Gwero: The Grayzone
Nyuzipepala ya New York Times inagwetsa bomba lina la Russiagate pa June 26 ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi yomwe ili ndi mutu wakuti, "Russia Yapereka Mwachinsinsi Asitikali aku Afghanistan Kuti Aphe Asilikali aku US, Intelligence Ikutero." Nkhani zodziwikiratu komanso chipwirikiti chandale zidatsata, ndikutsitsimutsa chipwirikiti chotsutsana ndi Russia chomwe chasangalatsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Beltway kwa zaka zinayi zapitazi.
Koma kuyang'anitsitsa malipoti a Times ndi malo ena akuluakulu omwe akufunitsitsa kutsimikizira zomwe akufalitsa kukuwonetsa choyipa china chosiyana ndi Russiagate mwiniwake: mfundo zazikuluzikulu za nkhaniyi zikuwoneka kuti zidapangidwa ndi aluntha la boma la Afghan kuti asokoneze gulu lankhondo laku US lomwe lingathe kuchoka. dziko. Ndipo zidawululidwa ku Times ndi malo ena ndi akuluakulu achitetezo aku US omwe adagawana zomwe adakambirana ndi anzawo aku Afghanistan.
M'masiku otsatirawa kusindikizidwa kwa nkhaniyi, oyendetsa boma la Afghanistani ndi bungwe lachitetezo cha dziko la US adakumana ndi chopinga chandale chosayembekezereka: Mabungwe azamalamulo aku US adayamba kupereka kuwunika kocheperako pazolinga zanzeru za boma la Afghanistan, kuwaweruza kuti ndi wokayikira kwambiri pa zabwino zonse, komanso zabodza poyipa kwambiri.
Poganizira zachitukuko chodabwitsachi, lipoti loyambirira la Times likuwoneka kuti lidapangidwa ndi kutayirako komwe kumapangitsa kuti nkhondo ya Afghan isalephereke poyang'anizana ndi malingaliro a Purezidenti Donald Trump ochotsa asitikali aku US komweko.
The Times imawulula mwakachetechete magwero ake zabodza
Nyuzipepala ya Times sinangosweka nkhani ya Bountygate koma inalamula magulu a atolankhani omwe ali ndi atolankhani asanu ndi anayi osiyanasiyana kuti alembe zolemba zisanu ndi zitatu zonena zamanyazi omwe akuyembekezeka m'masiku asanu ndi atatu. Nkhani zake zidawonetsa chizolowezi cha pepalali chobwerezabwereza zidziwitso zokayikitsa zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa olemba ake ndi mabungwe oteteza dziko popanda vuto. Patangotha masiku ochititsa chidwi a Times, magulu a mtolankhani wake adakakamizika kukonzanso nkhaniyo kuti akonze nkhani yomwe pamapeto pake idakhala zabodza pa mfundo iliyonse yofunika.
Saga ya Bountygate idayamba pa Juni 26, ndi lipoti la Times kulengeza, “United States ananena miyezi ingapo yapitayo kuti anthu a ku Russia “anapereka mphoto mobisa kaamba ka kuukira kopambana chaka chatha.” Lipotilo linanena kuti akatswiri azamisala aku US afika pachimake pazabwino zaku Russia koyambirira kwa Januware. Lipoti lotsatira la Times lidawonetsa kupezedwa kodabwitsa kwa chiwembu choyipa cha Russia chifukwa chopeza ndalama zambiri zaku US kuchokera "kuukira gulu lankhondo la Taliban." Nkhaniyi idanenanso kuti amafunsidwa mafunso "ankhondo ogwidwa ndi zigawenga zaku Afghanistan."
Komabe, lipoti lotsatira lidawulula kuti "malipoti anzeru aku US" onena za chiwembu cha Russia chogawira ndalama kudzera mwa anthu aku Afghan sanali opangidwa ndi aluntha aku US konse.
Nyuzipepala ya Times inanena koyamba pa June 28, kenako pa June 30, kuti ndalama zambiri zopezeka pa a "Chigawo cha Taliban" kapena "Webusayiti ya Taliban" zidapangitsa anzeru aku US kukayikira chiwembu cha Russia. Koma Times idayenera kubwereranso, kuwulula July 1 kuti chiwonongeko chomwe chinapeza ndalama zokwana madola 500,000 kwenikweni chinali chokhudza nyumba ya ku Kabul ya Rahmatullah Azizi, amalonda a ku Afghanistani akuti ankachita nawo malonda a mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kupanga makontrakitala ndi gawo la mabiliyoni a madola omwe United States anagwiritsa ntchito pomanga.
Nyuzipepala ya Times inanenanso kuti zambiri zomwe "zigawenga zogwidwa ndi zigawenga" zomwe "akuwafunsa" zinali zomwe zikukayikitsa za chiwembu cha Russia ku Afghanistan. Koma "zigawenga ndi zigawenga" amenewo anali achibale khumi ndi atatu ndi mabwenzi a bizinesi ya wamalonda yemwe nyumba yake inagwidwa.
The Times adanenanso kuti omangidwawo adamangidwa ndikufunsidwa mafunso kutsatira zigawenga za Januware 2020 powakayikira ndi anzeru aku Afghanistan kuti anali a "mphete yapakati" yomwe ikugwira ntchito pakati pa GRU yaku Russia ndi omwe amatchedwa "zigawenga zolumikizidwa ndi Taliban," monga magwero aku Afghan. anamveketsa bwino.
Komanso, mosiyana ndi lipoti loyamba ndi Times, zigawengazi zidachitikadi ndi gulu lazamalamulo la Afghanistan lomwe limadziwika kuti National Directorate of Security (NDS). The Times inaulula zimenezi pa July 1. Zoonadi, kufunsidwa kwa anthu amene anamangidwa m’zigawengazo kunachitika ndi a NDS, n’chifukwa chake lipoti la Times linatchula mobwerezabwereza za “kufunsa mafunso” popanda kufotokoza n’komwe kuti ndani kwenikweni amene anafunsa.
Popeza mbiri yodziwika bwino ya NDS, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti omwe amawafunsa adagwiritsa ntchito kuzunza kapena kuwopseza kuti apeze maakaunti kuchokera kwa omangidwa omwe angathandizire nkhani ya boma la Afghanistan. Onse awiri Toronto Globe ndi Mail ndi United Nations Assistance Mission ku Afghanistan (UNAMA) adalemba posachedwa mu 2019 kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi kuzunzidwa ndi a NDS kuti apeze zambiri kuchokera kwa omangidwa. Cholinga chachikulu cha NDS chinali kukhazikitsa zomveka zonena kuti wabizinesi wothawa Azizi ndiye "wapakati" wamkulu pagulu la GRU lofuna kupereka ndalama zopha anthu aku America.
NDS idakonza bwino nkhani yake kuti igwirizane ndi malingaliro achitetezo cha dziko la US. Nkhaniyi ikugwirizana ndi malipoti am'mbuyomu anzeru zaku Russia ku Afghanistan idasindikizidwa koyambirira kwa 2019, komanso zomwe zidakambidwanso pamisonkhano ya NSC. Palibe chomwe chidachitika ponena za malipoti awa, chifukwa palibe chomwe chidatsimikiziridwa.
Lingaliro loti omenyera nkhondo a Taliban olimba amafunikira kapena akufuna ndalama zakunja kuti aphe adani aku America atha kuthetsedwa pamaso pake. Chifukwa chake akuluakulu aku Afghanistan adatsutsa zonena kuti ndalama zaku Russia zidaperekedwa kuti alimbikitse ziwawa ndi "zigawenga ndi zigawenga" zomwe akuti "zimagwirizana" ndi a Taliban.
Zinthu izi zidachitika pakuwukira kwa Epulo 2019 IED pagalimoto yomwe ili pafupi ndi gulu lankhondo laku US ku Bagram m'chigawo cha Parwan yomwe idapha Asitikali atatu aku US, ndikuumirira kuti a Taliban adalipira zigawenga zakuderalo kuti zichite zigawenga.
Monga mkulu wa apolisi ku Parwan Gen. Zaman Mamozai adauza Times, akuluakulu a Taliban adakhazikitsidwa m'maboma awiri okha mwa zigawo khumi za chigawochi, zomwe zimawakakamiza kuti azidalira gulu la anthu omwe si a Taliban omwe amapha anzawo kuti achite zigawenga kwina kulikonse m'chigawochi. Maderawa adaphatikizanso madera ozungulira Bagram, malinga ndi zomwe boma la Afghanistan linanena.
Koma Dr. Thomas H. Johnson wa Naval Postgraduate School, katswiri wodziwa za zigawenga ndi zotsutsana ndi zigawenga ku Afghanistan yemwe wakhala akufufuza za nkhondo m'dzikoli kwa zaka makumi atatu, anatsutsa lingaliro lakuti a Taliban adzafunika gulu lachigawenga kuti ligwire ntchito bwino. mu Parwan.
"A Taliban ali ku Parwan konse," Johnson adatero poyankhulana ndi The Grayzone, powona kuti omenyera nkhondo awo mobwerezabwereza adaukira kapena pafupi ndi malo a Bagram panthawi yonse ya nkhondo.
Potsala pang'ono kusiya, boma lachitetezo cha dziko limasewera khadi lake la Bountygate
Akuluakulu achitetezo ku United States anali ndi zifukwa zomveka zovomerezera nkhani yokayikitsa ya NDS. Koposa zonse, akuluakuluwa adatsimikiza mtima kuletsa kukakamiza kwa Trump kuti achoke ku Afghanistan. Kwa Pentagon mkuwa ndi utsogoleri wa anthu wamba, kuopa kuchotsedwa kudayamba kwambiri koyambirira kwa 2020 pomwe Trump adayamba kufuna. ndondomeko yofulumira kwambiri pakutulutsa kwathunthu kuposa miyezi 12-14 yomwe ikukambidwa ndi a Taliban.
Sizinadabwe kuti izi zidalumpha mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zomwe a NDS aku Afghan NDS akufuna kuchita zomwe akufuna, makamaka pomwe chisankho cha Novembala chidayandikira. The Times ngakhale tanena m'modzi "wakuluakulu [wa US]" akulingalira kuti "umboni wokhudza Russia ukanawopseza kuti [Afghanistan] agwirizana, chifukwa adanena kuti pambuyo pa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu za nkhondo, a Trump anali kulola Russia kuthamangitsa asilikali omaliza a ku America kunja kwa dziko. ”
M'malo mwake, malipoti anzeru ochokera ku CIA Station ku Kabul pazabwino za NDS Russia adaphatikizidwa mu Presidential Daily Brief (PDB) pa February 27 kapena pafupifupi - monga momwe zokambirana za mgwirizano wamtendere wa US ndi a Taliban zinali pafupi kusainidwa. Izi zinali mochedwa kwambiri kuti ziletse kusaina koma zidakhala nthawi yabwino kuti alimbikitse Trump kuti abwerere ku chiwopsezo chake chochotsa asitikali onse aku US ku Afghanistan.
Trump mwina adauzidwa mwachidule za nkhaniyi panthawiyo, koma ngakhale akadakhala kuti sanakhalepo, kupezeka kwa kufotokozera mwachidule za nzeru mu PDB mwachiwonekere kukanagwiritsidwa ntchito kumuchititsa manyazi ku Afghanistan poyikira kwa atolankhani.
Malinga ndi a Ray McGovern, yemwe kale anali mkulu wa CIA yemwe anali ndi udindo wokonzekera PDB kwa Atsogoleri a Ronald Reagan ndi George HW Bush, kuyika kwa zidziwitso zaiwisi, zosatsimikizirika kuchokera ku bungwe lanzeru la Afghanistan lodzikonda ku PDB kunali kuchoka pazochitika zachizolowezi.
Pokhapokha ngati chidule cha ziganizo ziwiri kapena zitatu za lipoti lanzeru lapano, McGovern adalongosola, chinthu china mu PDB nthawi zambiri chimangokhudza luntha lofunikira lomwe lidatsimikiziridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi McGovern, zinthu za PDB nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazifupi zazinthu zomwe zakonzedwa tsiku lomwelo ngati gawo la "World Intelligence Review" kapena "WIRe" ya CIA.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi dongosolo lachiwongola dzanja la Russia, komabe, sizinali mbali ya WIRe mpaka Meyi 4, patatha miyezi iwiri, malinga ndi Times. Kusagwirizana kumeneku kunawonjezera kulemera kwa lingaliro lakuti CIA inali ndi zolinga za ndale zobzala zakuda za NDS mu PDB zisanawunikidwe.
Mwezi wa June, National Security Council (NSC) ya Trump inaitanitsa msonkhano kuti akambirane za lipoti la intelligence, akuluakulu adauza Times. Mamembala a NSC adapanga zosankha zingapo poyankha chiwembu chomwe akuti aku Russia, kuyambira pachiwonetsero chaukazembe kupita ku mayankho amphamvu. Zowonetsa poyera kuti asitikali aku US ku Afghanistan adakumana ndi azondi aku Russia zikadawopseza dongosolo la Trump lochoka ku Afghanistan.
Panthawi ina m'masabata otsatira, CIA, Defense Intelligence Agency ndi National Security Agency aliyense adawunika zomwe anzeru aku Afghan adanena. Nyuzipepala ya Times itayamba kufalitsa nkhani za nkhaniyi, Director of National Intelligence a John Ratcliffe adalamula National Intelligence Council, yomwe ili ndi udindo woyang'anira zowunika zonse zamagulu anzeru, kuti ilembe chikumbutso chofotokoza mwachidule zomwe mabungwe azamalamulo adachita.
The chikumbumtima adawulula kuti mabungwe azidziwitso adachita chidwi ndi zomwe adawona. CIA ndi National Counter-Terrorism Center (NCTC) aliyense adapereka nzeru za NDS kuyesa "kudalira pang'ono," malinga ndi chikumbutso.
An chiwongolero chovomerezeka ku mawu anzeru ammudzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga mfundo kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa momwe angadalire pakuwunika kumasonyeza kuti "chidaliro chochepa" chimasonyeza kuti "chidziwitso chogwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza chingatanthauzidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana ...." Sizinali kuvomereza kwanzeru kwa NDS pomwe CIA ndi NCTC zidafika pakupeza izi.
Kuwunika kochitidwa ndi National Security Agency kunali kofunika kwambiri, chifukwa idapeza zotengera zamagetsi pakusintha kwachuma "kuchokera ku akaunti yakubanki yoyendetsedwa ndi bungwe lazankhondo laku Russia kupita ku akaunti yolumikizidwa ndi Taliban," malinga ndi magwero a Times. Koma a NSA mwachiwonekere sankadziwa zomwe kusamutsidwaku kumakhudzana ndi, ndipo makamaka adakana chidziwitsocho kuchokera ku bungwe la intelligence la Afghanistan.
Memorandum ya NIC inanena kuti NSA idapereka chidziwitso kuchokera kwa anzeru aku Afghanistan "chidaliro chochepa" - chotsika kwambiri mwa magawo atatu a chidaliro omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mgulu lazanzeru. Malinga ndi liwu lovomerezeka la mawu ofotokozera za intelligence community terminology, izi zikutanthauza kuti "chidziwitso chogwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ndi chochepa, chokayikitsa, chogawanika, kapena kuti mfundo zomveka bwino sizingadziwike kuchokera ku chidziwitsocho."
Mabungwe ena azidziwitso akuti adaperekanso "chidaliro chochepa" ku chidziwitsocho, malinga ndi chikumbutsocho. Ngakhale Defense Intelligence Agency, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi chizolowezi chopereka machenjezo owopsa pazochitika za adani aku US, sanapeze umboni muzinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsa Kremlin ndi zopereka zilizonse zabwino.
Pasanathe milungu iwiri nyuzipepala ya Times idatulutsa bomba lomwe likuyembekezeka ku Russia, kudalira akuluakulu achitetezo cha dziko akukankhira zofuna zawo ku Afghanistan, nkhaniyi idatsutsidwa bwino ndi gulu lazanzeru lomwe. M'nyengo yandale, izi zikanabweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa zinthu zomwe zidatsimikiza kuti asitikali aku US akhazikika ku Afghanistan.
Koma chipwirikiti cha ndale chopangidwa ndi Times komanso zinthu zosagwirizana ndi anthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a kulumikizana kwina koyipa kwa Trump-Putin zidasokoneza mfundo zotsutsana. Zinali zonse Pentagon ndi ogwirizana nawo akuluakulu omwe amayenera kukankhira mmbuyo pamalingaliro oti achoke mwachangu kunkhondo yayitali komanso yodula.
Gareth Porter ndi mtolankhani wodziyimira pawokha wofufuza yemwe adalemba mfundo zachitetezo cha dziko kuyambira 2005 ndipo adalandila Mphotho ya Gellhorn ya Utolankhani mu 2012. Buku lake laposachedwa kwambiri ndi The CIA Insider's Guide to the Iran Crisis yolembedwa ndi John Kiriakou, yomwe yangofalitsidwa mu February.
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