“Nonse ndinu owerenga tsopano! Pitani mukawerenge kuti mudziwe zakale, kuti mudziwe zapanopa komanso kuti mudzamenyeretu zam’tsogolo.” Ndi mawu awa, Purezidenti Hugo Chávez ankakonda kulandira mazana a anthu omaliza maphunziro a ku Venezuela a Mission Robinson kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Kenako amawatumiza kudziko lapansi atanyamula mabuku aulere m'manja mwawo ngati asirikali okonzekera nkhondo.
Kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha Chávez ndi kumasula kwake kwa anthu kungatchulidwe kuti zaka mazana ambiri zapita patsogolo zaka zingapo, ndi dziko lonse likuchotsedwa mumdima. Si chinsinsi kuti Bolivarian Process isanachitike kugawanso chuma chamafuta kunasokonekera kwa anthu osankhika ndipo chilichonse chidapangidwa mwachinsinsi kapena chosatheka, ngakhale chidziwitso chomwe chidabwera kudzera m'maphunziro ndi mabuku.
Chávez atayamba kulamulira mu 1998, adakonza zoti athetse zinthu zopanda chilungamozi. Choyamba, ndipo ndinganene kuti chofunika kwambiri, sitepe inali maphunziro a demokalase ndi kulimbikitsa chikondi chowerenga kuti tichotse malingaliro athu, kupereka mphamvu zenizeni kwa anthu.
Mtsogoleri waku Venezuela anali wowerenga mokonda iyemwini, nthawi zambiri amabwereza zolemba zake zomwe amakonda panthawi yowulutsa, kuyambira ndakatulo kupita ku zolemba zakale, malingaliro osintha zinthu, komanso mabuku osawerengeka okhudza kumasulidwa kwa Latin America.
Kusintha kwathu kwa chikhalidwe kunayamba ndi Mission Robinson mu July 2003, pamene zikwi za anthu odzipereka anayamba ntchito yophunzitsa anthu pafupifupi 1.5 miliyoni kuwerenga ndi kulemba pogwiritsa ntchito njira yophunzirira ya "Inde Ndikhoza" ku Cuba. Kupambana kwa pulogalamuyi kudachitika chifukwa cha khama lotsogozedwa ndi anthu kuti lifikire anthu omwe akukhala kutali komanso omwe sanatchulidwepo kale, monga magulu amtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wa Afro, okhala m'mizinda, olumala, azimayi ogwira ntchito, okalamba, ngakhalenso. mazana a akaidi.
Ntchito yomasula idapindula ndi Venezuela analengeza "Territory Free of Literacy" yolembedwa ndi Unesco mu Okutobala 2005. Chávez adayambitsanso Mission Robinson II, Mission Ribas, ndi Mission Sucre kusukulu za pulaimale, kusekondale, ndi maphunziro aku yunivesite, motsatana.
Amayi anga anali Mission Robinson II ndi Mission Ribas omaliza maphunziro onyada. Patapita zaka zambiri akukumana ndi mavuto osaneneka, iye anakwanitsa maphunziro aulere, mabuku, chithandizo chamankhwala, kuyezetsa maso, magalasi, ngakhalenso kulipiriridwa. Ndipo makalasi anali mkati mwa mtunda wa mphindi 10. Izi ndi zomwe kusintha dongosolo kumakhudza.
Ndidamuwona atakhala mzimayi yemwe amalankhula molimba mtima kwambiri, akuyankha pazandale komanso zachuma zomwe zidamuzungulira. Iye anasangalala kwambiri kupyola zaka zimenezo.
Chávez ankadziwa kuti mtundu wokha wa owerenga ukhoza kuyambitsa kuganiza mozama komanso kuzindikira kusintha. Ndicho chifukwa chake pambali pa mapulogalamu a maphunziro, panalinso khama lalikulu lowonjezera mwayi wopeza mabuku okhudza mbiri yakale ndi chikhalidwe cha Venezuela kuti tipulumutse midzi yathu yachibadwidwe komanso chikhalidwe cha Africa komanso zotsutsana ndi atsamunda, pambuyo pa zaka zambiri za khama lotsogozedwa ndi osankhika kuti atisokoneze kuti ndife ndani.
M'zaka zingapo, malaibulale odziwika ndi malo ogulitsa mabuku adayamba kuyendayenda m'matauni akumasula malingaliro, ndi mitu mamiliyoni ambiri kupezeka kwaulere kapena pamtengo wotsika. Zolemba zoyendetsedwa ndi boma ndi International Book Fair ya ku Venezuela (Filven) zidakhazikitsidwa kuti zitsitsimutsenso mabuku ndikupatsa olemba ambiri aku Venezuela nsanja yoti azisindikiza.
Zolembazi zidachokera kwa mtsogoleri wodziyimira pawokha waku Venezuela Simón Bolívar kupita ku chiphunzitso chosintha cha wafilosofi wa Marxist Ludovico Silva ndi buku lambiri la Cervantes Don Quixote. Cholinga chake chinali kupatsa anthu zida zankhondo yamalingaliro ndi kusintha kwa chikhalidwe pakati pa dziko latsoka ndi mapangidwe a capitalist. M'mawu ake a Chávez:
"Tisaiwale chithunzi chofotokozedwa ndi Victor Hugo, chomwe ndi chowonadi komanso chankhanza. Akuti pali chipinda chamdima, umphawi, koma pali mdima wandiweyani ndipo ndiwo masautso. Ndipo ndikhoza kuwonjezera ina: gehena! Tonsefe tiyenera kutuluka mu gehena, mumdima ndi masautso!”
Ndimakumbukirabe kuti Chávez ananena mawu amenewo ndikumuonerera pa wailesi yakanema, ngakhale kuti panthawiyo sindinkadziwa kuti ankafotokoza buku lachifalansa lakuti Les Misérables la mu 1862. Mwina iyi inali nthawi yomwe idamulimbikitsa kupanga "Operation Cosette," pulojekiti yabwino kwambiri yomwe imakhalabe pafupi kwambiri ndi mtima wanga.
Ndili ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, abambo anga adabweretsa kunyumba buku la ma voliyumu atatu la nkhani ya Victor Hugo yokhudzana ndi machitidwe achinyengo omwe amadyera osauka. Mabuku amenewa anali mbali ya mabuku 500,000 oyambirira amene anagaŵiridwa kwaulere mu 2006.
Kwa zaka zambiri, Les Miserables inakhala dzuwa langa ndi madzi, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri pa ndondomeko yanga yomasulidwa, momwe zopanda chilungamo za anthu, zakale ndi zamakono, zinakhala zoonekeratu. Kodi sindikanazindikira bwanji a Jean Valjeans ndi Fantines ambiri ondizungulira? Ndinkalakalaka kuti apeze chilungamo ndipo ndinakondwera ndi Cosette chifukwa chifundo chinamupulumutsa ku moyo wachisoni.
Pambuyo pa demokalase mabuku ndi maphunziro ndipo mwina kutseka bwalo langwiro, mu April 2009 Chávez anakhazikitsa Revolutionary Reading Plan (PRL) yomwe inawona kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu owerengera mkati mwa ogwira ntchito, mabungwe akumidzi ndi ophunzira, mabungwe ammudzi [oyandikana nawo], mafakitale opanga chikhalidwe cha anthu. , masukulu, mabungwe aboma, ndi zina.
PRL idakhazikitsa gawo lalikulu pakusinthitsa zikhalidwe ku Venezuela: kusinthana kwa chidziwitso, kulimbikitsa zikhalidwe za chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndikukulitsa malingaliro olimbana ndi kusokonekera kwa mawayilesi pofalitsa nkhani ndi zithunzi zapa TV.
"Poizoni wochuluka amabayidwa tsiku ndi tsiku pagulu, ndi zofalitsa zachinsinsi komanso zotsatsa, osati ku Venezuela kokha komanso dziko lonse lapansi. Tifunika kubaya mankhwala oletsa kudwala ndipo palibe chabwino kuposa kumasuka kumene kumabwera chifukwa chowerenga!” anafotokoza Chávez panthawiyo.
Pafupifupi zaka 15 pambuyo pake, Revolutionary Reading Plan, malaibulale otchuka, mabuku aulere, ndi mabwalo owerengera akuwoneka ngati zakale. Mwinamwake zonsezi zinazimiririka mkati mwavuto lazachuma ku Venezuela komanso zilango zakupha zaku US koma izi ndi nthawi zomwe timafunikira "mankhwala" ochulukirapo kuti tithane ndi kusagwirizana ndi ndale komanso nkhondo zankhanza za atolankhani.
Kodi kusintha kwachikhalidwe ku Venezuela kuli kuti lero? Palinso zochitika zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimakonzedwa pafupipafupi komanso zolimbikitsa zochitidwa ndi mabungwe otchuka, monga ma communes, koma zikuwoneka kuti mwambo wathu waposachedwa wasungidwa mu mawonekedwe kuposa zinthu.
Tengani chionetsero cha mabuku chapadziko lonse cha chaka chino ndi misewu yake yokongola yokhazikitsidwa ku Caracas' National Art Gallery, malo omwe Chávez adakhazikitsa Revolutionary Reading Plan kalelo mu 2009. Mawu olankhula achaka chino adasankhidwa moyenerera: "Kuwerenga kumachotsa koloni," koma izi sizinali choncho. kwatalikirana ndi forum ya unyinji.
Chifukwa chake ndikamadutsa mashelefu a mabuku amtengo wapatali, ndidadzifunsa ngati kumasulidwa kwathu pachikhalidwe komwe kunkakulako kudatsitsidwa kukhala chionetsero cha pachaka ngakhale chikhala ndi olemba odabwitsa monga katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu waku Venezuela Iraida Vargas yemwe ntchito yake pamakominisi ndi sosholizimu ndi yamtengo wapatali. Zimangowoneka ngati njira yopapatiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi malingaliro.
Ndi kuzunguliridwa kwaposachedwa kwamphamvu kwa dziko lathu komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito kusokoneza atolankhani ngati chimodzi mwa zida zake zazikulu komanso kuyambiranso kwa malingaliro a capitalist muzachuma, tikufunika mwachangu kuganiza mozama komanso kuzindikira kosintha kuti tithane ndi nkhondo. Tiyeni tibweretsenso "Operation Cosette" ndikuchulukitsa chikwi.
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