Kuwulutsa nkhani ndi mainchesi akuchulukirachulukira ndi mawu ankhondo. Tsogolo la anthu aku Iraq likuyenda bwino. Iraq tsopano yabwerera m'mbuyo poyang'anizana ndi ziopsezo zazikulu za US / UK kuti ziwononge dziko lomwe lawonongedwa, ndipo lapereka mwayi wopita kwa oyendera zida za UN, monga momwe Mlembi Wamkulu wa UN Kofi Annan adatsimikizira. Miyoyo ya anthu masauzande ambiri, mwinanso kupitilira apo, imadalira ngati olamulira a Washington, ndi okondwerera ake okhulupirika ku London, asiya kukonzekera koletsedwa ndi zachiwerewere ku Iraq. Tsopano, kuposa ndi kale lonse, atolankhani athu ndi owulutsa akuyenera kuchititsa mphamvu zakumadzulo kuti ziyankhe.
Komabe, zizindikilo ndizakuti atolankhani aku Britain akutsogolera kuchokera pakutentha kwa maboma a US ndi Britain. M'nkhani ya pa intaneti ya BBC pa Seputembara 17, mwachinyengo yotchedwa 'UN idagawikana pazowunikira' - kugawikana kunali pakati pa US/UK ndi wina aliyense - cholinga cha nkhaniyi chinali chakuti America 'idakana kupereka [Iraqi] ngati dziko. chiwembu chonyozeka' ndi 'Mlembi Wachilendo waku UK Jack Straw akuumirira kuti chigamulo chatsopano cha UN pa Iraq chikufunikabe'. [Nkhani za BBC pa intaneti, September 17, 2002;http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2263162.stm>].
Koma wolankhulira ku White House adawonetsa momveka bwino kuti kuyang'anira zida + si nkhani yapakati, ngakhale kuti mobwerezabwereza amakambidwa m'manyuzipepala kuti: 'Iyi si nkhani yoyendera', adatero wolankhulirayo. 'Ndizokhudza kuponyera zida zankhondo zaku Iraq komanso kutsatiridwa kwa boma la Iraq ndi zigamulo zina zonse za Security Council.'
Chowonadi, chomwe sichinanyalanyazidwe ndi BBC komanso anthu ambiri, ndikuti nkhani yeniyeni ndi yokhudza kulamulira kwa misika yamafuta ndi kupezeka, komanso kulanga dziko lonse chifukwa cha machimo a 'wolamulira wankhanza', yemwe kale anali bwenzi lakumadzulo. Nthawi zina pomwe BBC + imatchula zamafuta ngati chinthu chomwe chingachitike ku US/UK, malingaliro amenewo amanenedwa kuti ndi "ulamuliro" waku Iraq (osati kunena, ndemanga zakumadzulo), ndi tanthauzo. kuti lingaliro loterolo siliyenera kulingaliridwa mozama. Mwachitsanzo, m'ndime yoyamba ya nkhani yaitali ya pa intaneti lero, BBC inanena kuti '[Wachiwiri kwa Nduna Yaikulu ya Iraq] Mr Aziz adanena kuti US ikufuna kumenyana ndi Iraq, ndipo cholinga chake chenicheni chinali njala ya mafuta a Iraq.' [Nkhani za BBC pa intaneti, September 18, 2002; http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/2265638.stm ]
Komanso, BBC ikupitirizabe kupondereza kumvetsetsa za momwe zida za United Nations zidachoka ku Iraq mu December 1998:
"Oyang'anira a UN adachoka ku Iraq zaka zinayi zapitazo atadandaula za kuletsedwa kwa akuluakulu aku Iraq. Kuyambira pamenepo, Iraq yakana kulola oyendera kuti abwerere. โ [Nkhani za BBC pa intaneti, September 17, 2002; http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2263162.stm ]
Mawu awa, kapena ziganizo zofanana, nthawi zambiri zimabwerezedwa m'malipoti akuluakulu. Choyipa kwambiri ndi malipoti omwe amati "Saddam adathamangitsa oyendera" - mawu omwe BBC, osachepera, akuwapewa (ngakhale Tom Mangold wa BBC adabwereza nthanoyi m'nkhani yaposachedwa ya Times, "Momwe Saddam adabisalira moyo wake wakupha. arsenal ", September 13, 2002). Chowonadi, monga tawonera m'machenjezo am'mbuyomu, ndikuti oyang'anira zida za UN sanathamangitsidwe ndi Saddam Hussein. Iwo adachotsedwa pa 16 December 1998 ndi wapampando wamkulu wa United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) Richard Butler atalimbikitsidwa ndi boma la United States, nthawi yomweyo US/UK isanaphulitse bomba la Operation Desert Fox.
Kuzengereza kwa Iraq, mpaka pano, kulola oyendera zida kuti abwerere ndi zomveka, chifukwa cha kuvomereza kwa mkulu wa zida za UNSCOM Scott Ritter kuti mamembala a gulu lake loyang'anira adagwira ntchito yaukazitape ku US ndi maboma a Israeli. Monga momwe Robert Fisk wodabwitsa amanenera mu Independent yamasiku ano:
"Kale mu 1996, a Iraqis anali kale akuimba mlandu woyendera UN kuti akugwira ntchito ndi Israeli. Major Scott Ritterโฆ Kenako Saddam adadzudzula owunika a UN kuti amagwira ntchito ku CIA. Ndipo iye anali wolondola. United States, idawonekera, ikugwiritsa ntchito maofesi a UN ku Baghdad kusokoneza mauthenga aboma la Iraq. Ndipo oyenderawo atachotsedwa mu 1998 ndipo US ndi Britain adayambitsa "Operation Desert Fox", zidapezeka kuti pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe amaphulitsa bomba chidachezeredwa ndi oyendera a UN m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo. M'malo mokhala woyang'anira, anyamata a UN - ngakhale samadziwa - anali ngati oyang'anira ndege, akulemba mndandanda wa anthu aku America m'malo moyang'anira kutsatiridwa ndi zisankho za UN." [http://argument.independent.co.uk/commentators/story.jsp?story=334318]
Poganizira zomwe akufuna kulanga Iraq, kusunga 'kukhulupirika' kwa US ngati mphamvu yokhayo padziko lonse lapansi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mafuta a Middle East apezeka, olamulira a Bush akukana, mosadabwitsa, kutsimikizira kuti kubwezeredwa kwa owunika zida kubwereranso kungalepheretse kuwukira kwa US. Zowonadi, monga momwe idanenedwera mu Daily Telegraph pa 12 Julayi chaka chino: "[Mmodzi] kazembe wamkulu waku Britain adavomereza kuti zinali zokayikitsa kuti Saddam angakhutitse anthu aku America. "Barali lili penapake patali kwambiri ndi lokwera kwambiri," adatero.'
Mauthenga ogwirizana ankhondo ochokera ku US ndi UK poyankha zomwe Iraq ikupereka mopanda malire zimatsimikizira realpolitik yomvetsa chisoniyi. Bush adalimbikitsa bungwe la UN Security Council kuti "lisapusitsidwe" ndi zomwe Baghdad adapereka kuti awerengenso owunika zida, ponena kuti mtsogoleri waku Iraq "wachedwa, wakana, wanyenga dziko lapansi". Pakadali pano, BBC ikupereka kutchuka kwa okonda kutentha monga Prime Minister wakale waku Britain a John Major omwe adalengeza kuti Iraq idapereka "chestnut yakale", atafunsidwa pa pulogalamu ya Radio 4 "Lero" m'mawa uno. Osadziwikiratu kwa anthu omvera, Major ndi membala wa board ya American Carlyle Group, kontrakitala wachitetezo wa $ 3.5bn yemwe ali ndi ubale wolimba ndi banja la Bush.
Media Lens ikuvomereza kuti zopereka za Iraq ziyenera kuyandikira mosamala komanso mokayikira. Koma tsopano pali chiyembekezo chomveka, osachepera, cha chiwopsezo cha nkhondo chikuchepa. Chodetsa nkhawa chathu ndi chakuti panthawi yovutayi, ma TV ambiri, makamaka a BBC, akupereka nkhani zodziwika bwino kwa akuluakulu a ndale omwe ali ndi nkhanza kumadzulo, omwe ambiri mwa iwo akukhudzidwa ndi ziwawa zankhondo zam'mbuyomu zomwe zaperekedwa kwa anthu ngati "zothandiza anthu." kulowererapoโ komanso โkusamalira chitetezo chamayikoโ ku Kuwait, Kosovo, Afghanistan.
M'modzi mwa owerenga athu a Media Lens posachedwapa adalembera Richard Sambrook, mkulu wa nkhani za BBC, kutsutsa BBC kuti ifunse mafunso okhudza Bush ndi Blair, "asanatikokere ku nkhondo yopha anthu, yosatha". Sambrook adayankha pa Seputembara 5:
"Udindo wathu monga atolankhani opanda tsankho ndikuwunika zonse zomwe zaperekedwa kutengera zomwe tikudziwa, kapena zomwe tingathe kuzipeza m'tsogolomu, kuphatikiza zokambirana ndi atolankhani ochokera ku UK ndi Boma la US, UN ndi ena. Sikuti ndi udindo wathu kutsatira mwachimbulimbuli mzere uliwonse monga chowonadi, kaya kuchokera ku boma kapena bungwe lina lililonse. Komabe, ndiudindo wathu kunena zomwe akunena - pa kamera ndi pa kamera - monga atsogoleri osankhidwa mwa demokalase a anthu aku Britain. Ndikofunikiranso kumvetsetsa kuti Boma, kudzera munjira zake zanzeru komanso njira zama diplomacy zapadziko lonse lapansi, likudziwa zambiri za Iraq kuposa momwe tilili.
"Atolankhani athu m'derali komanso ku Westminster - ena mwa atolankhani athu odziwa zambiri komanso odziwa zambiri - amayesetsa kuti athetseretu mawuwo. Mudzayamikira kuti mwayi wathu ku Iraq ndi wochepa. Palibe mtolankhani amene ali ndi ufulu woyendayenda mโdzikolo nโkunena zomwe amakonda, ndipo nโzosatheka kupeza akuluakulu a boma kumeneko.โ
Media Lens ikuwona ndi chidwi kuvomereza kwathunthu kwa Sambrook kuti chifukwa boma la Britain lili ndi mphamvu zomwe lingathe kuchita - 'intelligence network' ndi 'international diplomacy' - ndiye kuti boma liyenera kupatsidwa ulemu woyenerera malinga ndi kufalitsa komanso kudalirika. Kodi Sambrook ndi BBC amapereka mwayi uliwonse kaamba ka kuthekera kwakuti maulamuliro oterowo, ochita okha kapena ngati โbwenzi lokhulupirikaโ la United States, sali ochezeka kapena ngakhale andale?; kuti maulamuliro oterowo atha kukhala m'manja mwa mabungwe apamwamba a boma omwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali komanso yochititsa manyazi ya kugonjetsa, kuopseza ndi kupha anthu padziko lonse lapansi? Kuyang'ana moona mtima ndi koyenera kwa umboni mpaka pano kumapereka mawu oti "ayi".
"Kupereka lipoti" zomwe boma likunena - "pa kamera ndi kunja" - si udindo wa "atolankhani opanda tsankho"; M'malo mwake, ndi udindo wa akuluakulu olankhulana ndi anthu komanso ofalitsa nkhani zabodza. "Lipoti" ndi dzina lolakwika lachinyengo. "Kufalitsa", "echo" ndi "channel" zingakhale zolondola kwambiri. Kuti afalitse, tsiku ndi tsiku, malingaliro a ndale amphamvu, muzofalitsa zomwe ziri pafupifupi zopanda kusanthula kwakukulu ndi zovuta zomveka, ndizothandizira ndondomeko yowononga ya mphamvu zokhazikitsidwa. Ndipo pamene mphamvu yotereyi ikufuna kuyambitsa zigawenga zomwe zidzakulitsa chisoni cha dziko lomwe likuvutika kale (ndipo mwinamwake ena omwe angakhoze kukopeka nawo pa mkangano), ndiye kuti ofalitsa nkhani pawokha akugwirizana ndi ndondomeko za nkhondo zosaloledwa ndi zachiwerewere.
ZOCHITIKA ZOTSATIRA
Cholinga cha Media Lens ndikulimbikitsa kulingalira, chifundo ndi kulemekeza ena. Polemba makalata opita kwa atolankhani, tikulimbikitsa kwambiri owerenga kuti azikhala aulemu, osakhala aukali komanso osanyoza.
Lembani ku:
Richard Sambrook, mkulu wa BBC news: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Jonathan Munro, wamkulu wa zosonkhanitsa nkhani, nkhani za ITV: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Alan Rusbridger, mkonzi wa The Guardian: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Roger Alton, mkonzi wa The Observer: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Simon Kelner, mkonzi wa The Independent: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Tristan Davies, mkonzi wa Independent on Sunday: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Koperani makalata anu onse ku [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Khalani omasuka kuyankha zidziwitso za Media Lens: [imelo ndiotetezedwa]
Pitani patsamba la Media Lens: www.medialens.org
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