Mu "Canada ndi Israel: Kumanga Tsankho", Yves Engler akutsutsa kuti "Canada si, ndipo sinakhalepo, 'wogulitsa moona mtima' pa mkangano wa Palestine-Israel." Engler akugwira ntchito yowunikiranso thandizo la Canada pa kupha anthu a Palestina. ndi kubedwa kwa malo awo - chithandizo chomwe chinayambira m'masiku a kulengedwa kwa Israeli mu 1947.
Potchulapo kafukufuku wosamala wa mbiri yovota ku Canada ku UN, Engler akuwonetsa kuti maboma aku Canada amangosiyana pamlingo ndi kutseguka komwe adathandizira Israeli. Mutu umodzi wothandiza kwambiri umatchula maulalo ochuluka a bizinesi, luntha ndi usilikali pakati pa anthu osankhika aku Israeli ndi aku Canada omwe atukuka kwa zaka zambiri. Otsutsana ndi tsankho la Israeli adzayenera kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kuti athetse mgwirizanowu.
Boma la Canada lomwe likuyang'aniridwa ndi Stephen Harper lili, monga momwe Engler amasonyezera, kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chiwonetserochi pothandizira Israeli. Mu 2008, Ottawa adasaina pangano la "kuwongolera malire ndi chitetezo" ndi Israeli ngakhale kuti Canada mwachiwonekere sichigawana malire ndi Israeli. Boma la Harper lidaletsa MP waku Britain George Galloway kulowa Canada chifukwa chothandizira ufulu wa Palestine - zomwe United States sinachite nkomwe. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti Harper wachita zonsezi ngakhale akutsogolera boma laling'ono. Engler akuwonetsa kuti NDP (social democrats) ndi chipani cha Green onse adathandizira boma la Harper kuchoka ku Msonkhano Wachiwiri Wadziko Lonse Wotsutsana ndi Racism ("Durban II) mu 2008. Kutsutsidwa kwa Israeli pamsonkhanowo kunali kofanana ndi anti-Semitism.
Poyang'ana mbiri yakale, Engler adapeza chitsanzo chosowa chanzeru pakati pa akuluakulu aku Canada ku Elizabeth MacCallum. Adanena mosapita m'mbali mu 1947 kuti Canada, motsogozedwa ndi Lester Pearson (Prime Minister wamtsogolo ndi Nobel Laureate), idathandizira kugawika kwa Palestine "chifukwa sitinapereke ziwonetsero ziwiri za demokalase" - zikuwonekeratu kuti anthu ambiri adatsutsa. kugawa.
MacCallum adanenanso kuti ngati kusintha kwa Nazi kunalidi vuto ndiye zikadakhala zomveka kukakamiza anthu aku Germany kuti asiye gawo lawo, osati anthu aku Palestine.
Engler analemba
"Ngakhale adalephera kutsimikizira akuluakulu ake MacCallum adawoneratu zam'tsogolo. Pa nthawi yogawanitsa, 'MacCallum analemba chikalata ndikuchipereka kwa Pearson ponena kuti Middle East tsopano inali mu 'zaka makumi anayi' za nkhondo, chifukwa chosowa kukambirana ndi mayiko a Arabu.' kulimbana.”
Pearson anatsogolera komiti yomwe inakhazikitsa bungwe la United Nations Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) mu 1947. Woimira Canada ku UNSCOP anali munthu wina wolemekezeka wa ku Canada, Woweruza wa Supreme Court Ivan C. Rand, yemwe anagwira ntchito bwino mkati mwa UNSCOP kuti alepheretse zoyesayesa kuti Khoti Lapadziko Lonse likhalepo Chigamulo cha Chilungamo chokhudza ngati kugawaku kunaphwanya Charter ya UN (zomwe zidachita bwino).
Engler amafotokoza za chithandizo chazaka zambiri Lester Pearson adapitilizabe kuchitira nkhanza za Israeli. Pearson anali, momveka bwino, wolemekezedwa ndi Zionist. Mu 1960, Pearson adapatsidwa Medallion of Valor ya Israeli ndipo, mu 1968, Theodore Herzl mphoto kuchokera ku Zionist Organization of America.
Engler akunena kuti chinthu chachikulu chomwe chikuyendetsa thandizo la Canada ku Israeli chinali kuthandizira ma imperialism aku US. Akupereka malingaliro, mokopa, kuti "njira yomvetsetsa kukakamiza kwa Zionist yachiyuda ndikuti idakanikiza khomo lotseguka." Iye analemba
"Atsogoleri Otsogolera a Zakunja a mandarins Hume Wrong ndi Norman Robertson amakhulupirira kuti 'ngati atasamaliridwa bwino' Boma la Israel likhoza kukhala lothandiza komanso laubwenzi la mayiko a Kumadzulo zomwe zingathandize kuti Soviet Union isalowe m'deralo."
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, Soviet Union inapanganso zofanana koma zosiyana mu 1947 - zolakwika pamilandu ya Soviet - komanso kuthandizira kugawa. Asili Soviets sanali okhawo omwe ali m'mayiko ambiri omwe ali kumanzere omwe, nthawi ina, adathandizira Zionism pazaka makumi asanu zapitazi.
Mwina mutu wovuta kwambiri m'buku la Engler ukukamba za chithandizo chomwe Israeli adalandira kuchokera kwa opita patsogolo ku Canada - nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi "Zionism Yachikhristu" yomwe imanyalanyazidwa ndikuleredwa ndi kukakamizidwa kogwira mtima ndi mabungwe a Israeli.
Mtsogoleri wa NDP Tommy Douglas - yemwe, moyenerera, adayamika chifukwa cha ntchito yake yopambana chithandizo chamankhwala chapadziko lonse ku Canada - adadzudzula Prime Minister Lester Pearson, yemwe anali Zionist wolimba monga momwe tafotokozera kale, chifukwa chosathandiza Israeli mwamphamvu. Mu 1975, zaka zomwe Israeli adalanda West Bank, Gaza ndi Golan Heights, Tommy Douglas adanena kuti.
“Udani waukulu pa Israyeli n’chakuti wakhala akunyoza amitundu amene sachitira anthu awo ndi antchito awo monganso mmene Israyeli anachitira nawo.”
Mawu awa sakutsutsa kokha kuti Palestina okhala pansi pa Israeli ndi antchito koma kuti alipo konse. Chaka chomwecho Douglas ananena mawu odabwitsawa, Canadian Labor Congress (CLC) inatsutsa kuvomereza kwa PLO ku International Labor Organization ndipo inadzudzula mwamphamvu UN General Assembly chifukwa chotcha Zionism mtundu wa tsankho.
Kwa nthawi yayitali Israeli atasintha kupita kumanja, kuthandizira kwa CLC pazankhanza za Israeli kudakhalabe kolimba. Mu 1985, idadzudzula lipoti la Senate yaku Canada lomwe lidadzudzula Israeli chifukwa cholanda Lebanon mu 1982.
Engler akuvomereza kusintha kwakukulu, komanso kwanthawi yayitali, kusuntha kwa kumanzere kwa Canada kuyambira pakati pa 1980s zomwe zimawululidwa ndi ziwonetsero zazikulu zotsutsana ndi kuukira kwa Israeli ku Gaza mu 2008, kuchitidwa kwa Sabata la Tsankho la Israeli m'masukulu aku Canada, ndikukula kwa BDS (kunyanyala). divestment sanctions) kampeni yomwe yathandizidwa ndi mabungwe ena aku Canada. Komabe, akuwonetsanso kuti Canadian Left ikadali ndi ntchito yothetsa kuthandizira tsankho la Israeli pakati pawo. Mabungwe aku Canada amagulabe ndalama zokwana $20 miliyoni pachaka za State of Israel Bonds. Engler adanena
"Panthawi ya Disembala 2008/Januware 2009 ku Gaza Manitoba Nduna ya Zachilungamo ya NDP Dave Chomiak adatenga nawo gawo pamwambo wa Stand With Israel ku Winnipeg limodzi ndi aphungu a Conservative ndi Liberal. Chomiak adauza anthu omwe adasonkhanawo kuti 'Adani ndi mantha ndi zigawenga zomwe sizikudziwa malire.'…Iye anali kunena za magulu a Hamas omwe ali ndi maroketi opangira kwawo ndi mfuti zamakina, osati US/Canada yomwe ili ndi zida za IDF zomwe zapha anthu kuwirikiza ka XNUMX. ophedwa mu Israyeli ndi ochepa.”
Kuthandizira kwakukulu kwa Canada pamilandu ya Isreali kumalimbikitsa yankho la Engler potsutsa kuti Israeli "yasankhidwa" mopanda chilungamo chifukwa cha nkhanza zomwe sizoyipa monga ena padziko lapansi:
"... ndizowona kuti kuzunzika kwa Palestine kumayang'aniridwa kwambiri kuposa nkhanza zina zapadziko lonse lapansi (monga mamiliyoni ophedwa ku Eastern Congo kapena masauzande omwe adaphedwa pambuyo pa kuukira kothandizidwa ndi Canada ku Haiti). Mfundo ya zionetsero zathu sikuyenera kukhala kuzunzika kwa Palestine koma kukhudzidwa kwa Canada ndi zowawazo. Mgwirizanowu ndi womwe umakakamiza anthu aku Canada kuyang'ana zomwe zikuchitika ku Israel. ”
Mwanjira ina, maboma aku Canada ndi mabungwe ena "asankha" tsankho la Israeli kuti lithandizire kwambiri. Chifukwa chake anthu aku Canada ali ndi udindo woletsa izi.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwenikweni kwa liwu lakuti “tsankho” kumaputa mkwiyo pakati pa otetezera Aisrayeli. Engler amalongosola bwino chifukwa chake mawuwa ali oyenerera ndipo amatikumbutsa zimenezo
"Atolankhani aku Canada adatsutsa kwambiri kunyalanyala kwa dziko la South Africa ngakhale kuti dziko la Canada silinagwirizane kwambiri ndi tsankho poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa Israeli wamakono ... Patadutsa zaka makumi awiri kuchokera pamene kuphedwa kwa Sharpeville ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera pamene Soweto inaphulika, Globe and Mail inatsutsa kuti ' kusungitsa ndalama mosadziwa kungakhale kugwirizana ndi tsankho' popeza kuti ndalama za ku Canada zinabweretsa malingaliro opita patsogolo."
Ambiri amene amadandaula kwambiri ponena za kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwu lakuti “tsankho” ponena za Israyeli alibe mbiri yotsutsa tsankho la ku South Africa. M'buku lake lapitalo, (The Black Book of Canadian Foreign Policy) Engler adawulula kuti thandizo la anthu aku Canada komanso lachinsinsi pa tsankho la ku South Africa linabisidwa ndi mfundo zomwe zimatsutsana nazo. Otsutsa tsankho la Israeli ali ndi maphunziro ambiri ofunika kuphunzira kuchokera ku nkhondo imeneyo ndi ntchito yabwino ya Engler.
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