Ngati ndinu nthumwi ku msonkhano wa dziko la Republican ku Madison Square Garden kumapeto kwa mwezi uno, Jamie Moran akudziwa kumene mukukhala. Amadziwa komwe mukudya komanso nyimbo za Broadway zomwe mukufuna kuziwona. Kwa miyezi isanu ndi inayi yapitayi, Moran wakhala akugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe amapeza ngati woyang'anira ofesi ku bungwe lopanda phindu ndipo amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti asokoneze RNC.
Gulu lake laling'ono la anarchist, RNCNotWelcome.org, limagwiritsa ntchito snitch ndi akaunti ya imelo pomwe ogwira ntchito osakhutira a mahotela aku New York, Garden ndi chipani cha Republican atha kupereka zambiri za obwera pamsonkhano. Pakadali pano, gulu lalandira mafoni ambiri ndi maimelo mazana ambiri okhala ndi zoyipa zamkati pazochita za GOP.
Posachedwapa, mayi wina wokhala ndi mawu omveka bwino, azaka zapakati anatumiza uthenga wakuti, โPazifukwa zina zosadziลตika ndi Mulungu ndili pa ndandanda ya makalata a Republican, ndipo ananditumizira chimene amachitcha ndandanda ya zochitika zawo za mkati. โ Zomwe zidachitikazi sizinalengezedwe kwina, adatero, ndipo akufuna kutumiza mndandandawo ku Moran.
Moran amadyetsa zambiri ngati izi kwa gulu la omenyera ufulu wofunitsitsa kutulutsa mkwiyo wazaka zinayi paulamuliro wa Bush. Pokakamira nthumwi kulikonse komwe angapite, RNC Not Welcome ikuyembekeza kupangitsa moyo wa a Republican kukhala gehena kwa nthawi yonse yomwe ali ku New York.
"Tikufuna kuti kukhala kwawo kuno kukhala kovutirapo momwe tingathere," akutero Moran, yemwe ali ndi tsitsi lamchenga, mphuno yamphuno komanso mbuzi. Mwana wa wapolisi wopuma pantchito ku Queens, ali ndi zaka 30 koma akuwoneka wamng'ono. "Ndikufuna kuwona zochitika zonse zaku Republican - tiyi, nkhomaliro zam'mbuyo - zikusokonekera. Ndikufuna kuwona anthu ochokera m'maboma ena akutsatira nthumwi zawo, kuwadziwitsa zomwe amaganiza paza mfundo za Republican. Ndikufuna kuwona maphwando amsewu osayembekezereka komanso maguba. Ndikufuna kuwona mabungwe omwe akukhudzidwa ndi ntchito yomanganso Iraq akutsata - chilichonse kuyambira pa ntchito mpaka kuwononga katundu. "
Pali chiwonetsero chikubwera ku Manhattan. Mothandizidwa ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri chomwe mzindawu udawonapo, aku Republican atsala pang'ono kutembenuza bwalo labuluu la New York City kukhala kumbuyo kwa George Bush. RNC idasankha New York chifukwa ndi pomwe zidachitika zigawenga za Seputembara 11, zomwe otsutsa a Bush komanso anthu wamba aku New York akuwoneka ngati akuputa mkwiyo.
Kumbali imodzi kuli apolisi 36,000 - gulu lankhondo lomwe phungu wa mzindawu a Peter Vallone Jr amatcha "mwina gulu lankhondo lalikulu 10 padziko lonse lapansi". Kumbali inayi kuli ziwonetsero zosachepera 250,000 zomwe zikuyembekezeka kusonkhana mumzinda kuchokera ku United States ndi Canada - chiwonetsero chokulirapo kasanu ndi kasanu kuposa ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi mayiko zomwe zidagwedeza Seattle mu 1999.
Akuyang'anizana ndi nthawi yomwe apolisi akuchulukirachulukira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zankhondo poyankha ziwonetsero, ndipo ochita ziwonetsero akuyankhanso chimodzimodzi, akudzidziwitsa okha za mapulani a Republican ndikukonza chiwembu chomwe chikufuna kugunda pomwe apolisi ali ofooka kwambiri.
Apolisi alowa mwa anthu ochita zionetsero, koma otsutsawo alowa mumsonkhanowu; malinga ndi okonza odana ndi RNC, ali ndi timadontho ting'onoting'ono tiwiri tomwe timagwira ntchito mobisa ndi anthu odzipereka omwe mzindawu wawalemba kuti athandizire kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino ku Madison Square Garden.
Mapulani otsutsa msonkhanowo akuchulukirachulukira, akukwiyitsa omenyera ufulu ndi mikangano, yomwe ikukulirakulira.
Maulendo ndi misonkhano, yovomerezeka komanso yosaloledwa, ikukonzedwa tsiku lililonse lomwe ma Republican ali ku New York. Padzakhala bwalo la zisudzo mumsewu, kuphatikizapo malo ochitira masanzi ngati achiroma ku East Village masiku oลตerengeka msonkhano usanayambe, otanthauza kusonyeza kususuka kwa Republican. Cheri Honkala, wokonza mapulani a ku Philadelphia, akusonkhanitsa anthu osowa pokhala, obwereketsa nyumba za anthu ndi ena kuti achite ulendo waukulu wosaloledwa wa โanthu osaukaโ pa August 30. phunzirani kuchitira anthu omwe akuzunzidwa ndi tsabola komanso ziwawa za apolisi.
Palibe amene akudziwa komwe zikupita - kaya zidzawoneka ngati Chicago '68 kapena Seattle'99 kapena china chatsopano. Koma omenyera ufulu wawo amawona mkangano womwe ukubwerawu ngati mbiri yakale. "Ndikufuna kuwona chinthu chachikulu kwambiri chomwe sichingatanthauzidwe molakwika," akutero Jason Flores- Williams, wolemba ndale ku High Times Magazine, yemwe wakhala akuchita mbali ziwiri ngati mtolankhani wofotokoza za kayendetsedwe kake komanso wokonza. Bambo wina wazaka za m'ma 30 ali ndi ndolo zometedwa kumutu ndi ndolo zasiliva, Flores-Williams posachedwapa adafalitsa buku la High Times Activist Guide to the Republican National Convention, lomwe ndi gawo loyamba komanso loyitanira zida.
M'mwezi wa Meyi, wofunitsitsa kuyambitsa ziwonetsero zachilimwe, adapanga ziwonetsero zazing'ono m'mawa pafupi ndi Rockefeller Center ndipo adamangidwa pamodzi ndi ena awiri panthawi yotsekera magalimoto pa Fifth Avenue. Kwa RNC, amalota za "chiwonetsero cha chidani choopsa chomwe chidzadziwika m'mbiri monga nthawi yomwe anthu adayimilira ku ulamuliro woipitsitsa womwe sitinakhalepo nawo."
Mwa zina, amaona anthu ochita zionetsero akutseka misewu ya New York pomangirira manja awo pamodzi mkati mwa machubu achitsulo, kupanga chomwe chimatchedwa chinjoka chogona. Iye anati: โMumatsekereza manja anu mkati.
โApolisi akabwera, amayenera kupenya machubu achitsulowa. Mumapeza anthu 30 ndikutseka msewu kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi. Pamene izi zikuchitika, zimapereka mwayi kwa otsutsa ena kuti anene mawu awo, kuti asokoneze kwambiri. Atha kugona ndi anthuwa, amatha kuyimbira apolisi, amatha kukhala pansi pomwe ali ndikumangidwa chifukwa cha izi kapena kutsekereza malo ena a anthu. Akhoza kusokoneza kayendedwe kabwino ka anthu.โ
โZikubwera pamodzi,โ iye akutero mosangalala pambuyo pa msonkhano wa June wa otsutsa a RNC pafupifupi zana limodzi pa tchalitchi cha East Village. "Mbali ina idzakhala yosangalatsa komanso yokongola, koma gawo lina liyenera kuyambitsa mantha mu mphamvu."
Izo sizikhala zophweka. Zaka zinayi zapitazi zapatsa apolisi kuchita zambiri poyambitsa mantha. Ubale pakati pa apolisi ndi ochita ziwonetsero sunakhale wofunda, koma kuyambira pa Seputembara 11, adakula poyizoni, pomwe aboma amakana nthawi zonse zilolezo zoyenda ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zolimbana ndi ziwonetsero zopanda chiwawa.
Mu 2000 pamsonkhano wa Republican ku Philadelphia, apolisi adalowa m'magulu omenyera ufulu ndikumanga anthu ambiri. Msonkhano wa demokalase ku Los Angeles chaka chimenecho unali wabwinoko pangโono. "Ngakhale zionetsero zololedwa ndi mzindawu zakumana ndi magulu ankhondo onyamula zida zankhondo atavala zida zachiwawa," inatero CNN.
Apolisi anawombera utsi okhetsa misozi ndi zipolopolo za labala pagulu la anthu ochita ziwonetsero zomwe zinavulaza anthu ochita ziwonetsero komanso atolankhani. Al Crespo, wojambula zithunzi yemwe anawomberedwa ndi chipolopolo cha rabara anati: โZinkaoneka ngati zimene zinachitika pankhondo yapachiweniweni. Kuyambira pa September 11, zinthu zangoipiraipira. M'zaka zitatu zapitazi, zionetsero ku America zakhala zikufanana ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'maiko monga Egypt, komwe ziwonetsero zimaloledwa m'malo otetezedwa mwamphamvu komanso apolisi ochita zipolowe amathamangira atangoganiza kuti zachitika mwadzidzidzi kapena chisokonezo.
Mu April 2003, bungwe loona zauchigawenga ku California litatulutsa chikalata chofotokoza za ziwawa zimene zigawenga zingachite pa zionetsero zoletsa nkhondo ku Oakland, apolisi anawombera anthuwo mwamtendere ndi matabwa. Pambuyo pake zinapezeka kuti panalibe maziko enieni a chenjezo lauchigawenga.
Mike Van Winkle, wolankhulira bungwe la California Anti-Terrorism Information Center, adauza Oakland Tribune kuti zidachitika chifukwa ziwonetsero zokha zitha kuwoneka ngati zigawenga. "Mutha kupanga kulumikizana kosavuta kuti, ngati muli ndi gulu lochita ziwonetsero lomwe likutsutsa nkhondo yomwe chifukwa chomwe chikumenyedwa ndi uchigawenga wapadziko lonse lapansi, mutha kukhala ndi uchigawenga pachiwonetsero chimenecho," adatero. "Mutha kunena kuti ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi izi ndi zigawenga."
Chinanso chomwe chinachitika mu Novembala, pomwe mamembala 10,000 amgwirizano ndi opuma pantchito adawonetsa pamsonkhano wamalonda waulere ku Miami. Adakumana ndi apolisi 2,500 omwe akunyamula zida zatsopano zowongolera anthu, zomwe zidalipiridwa ndi ndalama zokwana $8.5m zomwe zidaperekedwa pabilu yomanganso Iraq. Makanema omwe adatengedwa pamalowa akuwonetsa ochita ziwonetsero osachita zachiwawa akumenyedwa ndi zibonga zamatabwa, odabwa ndi mfuti za Taser, kuwomberedwa kumbuyo ndi zipolopolo za mphira ndikuwathiridwa tsabola kumaso.
โKwakanthaลตi kochepa, Miami ankakhala pansi pa malamulo ankhondo,โ inamaliza motero lipoti lowopsa la khalidwe loipa la apolisi loperekedwa ndi gulu la mโderalo loimbidwa mlandu wofufuza za chiwembucho. "Ufulu wachibadwidwe unaponderezedwa, ndipo mfundo za chikhalidwe cha anthu zomwe timazikonda kwambiri zidasokonezedwa."
Chiyambireni zionetsero za msonkhano wamalonda waulere, omenyera ufulu abwera kudzanena za kuyankha kwankhondo kuti achite zionetsero ngati chitsanzo cha Miami - ndipo ndi chitsanzo chomwe apolisi ena adaphunzira. Lt Bill Schwartz, wolankhulira dipatimenti ya apolisi ku Miami, adati akuluakulu azamalamulo ochokera ku Georgia ndi New York adapita ku Miami pamsonkhano wamalonda waulere kuti akaphunzire njira zothanirana ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zikubwera m'mizinda yawo.
Georgia ikukonzekera msonkhano wa G-8 mu June, womwe unasonkhanitsa atsogoleri a Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan ndi Russia. Ndipo New York, ndithudi, anali kukonzekera RNC.
Atabwerera kuchokera ku Miami, Bill Hitchens, mkulu wa dipatimenti ya chitetezo cha dziko la Georgia, anauza Atlanta Journal-Constitution kuti, "Tiyenera kuchita mofanana ndi momwe iwo anachitira."
Iwo ndithudi anayesa. M'mwezi wa Meyi, msonkhano wachuma wa G8 usanachitike pa Sea Island ku Georgia, bwanamkubwa waku Republican adalengeza za ngozi, ponena za ngozi ya "misonkhano yosaloledwa." Izi zinamuthandiza kuyitanitsa asilikali a National Guard, akusefukira m'misewu ndi asilikali obisala.
Anthu ochita zionetsero amene ankafuna kupita ku mwambo wamtendere woyatsa makandulo anadutsa pamalo oseลตerera anthu omwe anali ndi zida. Mwina sipadzakhala asirikali m'misewu ya New York, ngakhale, malinga ndi nkhani ya February New York Daily News, okonzekera msonkhano akambirana za kuthekera. Koma padzakhala apolisi ambiri, pomwe apolisi 8,000 amapereka chitetezo kuzungulira Madison Square nthawi zonse. Malinga ndi Vallone, bungwe la NYPD lalandira ndalama zokwana madola 50 miliyoni kuti zikonzekere msonkhanowu, ndipo $18m akugwiritsidwa ntchito โpazida zaposachedwa kwambiri zowongolera anthu,โ kuphatikiza zida zosapha anthu komanso โzida zamakono zowonera makanema.โ
Kuyangโanira zonsezi kudzakhala Bungwe la Secret Service, lomwe limayangโanira malo a msonkhano. Pansi pa Bush, Secret Service yatsimikizira kuti ikuchita ziwonetsero. Nthawi zambiri amakhazikitsa โmalo omasuka kulankhulaโ kwa anthu ochita zionetsero mโmabwalo akutali ndi pulezidenti, ndipo amapempha apolisi a mโderalo kuti amange aliyense amene wasochera mโmadera amene asankhidwa.
Mu Okutobala 2002, womenyera ufulu wa South Carolina a Brett Bursey adamangidwa chifukwa chophwanya malamulo pomwe adalowa mugulu la otsatira Bush akudikirira kuti apereke moni kwa purezidenti ndikulemba chizindikiro "chopanda nkhondo yamafuta". Pa July 4 chaka chino, apolisi akuti, Secret Service inawauza kuti amange banja chifukwa chovala T-shirts zotsutsana ndi Bush pakulankhula kwa pulezidenti ku West Virginia - ngakhale kuti mawuwo anali otseguka kwa anthu.
NYPD sifunikira chilimbikitso chochuluka kuti aletse ochita ziwonetsero pambali. Dipatimentiyi yayesera kuwongolera ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi nkhondo ku Iraq pogwiritsa ntchito zotchinga zachitsulo zotsekereza kupanga zolembera kuzungulira magulu a ziwonetsero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulowa kapena kutuluka. Bungwe la New York Civil Liberties Union linazenga mlandu woletsa mchitidwewo, koma pa July 19 woweruza wa boma linagamula kuti apolisi apitirize kugwiritsa ntchito zolemberazi malinga ngati apangitsa kuti anthu ochita zionetsero azitha kulowa ndi kutuluka mosavuta.
Dongosolo lachitetezo cha mzindawu limapereka "malo opangira ziwonetsero" kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Madison Square Garden. Amene akufuna kutsutsa msonkhanowu mwalamulo adzatsekeredwa pakona iyi ndipo mwinamwake kusindikizidwa ndi zolembera zokhala ndi makoma akuzama a amuna abuluu. Zonsezi zadetsa nkhawa andale aku Democratic Republic, omwe ambiri akukonzekera kupita m'misewu ndi ziwonetsero.
"Ndili ndi nkhawa kuti zomwe zikuchitika pamsonkhano wa Republican zidzayimitsidwa kapena kuchotsedwa, zomwe zikuyenera "kutonthoza" omwe adzakhale nawo pamsonkhanowu," atero mkulu wa boma Richard Gottfried m'mawu ake. "Ufulu wathu wachibadwidwe sungaperekedwe pazandale."
Panthawiyi, anthu ochita zionetsero akamaona kuti akukakamizidwa, chikhumbo chawo chofuna kuchita zionetsero chikukulirakulira. "Ndikuganiza kuti anthu adzabwezera ngati atakwiyitsidwa," akutero Moran.
"Kawirikawiri chipwirikiti chimakhala kuphulika kwa mphamvu ndi mkwiyo pazochitika. Apolisi amapangitsa kuti zilakolako za anthu zilephereke, motero amakalipira. Sindikuganiza kuti izi nzoipa. โ
Kusafuna kwa mzindawu kupereka zilolezo za zionetsero kwadzetsa mkwiyo kwambiri. Magulu omwe adapempha zilolezo kuti achite maulendo ovomerezeka pamsonkhanowo adayimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali - nthawi zina kupitilira chaka chimodzi - kotero kuti khonsolo ya mzinda yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi Democrat idachita zokambirana kuti ifufuze ngati meya ndi dipatimenti ya apolisi amalepheretsa dala kulankhula mwaufulu. M'mwezi wa Julayi, apolisiwo adasiya ndipo adapereka zilolezo zingapo, koma panthawiyo omenyera ufulu ambiri anali atasiya kugwiritsa ntchito dongosololi ndipo adaganiza zophwanya lamulo.
Moran anati: โMโmiyezi ingapo yapitayi, zokambirana zayamba kusintha nโkuyamba kuchita zinthu mwachindunji.
"Anthu ali ngati, 'Tavota, tapempha zilolezo, tasewera bwino."
Zolinga, Moran akuti, ziyenera kukhala kutali ndi Madison Square Garden. "Musapite komwe ali amphamvu kwambiri," akutero. "Pakhala anthu ambiri omwe akufuna kupita ku Madison Square Garden, akufuna kukalipira nyumbayo ngakhale ili ndi njira ziwiri." Mphamvu za omenyera ufuluwo, akutero, "ndikuthekera kwathu kupanga zinthu modabwitsa komanso modabwitsa."
Vallone akuvomereza kuti ndi apolisi ochuluka omwe atumizidwa kuzungulira msonkhano, asilikali adzakhala ochepa mu mzinda wonsewo. "Apolisi a m'madera ena adzakhala ochepa," akutero. โZikhala zovuta. Koma tili ndi apolisi abwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kuti athane nazo. โ
Ndipo kodi, kwenikweni, adzakhala akulimbana ndi chiyani? Moran bristles atafunsidwa za zomwe New York angawone. "Pali kukhazikika kwambiri pafunso ili," akutero, moipidwa. โNdizovuta kwambiri. sindikufuna kulosera."
Zina mwa izi ndikuzemba kosavuta. Koma Moran sakudziwa kwenikweni zomwe anthu adzachita ndi zomwe gulu lake likudziwa. Zowonadi, kusadziwa ndizomwe zimachitika mumtundu wake wa anarchist, womwe umadalira ma cell kapena "magulu ogwirizana" a anthu asanu mpaka 20 omwe amalota ndikuchita zodziyimira pawokha. Pamene ziwerengero zazikulu zitaitanidwa, magulu ogwirizana amalumikizana kwakanthawi, ndikupanga magulu akuluakulu otchedwa "masango," ndiyeno amasiya ntchitoyo ikachitika.
RNC Not Welcome imawapatsa zida - maulalo amapu owonetsa komwe kuli maofesi a "opindula pankhondo" ndi mahotela a nthumwi, ndandanda ya zochitika zaku Republican, malangizo odziteteza ku tsabola ndi utsi wokhetsa misozi, mayendedwe okhalira padenga ndi maphikidwe a tofu cream. pies kuti aponyedwe pamaso pa adani amalingaliro. Gululo limatumiza mauthenga a imelo nthawi iliyonse akaphunzira zatsopano za mapulani a Republican. Zomwe anthu amachita nazo zonsezi zili ndi iwo. "Tikuyesera kupereka mtundu wina wa anthu omwe akungobwera kwa masiku asanu kuti alowemo," akutero Moran.
Moran sanakhalepo nthawi zonse. Kuyambitsa kwake kwa activism kunali kwachizolowezi monga momwe zimakhalira. Monga wophunzira ku SUNY Buffalo akupulumuka pa ngongole za ophunzira, adalowa m'boma la ophunzira ndipo adalimbana ndi kuchepetsa ndalama za boma za maphunziro. Analoลตa mโndale zachiwawa mwangozi, pamene anangoyendayenda ataledzera kuchokera mโkalabu yausiku yotchuka ya Lower East Side Save the Robots ndi kukalowa mu Blackout Books, malo ogulitsira mabuku a anarchist.
Anatenga kope laulere la Earth First! ndipo adachita chidwi kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chake cholimbana nacho kuti apite ku Earth First! kukumana masabata angapo pambuyo pake.
Izi zinatsogolera ulendo wopita ku Earth First mu 1997! kusonkhana ku Wisconsin. Pambuyo pake, adamangidwa pomwe akutsutsana ndi mgodi womwe akufuna kumpoto kwa Wisconsin ndipo adakhala m'ndende mausiku asanu. Aka kanali koyamba mwa ambiri kumangidwa, kuphatikiza kuponya chitumbuwa pamaso pa wamkulu wa biotech ku Berkeley.
Moran amadzitcha kuti ndi wankhanza koma watopa ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimatengera achinyamata ambiri ovala zakuda. Posachedwapa, iye ndi mamembala ena anayi a RNC Not Welcome adatulutsa "pepala lachidziwitso" lolimbikitsa anthu otsutsa kuti asiye Balaclavas wakuda ndi kuboola kumaso kumbuyo, ndipo m'malo mwake ayese kusakanikirana ndi anthu.
Iwo analemba kuti: โKunja kwa mipikisano, zovala zakuda zimakhala zoonekeratu, choncho kavalidwe kathu kayenera kukhala โntchito wamba. "Magalasi adzuwa amaperekedwa, m'mene chivundikirocho chimakhala chachikulu. Ndipo zipewa zimakhalamo nthawi zonse. Kodi mungapereke nsembe yaying'ono kuti mumete tsitsi lanu kapena kutulutsa mphete yanu kuti mutuluke m'ndende? Mbiri ya mafuko ndi ndale imakonda kuchitika kuno ndipo tikukufunani m'misewu! "
Ena ayamba kale kutengera chikhalidwe cha anthu. Atamva kuti wamkulu wa RNC a Bill Harris amayenera kukopa atsogoleri abizinesi aku Spain kumalo odyera ku Harlem pa Juni 22, omenyera ufulu wawo awiri adavala malaya oyera, mataye ndi mathalauza ndikulowa mozemba. timapepala tokhala ndi agitprop awo ndipo tidaphimba bafa ndi zomata zotsutsana ndi RNC.
"Cholinga chinali chowadziwitsa kuti inde, tili kunja uko, inde, sakulandiridwa mumzinda wathu," m'modzi wa iwo adalemba mu imelo ya zomwe anachita.
Kwa Moran, kuvala ngati wodziletsa sikuyenera kusokonezedwa ndi kuchita ngati mmodzi. Ali ndi malingaliro ngati a Zen ponena za kuthekera kwakuti owononga katundu angayambitse mkangano wankhanza wa apolisi, nati, "Pali mphamvu zina zomwe zimachitika mukachotsa mantha."
Anthu ambiri omenyera ufulu wawo amakhulupirira kuti ngati ziwawa zibuka, ndiye kuti mzindawu ndi umene uli ndi mlandu. Meya Bloomberg ndi apolisi, atero a Bill Dobbs, olankhulira United for Peace and Justice (UFPJ), "akukopana kapena kuyitanitsa chipwirikiti".
Monga okhazikitsidwa kwambiri ndi okonza anti-RNC, pali kukakamizidwa kwa UFPJ kudzudzula machenjerero a omenyera ufulu monga Moran, makamaka pankhani yowononga katundu. Atolankhani, akutero Dobbs, amamuyitana nthawi zonse ndikumupatsa mawu olakwika okhudza anthu okonda kusintha zinthu zomwe akufuna kuchita zosemphana ndi malamulo, kufunafuna kupanga zomwe amazitcha "wotsutsa wabwino / wotsutsa woyipa". Koma pakali pano, omenyera ufulu m'madera onse a gululi akuwonetsa mgwirizano. Memorandum ikufalikira pomwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya okonza - odziwika bwino komanso amphamvu, omwe amagwira ntchito mwalamulo ndi kunja kwake - amalonjeza kuti sadzakhumudwitsana.
"Aliyense ali ndi njira zake," akutero Dobbs. "Tithabe kuthandizira ndikuyimilira mgwirizano pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana pamachitidwe." Moran, kumbali yake, akuti, "Sitikutsutsa aliyense chifukwa chofunsira zilolezo." Pomwe kukakamizidwa kwa apolisi kukukulirakulira, mizere pakati pa njira ya Dobbs ndi Moran ikuyamba kuyimba.
Madzulo a June 11, anthu opitilira 100 adasonkhana ku Tchalitchi cha Saint Marks pamisonkhano yapamwezi ya No RNC Clearinghouse, pomwe okonza amakonza malingaliro ndikudziwitsana momwe akuyendera. Chipindacho chinali chitavuta ndipo msonkhanowo unali wotopetsa mpaka mayi wina watsitsi lakuda mochititsa chidwi anaimirira ndi kusonkhezera khamu la anthuwo ndi mawu ake oti asamvere anthu.
"A Republican akubwera," adayamba. "Poyesa mopanda manyazi kugwiritsa ntchito tsoka la 9/11, apanga ndondomeko yomwe imasokoneza ufulu womwewo womwe amati amaumenyera.
โApa ndipamene timalowererapo,โ anapitiriza motero. "Lachiwiri, Aug. 31, tsiku lopanda chiwawa komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji lidzayamba." Idzayamba, akutero, ndi mfuu. โMawotchi akamagunda 11 koloko koloko, masiku aลตiri kuti George W. Bush atchulidwenso dzina, anthu padziko lonse adzafuula kuti โayiโ ndi liwu limodzi. Kuchokera ku Brooklyn kupita ku Baghdad kupita ku London kupita ku Lisbon, kuchokera ku Selma kupita ku Sao Paulo, tidzakweza mawu athu posonyeza mkwiyo wapadziko lonse ... Kuno ku New York tidzakumana pa Madison Square Garden. Tidzakhala pansi m'misewu ndikukana kusuntha ... Tikufuna zambiri kuposa zolankhula ndi zolembera zotsutsa. Tikufuna kusintha!โ
Khamu la anthulo lidafuula mosangalala, kuliza malikhweru ndi kuwomba mโmanja.
Zikunena kuti mayiyu adakhumudwitsidwa ndi ziwonetsero monga mwanthawi zonse chifukwa ndi mnzake wa Dobbs ku United for Peace and Justice, gulu lomwe raison d'etre ndi lalikulu, miyambo yachikhalidwe. UFPJ ilibe chochita ndi kuyitanidwa kuti achitepo kanthu pamsonkhano.
Zowonadi, zimakhazikitsidwa pamalingaliro akuti ziwonetsero zakusukulu zakale sizikwanira.
Ochepa amatsutsa izi pa UFPJ, motsogozedwa ndi wokonza wakale wakale Leslie Cagan, mayi wa squat wokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi lasiliva yemwe adathandizira kubweretsa anthu opitilira theka la miliyoni ku Central Park mu 1982 pamwambo wokhazikitsa zida.
Cagan ndiwopambana, koma ndi katswiri, mtundu wa munthu yemwe amadziwa njira yake yololeza ndipo ali wokonzeka kugwira ntchito ndi apolisi ndi akuluakulu a mzinda. Chaka chatha, komabe, NYPD yachita zambiri kuti iwononge iye ndi UFPJ.
United for Peace and Justice ikukonzekera kuguba kwina kwakukulu pa Ogasiti 29, tsiku lomwe msonkhano usanayambe. Cagan ankafuna kuti zionetserozo zifike pachimake pa Udzu Waukulu wa Central Park, koma Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Mapaki inakana kuvomereza chifukwa chakuti opezekapo akhoza kuwononga udzu womwe utangobzalidwa kumene. UFPJ idapereka chiwongola dzanja kuti ilipire zomwe zingawononge, koma mzindawu sunasinthe. Panthawi ina, mkulu wina wa mzindawo adanenanso kuti UFPJ ichitire msonkhano ku Queens m'malo mwake.
Iye anati: โDipatimenti yoona za Parks inatitsekera mโmaso.
Mu June, Cagan adauza a City Hall kuti a NYPD "ikuyambitsa chipwirikiti" pokana kulola owonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito pakiyo. A Bill Perkins, wachiwiri kwa mtsogoleri wamkulu wa khonsolo ya mzindawo, adayitanira mlanduwu kuti afufuze zomwe mzindawu udachita pakuchita ziwonetsero za msonkhano. Adali ndi nkhawa, adatero, kuti "apolisi olimbana ndi uchigawenga akupangitsa kuti anthu a ku New York azitha kusonkhana."
Kukana kwa mzindawu kuti ochita zionetsero agwiritse ntchito Kapinga Wamkulu kunamukwiyitsa komanso wosakhulupirira. "Ndili ndi nkhawa kwambiri," adatero pamsonkhanowo, "kuti timalemekeza kwambiri ufulu wa udzu."
Mpaka pano, ufulu wa udzu wapambana. Pa Julayi 21, UFPJ idavomera monyinyirika pempho la mzindawu lolola msonkhano ku West Side Highway, kutali ndi mashopu ndi magalimoto oyenda pansi. UFPJ idauzidwa kuti ilibenso chosankha china - mzindawu sudzakambirana. โIchi sichinali chosankha chosangalatsa kuchita,โ akutero Dobbs. "Zikuwonetsa kuzunzidwa kwa Meya waku Republican Bloomberg."
Mwa mavuto ena, malo a West Side Highway alibe mthunzi komanso malo ogulira madzi akumwa.
Chifukwa chakuti malowa ndi aatali komanso ang'onoang'ono, msonkhanowo ukanakhala wodutsa m'midzi yambirimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwonetserako kumveke kukhala kovuta.
Kusagwirizana kwa UFPJ kudakwiyitsa omenyera ufulu ambiri. Zolemba pamasamba a anarchist ngati Indymedia.org adadzudzula gululi ndikulonjeza kusonkhana ku Central Park mosasamala kanthu. "Ndani adafunsa UFP & J kuti azisewera holo?" msilikali wina wochokera ku Philadelphia analemba.
"Ndili wokondwa kuti City yasankha kutiletsa chilolezo ku Central Park komanso kuti UFPJ idachita," adalemba winanso. โTsopano, tidzatenga Parkyo motsutsa mabwana a chikapitalist ndi atsogoleri odziika okha a โguluโlo.
Zomwe zidachitikazi zinali zoipa kwambiri, kotero kuti Lachiwiri UFPJ idasiya mgwirizano wake ndi mzindawu ndikulengeza kuti ipitiliza kumenyera ntchito pakiyo. "Mbali imodzi yokonzekera ndikumvetsera zomwe anthu akunena," akutero Dobbs. "Tikuguba ndi Madison Square Garden, ndipo sitikupita ku West Side Highway yoopsayi." UFPJ yapemphanso chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito pakiyo koma zikuwoneka kuti sizingatheke kuti mzindawu upereka. Akakanidwa, a Dobbs akuti gulu lake likhoza kuzemba mlandu. Ndipo zitatha zimenezo? "Tidzawoloka mlatho uwo tikafika pamenepo."
Ena akulimbikitsa bungwe la UFPJ kuti likonze msonkhanowo m'malo osungiramo malo osadikirira chilolezo. "Zindikirani ku UFPJ," inatero chojambula cha Indymedia. "Mukasiya ku West Side Highway, ndikulengeza kuti mukufuna kusonkhana ku Central Park popanda chilolezo, mudzakhalanso odalirika ndi udindo wanu."
Pakali pano, UFPJ sikupita kutali, ngakhale Dobbs amavomereza kuti anthu ambiri ayesa kutenga paki mosasamala kanthu. "Meya wakhazikitsa kusakhazikika uku," akutero.
Kusakhazikika kotereku ndi nkhani yabwino kwa anthu ngati Flores- Williams, omwe amafunitsitsa kuona kukangana kofala ndi apolisi. "Imafika nthawi yomwe muyenera kukhala ndi yankho loyenera," akutero. "Ngati palibe chomwe chingachitike ndipo ndikuyankha modekha, zikhala ngati chizindikiro chogwirizana komanso kuvomereza kukhalapo kwa a Republican pano."
Flores-Williams akuwoneka kuti wakhala akudikirira mphindi ino moyo wake wonse. Anali mlendo ku Prague koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 90, ndipo pambuyo pake adalemba zolemba zopeka kwambiri, zopeka za William Vollmann ku San Francisco. Tsopano akulankhula ngati kuti wayima paphiri la nyengo yatsopano. "Ndimakonda zomwe zidachitika ku Seattle. Koma masomphenya enieni amene ndili nawo ndi zimene zinachitika ku Paris mu 1968,โ akutero, ponena za zipolowe za ophunzira komanso sitiraka imene inasokoneza mzindawu.
"M'malingaliro mwanga, chisokonezo chimalimbitsa mzimu wamunthu. Ndaziwona. Ndinkakhala Kumโmawa kwa Ulaya pamene mpanda unali kugwa. Inali nthawi yabwino kwambiri pamene luso linakula. Zinali ngati matupiwo atuluka. โ Inde, apolisi adzakhala akugwira ntchito. "Koma padzakhala zionetsero zambiri," akutero, akudula zala zake. "Apa 5,000, awa 500. Kuwonekera m'malo osiyanasiyana awa. Apolisi adzatambasulidwa pang'ono. Mkwiyo udzakwera. Gehena yonse idzasweka.
Izi ndi zomwe aliyense akufuna - sangavomereze. "
Izo sizowona kwathunthu. Otsutsa ambiri a Bush akuda nkhawa ndi zomwe zikondwerero zazikuluzikulu zakukanidwa, pomwe cathartic kwa ena, zitanthauza. Palibe chomwe chimamasula, pambuyo pake, za ma welts ndi mikwingwirima ochita ziwonetsero zomwe zidachitika ku Miami kugwa komaliza. Moran anati: โNkhanza zankhanza kwambiri zimatha kuchititsa mantha anthu.
"Miami ikulendewera ngati mtambo wakuda." Chimodzimodzinso msonkhano wa Chicago Democratic National Convention wa 1968, pomwe Meya Richard Daley adalimbana ndi ziwonetsero ndipo apolisi adalimbana ndi ochita ziwonetsero m'misewu yozungulira malo a msonkhano. Ndi ochepa amene amakayikira kuti apolisi, ngati akwiyitsidwa mokwanira, ayankha chimodzimodzi chaka chino.
Izi zimachititsa mantha otsutsa a Bush, omwe akuda nkhawa kuti chiwawa m'misewu ya New York chidzathandiza a Republican powapangitsa kuti aziwoneka ngati anthu a ku Middle America ozunguliridwa ndi nutty radicals. Amawona kuti chisokonezo cha Chicago '68 chidathandizira kulimbitsa mbiri ya Richard Nixon monga woyimira malamulo ndi dongosolo.
Paul Berman, yemwe kale anali wolinganiza ophunzira komanso wolemba buku la "A Tale of Two Utopias: The Political Journey of the Generation of 1968" akutero Paul Berman. gulu lolimbana ndi nkhondo, Nixon mwachindunji anatsogolera gulu lake lamoto kuti lidutse pakati pa zipolowe zotsutsana ndi nkhondo ku California kuti anthu amugende ndi miyala kapena kufuula zotukwana kotero kuti TV idzafunsa anthu a ku America funso usiku umenewo: 'Kodi iwe ndi ndani? angakonde, Purezidenti Nixon, kapena woponya miyala wachikominisi wa hippie wosuta?โ Ndipo dzikolo linalibe chikaiko. Izi zinali zanzeru chabe kumbali yake. Ngati Bush apambana zisankho, zikhala chifukwa cha njira zotere. "
Zaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu zapitazo, m'badwo wa Berman udali wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuthamangitsidwa kwawo mwachipongwe omasuka achikulire, ochenjera. Masiku ano, Moran akuwoneka ngati mbadwa zawo zoyenera, akuumirira kuti phunziro la Berman silikugwira ntchito. M'malo motalikitsidwa ndi chipwirikiti m'misewu ya Manhattan, amakhulupirira kuti anthu wamba alowa nawo.
"Ndamva anthu akale akunena kuti, 'Ngati anthu inu muchita zipolowe zidzapereka Bush pulezidenti,' akutero. "Ndikuganiza kuti ndi ulesi chabe. Mkhalidwe uliwonse umene anthu a New York amakumana nawo mโmisewu ndi chinthu chabwino.โ Kupatula apo, kwachedwa kwambiri kuti tiletse ziwonetsero tsopano. Moran anati: โZaka zinayi zapitazi zachititsa kuti anthu azikwiya kwambiri. "Anthu angasankhe kutulutsa ukali umenewo kwa opindula pankhondo. Gulu lathu silimatsutsa izi. Si cholinga chathu.โ
Kodi cholinga chawo nโchiyani? A Republican ayenera kuchoka ku New York, akutero. Kunali kulakwitsa kwakukulu kubwera kuno.
ยทMichelle Goldberg ndi wolemba wamkulu ku Salon yochokera ku New York.
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