Ndiye George Bush Jnr tsopano ndi katswiri pa League of Nations, sichoncho? Ku America konse, wakhala akuuza anthu kuti United Nations ili pachiwopsezo chofanana ndi gulu lakale la Nkhondo Yadziko Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse. "Sitolo yolankhula" ndi momwe wakhala akunena za League. Kodi akanayang'ana buku la mbiriyakale mobwerezabwereza. Angapeze kuti Chigwirizanocho chinalephera dziko lonse chifukwa cha kusuliza kumodzimodziko ndi kunyalanyaza makhalidwe abwino kochitidwa ndi maulamuliro aakulu amene United States akusonyeza lerolino.
League inakhazikitsidwa pambuyo pa nkhondo ya 1914-18. Purezidenti Woodrow Wilson waku US anali m'modzi mwa azamba ake. Ankafuna kuteteza ufulu wa anthu ochepa, kupereka ufulu kwa anthu. “Mfundo 14” zake zinali chilimbikitso kwa mitundu yonse ya dziko lapansi. Anafuna dongosolo latsopano la mayiko –mithunzi ya George Bush Snr– ndi kufanana kwa mayiko. “Europe ikuthetsedwa,” analengeza motero General Smuts mu 1918, “ndipo bungwe la League of Nations liyenera kukhala loloŵa m’malo aakulu ameneŵa.”
Ndipo chotero inakhala Poland yatsopano, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Ulaya woumbidwanso ndipo, ndithudi, Middle East watsopano. Dziko lamakono la Iraq (Purezidenti Bush, chonde dziwani) adayambitsa bungwe la League, lomwe mphamvu zake za Britain ndi France zinatipatsa ife zabwino kapena zoipa –mwina zoyipitsitsa – Palestine ndi Syria ndi Lebanon. Ena ankafunanso mayiko. A Kurds ankafuna boma. Anthu a ku Armenia ankafuna kuti anthu a ku Turkey asinthe n’kuyamba kupha anthu a ku Turkey n’kubwerera kwawo.
Koma Purezidenti Wilson adadwala. US Congress idakana kulowa nawo League ndipo US idatembenukira ku kudzipatula komwe ikanangoyendetsedwa pambuyo pa Pearl Harbor – ndipo pambuyo (Purezidenti Bush, chonde dziwaninso) zaka ziwiri zopindulitsa kwambiri zankhondo zosalowerera ndale. Anthu a ku America sankafuna mbali ya League. Ulamuliro wamphamvu wam’tsogolo, umene chisonkhezero chake cha mtendere chikanakhala chopindulitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi –ndipo mphamvu zake zachuma ndi zankhondo zomwe kukula kwake zikanapangitsa Hitler kukonzanso mapulani ake– anakana Chigwirizano. A Kurds alibe boma. Anthu a ku Armenia sanapite kwawo.
Maulamuliro ena akuluakulu adalowa mu League. A French ankafuna kuti ikhale yamphamvu, kukhala ndi gulu lankhondo la mayiko osiyanasiyana – osati mosiyana ndi asilikali amakono a UN osunga mtendere - koma a British, omwe ankafuna kukhalabe mphamvu yoyamba yapadziko lonse, anakana lingalirolo. Chiyeso chenicheni choyamba chinachokera ku Japan. Mdani wathu wamtsogolo wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse adapereka gawo mu pangano la League lomwe likuphatikiza lingaliro la kufanana kwamitundu. Mlangizi wake wa Wilson – kwa aku America anali ofunitsitsa kulowa nawo League panthawiyo - adakana lingalirolo. “Zidzadzutsa nkhani ya mpikisano wa mafuko padziko lonse lapansi,” analemba motero.
Pamapeto pake, nkhani ya "mpikisano" inangololedwa kulowerera pamene League inkafuna kuti anthu ang'onoang'ono atetezedwe m'madera ang'onoang'ono ndi atsopano omwe adapangidwa pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Ochepa ku Poland ndi Czechoslovakia adayang'aniridwa ndi League. Maiko akuluakulu sanade nkhawa ndi makonzedwe oterowo. Chifukwa chake pamene Hitler adayamba kuzunza Ayuda aku Germany pambuyo pa 1933, League idasowa mphamvu. Mu 1923 – popanda thandizo la Britain kwa gulu lankhondo la League– Afalansa analanda dziko la Rhineland kukakamiza Germany kulipira malipiro ankhondo. Chotero mayiko paokha anayamba kunyalanyaza League. Kuukira kwa Italy ku Abyssinia mu 1935 ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni yaku Spain yomwe idayamba mu 1936 zidatsimikizira kukhala zopanda pake. Pansi pa Hitler – amene ndithudi sanali wokondweretsedwa ndi “kufanana kwa mayiko” – Germany anasiya Chigwirizano. A Soviet, modabwitsa, anapitirizabe kuchirikiza. Zilango ku Spain sizinathe nkhondo yawo yapachiweniweni. Amereka anakhala kunja kwa izo.
Mayiko ang'onoang'ono anayesa kukopa zimphonazo. Pamene anali pulezidenti wa bungwe la League’s Council – wotsogolera bungwe lathu lamakono la Security Council– Eamon de Valera wa ku Ireland anapereka lingaliro la gulu lankhondo la League la mayiko osiyanasiyana kuti aletse ziwawa za Italy mu 1935. Anali wokonzeka kupereka gulu lake lankhondo latsopano komanso laling'ono la ku Ireland ku ntchito yotereyi. Maulamuliro akuluakulu analibe chidwi. “Sitinathe kukhotetsa chifuno chathu chofuna kudzimana pamene zisemphana ndi chilungamo kwa ena,” de Valera anadandaula pambuyo pake. Pofika m'chaka cha 1939, anali kunena molondola za League kuti "zinyalala".
Tsopano Bush Jnr akutanthauza kuti UN idzakhalanso zinyalala ngati sichidzatsatira zofuna za America kuti ziwononge Iraq. Akufuna kuti agwiritse ntchito pulojekiti yake ya "kusintha kwaulamuliro" - zomwe zidzasintha mapu a Middle East, kupanga mafunde a mafuta ochuluka kwa makampani a US ndikuchepetsa adani a Israeli kukhala opanda mphamvu. Tikuyenera kukhulupirira kuti izi ndi za zida zowononga anthu ambiri - ndikuiwala kuti US idagulitsa poizoni wa botulinum, anthrax ndi vial of West Nile virus ku Iraq pakati pa 1985 ndi 1989. Nthawi zambiri, Iraq inali kumenyana ndi Iran . €“nkhondo yomwe UN idayesa kuyithetsa.
Nanga ndichifukwa chiyani Saddam ayenera kulemekeza UN? Chifukwa chiyani, Israeli ikanyalanyaza zigamulo za Security Council - ngakhale lero - Iraq iyenera kusewera ndi bukhuli? Anthu aku America samasamalanso za kulephera kwa Israeli kutsatira zigamulo za UN kuposa momwe Germany idasamalirira League pamene idalowanso ku Rhineland, kapena pamene Italy idalanda Abyssinia. Ndi maulamuliro akuluakulu omwe amalamulira UN ndipo adzaigwiritsa ntchito kapena kuigwiritsa ntchito molakwika momwe angafunire. Munjira yodabwitsa, olamulira a US – omwe kwa zaka zambiri adalephera kulipira ngongole zake ku bungwe ladziko lonse lapansi - ali oyenera kukweza mzimu wa League. Pakuti kunali kusuliza ndi kudzikuza kwa maulamuliro aakulu amene anawononga ilo – monga momwe Amereka angawonongere UN lero.
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