Ku India timalambira ndowe za ng’ombe monga Lakshmi, mulungu wamkazi wa chuma. Gobur-dhan puja kwenikweni ndi kupembedza kwa gobur (cowdung) dhan (chuma).
Ndowe za ng'ombe zimapembedzedwa chifukwa ndizomwe zimatsitsimutsa nthaka yachonde ndipo motero kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ng'ombeyi yakhala yopatulika ku India chifukwa ndi mwala wofunikira kwambiri pazachilengedwe - ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti ulimi ukhale wosasunthika.
Pamene a Monsanto ndi olankhulira makampani a sayansi ya zachilengedwe omwe ankakhala ngati “alimi†anandipatsa ndowe za ng’ombe ku WSSD ku Johannesburg, ndinalandira “mphoto” yawo ngati chiyamiko ku ulimi wa organic ndi ulimi wokhazikika.
Alimi ang'onoang'ono omwe adakumana ku WSSD ndi alimi ochokera ku Africa konse adakana ma GMO's, ndi mankhwala ndikudzipereka ku ulimi wa organic, ndi kuteteza ufulu wa alimi. Akusankha mwaufulu mbewu zomwe angapulumutse ndi matekinoloje omwe ali okhazikika. Mabungwe a alimi ku India ndi ku Africa akunena kuti "ayi" ku GMO's chifukwa cha ufulu wawo wosankha kukhala organic kutanthauza kuti alibe kuipitsidwa ndi majini komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha mbewu za GM. Kuwonongeka kwa chibadwa kumalanda alimi ufulu wawo wopanda GM. Odwala ndi nzeru zaumwini pa mbeu zimalanda alimi ufulu wawo wosunga, kusinthanitsa, kupanga mbewu. Alimi amatengedwa ngati “akuba†komanso “zigawenga†potsatira ufulu wa alimi. Chitsanzo choyipa kwambiri ndi cha Parcy Schmeiser yemwe minda yake ya canola idaipitsidwa ndi GM canola ya Monsanto ndipo adatsutsidwa chifukwa cha "kuba" kwa majini. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ife amene timalima mwachisawawa ndikufuna kukhalabe ndi ufulu wolima ndikusunga ufulu wa alimi tikukana mabungwe osasamala omwe akuyesera kukhala ndi moyo padziko lapansi, kuphatikiza mbewu, kuwononga mbewu zathu ndi chakudya komanso kukhala ndi ulamuliro wonse paulimi ndi alimi.
Mbewu za GM ndi mankhwala ndizowopsa kwa alimi, zomwe zimawopseza thanzi la ogula komanso kuwopseza chilengedwe. Alimi aku Punjab ndi Andhra Pradesh akudzipha chifukwa mbewu zodula komanso mankhwala ochokera kumakampani monga Monsanto/Mahyco zawalowetsa m'ngongole yakuya, yosalipidwa.
Zonena za Monsanto ndi okhulupirira ake monga Swaminathan Iyer (yemwe adanditcha “Green Killer†mu Times of India pa 22 Sept 2002, chifukwa ndimachita ndikulimbikitsa ulimi wa organic) kuti GM imatha kudyetsa dziko lapansi ndi zabodza kotheratu. Thonje la Monsanto la Bt lalephera ku India m'chaka chake choyamba chobzala malonda. Ku Khargone ku Madhya Pradesh Bt ndiyolephera 100% ndipo alimi akufuna chipukuta misozi. Ku Maharastra, mbewu ya Bt yalephera pa 30,000 hec ndipo alimi akupempha Rs. 500 crore chipukuta misozi. Ku Gujarat, ku Bhavnagar, thonje la Surendranagar ndi Rajkot Bt lawonongedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. jini yapangidwa kukhala thonje. Thonje wa Bt wopangidwa ndi majini si chozizwitsa, ndi chinyengo kwa alimi.
Ku Rajasthan, chimanga chosakanizidwa chomwe Monsanto imati chidzapereka 20 - 50 quintals pa acre ikupereka 1.5 ku 1.7 quintals pa acre pamene ikufuna madzi ochuluka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kukulitsa kugwa ndi njala.
Zonena zabodza za asayansi zamakampani osayang'ana pazachilengedwe monga Monsanto zikupha alimi athu, ulimi wathu, zachilengedwe zathu.
Ulimi wachilengedwe ukuchulukitsa zokolola zaulimi ndi 2 mpaka katatu, kuchulukitsa ndalama za alimi, ndikuteteza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. N’chifukwa chake magazini ya Time inatchula kuti Navdanya ndi mpainiya wa m’zaka za m’ma 3 zatsopanozi ndipo inati “Ku India ngakhale pang’ono, Navdanya amaika muyezo wogwirizana ndi zachilengedwe umene bizinesi yaulimi iyenera kusonyeza kuti ingachite bwino. Vuto la akatswiri opanga ma genetic ndi kupanga mbewu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi madera ena zomwe zimathandiza alimi kuchepetsa, osati kuchulukitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala†(Time, Aug 26, 2002, “Seeds of self Reliance, p 36)
Monsanto ndi okopa alendo amapindula pogulitsa ndi kulimbikitsa mbewu zapoizoni, zapoizoni komanso kuwongolera makampani. Mayendedwe ngati Navdanya amakondwerera zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, ufulu wa alimi ndi ndowe za ng'ombe. Mabungwe ndi olankhulira makampani ayamba kusimidwa chifukwa anthu akuwona zabodza ndi chinyengo chawo. Ndi ulimi wa organic ukukula padziko lonse lapansi, kulephera komanso kusakhazikika kwa uinjiniya wa majini ndi uinjiniya wamankhwala zikuwonekera, gulu lothandizira makampani lamankhwala likuyamba kuthedwa nzeru. Ndimaona kumenyedwa kwawo kwa ine ngati chizindikiro cha kuthedwa nzeru komwe kunabwera chifukwa cha kulephereka kwa ulimi wosakhazikika wa mafakitale, wamakampani pakuchotsa njala kapena kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa alimi. Machitidwe okhazikika akukula chifukwa amapereka njira zothetsera njala ndi umphawi. Ndipo ndowe za ng'ombe, biomass ndi biodiversity ndizomwe zili pamtima wokhazikika komanso zopanda chiwawa m'malo mwa uinjiniya wama genetic ndi mankhwala.
Mwachilengedwe ng'ombe yakhala yofunika kwambiri pachitukuko cha India. Onse mwakuthupi ndi conceptually dziko la ulimi Indian wamanga zisathe ake pa kukhalabe umphumphu wa ng'ombe, kuganizira ake inviolable ndi wopatulika, kumuona ngati mayi wa kulemera kwa kachitidwe chakudya. Kuphatikizana kwa ziweto ndi ulimi kwakhala chinsinsi cha ulimi wokhazikika. Ziweto zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazakudya posintha zinthu zamoyo kukhala mawonekedwe omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta ndi zomera. KM Munshi, nduna ya zaulimi yoyamba ku India pambuyo pa ufulu wodzilamulira, anati: “Ng’ombe mayi ndi a Nandi salambiridwa pachabe. Ndiwo akale omwe amalemeretsa nthaka - zosintha zazikulu za chilengedwe - zomwe zimapereka zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe, pambuyo pa chithandizo, zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri. Ku India, miyambo, malingaliro achipembedzo ndi zosowa zachuma zayesa kusunga ng'ombe zambiri zokwanira kuti zisungidwe, pokhapokha ngati tikudziwa ...
Zaka 100 zapitazo, Sir Alfred Howard, tate wa ulimi wokhazikika wamakono analemba m’buku lake lachikale lakuti, An Agricultural Testament, kuti, ‘M’zaulimi wa ku Asia tikupeza kuti tikuyang’anizana ndi dongosolo laulimi wamba limene, m’zofunikira, posakhalitsa linakhazikika. . Zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano m'minda yaing'ono ya India ndi China zinachitika zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo. Zochita zaulimi za Kum'mawa zapambana mayeso apamwamba kwambiri - ndizokhazikika ngati za nkhalango zakalekale, zakutchire, kapena zam'nyanja.
Howard adazindikira mfundo zaulimi wokhazikika ngati zija zongowonjezeranso zomwe zimawonedwa m'nkhalango zakale. Chipangano chaulimi ndi mbiri ya machitidwe omwe adasunga chonde m'nthaka ku India kwazaka zambiri. Zolemba zakale zikuwonetsa kuti dothi lokhala m'zigwa za Gangetic latulutsa zokolola zabwino chaka ndi chaka, osagwera chonde. Malinga ndi a Howard, izi zakhala zotheka chifukwa panali kukhazikika bwino pakati pa zofunikira za manyowa a mbewu zokololedwa ndi njira zachilengedwe zomwe zimabwezeretsa chonde. Kuteteza nthaka yachonde kwatheka chifukwa cha kulima kosakaniza ndi kasinthasintha ndi mbewu za nyemba, kusamala pakati pa ziweto ndi mbewu, kulima mozama ndi mopepuka, ndi kumangirira manyowa.
Ndicho chifukwa chake timakonzekera Howard Memorial Lectures pa 2nd October monga chikumbutso cha India monga gwero la ulimi wopanda chiwawa, wokhazikika. Nkhani ya chaka chino inaperekedwa ndi Fukuoka, woganiza za ulimi wa ku Japan komanso wotsogoleredwa ndi Dr. Tewolde Egziabher, Mtumiki wa Zachilengedwe ku Ethiopia yemwe watsogolera zokambirana za Biosafety ku United Nations.
Howard ankaona kuti anthu wamba a ku India ankadziwa bwino kwambiri ulimi kuposa anthu akumadzulo. Iye anazindikira chinsinsi cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nthaka kosatha ku India monga kunama pakubweza zinthu zachilengedwe ndi humus m’nthaka. Kugwirizana pakati pa ziweto ndi mbewu kunkasungidwa nthawi zonse kuti chakudya chisamayende bwino komanso kubwezeretsanso zinthu zachilengedwe m’nthaka. Njira yolimitsira mbewu zosakaniza ndi gawo limodzi la kusintha kwa chilengedwe momwe mbewu za chimanga monga mapira, tirigu, balere ndi chimanga zimasakanizidwa ndi phala, kupereka chakudya chopatsa zotsatira zabwino kuposa ulimi umodzi; Howard ananena kuti, “Pano tili ndi chochitika china pamene alimi a Kum'maŵa amayembekezera ndi kuchitapo kanthu pa yankho la limodzi mwa mavuto omwe sayansi ya akumadzulo ikuyamba kuzindikira. ndi 200-300%. Kuchulukitsitsa kwachilengedwe m'malo mowonjezera mankhwala ndi njira yopititsira patsogolo ulimi waku India. Kulima kwachilengedwe ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere kupanga chakudya ndikulimbitsa chitetezo cha chakudya, kusunga zachilengedwe - nthaka, madzi, zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, kupititsa patsogolo ndalama za alimi ndi moyo wabwino, kuteteza moyo wakumidzi, kupewa ngongole, ndikuletsa ngongole zodzipha. Zimapanga ufulu ku ngongole, ulamuliro ndi matenda.
Mabungwe akubweretsa umphawi potengera ndalama zomwe alimi ndi alimi omwe amapeza movutikira kuti azigulitsa mbewu/mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mbeu zatsopanozi, kuwonjezera pa kukhala zokwera mtengo, zimakhalanso pachiwopsezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewu ziwonongeke komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala. Awa ndi matekinoloje akupha omwe ndi osafunika komanso osafunikira.
Kubera kwaulimi kumatengera sayansi yabodza komanso zonena zabodza. Ukadaulo wankhanza wa uinjiniya wa majini ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kusaona mtima, kulimbikitsa umphawi waumphawi wodzetsa ndalama zambiri komanso umisiri wosakhazikika kumabweretsa imfa ya alimi athu komanso kuwonongeka kwa chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi chakudya. Awa ndi matekinoloje akale, amwano komanso achikale omwe amagwira ntchito bwino pakuwononga, osati kupanga.
Ukadaulo waulimi wamtsogolo uyenera kugwira ntchito kwa anthu, osati mabungwe, ayenera kugwira ntchito ndi chilengedwe, osati motsutsana ndi chilengedwe. Ngati alimi ndi ulimi ayenera kukhala ndi tsogolo, ayenera kukhala organic. Padziko lapansi kapena osauka sangakwanitse kuwononga, kusagwira ntchito bwino, chinyengo, kuipitsa ndi chiwawa cha mankhwala ndi majini.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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