera ndi cholinga."
Starbucks imalola antchito omwe amagwira ntchito osachepera maola 20 pa sabata kuti apeze chithandizo chamankhwala, owolowa manja kuposa omwe akupikisana nawo ambiri, komanso wanena idzaonjezera malipiro apakati a ogwira ntchito pa ola limodzi kufika pafupifupi $17 pa ola pofika chilimwe, pamwamba pake chizolowezi chamakampani. Kampaniyo imaperekanso ndalama zolipirira antchito omwe adavomerezedwa kuchita digiri ya bachelor pa intaneti ku Arizona State University, ndikuwathandiza kukopa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi zolinga zaku koleji.\
Anthu otere, nawonso, amakhala achifundo kwa migwirizano ndi zosiyanasiyana chikhalidwe chiwonetsero. A Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa Gallup adapeza kuti anthu ochepera zaka 35 kapena omwe ali omasuka ali ndi mwayi wothandizira migwirizano kuposa ena.
Ogwira ntchito angapo a Starbucks akufuna kukonza mabungwe ku Buffalo; Boston; Chicago; Seattle; Knoxville, Tenn.; Tallahassee, Fla.; ndipo dera la Denver likuwoneka kuti likugwirizana ndi mbiriyi, ponena kuti iwo anali othandizira amphamvu a Mr. Sanders ndi ndale ena opita patsogolo, adapita ku koleji kapena onse awiri. Ambiri anali osakwana zaka 30.
"Ndakhala ndikuchita nawo ndale, kampeni ya Bernie Sanders," atero a Brick Zurek, mtsogoleri wa kampeni ya mgwirizano ku Starbucks ku Chicago. "Izi zinandipatsa luso lochuluka." Mx. Zurek, yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito maudindo olemekeza amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, adanenanso kuti anali ndi digiri ya bachelor.
Len Harris, yemwe wathandizira kutsogolera kampeni ku Starbucks pafupi ndi Denver, adanena kuti "Ndimasirira chitukuko, malingaliro a anthu" a ndale monga Mr. Sanders ndi Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Democrat wa New York. Ananenanso kuti adamaliza maphunziro ake kukoleji ndipo akudikirira kuti avomerezedwe kusukulu.
Ndipo ochirikiza migwirizano ambiri adalimbikitsidwa ndi anzawo ku Buffalo. Sydney Durkin ndi Rachel Ybarra, omwe akuthandiza kukonza Starbucks ku Seattle, adati ogwira ntchito m'sitolo yawo amakambirana za kampeni ya Buffalo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse pamene ikuchitika ndipo wina adafikira mgwirizanowu pambuyo poti National Labor Relations Board idalengeza. zotsatira zoyamba za zisankho za Buffalo mu Disembala. (Kupambana kwachiwiri kwa mgwirizano kunali alitangaza lipoti, bungwe la ogwira ntchito litathetsa mavuto ovota.)
Mayi Ybarra adati kupambanaku kukuwonetsa kuti ogwira ntchito ndi kotheka kugwirizanitsa ngakhale makampani akutsutsidwa. "Anthu a Buffalo adakhala ngwazi zapamwamba," adatero. "Ambiri aife tidakhala nthawi yayitali tikuopa kubwezera - palibe aliyense wa ife amene akanatha kuchotsedwa ntchito, kuchepetsedwa maola athu."
Popeza masitolo atatu a Buffalo adasuma ku zisankho zamabungwe kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, ogwira ntchito apereka zisankho m'masitolo osachepera 15 a Starbucks m'dziko lonselo. Zosachepera 10 mwazolemba zidabwera pambuyo pa kupambana kwa mgwirizano ku Buffalo. โLinali tsiku limene Buffalo analengeza kuti ali ndi mgwirizano wopambana ndipo ndinati, โNdiyesa kugwirizanitsa sitolo yanga,โโ anakumbukira motero Ms. Harris.
A Logan, pulofesa wa maphunziro a zantchito, adati izi zitha kukhala zikusintha nzeru zanthawi zonse pakukonzekera ntchito. Mabungwe nthawi zambiri amakonda kuyang'ana makampani omwe ali ndi malo ochepa antchito chifukwa kugwirizanitsa masambawa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chuma: Kugunda pa fakitale imodzi mwamafakitole khumi ndi awiri kumatha kusokoneza ntchito zamakampani, pomwe kugunda m'modzi mwa masitolo 9,000 sikupanga kusiyana kulikonse. mbiri ya kampani.
Koma m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kupambana kwakukulu, malo olemekezeka kwambiri sikunali kofala - mabungwe ataya zisankho. Boeing, Nissan, Volkswagen ndi Amazon zipangizo, ngakhale bungwe la ogwira ntchito pambuyo pake kugubuduza zotsatira za Amazon ndikuyitanitsa chisankho chatsopano. Kampeni ya Starbucks ikuwonetsa kuti kuyang'ana malo ang'onoang'ono ogwira ntchito pakampani yapamwamba kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa chigonjetso chikhoza kukulitsa chidwi m'dziko lonselo.
"Ponena za kupanga kamphindi kwa mabungwe, ngati mutakonza masitolo 100 chikanakhala chinthu chachikulu chomwe chinachitika zaka 50," adatero Bambo Logan. Ngakhale kukhudzidwa mwachindunji kwachuma pa Starbucks ndikwang'ono, adawonjezeranso, chidwi chofalitsa nkhani komanso kukakamiza ndale pakampaniyo kungakhale kwakukulu.
Richard Bensinger, yemwe amayangโanira bungwe la Starbucks lokonzekera bungwe loimira antchito ake, a Workers United, poyankhulana poyankhulana kuti cholinga cha ndawalayi ndi kulimbikitsa anthu ogwira ntchito mโdziko lonselo, kukopa maganizo a anthu ndipo pamapeto pake kukakamiza kampaniyo kuti isalowerere mโmayiko onse kuti isalowerere. sitolo iliyonse imene antchito ake ankafuna mgwirizano ankatha kupeza mosavuta.
"Funso lenileni ndiloti dzikolo liyimire Davide, osati Goliati," adatero Bensinger. "Tsiku lililonse tikupeza anthu ambiri - akukula."
Zomwe zimapindulitsanso mgwirizanowu ndi zachuma polinganiza antchito motsutsana ndi zachuma pokopa ogwira ntchito kuti asagwirizane. Ndalama zofunira chisankho pa sitolo ina - monga zolembera zamalamulo zomwe zotsutsana ndi maloya a mgwirizanowu adazikonza kale - ndizochepa. Ogwira ntchito za Starbucks okha ndi nsapato pansi.
Mosiyana ndi izi, ngati kampaniyo ikanatengera njira yake ya Buffalo, zitha kutanthauza kubweretsa Akuluakulu 10 kapena kuposerapo kunja kwa mzinda kwa miyezi ingapo.
Starbucks yatumiza akuluakulu ochepa akunja kwa tawuni ndi ma manejala amderalo kupita ku sitolo ku Mesa, Ariz., mzinda wokhawo kupitirira Buffalo komwe bungwe la ogwira ntchito limakhala. khazikitsani tsiku lachisankho. Kampaniyo idati akuluakulu ena akukambirana za momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso ena akuphunzitsa antchito zomwe zingakhudze mgwirizano, monga ku Buffalo. Ogwira ntchito ena mโmizinda iwiriyi ati aona kuti kukhalapo kwa akuluakuluwa nโkoopsa.
Starbucks ilibe makhadi osowa kuti azisewera pokana mgwirizano. Ngakhale makampani akuyenera kukambirana mwachikhulupiriro ndi mabungwe omwe ali ndi satifiketi ya NLRB, sakuyenera kuvomereza mgwirizano, ndipo zokambirana zitha kupitilira zaka zambiri. Kampaniyo imathanso kuwononga ndalama zambiri kuti isalepheretse kukonza mgwirizano.
Koma kampaniyo yomwe imayang'ana zithunzi imatha kuganiza kuti kuyika mbiri yotsutsana ndi mgwirizano ndikokwera mtengo kuposa kukhala ndi malo abwinoko. "Simukufuna kukhumudwitsa makasitomala anu," adatero Steven M. Swirsky, loya wa mbali ya oyang'anira ku Epstein Becker & Green. "Apanga chizindikiro chokhala ndi zinsinsi zina mozungulira. Muyenera kusamala za momwe mungasungire izi, osati kuzichepetsa. โ
Starbucks angaganizenso kuti zomwe zimawononga mabungwe otsutsana ndizo ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. "Pamene mukupanga kudzipereka kwazinthu nthawi ina muyenera kuzindikira kuti pali chifukwa chake izi zikuchitika, ndipo mwina sikungakhale chifukwa chomwe mungakwanitse kukonza posachedwa kuti musinthe," adatero Brian. West Easley, loya wa mbali ya oyang'anira ku Jones Day.
Choyambitsa vutoli ndikuti ogwira nawo ntchito akuwoneka kuti alibe chidwi chothana ndi mavuto ena monga kugwira ntchito ndi malipiro - ngakhale. Ndithu zimenezo ndi nkhawa - kuposa kukhala ndi zambiri pa ntchito. A David Pryzbylski, loya wothandizirana ndi oyang'anira ku Barnes & Thornburg, adati mwa makampeni opitilira 100 omwe adachitapo, mgwirizanowu sunayenerere kuvota pakakhala vuto linalake lazachuma lomwe likuyendetsa bungwe, koma limakonda kupita patsogolo. pamene "ogwira ntchito samamva ngati ali ndi mawu."
Ogwira ntchito angapo a Starbucks adanena kuti kugwirizanitsa sikunali njira yokhayo yopititsira patsogolo moyo wawo wa ntchito koma cholinga chokha komanso kuti amachirikiza mgwirizano ngati mfundo.
"Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe tikufuna kukhala ndi mgwirizano ndikukhazikitsa ufulu wokhala ndi mgwirizano - ndizozungulira pang'ono," atero a Ybarra, ku Seattle. "Akuyesera kulepheretsa anthu kupanga bungwe lililonse."
Noam Scheiber ndi mtolankhani waku Chicago yemwe amalemba za ogwira ntchito komanso malo antchito. Anakhala zaka pafupifupi 15 m'magazini ya The New Republic, komwe adalemba mfundo zazachuma komanso kampeni zitatu zapurezidenti. Iye ndi mlembi wa "The Escape Artists." @noamscheiber
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