Kalekale pamene 1998 Edward Said adakumbutsa dziko lapansi kuti kuchita ngati kuti anthu aku Palestine ali ndi udindo wofanana ndi Israeli pakulimbana kosalekeza kwa anthu awiriwa sikunali kusokeretsa, komanso kuwonetsetsa kusamvetsetsa zenizeni zenizeni zomwe anthu awiriwa akukumana nazo: ntchito yaikulu ya American kapena Palestine aluntha kumanzere ndi kuwulula kusiyana pakati pa zomwe zimatchedwa mbali ziwiri, zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zili bwino, koma siziri zenizeni. Kuwulula kuti uyu ndi woponderezedwa komanso wopondereza, wozunzidwa komanso wozunza, ndipo pokhapokha titazindikira izi, palibe paliponse. โ [kuyankhulana ndi Bruce Robbins lofalitsidwa mu Social Text (1998)] Ndikanenanso mawu a Said polowetsa 'mzika ili yonse yotanganidwa komanso wanzeru zamakhalidwe abwino' m'malo mwa 'wanzeru waku America kapena waku Palestine wakumanzere.' za mikhalidwe, kapena kupitilira apo, kutsekereza zabwino zambiri zaukazembe, zankhondo, zakuthupi, ndi zamaganizidwe zomwe Israeli amasangalala nazo poyerekeza ndi Palestine. "Ndizoyambira, Watson wokondedwa wanga!" monga Sherlock Holmes amalankhula nthawi zambiri, kapena ziyenera kutero.
Tsoka ilo, chida chachikulu cha zokambirana zaku United States ndichofuna kupewa kuvomereza kusagwirizana komwe kuli pachimake cha msonkhanowo. Chotsatira chake, anthu a ku America akusokonezeka pazomwe zili zomveka kuyembekezera kuchokera kumbali ziwirizo komanso momwe angatanthauzire kulephera kwa zokambirana kuti apite kulikonse mobwerezabwereza. Kulephera kumeneku kuli kutali ndi ndale. M'malo mwake, kusiyana komwe kwawononga kwambiri chiyembekezo chamtendere kuyambira 1967: Kuchedwa kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti anthu aku Palestine akhale muukapolo pomwe amalola Israeli kumanga ndikupanga madera okhala ndi zida kudziko la Palestine lomwe likuyenera kuyikidwa pambali mtsogolo mwa Palestine. boma.
Kupitilira kukopa kumeneku kwa aluntha, uthenga wa Said uyenera kumveka kwa aliyense kulikonse, osati ndi Achimereka ndi Palestine okha, ngakhale awa ndi anthu awiri omwe amayambitsa kulephera kwanthawi yayitali kubweretsa mtendere wozikidwa pachilungamo. Kumalo ena, kupatulapo m'madera ena a Kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, nkhani yotereyi yogawana udindo pa kulimbana kosalekeza sikuli kofunikira chifukwa mitundu yonyansa ya Israeli kugwiritsira ntchito masautso a Palestina yakhala ikuwonekera momveka bwino m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kwa zaka zambiri anthu a ku Ulaya anapatsa Israeli mwayi wokayikira, mwa zina kusonyeza chifundo kwa Ayuda omwe anazunzidwa ndi Nazi popanda kuganizira kwambiri za kusamutsidwa kwa anthu amtundu wa ku Palestine. Malingaliro oterowo, ngakhale kuti akadali osonkhezera, amataya kupirira kwake mโkupita kwa nthaลตi.
Kupitilira izi, pali ziwonetsero zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira za mgwirizano wapakati ndi nkhondo yaku Palestine ndi anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Ndizomvetsa chisoni za anthu a ku Palestina kuti atsogoleri ambiri a ndale padziko lapansi samakonda kuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse chisalungamo, ndipo amamvera kwambiri machitidwe a hegemonic omwe amalamulira ndale zapadziko lonse komanso maganizo awo pa zofuna za dziko. Izi zawonekera bwino kwambiri m'maiko achiarabu komwe anthu amakuwa pamene Israeli nthawi ndi nthawi imayambitsa ziwonetsero za anthu wamba a Gazan pomwe maboma awo akumwetulira mwakachetechete kapena kutsekereza maso awo pamene mabomba akugwa ndipo zipatala zimadzaza.
Ku Israeli, mkangano wokhudzana ndi kulinganiza umakhalanso ndi mphamvu zochepa monga a Israeli, ngati atayima pang'onopang'ono kudabwa, amakonda kudzudzula anthu a Palestina chifukwa cholephera kuvomereza ndondomeko za Israeli zothetsera mikangano zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zambiri. Aisraeli ambiri amakhulupirira kuti malingaliro a Baraki ku Camp David ku 2000 ndi Sharon 'disengagement' kuchokera ku Gaza ku 2005 adawonetsa chikhulupiriro chabwino cha Tel Aviv. Ngakhale Netanyahu, pomwe sakufuna kusankhidwanso, ndipo amalankhula kuti apindule ndi anthu aku America, mopanda mantha, akunena kuti Israeli ikupitilizabe kudzipereka pamtendere pofunafuna njira zothetsera mayiko awiri pomwe akufotokoza za gridlock polimbana ndi kusowa kwa Palestine. thandizani nawo kufunafuna mtendere, ndipo safuna kutchulanso zilumbazi ngati chopinga.
Kuyang'ana molunjika, pakuwunika machitidwe ndi zowoneka zolimbikitsa, ndi anthu aku Palestine omwe alibe ogwirizana nawo pazokambirana zenizeni zamtendere, ndipo adayenera kusiya kalekale kuchita ngati Israeli ndi mnzake. Ndiko kuti, Israeli ikusintha kusagwirizana kwa Said, kutsutsana kuti anthu ayenera kuloza chala chawo ku Palestine, osati Israeli. Inde, izi ziri alibe mโmawonekedwe ake osadetsedwa. Israeli sanapangepo lingaliro lamtendere lomwe limapatsa anthu aku Palestine yankho potengera kufanana kwadziko ndi ufulu wawo komanso kumvera ufulu wa Palestine pansi pa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo ponena za kudzipatula kwa Sharon ku Gaza, zinali zomveka panthawiyo ku Israel ngati njira yolepheretsa kukakamiza mayiko kuti apeze yankho laukazembe ndipo idayendetsedwa ngati kuchotsedwa komwe sikunathetse kuwongolera koyenera, kusiya Gaza. anali otanganidwa komanso osatetezeka kuposa momwe zidaliri pomwe asitikali a IDF ankayendayenda m'misewu. Popeza 2005 anthu aku Gaza avutika kwambiri ndi ulamuliro wankhondo wa Israeli kuposa zaka zonse zotsatila 1967 pamene kulanda kunayamba, ndipo ziyenera kuonekeratu kuti izi sizinagwirizane ndi Hamas ndi maroketi. Hamas yakhala ikufuna mobwerezabwereza ndikulimbikitsa kuyimitsa mikangano yomwe Israeli yaphwanya mosalekeza, ndipo yapereka makonzedwe anthawi yayitali akukhala limodzi mwamtendere omwe Israeli ndi United States akana ngakhale kuvomereza.
Kumene mkangano wofanana uli wokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi olamulira a Obama komanso pakati pa a Zionist omasuka, kuphatikiza ma NGOs monga J Street ndi Peace Now omwe akutsutsa Israeli chifukwa cholepheretsa kupita patsogolo kwa maiko awiri. Ndi zophimba m'maso zomwe zimabisa zenizeni zenizeni za ubale pakati pa mbali ziwirizi, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ngati Israeli apanga kusintha pang'ono mu ndondomeko yawo ya ntchito, makamaka pokhudzana ndi midzi, komanso ngati anthu a Palestina adzachita chimodzimodzi ndi anthu othawa kwawo. ndi kuvomereza Israeli ngati dziko lachiyuda, ndiye kuti mtendere wokambitsirana ukatsatira mwachibadwa monga usana umatsatira usiku. M'malo mwake, Israeli ikuyembekezeka kuletsa ntchito zosagwirizana ndi malamulo posinthana ndi Palestine kuyimitsa ufulu wake malinga ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi okhudza momwe anthu othawa kwawo aku Palestine mamiliyoni angapo. Monga zidziwikiratu, Ayuda ochokera kulikonse padziko lapansi ali ndi ufulu wopanda malire wosamukira ku Israeli, pomwe a Palestine omwe amakhala kunja komwe amakhala m'dzikolo atsala pang'ono kuthamangitsidwa ku Israeli kuphatikiza ngati cholinga chawo ndikuyambiranso kukhala kuti akhale nawo. achibale apamtima.
Ku Ramallah m'mwezi wa Marichi 2013, ndikulankhula ku msonkhano waku Palestine, Purezidenti Obama adanena mwamphamvu kuti "A Palestine akuyenera kutha kwa ntchito yawo komanso zonyansa zatsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zimabwera ndi izi," ndipo izi zidzafuna "dziko lawo." Obama ngakhale pamenepo adavomereza "kuti momwe zinthu zilili pano sizili momwe ziliri, chifukwa momwe zinthu zilili pansi pano zikupitilirabe momwe zimavutira kupeza mayiko awiri." Kuwonetsera kotereku kwa circumlocution ("..ikupitiriza kusinthika mu njira") kuti apewe kuchotsa kutchula kulowerera kosalekeza kwa Israeli pa nthaka yomwe idayikidwa pambali ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse, ndi kwa wowerenga wozindikira zonse zomwe munthu ayenera kudziwa. Kusafuna kutsutsa mosapita m'mbali za khalidwe losaloledwa ndi lolepheretsa la Israeli likugogomezedwa ndi zitsimikiziro za Obama zomwe zinaperekedwa kwa omvera osiyana a Israeli ku Yerusalemu tsiku lomwelo lomwe adalankhula mosamala kwa Palestine, ndi mawu monga "kudzipereka kosasunthika kwa America," 'zomangira zosasweka,' "mgwirizano wathu ndi wamuyaya, ndi wamuyaya," "chithandizo chosagwedezeka," ndi "bwenzi lako lalikulu." Palibe chinenero cholimbikitsa choterocho chomwe chinaperekedwa kwa anthu a ku Palestina. Zolankhula zake ziลตiri zinasiya chikayikiro chakuti Israyeli anasungabe chipambano chake, ndipo akanapitirizabe kupuma mopepuka ndi mkhalidwe uwu wa mkangano wovuta umene unagwira ntchito kwa nthaลตi yaitali mโchiyanjo chake.
Mlembi wa boma, John Kerry, amalima munda womwewo, akumapempha mbali zonse kuti "zilole zowawa." Obama m'mawu ake a ku Jerusalem adawonetsa zomwe izi zingatanthauze, poganiza kuti mbali ziwirizi zimayenera kuchitapo kanthu ngati mtendere ungapezeke. Anthu a ku Palestine anapemphedwa kuti azindikire Israeli ngati dziko lachiyuda, pamene Israeli adakumbutsidwa mwaulemu m'chinenero chosavuta kuti chikhale chosafunika, "Israelis ayenera kuzindikira kuti ntchito yothetsa mtendere ndi yopanda phindu." Kufunsa a Palestine kuti azindikire Israeli ndikutsimikizira kuti ndi boma lovomerezeka latsankho lomwe anthu ochepa a 20% aku Palestine amakhala, pomwe akupempha Israeli kuti azindikire kuti chikhalidwe chotsutsana ndi kufalikira kwa malo okhala ndikusamvetsetsa zolinga za Israeli. Ngati cholinga chawo ndikupewa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la Palestina ndiye kukhala 'wopanda phindu' ndiye zotsatira zomwe zikufunidwa. Kupatula kupempha anthu aku Palestine kuti achepetse ufulu wawo pomwe akupempha Israeli kuti ivomereze kuti ntchito yawo yothetsa mtendere sikuthandiza kuti akazembe achitepo kanthu ndikungofuna kudzikonda, ndikupewa kuyitanitsa kuti asiye ndikusintha ntchito yosaloledwa, yomwe mwina ndi yachiwembu. Kufanana kwabodza ndi fanizo la dongosolo lopunduka la zokambirana zomwe zachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuvomerezedwa kwa United States ngati mkhalapakati wotsogolera, udindo womwe suyenera kuchitapo kanthu. Kuperewera kwa ziyeneretsoku kumavomerezedwa ndi kulengeza kwake pafupipafupi za mgwirizano wapamwamba komanso wamalingaliro ndi Israeli, osatchulanso kusokoneza kwa nyumba yolandirira alendo ku Israeli yomwe imayang'anira Congress ndikusintha kugawika kwamilandu ndi kutamandidwa pokhudzana ndi kusamvana.
Kerry akufotokozanso mtundu womwewo wa mbali imodzi mwachiwonetsero cha chilungamo pamene akuitana maphwando kuti agwirizane: "..ife timafuna kunyengerera koyenera pa nkhani zovuta zovuta, zamaganizo, ndi zophiphiritsira. Ndikuganiza kuti kugonja koyenera kuyenera kukhala mwala wofunikira pakuchita zonsezi. โ Ndi zinthu zotani zomwe anthu aku Palestine akuyenera kupanga, popeza atsekeredwa kale ku 22% ya gawo lovomerezeka la Britain ku Palestine, ndipo kuyambira 1988 sanafuneko gawo lalikulu la dzikolo. Njira ya Kerry imanyalanyazanso, kukana monyansidwa kwa Israeli kuchita mwachikhulupiriro molingana ndi chigamulo cha 1967 Security Council Resolution 242 chomwe chinapempha Israeli kuti achoke popanda kudzinenera malo ake pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wokhala mphamvu. Pakadali pano, ngakhale kuti sakufuna kuchita chilichonse chotheka kuti akwaniritse malingaliro ake azaka makumi angapo kuti ntchito yokhazikika ya Israeli ndi 'yopanda phindu' United States ikulengeza ndikutsimikizira kuti ili wokonzeka kutsutsa kuyesa kulikonse kwa Palestine kuti apeze mwayi wopita ku UN kuti afotokoze madandaulo ake. zoyesayesa zomwe Obama adazinyoza ngati "zoyesayesa zosagwirizana ndi UN." Ulamuliro wa Palestine mobwerezabwereza wanena momveka bwino kuti umakonda kuyambiranso kukambirana mwachindunji ndi Israeli, ngakhale kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu mkati mwa dongosolo loterolo, ndipo akuumirira motsimikiza kuti palibe kusagwirizana pakati pa kufunafuna kutenga nawo gawo kwakukulu m'mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi komanso kupitiriza kukonzekera kwawo. kuyesetsa kuthetsa kusamvana mwaukapolo. Ngati Israeli ndi United States anali odzipereka moona mtima kuti pakhale mtendere wokhazikika, akanalimbikitsa Palestina uyu kuti asiye kukana zachiwawa, ndi kuyesetsa kwawo kukakamiza zifukwa zawo mwa kunyengerera osati mivi, kuti apititse patsogolo cholinga chawo mwa kupeza ulemu mwa kujowina mabungwe ndi mabungwe. kutsatira mapangano okhazikitsa malamulo m'malo mongotsekeredwa m'ndende kwa nthawi yaitali popanda chifukwa chomveka ngati 'ntchito.'
Pamapeto pake, sitingathe kuwona momwe zinthu zilili popanda kubwereranso ku kuumirira kwa Said kuti ubale pakati pa wopondereza ndi woponderezedwa ndi chofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale mtendere wokhazikika. Pokhapokha ngati kusokonekera kwadongosolo ndi kuphwanya malamulo sikuvomerezedwa, palibe dongosolo landale lomwe lingakhalepo. Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, kutsindika kwa Kerry pa "kusagwirizana koyenera" kuli ngati malingaliro osafunikira monga momwe zikanakhalira pofuna kuthetsa mwamtendere nkhondo yamtundu mu South Africa ya tsankho pofuna kuti ANC ndi Nelson Mandela akhale ovomerezeka kuti agwirizane ndi olamulira awo atsankho. Mtendere udzabwera ku Israeli ndi Palestine, ndikukhazikika, pokhapokha ngati woponderezayo akonzeka kuthetsa ulamuliro wake wopondereza pochoka, osati kungochotsa kalembedwe ka Gaza. Pakalipano, kukonzekera koteroko sikungapezeke kumbali ya Israeli, ndipo malinga ngati izi zili choncho, zokambirana zachindunji ndi maulendo apanthawi ndi nthawi operekedwa ndi Washington kuti ayambirenso zokambirana zachindunji ali ndi chotsatira chachikulu - kumasula Israeli kuti akwaniritse zokhumba zake. kukhazikitsa 'Greater Israel' pamene akusunga Palestina mu unyolo. Chikhumbochi sichinavomerezedwe momveka bwino ndi utsogoleri wa Israeli, ngakhale kuti okhawo omwe amakana kuzindikira zomwe zikuchitika pansi sangalephere kuzindikira njira yowonjezera iyi. Boma latsopano la mgwirizano wa Israeli ndi lolondola kwambiri komanso lovomerezeka kuposa lomwe lidalipo limapangitsa chikhumbo cha Israeli kuti athetse mkanganowu podzichitira okha ntchito imodzi mopanda chinsinsi cha boma.
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Ndikofunikira kuti titsatire "kuumirira kwa Said kuti ubale pakati pa wopondereza ndi woponderezedwa ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale mtendere wokhazikika. Ndizomveka bwino ndipo sizingatheke kutsutsa kuti: "Pokhapokha ngati kupotozedwa ndi kuphwanya malamulo sikuvomerezedwa, palibe dongosolo landale lomwe lingakhalepo." Chifukwa chake, ndizosatsutsika, ndipo ziyenera kuzindikirika: "Mtendere udzabwera ku Israeli ndi Palestine, ndikukhazikika, pokhapokha ngati woponderezayo ali wokonzeka kusokoneza ulamuliro wake wopondereza pochoka, osati kungochotsa mawonekedwe a Gaza." Pakalipano, izi ndizokayikitsa kwambiri, makamaka popeza boma la Israeli lomwe langokhazikitsidwa kumene likupita kumanja komanso lopanda malire komanso lokhazikika mu ndondomeko za tsankho komanso zowonjezereka ku West Bank. Zitha kuyembekezeka kuthamangitsa, kuthamangitsa, ndikuchotsa anthu ambiri aku Palestine ku West Bank komanso kulimbikitsa maderawo. Mwachiwonekere, ichi ndi chikhalidwe chowopsya cha mbiriyakale chomwe chikukulirakulira popanda chizindikiro chilichonse cha nthawi yomwe chidzayime.