Chitsime: TomDispatch.com
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA / United States - Epulo 3, 2020: Wochita nawo "zionetsero zamagalimoto" kulimbikitsa a Meya London Breed kuti akhazikitse anthu opanda pokhala m'zipinda za hotelo zomwe mulibe munthu ali ndi chikwangwani.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Jungho Kim/Shutterstock.com
Buku la SARS-CoV-2 lachita phokoso kudera laku America kusiya ziwonongeko zakuthupi, zamalingaliro, komanso zachuma pambuyo pake. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa July, matenda odziwika m'dziko lino adaposa mamiliyoni atatu, pamene imfa inali pamwamba 135,000. Kwawo kwa opitilira 4% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi, United States ndi yoposa a kotala mwa onse omwe amwalira ndi Covid-19, matenda opangidwa ndi coronavirus. Pakati pa kuchuluka kwa matenda, makamaka kudutsa Sun Belt, komwe Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Mike Pence nthawi zambiri anakanidwa Ngakhale zikuchitika, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inanena kuti kuchuluka kwa matenda tsiku lililonse kwafika pa mbiri. 60,000. Arizona avareji ya masiku asanu ndi aลตiri yokha inafikira ya European Union, imene ili ndi anthu ochuluka kuลตirikiza ka 60.
Zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zinthu ziipireipire, mliriwu udayamba muutsogoleri wa a Donald J. Trump, yemwe kudzikonda kwake, kusaganiza bwino, kukana sayansi, komanso kusasamala kwafika pachimake ngakhale otsutsa ake ankhanza kwambiri sakanaganiza. Minofu yake, kuphatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi hydroxychloroquine, zitha kuwonedwa ngati zoseketsa ngati sizinali zowopsa, zolimbikitsa kuyesa koopsa, kwinaku akubala ziyembekezo zabodza.
Chitetezo chaumoyo wa anthu chomwe chimayenera kukhazikitsidwa koyambirira sichinanyalanyazidwe, koposa zonse kuyezetsa komanso kufufuza anthu omwe ali nawo. Kumapeto kwa Epulo, pomwe Purezidenti Trump adayamba adalira kuti "ndife opambana padziko lonse lapansi poyesa," a U.S. adasankha 22nd m'mayeso pa anthu 1,000 mu bungwe la mamembala 36 a Economic Cooperation and Development, kalabu yamayiko olemera padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuyesa mdziko lonse lapansi kudakwera kuchoka pa 250,000 patsiku koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka 571,574 pano, akadali pano. zosakwana theka nambala yofunikira kuti ayambe kutseka kachilomboka.
Powonetsa kuvala chigoba kukhala ochita bwino komanso olemekezeka, monga momwe amayandikira pafupi ndi iye anayesedwa, kunyoza kusamvana (kumbukirani msonkhano wake wosasamala ku Tulsa, Oklahoma, ndikuwonetsa chikondwerero chachinayi cha Julayi ku Mount Rushmore ku South Dakota), ndi kutsitsa chiwopsezo chachiwiri cha matenda, Purezidenti Trump wakhala vuto, osati yankho. Zingakhale zovuta kuganiza wotsogolera wocheperako yemwe angatsogolere dziko lino kuchoka ku tsoka la thanzi la anthu. Kuzungulira kwake kosatha, ma tweets, komanso kukwaniritsidwa kwake kokhudza "nkhani zabodza" sikungabise zodziwikiratu: kayendetsedwe kake ka mliriwu kwakhala kosokoneza.
Kusiyana kwa Vulnerability
Ndizofala kumva kuti tonse tagwidwa muvuto la Covid-19, kuti tonse ndife ozunzidwa. Popeza yafalikira m'dziko lonselo, ikuvutitsa anthu amitundu yonse, imayenereradi kukhala a national vuto lachitetezo, lingaliro lomwe, lankhondo kwa nthawi yayitali tsopano, likuwoneka ngati losamvetseka likagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mliriwu. Coronavirus, inde, ilibe akasinja, kapena zoponya, kapena mabomba apamsewu, ndipo izi zingathandize kufotokoza kulephera kwakukulu kwa boma kukonza ndi kukhala nazo.
Komabe, yang'anani mozama njira yowononga ya Covid-19 ndipo muwona kuti yakhala yosankha kwambiri pakuvutika komwe kudayambitsa komanso miyoyo yomwe idatenga. Zosinthidwa zaka, kufa pa 100,000 kwakhala kokulirapo kwa aku Africa America, Hispanic-Latinx, ndi Native Americans kuposa azungu azaka zonse, monga tafotokozera. kafukufuku wonetsani: kwa Akuda, nthawi 3.6 kukwezeka ndi kwa Hispanic-Latinx, nthawi 2.5. Kusiyanitsa kumakhala kokulirapo pamene kufananiza kumapangidwa ndi magulu azaka. Momwemo chipatala mitengo: 40.1/100,000 ya azungu, 160.7 ya Hispanic-Latinx, 178.1 ya African American, ndi 221.2 yochuluka ya Amwenye Achimereka.
Kuphatikiza apo, malo omwe ali ndi kusalingana kwachuma kwambiri amakhala ndi ziwopsezo zakufa kwambiri. New York State, yomwe imaposa anzawo pakusiyana kwa ndalama, yakhala ndi chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa Covid-19. nthawi 125 ya Utah, yomwe ili ndi kusiyana kochepa. M'matawuni akuluakulu ngati Los Angeles, New Yorkndipo Chicago, kumene chiwerengero cha matenda chakhala chokwera kwambiri, chiwerengero cha imfa chakhala chokwera kwambiri m'madera omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa. Anthu okhala m'madera otere, ambiri a iwo ang'onoang'ono, sakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi inshuwaransi yazaumoyo kapena mwayi wopeza chithandizo chabwino chamankhwala ndipo amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi matenda am'mapapo monga mphumu, mwa zina chifukwa mpweya m'madera awo umakonda kukhala. zambiri zoipitsidwa. Anthu osauka alinso ndi mwayi wochepa wopulumuka Covid-19 chifukwa khalidwe chisamaliro m'zipatala chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi chuma cha madera omwe alimo.
Ziwerengero zazachuma m'dziko zimathandizira kuwunikira zovuta za Covid-19. Makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi pa zana mwa omwe achotsedwa ntchito kuyambira mwezi wa Marichi amapeza ndalama zosakwana $40,000 pachaka poyerekeza ndi 19% ya omwe amapeza $100,000 kapena kuposa. Kuphatikiza apo, kulumikizana ndi anthu kumagwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe ntchito zawo zitha kuchitidwa kunyumba, koma oyendetsa mabasi, ma cabi, osungira, onyamula nyama, osamalira, ometa tsitsi, ogwira ntchito m'mafamu, othandizira kunyumba, ndi zina zotere sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito Zoom kuti adzilekanitse. malo antchito. Ngati simukuyenera kugwira ntchito pamalowo (ndipo mutha kugulira zogulira pakhomo panu), mosakayika muli pamwamba pa makwerero opeza ndalama. Pafupifupi 62% ya omwe amapeza ndalama 75% amatha kugwira ntchito kunyumba poyerekeza mpaka 9.2% mwa omwe ali mu 25th percentile. Pali motengera mtundu kusiyana komanso: 37% ya ku Asia America ndi 30% ya azungu amatha kugwira ntchito kunyumba motsutsana ndi 19.7% ya African American ndi 16.2% ya Hispanic-Latinx.
Ndiye pali zaka. CDC ikunena kuti 80% mwa omwe adamwalira ndi Covid-19 ku United States anali 65 kapena kupitilira apo. Matendawa awononga makamaka okalamba m'nyumba zosungira anthu okalamba (komanso ogwira nawo ntchito), kuwerengera pafupifupi 43% za kufa kwa dziko lonse chifukwa cha kachilomboka.
Zotsatira zake: Ngati ndinu okalamba, osauka, komanso African American kapena Hispanic-Latinx, mwayi wanu wotenga matenda ndiwokwera kwambiri ndipo mwayi wanu wopulumuka ndi wotsika kwambiri. Kotero, ayi, ife sizili kwenikweni zonsezi pamodzi, makamaka popeza si aliyense amene angatengepo njira zodzitetezera, ayi mamiliyoni awiri Anthu aku America omwe alibe ngakhale madzi kunyumba ndipo sangathe kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse, osasiyapo a Navajo, 30% omwe ayenera pagalimoto ola limodzi kapena kuposerapo kukatunga madzi. Covid-19, china chilichonse koma osawona mtundu komanso kalasi, wagunda kwambiri anthu aku America omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri.
Kuwononga Osowa Pokhala
Mwa iwo omwe amapanikizidwa kwambiri kuti apewe matenda ndi kufa ndi anthu omwe amagona m'malo otetezedwa, mumsewu, m'nyumba zopanda anthu, m'magalimoto apansi panthaka, kapena - ndipo mwina ndi "amwayi" - m'magalimoto awo. Osowa pokhala samapeza nkhani zambiri zokhudzana ndi Covid-19, mwa zina chifukwa ndi anthu ochepa (0.2%) ndipo alibe mawu ofunikira pazandale: simupeza olandirira anthu okwera mtengo kuwagwirira ntchito ku Washington. Sangathe ngakhale kutenga njira zodzitetezera zomwe zimalangizidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala, pobisalira m'malo mwake. Kuti muchite izi, mukufunikira malo odalirika, omwe osowa pokhala, mwa kutanthauzira, akusowa.
Ngati mumakhala mumzinda waukulu, simungaphonye anthu opanda pokhala, ndipo mosakayikira mumadziwa miyambo ya anthu odutsa. Ena amangoyendabe, mwina mofulumira pangโono; ena amayangโana kwa anthu opanda pokhala koma amanyalanyaza, kapena amadziyerekezera kuti sakumva, pempho lawo lopempha thandizo. Ena amawapatsa ndalama kapena chakudya nthaลตi ndi nthaลตi, podziลตa kuti kuchita zimenezo nโkumenya mbama pabala lalikulu. Ngakhale iwo omwe amawona osowa pokhala tsiku ndi tsiku samadziwa zambiri za iwo - omwe iwo ali, momwe adakhalira pamsewu, momwe angakhalire ndi moyo - komanso zochepa za osowa pokhala omwe, atapeza malo ogona, ali kunja. wa kuwona.
Ngakhale kuti ziลตerengero sizingaloลตe mโmalo mwa kusoลตa chidziลตitso kumeneku, zingatithandize kuzindikira ukulu ndi mkhalidwe wa kusowa pokhala. Malinga ndi dipatimenti yowona za Nyumba ndi Kukula Kwa Mizinda (HUD), usiku uliwonse mu Januware 2019, 560,715 anthu analibe pokhala. Pafupifupi magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse ankakhala mโmisasa. Ena onse ankagona kulikonse kumene akanatha, nthaลตi zambiri mโnjira, akudalira, ngati mโmalo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, pamagalasi a nthunzi kuti atenthedwe. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a iwo adawerengedwa "kusowa pokhala,โ zomwe, mwa tanthauzo HUD yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2015, idatanthawuza kuti "adakhala m'malo osakhalamo anthu, malo otetezeka, kapena malo obisalamo mwadzidzidzi" kwa miyezi 12 ikuyenda kapena kuchuluka kwa zaka zitatu. Kuyambira 2007, pamene kusonkhanitsa deta kunayamba, kusowa pokhala kunachepa 12% mpaka 2018-2019 pomwe idakwera 3%, makamaka chifukwa cha kulumpha kwa 16% ku California. Kuwonongeka kwachuma komwe kunachitika ndi Covid-19, komabe, kuwonetsetsa kuti mtsogolo zichuluke.
Maiko anayi okha - California, Florida, New York, ndi Texas - ali ndi pafupifupi theka la osowa pokhala. Onjezani Massachusetts, Oregon, Pennsylvania, ndi Washington, ndipo mudzagunda magawo awiri pa atatu. Ambiri aiwo amakhala m'matauni akuluakulu, ndi zisanu - New York County, Los Angeles County, Seattle/King County, San Jose/Santa Clara County, ndi San Diego County - akuwerengera 29% ya anthu opanda pokhala m'dziko lonselo. Mizinda yambiri (yotsika, Washington, D.C., Boston, ndi New York) ili ndi kusowa pokhala. mlingo kuลตirikiza kasanu ndi chiลตerengero cha dziko lonse cha 17 pa 10,000, ndipo San Francisco anapulumuka movutirapo pamndandanda wa mbiri yoipa imeneyi.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kusowa pokhala kulipo m'maboma aliwonse, komanso m'madera akumidzi ndi kumidzi, m'malo mokhazikika - ndipo ndendeyi ndi yamtundu, osati malo okha. Azungu amakhala 76% ya anthu aku America koma 49% okha alibe pokhala. Kwa aku America aku America, ziwerengero zofananira ndi 13% ndi 40%, kwa Aspanic-Latinx Achimerika 18% ndi 21%. Amwenye Achimereka Achimereka ndi Amwenye a ku Alaska, 1.2 peresenti yokha ya anthu, amapanga pafupifupi 9% anthu onse opanda pokhala. Kusowa pokhala mlingo ndi zokhota mofananamo: 66.7 pa 10,000 kwa Amwenye Achimereka ndi Amwenye a ku Alaska, 55 kwa Afirika Achimereka, 21.7 kwa Hispanic/Latinx, 11.5 kwa azungu, ndi 4 kwa Achimereka Achimereka.
Covid-19 ndi Osowa Nyumba
Kuyambira pachiyambi, osowa pokhala anali m'gulu lamagulu omwe akuwopsezedwa kwambiri ndi coronavirus. Poyerekeza ndi akuluakulu ena, kutali gawo lapamwamba mwa iwo ali ndi matenda opuma kapena amtima, omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka ndikuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi moyo. Chifukwa cha kutha kwa thupi ndi kungโambika chifukwa cha kutenthedwa ndi nyengo, kusadya bwino ndi ukhondo, ndi kupsyinjika kwa moyo wa mโmisewu kapena mโnyumba zogona (poopa kuberedwa kapena kumenyedwa), mkhalidwe wa thanzi lawo umafanana ndi wa anthu amene ali ndi vuto. zaka makumi awiri wamkulu. Komanso, a Akuti Anthu 38 pa 26 alionse osowa pokhala amamwa mowa ndipo XNUMX pa XNUMX alionse amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo akhoza, ndithudi, kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuyika anthu opanda pokhala pamavuto enanso poteteza kachilomboka.
Akatswiri ena amanena kuti matenda ndi imfa pakati pa osowa pokhala zatero ananama zolosera zoyipa. Komabe, pofika pakati pa Meyi, chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa Covid-19 ku New York City chidafika 187/100,00. Komabe, mโmalo okhala anthu opanda pokhala mumzindawo, anali 291/100,000, kapena 56% apamwamba. A CDC kuphunzira Nkhani za Marichi ndi Epulo zidapeza kuti ku Boston, San Francisco, ndi Seattle, 25% ya okhalamo ndi 11% ya ogwira ntchito m'malo osowa pokhala adapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilomboka.
Izi siziyenera kudabwitsa. Kupatula apo, kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi, movutirapo kwa osowa pokhala omwe sakhala m'malo obisalamo, kudakhaladi makamaka pamene mabafa m'malo monga malaibulale, malo odyera, ndi malo okwerera mabasi sadapezeke pomwe mliri udayamba. Zotsukira m'manja zimatha, zachidziwikire, m'malo mwa madzi, koma osati ngati mulibe ndalama zokwanira kuti muzidya pafupipafupi, makamaka kugula zinthu zotere. Kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe kumapanga chotchinga chowonjezera cha kudziteteza monga za 25% a osowa pokhala - maphunziro ena lipoti ngakhale okwera kwambiri - amadwala matenda amisala komanso osakwana theka kulandira chithandizo chilichonse.
Kuyezetsa ndi kufufuza anthu omwe ali nawo kuchepa Kachilomboka kafalikira kwambiri m'maiko angapo, koma poganizira momwe US โโidakhalira kumbuyo kwawoko, mutha kubetcha kuti osowa pokhala sanali paliponse pafupi ndi mutu wa mzerewo. Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri mwa mabungwe omwe amawasamalira kusowa ndalama, zida, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zoteteza, ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino (kudalira momwe amachitira nthawi zambiri odzipereka) yofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeserera yoyeserera. Kutentha thupi ndi kutsokomola zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zolembera poyesa kuyambika kwa mliri, kotero iwo omwe ali m'malo obisala omwe sanawonetse chizindikiro koma adatenga kachilomboka adapatsira ena mosazindikira. Munthu m'modzi m'malo otetezedwa ku San Francisco, mwachitsanzo, kachilombo 90 okhala nawo limodzi ndi antchito 10 asanamuyese.
N'zosadabwitsa kuti osowa pokhala sanathamangire kumalo osungirako m'miyezi iyi, atakhumudwa ndi nkhani yakuti coronavirus inali nayo. anagunda m'malo ovuta kwambiri omwe anthu ankadzazana pamodzi ndi kugona moyandikana, nthawi zambiri m'mabedi. Mwayi wozemba Covid-19 umawoneka bwino kunjako.
Komanso, matenda atachuluka, malo ambiri ogona analowamo mode mwadzidzidzi. Kuti akwaniritse udindo wokhudzana ndi anthu komanso kupanga malo olekanitsa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, adaletsa kuvomerezedwa kwatsopano kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amakhala nawo. Ena mpaka anatseka. Anthu ofunafuna mabedi adakumana ndi mindandanda yayitali yodikirira. Pakadali pano, mizinda, yomwe ili kale ndi vuto lazachuma chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma, anakwiya kuti agone mโmahotela, mโmalo amisonkhano, ngakhalenso mโnyumba Ma RV, pamene malo obisalamo anachotsa anthu, kuwasiya akudzisamalira okha. M'malo ngati San Francisco Chifundo chigawo (chodzaza kale ndi anthu opanda pokhala), amagona mโmisewu kapena mโmahema osakhalitsa, amene kuwonjezeka pafupifupi katatu mu mzinda wonse. Posapita nthaลตi, mizinda inadzala ndi ndalama zambiri, kasamalidwe ka zinthu, ndiponso kusowa kwa malo. Chinali chinthu china kwa mameya kuumirira kuti osowa pokhala atetezedwe, chinanso kutsata ndalama zogulira zipinda zamahotelo ndi zinthu zofunikira m'malo opangira nyumba zawo, osanenanso za oyang'anira ndi chitetezo.
Kodi Zingaipire Kulikonse?
Mavuto azachuma a Covid-19 apangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuthana ndi kusowa pokhala, makamaka ngati ziwerengero zikukwera chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ulova. Kutayika kwa ntchito mdziko muno kwachitika kale Akuti mpaka 40 miliyoni ndipo, ngakhale kugwa kwa chiwopsezo cha kusowa kwa ntchito kwa Juni, kufalikira kwa kachilomboka m'malo ambiri mdziko muno kupangitsa kuti zinthu ziipireipire. Wina miliyoni 10 ogwira ntchito awona nthawi yawo yogwira ntchito kapena kuchepetsedwa malipiro. Ikani zonse pamodzi - osagwira ntchito, omwe malipiro awo adachepetsedwa, ndi omwe adangosiya kufunafuna ntchito - ndipo chiwerengero chenicheni cha kusowa kwa ntchito kwa May chinafika monga 21%. Mosadabwitsa m'mikhalidwe yotereyi, mu June, 20% ya obwereketsa ndi 18% a eni nyumba sakanatha kubweza kapena kubwereketsa nyumba. malipiro, pamene 10% yowonjezera m'gulu lirilonse likhoza kulipira gawo la zomwe iwo anali nazo. Omwe amalandila $24,000 kapena kuchepera anali ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri pomwe 20% aiwo amalephera kulipira ndipo 18% amangolipira pang'ono chabe.
Kunyanyala lendi zachuluka ndipo madera ambiri aletsa kuchotsedwa kwa omwe akutsalira pa lendi chifukwa cha miliri. Komabe ngakhale kuimitsidwa kotereku kutha kukulitsidwa, palibe chilichonse chokhazikika pa iwo. M'malo mwake, atha kale muzonse kapena magawo ambiri kuposa a khumi ndi awiri limati. Kudziko lonse, ochuluka monga miliyoni 23 obwereketsa atha kuyang'anizana ndi kuthamangitsidwa pamene kugwa kumayamba ndipo omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Congress idaphatikizanso thandizo lazachuma (kuphatikizanso kuchotsedwa kwa masiku 120) kwa obwereketsa ndi eni ake mu Marichi Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Security bill, koma malamulowo atha ntchito chilimwe chino ndipo a Senate Republican safuna kuthandizira kutsatira. bilu.
Bungwe la Federal Housing Finance Agency (Mtengo wa FHFA) ndi Federal Housing Administration (FHA) kukhala yoletsedwa kutsekedwa kwanyumba mpaka pa Ogasiti 31 pa ngongole zanyumba zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi iwo. Mayiko opitilira 30 aletsanso kusungitsa kulandidwa nyumba zotsutsa, ndi kuthamangitsidwa, eni ake omwe sanapereke ngongole yanyumba pazifukwa zokhudzana ndi Covid-19, ngakhale chakudya zimasiyana kwambiri ndi zolemba zambiri, ndipo si zonse zomwe zidzatha mpaka kumapeto kwa mliri wadzidzidzi. Kuyimitsidwa kotereku kukatha, obwereketsa ndi eni ake amakhala okonzeka kulipira ndalama zomwe zaphonya.
Pamodzi, kusowa kwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, kuchepetsa malipiro a omwe akugwirabe ntchito, ndi a kuchepa posungira ogwira ntchito otsika ndi 40% - zomwe zikuchitika mzaka makumi atatu zapitazi - zitha kuchulukitsa kusowa pokhala, makamaka ngati kuthamangitsidwa kwayamba. Katswiri wazachuma waku University of Columbia Brendan O'Flaherty, yemwe adagawana nane zambiri, akuyerekeza kuti kusokonekera kwachuma komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kachilomboka kungapangitse anthu osowa pokhala mpaka 800,000, chiwonjezeko cha 40% mpaka 45% kuyambira 2019.
Kusowa pokhala kungachuluke pazifukwa zosakhala zachuma komanso munthawi ya Covid-19. Tengani zomwe zachitika posachedwa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali m'ndende zaku America, imodzi mwa ndende zisanu malo otchuka kwambiri kwa inafikira wa kachilombo. Zigawo zitatu mwa akaidi ku Marion Correctional Institution ku Ohio, mwachitsanzo, adapezeka ndi matendawa. Kundende ya Cummins ku Arkansas, 891 akaidi ndipo antchito 65 adapezeka ndi kachilomboka. Kuyambira pakati pa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni mokha, matenda kundende zaku US adachulukana mpaka kufika pachiwopsezo 68,000, pomwe imfa idakwera ndi 73% mpaka 616 ndipo anali atafika 651 pofika Julayi.
Pothamangira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu, ndende ndi ndende zidayamba kumasula magulu ena a akaidi, ngakhale mdziko muno. miliyoni 2.1 akaidi, pafupifupi 20,000 amasulidwa mpaka pano, a ambiri kuchokera kundende zakomweko. Kumbukirani kuti anthu omwe akuchoka kundende amavutika kupeza ntchito munthawi yabwino kwambiri, kotero ena mwa omwe amamasulidwa kuti athane ndi mliriwu mosakayikira adzapeza kuti ali paumphawi komanso alibe pokhala. Ngakhale panthawi yomwe mliri usanachitike, akaidi akale anali ndi mwayi wosowa pokhala kuposa anthu ena aku America ndipo, malinga ndi 10. phunziro ndi Texas Criminal Justice Coalition, ambiri mwa iwo amakhala m'malo opanda pokhala atangomaliza kumangidwa.
Mwachidule, pamene coronavirus ikukulirakulira, dziko lino silinakonzekere kuthana ndi vuto la kusowa pokhala, osasiyapo kuthandiza omwe alibe pokhala. Mliriwu udachulukitsa kwambiri kuchepa kwa federal. Ofesi ya Congressional Budget ikukonzekera kuti ifike $ 3.7 zankhaninkhani, mโchaka chandalama chino, pamene kuyerekezera kwina kumapita mokulira $ 4.3 zankhaninkhani,. Pakadali pano, popanda kupatula, limati kutsika kwakukulu kwa ndalama.
N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti ngakhale vuto la osowa pokhala likuipiraipira ndipo chiwerengero chawo chikukwera kwambiri, sichidzalembetsanso m'makonde amphamvu. Osowa pokhala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka anthu ndipo alibe mphamvu pazandale. Andale amatha kuwanyalanyaza, makamaka chifukwa amadziwa kuti ovota ambiri amatero komanso kuti atolankhani amafotokoza zakusowa pokhala nthawi ndi nthawi. Osowa pokhala, anthu onse otayika koma osawoneka, akhoza kuyembekezera pang'ono panthawi yomwe adzafunikira chithandizo chochulukirapo kuposa kale.
Rajan Menon, a TomDispatch zonse, ndi Anne ndi Bernard Spitzer Pulofesa wa International Relations ku Powell School, City College of New York, wofufuza wamkulu pa Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies ya Columbia University, ndi munthu yemwe sali wokhala ku Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft. Buku lake laposachedwa ndilo Malingaliro Othandizira Anthu.
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