Chitsime: TomDispatch.com
Anali a Donald Trump Januware 3 kuphedwa kwa ma drone wa Major General Qasem Soleimani sitepe yoyamba yosinthira Nkhondo Yozizira yomwe ikukulirakulira pakati pa United States ndi Iran kukhala nkhondo yotentha masabata angapo chisankho chapurezidenti waku America chisanachitike? Zachidziwikire, palibe njira yodziwira, koma kuseri kwa mavoti awiri m'mavoti ambiri amitundu yonse ndikutsatiridwa ndi Secretary of State of hawkish Mike Pompeo, a Trump ndi munthu wodziwika bwino komanso wosasinthika. Mwachitsanzo, m'masabata aposachedwa, sanazengereze kutumiza asitikali ankhondo ku mizinda yaku America yoyendetsedwa ndi mameya a Democratic ndipo oyang'anira ake akuwoneka kuti ayambitsanso zinthu zingapo zobisika motsutsana ndi Tehran zomwe zimawoneka zowonekera kwambiri ndipo owonera aku Iran ali ndi nkhawa ndi October zodabwitsa akhoza kukhala mu makadi.
Zodetsa nkhawa zambiri zimachokera ku mfundo yakuti, ku Iran konse, zinthu zakhala zikuphulika kapena kuyaka moto m'njira zomwe zimawoneka ngati zachinsinsi komanso zoopsa. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi watha, mwachitsanzo, wokayikitsa kuphulika pamalo opangira kafukufuku wa zida zanyukiliya ku Iran ku Natanz, komwe kulinso malo ake opangira zida zanyukiliya, adagwira mwachidule mitu yankhani. Sizikudziwika ngati malowa adawonongeka kwambiri ndi bomba lomwe adalowetsedwa mnyumbayo mozemba kapena kuwukira kwa ndege. "Mkulu wina wanzeru ku Middle East adati Israeli idaponya bomba m'nyumba yomwe ma centrifuges apamwamba amapangidwa," adatero. inanena ndi New York Times. Zochitika zowopsa ngati izi zakhala zikuvutitsa dzikolo kwa milungu ingapo. Mwachitsanzo, pa June 26, panali โchinthu chachikulu kuphulika m'dera la gulu lankhondo lalikulu la Iran ndi zida zopangira zida kummawa kwa Tehran. " Pa July 15, zombo zisanu ndi ziwiri moto wotengedwa pamalo ochitira zombo za ku Iran. Moto wina wodabwitsa komanso kuphulika kwachitika m'mafakitale, malo opangira magetsi, fakitale yopanga mizinga, malo azachipatala, malo opangira petrochemical, ndi malo enanso.
"Akuluakulu ena akuti njira yolumikizirana yaku America-Israel ikusintha - ena angatsutse kuti akubwerera - kumenyedwa kwakanthawi kochepa kwankhondo," adatero. anamaliza lipoti lina mu Times.
Zina mwazowononga izi zachitika motsutsana ndi dongosolo la CIA lazaka ziwiri "zaukali kwambiri" kuti achite nawo ziwawa zowononga dzikolo. Monga a Yahoo! Nkhani lipoti lofufuza Anati: "Central Intelligence Agency yachita zochitika zingapo zachinsinsi motsutsana ndi Iran ndi zolinga zina kuyambira pamene adapambana mwachinsinsi mu 2018 pamene Purezidenti Trump adasaina zomwe zikufanana ndi chilolezo chogwira ntchito zoterezi, malinga ndi akuluakulu akale a US omwe amadziwa mwachindunji. za nkhaniyiโฆ Zomwe zapezazo zapangitsa kuti CIA ikhale yosavuta kuti iwononge zida zowopsa za adani, monga mitengo yamafuta amafuta.
nthawiyi, pa 23 July, ndege ziwiri zankhondo zaku US zidagunda ndege ya anthu wamba yaku Iran pamlengalenga waku Syria, zomwe zidapangitsa woyendetsa ndegeyo kukhotekera ndikutsika modzidzimutsa, ndikuvulaza ena mwa omwe adakwera ndegeyo.
Kwa ambiri ku Iran, kuphedwa kwa drone kwa Soleimani - komanso kampeni yachiwonongeko yomwe idatsatira - yakhala chilengezo chankhondo. Zofanana ndi zomwe mtsogoleri wamkulu waku Iran adalamula kuti aphedwe, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, zikadakhala kuti Iran ikupha Secretary of State Pompeo kapena Wapampando wa Joint Chiefs of Staff Mark Milley, ngakhale mafananidwe otere amalepheretsa kukula kwa Soleimani mumlengalenga waku Iran.
Pambuyo pake, Iran idagwiritsa ntchito moto wake, yankho lake lokhalo linali a zochepa, telegraphed strike pamagulu awiri ankhondo aku America ku Iraq. Ngati kupha kwa Soleimani kunali kufuna kukopa dziko la Iran kuti lilowe m'chaka cha zisankho, sizinatheke. Chifukwa chake mwina US ndi Israeli adapanga chiwopsezo cholimbana ndi zomwe aku Iran akufuna chilimwechi pomwe ziwonetsero zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira zomwe zidapangitsa Iran kuti ibwezere m'njira zomwe zingapereke chowiringula chakuyankha kwakukulu kwa US.
Mkangano womwe ukubwerawu sungakhale wokayikitsa kuti ungaphatikizepo magulu ankhondo aku US kulimbana ndi dziko lalikulu kangapo komanso lamphamvu kuposa Iraq. M'malo mwake, zingaphatikizepo kampeni yokhazikika yomenyera ndege motsutsana ndi zida zambiri zankhondo zaku Iran ndi zolinga zina zankhondo, pamodzi ndi zida zankhondo. ambiri maukonde zipangizo zomwe dziko la United States lapeza kuti lili mโgulu la dzikolo lofufuza za zida zanyukiliya.
"Art" ya Deal mu 2020
Kuphatikiza pa kukakamizidwa kwa asitikali komanso zilango zowopsa pazachuma ku Iran, Washington yakhala ikuyesera mwachipongwe kutenga mwayi kuti Iran, yomwe ili kale yofooka, yakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mliri wa Covid-19. Mwachitsanzo, zilango zaku America zomwe zapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti dzikolo lipeze thandizo lazachuma komanso chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chithandizo chomwe chimafunikira kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amwalira.
Malinga ndi lipoti la European Leadership Network,
"M'malo mochepetsera mavuto panthawi yamavuto, dziko la US lagwiritsanso zilango zina zinayi kuyambira mwezi wa February ndipo zathandizira kusokoneza pempho la Iran la ngongole ya IMF [International Monetary Fund]. Zida zitatu zapadera zandalama zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire kutumiza thandizo ku Iran poyang'anizana ndi zilango zachiwiri pamabanki apadziko lonse lapansi ...
Bungwe la Human Rights Watch silinaphule kanthu itanani United States mu Epulo kuti ichepetse zilango zake kuti zithandizire kuti dziko la Iran lithe kulimbana ndi mliri wakupha, womwe wakhazikitsa mwalamulo. anapha pafupifupi 17,000 anthu kuyambira February (kapena mwina, ngati a akaunti yotayika ziwerengero zenizeni za boma ndizolondola, pafupifupi 42,000).
Iran ili ndi chifukwa chilichonse chomvera chisoni. Pokhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pazandale, Purezidenti Hassan Rouhani ndi Mtsogoleri Wapamwamba Ali Khamenei adagwirizana mu 2015 kuti achite mgwirizano ndi United States ndi mayiko ena asanu padziko lonse lapansi pankhani ya kafukufuku wa zida zanyukiliya ku Iran. Mgwirizanowu, Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), udakwaniritsa ndendende zomwe zimayenera kuchita: zidapangitsa dziko la Iran kuti lichitepo kanthu, ndikuchepetsa zonse pa kafukufuku wake wa zida za nyukiliya komanso pulogalamu yake yolemeretsa uranium posinthana ndi zilango zachuma. ndi United States ndi mabungwe ena ogulitsa.
Ngakhale JCPOA idagwira ntchito bwino, mu 2018 Purezidenti Trump adachokapo, ndikubwezeranso zilango zokulirapo ku Iran, zidayamba zomwe olamulira adazitcha kuti ndi. kampeni ya "maximum pressure" motsutsana ndi Tehran, ndipo kuyambira pomwe Soleimani adapha Soleimani mwachiwonekere adayamba kuchita zankhondo patangotsala pang'ono nkhondo yeniyeni. Mkati mwa Iran, kusamvana kwa Trump kwathandiza tembenuzira ndale kumanja, kupeputsa Rouhani, wachibale wodekha, ndikuchotsa gulu lofuna kusintha kumeneko. Mu Chisankho ku nyumba yamalamulo mu February, osunga malamulo ndi olimba mtima adasesa mpaka a chigonjetso chachikulu.
Koma utsogoleri waku Iran ukhoza kuwerenganso kalendala. Monga ovota ku United States, iwo mukudziwa kuti olamulira a Trump mwina adzavoteledwa m'miyezi itatu. Ndipo akudziwa kuti, pakachitika nkhondo, ndizowonjezereka kuti anthu aku America ambiri - kuphatikiza, zachisoni, ma Democrat ena a hawkish ku Congress, ndi akatswiri ofufuza zapakatikati pa msewu waku Washington - adzasonkhana ku White. Nyumba. Chifukwa chake pokhapokha ngati kampeni yankhondo yobisika yolimbana ndi zolinga zaku Iran ikadakulirakulira, utsogoleri waku Iran sungathe kupatsa Trump, Pompeo, ndi gulu chifukwa chomwe akufuna.
Monga umboni wosonyeza kuti utsogoleri wa Iran ukuyang'anitsitsa zovuta za chisankho cha pulezidenti, Khamenei posachedwapa anakana momveka bwino zomwe owonerera ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi njira ina yonyansa ya pulezidenti waku America, pamene mwadzidzidzi anapempha Iran kuti alowenso mtsogoleri wachindunji- zokambirana kwa mtsogoleri. Mu a 31 July kulankhula, Mtsogoleri wa Iran adayankha kuti Iran ikudziwa bwino Trump akufunafuna zokambirana zokhazokha kuti amuthandize mu November. (Mu June, Trump tweeted Iran: "Musadikire mpaka Chisankho cha US chitatha kuti mupange mgwirizano waukulu! Ndipambana! โ) Zowonadi, kutsimikizira kuti Washington ilibe cholinga chokambirana ndi Iran mwachikhulupiriro, itatha kuwononga JCPOA ndikuthetsa zilango, oyang'anira a Trump adalengeza mndandanda wovuta. 12 zofunika zimenezo zikanayenera kukambitsirana nkhani zoterozo zisanayambe. Mwachidule, zidali zofunikila kudzipereka kwa Irani, kuchititsa manyazi. Zambiri pazaluso zamalonda mu 2020.
October Zodabwitsa, Ndiye ndi Tsopano
Pakadali pano, United States sichoncho kupeza thandizo kwambiri ochokera padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa choyesa kubisa chipwirikiti, chipwirikiti chomwe chingachitike, komanso mikhalidwe yokakamiza kusintha kwa boma ku Iran pamaso pa Novembara 3. Ku United Nations, pomwe Secretary of State Pompeo adapempha Security Council kuti onjezerani chiletso chotopetsa chamanja ku Iran, osati Russia ndi China zokha zomwe zidalonjeza kuti ziletsa chigamulo chilichonse chotere koma ogwirizana ndi America aku Europe adatsutsanso. Iwo adakhumudwa kwambiri ndi chiwopsezo cha Pompeo choika zilango "zachuma" ku Iran monga momwe adanenera mu JCPOA ngati chiletso cha zida sichinavomerezedwe ndi khonsolo. Sizinatayike kwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo chinali chakuti, polungamitsa zomwe akufuna kuti alandire zilango zatsopano za UN, mlembi wa boma waku America anali kuyitanitsa mgwirizano womwe Washington adausiya. "Nditasiya JCPOA, US salinso otenga nawo mbali ndipo alibe ufulu woyambitsa chithunzithunzi ku UN," inali njira. Kazembe wa UN waku China ikani izo.
Mphamvu ina yayikulu yomwe ikubwera, yakhala wowononga kwambiri komanso wothandizana ndi Iran motsutsana ndi njira yosinthira boma la Trump, ngakhale ubale wake ndi Washington. kukula mwachangu pofika sabata. Mwezi watha, a New York Times inanena kuti Iran ndi China adalemba "mgwirizano wokulirapo pazachuma ndi chitetezo womwe ungatsegulire mabiliyoni a madola aku China kubizinesi muzamphamvu ndi magawo ena, kulepheretsa zoyesayesa za olamulira a Trump kuti akhazikitse boma la Iran." Chikalatacho chamasamba 18 akuti chikufuna kuti pakhale mgwirizano pakati pa asitikali ndi mgwirizano wa $ 400 biliyoni waku China komanso wamalonda womwe, mwa zina, umayang'ana mwachindunji kuyesayesa kwa Trump-Pompeo kusokoneza chuma cha Iran ndi kugulitsa mafuta kunja.
Malinga ndi Shireen Hunter, katswiri wina wakale wa ku Middle East wa ku yunivesite ya Georgetown, ananena kuti mgwirizanowu uyenera kuonedwa ngati wosintha dziko lonse, chifukwa ukhoza kupatsa China "malo okhazikika ku Iran" komanso kulepheretsa "ulamuliro wa US ku [Persian] Gulf." Izi zili choncho, adanenanso ndi chenjezo, zotsatira zachindunji za kutengeka kwa Trump motsutsana ndi Irani komanso kusafuna kwa Europe kulimbana ndi mfundo zachilango za Washington.
Pa June 20, mu a mkonzi wowopsa, ndi Washington Post adavomereza, kunyoza njira ya "kukakamiza kwakukulu" kwa olamulira motsutsana ndi Iran. Sikuti pulezidenti adalephera kugwetsa boma la Iran kapena kulikakamiza kuti lisinthe machitidwe ake m'mikangano yomwe ili m'madera monga Syria ndi Yemen, koma tsopano, movutitsa kwambiri zofuna za US, "mgwirizano wa Iran ndi China ... ukhoza kupulumutsa chuma cha Iran pamene kupatsa Beijing malo atsopano amphamvu m'derali. "
Ngati, komabe, okhazikitsa mfundo zakunja ku Washington amakhulupirira kuti mfundo za Trump ku Iran ndi kubwerera kumbuyo ndipo motero akugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi US hegemony ku Persian Gulf, kayendetsedwe kake kakuwoneka kuti sikusamala. Monga umboni ukuwonjezeka kuti njira yake yopita ku Iran sikukhala ndi zomwe akufuna, White House ikupitilizabe: kufinya dzikolo pazachuma, kusokoneza kuyesetsa kwake kulimbana ndi Covid-19, ndikuwopseza gulu lankhondo, kusankha wowonjezera-hardliner ngati "kazembe wake wapadera" ku Iran, ndipo mwachiwonekere (pamodzi ndi Israeli) akuchita kampeni yobisa zauchigawenga mโdziko muno.
Kwazaka makumi anayi zapitazi, "zodabwitsa za Okutobala" zasintha kukhala mawu omveka bwino kutanthauza chilichonse chosayembekezereka cha kampeni yapurezidenti chisanachitike chisankho chopangira mwayi wina wodabwitsa. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, chiyambi chake chinali ku Iran. Mu 1980, pa mpikisano pakati pa Purezidenti Jimmy Carter ndi Kazembe wakale wa California Ronald Reagan, mphekesera zidamveka kuti Carter atha kuchita chiwembu kuti apulumutse akazembe ambiri aku America omwe adamangidwa ku Tehran. (Iye sanatero.) Malinga ndi malipoti ena, kampeni ya Reagan idalumikizana mobisa ndi Tehran pofuna kukopa dzikolo kuti lisatulutse akapolo ake aku America mpaka chisankho chitatha. (Mabuku awiri, October Zodabwitsa ndi Gary Sick, mlangizi wamkulu wa chitetezo cha dziko ku Carter, ndi Chinyengo kapena Treason ndi mtolankhani wofufuza Bob Parry adafufuza kuti mwina Reagan, Director wakale wa CIA Bill Casey, ndi ena adapangana chiwembu ndi Iran kuti apambane chisankho.)
Ganizirani izi mopitilira muyeso ngati, mu Okutobala uno, "zodabwitsa" zaposachedwa zachisankho zikadatifikitsa ku magwero a mawuwa mwanjira ya nkhondo yamtundu wina yomwe ingathe kutha moyipa kwa aliyense wokhudzidwa. Ndi njira yatsoka komanso monga zinthu zina zambiri, zikafika kwa a Donald J. Trump, sizingathetsedwe.
Bob Dreyfuss, mtolankhani wofufuza komanso TomDispatch zonse, ndi mkonzi wothandizira pa Nation ndipo walembera Stone Rolling, Mayi Jones, ndi American Prospect, ndi Republic New, ndi magazini ena ambiri. Iye ndi mlembi wa Masewera a Mdyerekezi: Momwe United States Idathandizira Kutulutsa Chisilamu Chokhazikika.
Nkhaniyi idawonekera koyamba pa TomDispatch.com, tsamba lawebusayiti la Nation Institute, lomwe limapereka kusuntha kwazinthu zina, nkhani, ndi malingaliro kuchokera kwa Tom Engelhardt, mkonzi wanthawi yayitali pakusindikiza, woyambitsa nawo American Empire Project, wolemba Mapeto a Chikhalidwe Chopambana, monga buku, The Last Days of Publishing. Buku lake laposachedwa ndi A Nation Unmade By War (Mabuku a Haymarket).
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