Gwero: Maloto Wamba
Akatswiri azamalamulo adayankha alarm Monday to a akulamulira kuchokera ku Khothi Lalikulu lapamwamba ku US zomwe zingapangitse kuti anthu atsekedwe m'ndende mpaka kalekale komanso kunyongedwa kwa anthu omwe akutsutsa kuti maloya awo sanapereke umboni wokwanira atapezeka kuti ndi olakwa kukhothi la boma.
"Ambiri okonda kusamala ali mkati mwa zigawenga. Ndipo ndi nkhanza.โ
Justice Sonia Sotomayor - wophatikizidwa ndi ena awiri aufulu kukhothi - nawonso adatsutsa malingaliro ambiri Shinn v. Martinez Ramirez, akulemba mโkutsutsa kwake kowopsa kuti chigamulocho chinali โchokhotaโ ndi โchopanda nzeru.โ
Mlanduwu udakhudza amuna awiri, David Martinez Ramirez ndi Barry Lee Jones, omwe ali pamndandanda wophedwa ku Arizona. Ambiri adatsimikiza kuti akaidi sangathe kupereka umboni watsopano kukhothi la feduro kuti atsimikizire zonena kuti loya wawo ataweruzidwa ku khoti la boma sanagwire ntchito, kuphwanya lamulo la Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, limatsimikizira ufulu wothandizidwa ndi uphungu pa milandu yonse.
"Khothi la federal habeas silingachitire umboni kapena lingaganizire umboni wopitilira zomwe khothi la boma lidapereka chifukwa chopanda thandizo la woweruza wa boma ataweruzidwa kuti ali ndi mlandu," a Justice Clarence Thomas adalembera ambiri, ndikuwonjezera kuti "kusagwirizana kosalekeza kwa milandu yomaliza kumachepetsa chomaliza chomwe 'n'chofunika ku ntchito zobwezera ndi zolepheretsa za lamulo laupandu.'โ
Sotomayor, panthawiyi, analemba kuti "Sixth Amendment imatsimikizira kuti omwe akuimbidwa milandu ali ndi ufulu wothandizidwa ndi uphungu pamlandu. Khoti limeneli laona kuti ufulu umenewu ndi โmfundo yofunika kwambiriโ yomwe ndi โmaziko a dongosolo la adani athuโ a chilungamo.โ
Komabe, masiku ano khotilo likulepheretsa makhoti a boma kuti ateteze ufulu umenewo. Chigamulo cha khothi chidzasiya anthu ambiri omwe adapezeka kuti ndi olakwa kuphwanya Chisinthiko Chachisanu ndi chimodzi kuti atsekedwe kapena kuphedwa popanda mwayi uliwonse wotsimikizira kuti ali ndi ufulu wopereka uphungu, "adachenjeza, ponena kuti chigamulochi "chonse koma chikutsutsa zomwe zachitika posachedwa, โ Martinez v. Ryan ndi Trevino v. Thaler.
Mu chidutswa cha Slate kuwonetsa mmene chigamulochi โchidzadzetsera mavuto aakulu mwinanso imfa pamene anthu akumanidwa ufulu wotsatira malamulo a dziko,โ pulofesa wa pa yunivesite ya Michigan Law School, Leah Litman, ananena kuti ambiri โanachita nawo zisankho zimenezo.โ
Monga Litman adafotokozera Lolemba:
Chitetezo chaumphawi - chitetezo cha anthu omwe alibe ndalama zolembera loya wawo - chili pamavuto mdziko muno. Chitetezo chaumphawi chimakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri, ndipo oteteza boma amayendetsa milandu mazana ambiri pachaka, zambiri kuposa momwe ali ndi nthawi kapena zida zoyendetsera bwino. Mayiko amaletsanso kwambiri njira ndi zothandizira zomwe zingalole kuti omenyera ufulu wawo akhazikitse milandu yawo mozamaโฆ
Koma monga momwe kulili vuto lachitetezo chaumphawi m'dziko muno, palinso vuto la pambuyo pa chigamulo. Milandu yapambuyo pa chigamulo imakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri, ndipo maloya amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa komanso zinthu zomwe ali nazo kuti athe kuthandizidwa pambuyo pa chigamulo. Choncho oimbidwa mlandu omwe akuimiridwa ndi maloya osagwira ntchito pamlanduwo akhoza kuimiridwa ndi loya wosagwira ntchito pa nthawi imene akuwazenga mlandu, pamene akuyenera kutsutsana kuti loya wawo wozenga mlanduwo anali wosagwira ntchito. Ndipoโchodabwitsaโloya wosagwira ntchito pambuyo pa chigamulo angalephere kunena kuti loya woweruzayo anali wosagwira ntchito, kapena angalephere kupanga umboni uliwonse wochirikiza chigamulocho.
M'ma tweet angapo, loya woimira milandu ku Georgia Andrew Fleischman adati "popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zonena za uphungu, palibe njira yobweretsera umboni kuti mayiko ambiri alibe mlandu."
"Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi loya woweruza milandu, komanso loya wotsutsana kwambiri amadandaula, komanso umboni wochuluka kuti ndinu wosalakwa, palibe mpumulo," adatero Fleischman, pozindikira mfundo ya Jones kuti pali umboni woti alibe mlandu.
Akatswiri ena azamalamulo nawonso anali otsutsa pazama TV. Pulofesa wa zamalamulo ku yunivesite ya Texas Lee Kovarsky wotchedwa Lingaliro ndi "chonyansa" pomwe woteteza boma Eliza Orlins anati: โIzi ndi zopambana. Izi ndizowopsa. Izi ndizowopsa kwambiri. โ
Slate wolemba wamkulu Mark Joseph Stern tweeted kuti lingaliro "loipa kotheratu" "limatsimikizira kuti anthu osalakwa adzakhalabe m'ndende."
"Kusasinthika kwa zigamulo zopanda pake, zopondereza, zotsutsana ndi Khothi Lalikulu ndizosavuta kuphonya chifukwa zambiri zimakhudza malamulo ovuta," anawonjezera Stern. "Koma ambiri okonda kusamala ali mkati mwa zigawenga. Ndipo ndi nkhanza.โ
Izi zasinthidwa kuti zikonzere mbiri ya Andrew Fleischman.
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