Pa Juni 20, Khonsolo ya Mzinda wa Oregon ku Portland idavota mogwirizana kuti ivomereze bajeti yomwe inali imodzi mwazitsanzo zomwe zatsutsidwa kwambiri pokumbukira zaposachedwa.
Masabata angapo m'mbuyomo, povota kuti avomereze ndondomeko ya bajetiyi pa May 29, chiwonetsero chokhazikika cha City Council cha mgwirizano chinasweka pamene Commissioner Amanda Fritz adavota "Ayi." (Zambiri pa voti yake pambuyo pake). Komabe, pofika voti yomaliza ya bajeti Lachinayi lapitalo adakakamizika kusintha malingaliro ake.
Kodi bajeti ya 2013 yayenda bwanji? Pamene ndondomeko ya Bajeti ya Portland inayamba miyezi ingapo yapitayo, Meya wosankhidwa kumene Charlie Hales adalengeza kuperewera kwa $ 25 miliyoni mu General Fund ya mzindawu. Bungwe lililonse lidauzidwa kuti lipereke ndalama zochepetsera 10 peresenti, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutsimikiza mtima kwa Hales kuyang'anira kuchotsedwa kwa anthu ambiri ndikudula kapena kuthetsa mapulogalamu ofunikira omwe ambiri a Portlanders adalira.
Kuchepetsa kwaposachedwa kumeneku kunalonjeza kuti kudzakhala koipitsitsa kwambiri pazaka zingapo zotsatizana za njira zochepetsera ndalama. Nthawi zonse akuluakulu a mzindawo amauza anthu kuti kudzipereka kwakanthawi kochepa kuyenera kuperekedwa tsopano kuti chuma chisinthe mawa. Nthawi iliyonse panalibe kutembenuka ndipo mabala ambiri anali, mwachiwonekere, anagulitsidwa chaka chamawa ngakhale mbiri ya "tonic" yazachuma iyi.
Timati "mosayembekezereka" chifukwa simungathe kumanga mzinda pomwe mukuphwanya ntchito za anthu ammudzi komanso chitetezo cha anthu. Ntchito iliyonse ikatayika ndipo kudulidwa kulikonse kumabweretsa ndalama zochepa kuti anthu agwiritse ntchito chuma. Popanda ogula ogula bwino palibe chuma chomwe chingathe kudzichotsa pavuto lomwe takhala tikuvutika nalo kuyambira 2008. Chotsatira chake, chaka chilichonse kudulidwa ku Portland ndi kwina kulikonse kumawononga chiyembekezo cha kuchira ndikuthandizira kutsika.
Akuluakulu a ndale akupitirizabe kukakamiza njira iyi, mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira zake, chifukwa ali ndi chiwopsezo cha imfa pa "logic" yomwe yatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi yolakwika muzochitika zachuma ndi zochitika. Ngati malingaliro awo amisala - akuti njira yobwerera kuchira idapangidwa ndi mfundo zomwe zimalemeretsa mabizinesi olemera ndi akulu, pomwe kugwetsa mapulogalamu omwe amakwaniritsa zosowa za anthu - anali owona, ndiye tikadakhala kuti tawona kuchira kwenikweni. "Kukonza" bajeti ya akuluakulu awa kumachita zosiyana, kukulitsa mavuto azachuma komanso kusalingana.
Uku ndiko kulakwitsa kwa "austerity." Ndipo umboni ndi wochuluka. M'mayiko onse a ku Ulaya, mayiko omwe ali ndi vuto la zachuma abwera chifukwa chodzipereka mwachisawawa kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zochepetsera ndalama.
Ndiye ndi chiyani chomwe chinagwira ntchito ku Portland kuti zinthu ziyende bwino? Poyamba, Meya Hales ndi kufunafuna chuma kwa City Council kudakumana ndi kutsanulidwa kwachitsutso pamisonkhano yamagulu aboma. Kukanizako kudafika pachimake pa Epulo 11 pomwe opitilira 400 omwe adachita ziwonetsero adadabwitsa Khonsolo ya Mzinda ndikudzaza antchito awo. Opezekapo anali mamembala a Metropolitan Youth Commission, Laborers International Local 483, Portland Community College, Friends of Trees, Portland Safety Net, SUN Schools, Eastside Action Plan, Elders in Action, AFSCME Local 189, ndi ena ambiri. Iwo anadabwitsa City Council ndi maumboni okhudza mtima komanso nthawi zina otsutsana. Ambiri ovala zovala zofiira kusonyeza mgwirizano ndipo anali ndi zizindikiro zambiri zotetezera mapulogalamu omwe akuwopsezedwa.
Opezekanso anali mamembala a Jobs with Justice, People's Budget Project, ndi Solidarity Against Austerity. Maguluwa adawona kumvetsera ngati mwayi woti ayambe kumanga mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito ku Portland kuti atsutsane ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zonse ndikutsutsa kukana kwa City Council kukambirana njira zina zochepetsera ndalama. Iwo anaika chikwangwani pamwamba pa chitseko cha msonkhano chomwe chinalembedwa kuti “COMMUNITIES UNITED TO STY CTS,” ndipo anapereka mazana a zomata ndi zikwangwani zokhala ndi uthengawu komanso “KUWEZANI NDALAMA – OSATI KUSOWA NTCHITO.” M'maumboni awo nthawi zambiri amatembenukira kuti alankhule ndi omvera, akutsutsa chifukwa chake kudulako kuli kowononga komanso kosafunikira, ponena kuti ndalamazo zikhoza kupezeka m'manja mwa 1%, ndikufotokozera momwe Khonsolo ya Mzinda ingagwiritsire ntchito ndalamazi potumikira midzi ya Portland. .
Mamembala a khonsoloyi adawonekeratu kuti sanasangalale kuwona anthu omwe adasonkhana akuyankha mwaunyinji pempho la omenyera ufuluwo kuti aimirire kapena kukweza manja ndi zikwangwani zotsutsana ndi machekawo. Panali thandizo la mawu kuchokera kwa omvera, ndi kutsutsa kwakukulu pamene City Council inayesa kuthetsa umboni wotsutsa-austerity. Ochitira umboni adalankhulanso za momwe tingakhalire ndi mphamvu zambiri ngati tigwirizana motsutsana ndi mabala onse m'malo mochonderera a City Council kuti asadule mapulogalamu. Mosiyana ndi zokambirana zam'mbuyomu za bajeti, zomwe zinachitika pa Epulo 11 zidakhala ngati ziwonetsero zowopsa.
Ndipo zionetserozi zidakhudza. Khonsolo ya Mzindayo inayenera kusintha kachitidwe kawo. Misonkhano inanso iwiri yapagulu idawonjezedwa ku yomwe idakonzedwa kale. Zinalengezedwa kuti kuchepa kwa General Fund tsopano kwachepetsedwa kukhala $ 21.5 miliyoni osati $ 25 miliyoni. Akuluakulu a mzinda anayamba "kupeza" ndalama za mapulogalamu ena otchuka pa chipika chodula.
Komabe, kutsutsa njira zochepetsera mphamvu za City Council kunapitilirabe pamsonkhano wotsatira wa bajeti ya anthu pa Meyi 16. Patsogolo pake, pamsonkhano wa atolankhani kunja kwa City Hall, ozimitsa moto adayimilira limodzi ndi oyimira nyumba ochokera ku Right 2 Survive, ogwira ntchito mumzinda wa AFSCME 189 , ndi ogwira ntchito zachitukuko ankaganizira kwambiri za kuchitira anthu ozunzidwa, osafuna kuti achepetse ntchito zawo. Msonkhano wa atolankhani unatsagana ndi zisudzo za mumsewu, chopereka cha pie komanso chikwangwani chonena kuti "Bake a Bigger Pie!" - ponena za kufunikira kokweza ndalama popereka msonkho kwa olemera ndi mabungwe akuluakulu, omwe pakali pano akupatsidwa misonkho yayikulu m'malo molipira gawo lawo loyenera.
Pafupifupi ola limodzi lisanayambe kumvetsera bajeti, meya adalengeza kuti akonza njira zatsopano zochepetsera mabala pogwira ntchito ndi boma la Multnomah County. Mapulogalamu ambiri anali ndi ndalama zawo zobwezeredwa pang'ono kuchokera ku zochepetsera zomwe amayembekezera. Masukulu ammudzi a SUN, malo ochitira nkhanza zapakhomo ndi pulogalamu yosinthira singano adapatsidwa mwayi - kwa chaka chino osachepera.
Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Kukadapanda kutsanulidwa kwa chitsutso pa Epulo 11, kuphatikiza ndi zofuna za njira ina yochepetsera ndalama, Khonsolo ya Mzindayo sikanakakamizika "kupeza" magwero owonjezera andalama.
Results
Izi sizinali zomwe Meya Hales amafuna, koma kutsutsidwa ndi anthu kumamukakamiza kuti azitha kusintha. Komabe, tidatsalabe ndi bajeti yocheperako. Ofesi ya Healthy Working Rivers yapita. Ozimitsa moto ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza akuchotsedwa ntchito. Padzakhala zosachepera $100,000 zocheperako kwa anthu opanda pokhala; $200,000 idzadulidwa kuchokera ku Friends of Trees; $50,000 idzadulidwa kuchokera ku mapulogalamu a Hillsdale ndi Alberta Street. Janus Youth, yemwe amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi anthu omwe akuberedwa, adulidwa 25 peresenti. Awa ndi ena mwa mapulogalamu omwe sanapezekepo ndalama zambiri omwe akuchita bwino kwambiri.
Boma la mzinda wa Portland lalengeza kuti pangoperekedwa masilipi apinki 26 okha chifukwa chodulidwa. Komabe, ntchito zosachepera 142 zatsala pang'ono kuchotsedwa, ambiri amakhala malo opanda anthu komanso mwayi watsopano womwe umabwera chifukwa chopuma msanga. Izi ndi ntchito zomwe ziyenera kudzazidwa, osati kutha. Mzere wa City Council woti pangoperekedwa masilipi apinki okwana 26 okha ndi kuyesa kubisa kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali komwe mabala awo angawononge madera athu.
Bungwe la City Council silinaganizire n’komwe zopezera ndalama kuchokera kwa anthu olemera ndi mabungwe amene angakwanitse kupeza misonkho yokwera mosavuta. Izi ndi zochititsa manyazi kwambiri chifukwa chuma chawo chikukulirakulirabe pomwe ena onse akutha. Popanda misonkho yopita patsogolo, mabungwe akulu ndi olemera apitiliza kubweza gawo lonyansa pazachuma zilizonse zomwe zakhala zikuyenda bwino m'nthawi yamavuto, ndipo Portland mosakayikira idzakumana ndi zochepetsera zina chaka chamawa.
Mavuto ena ozama kwambiri adawonekera mu ndondomeko ya bajetiyi. Gulu lopanda phindu la US Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) lapereka bajeti ya Portland D- chifukwa chosawonekera. Ngakhale a City Commissioner sakudziwa bwino za bajeti, monga momwe Commissioner Dan Saltzman adanena za ndalama zomwe zapezeka kumene, "Ndili wokondwa kuti zinthu izi zidawonjezedwa, koma sindikudziwa kuti ndalama zonsezo zidachokera kuti. ."
Kusowa poyera kumawonekera makamaka pankhani ya bajeti ya Portland Internal Service Funds (ISF). Momwe thumba limagwirira ntchito ndikuti maofesi amzindawu amalipidwa pazinthu zingapo zoyang'anira zomwe zimaperekedwa pakati, monga malo, zombo, kusindikiza, chithandizo cha IT, inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ya ogwira ntchito, mangawa, ma comp, ndi zosowa zamalamulo. Imakhazikitsidwa ngati thumba la ndalama zotulutsiramo ndalama, motero liyenera kukhala lofanana ndi ndalama zomwezo chaka chilichonse. Komabe, thumba ili lakula kuchoka pa $68.8 miliyoni zaka zisanu zapitazo kufika pa $106.7 miliyoni lero.
Malinga ndi zikalata za Mzinda womwewo, Internal Service Funds ndi yopanda malire ndipo ilipo pazifukwa zilizonse zalamulo. Otsutsa austerity adanena kuti ndalama zokwana madola 21.5 miliyoni mu General Fund zikhoza kudzazidwa ndi kusamutsa ndalama kuchokera ku ISF. Njira yadzidzidzi yanthawi imodziyi itha kukonza vuto lomwe likubwera posachedwa ndikupatsa Khonsolo ya Mzinda nthawi yopanga njira zopezera ndalama. Komabe pamisonkhano yomaliza ya bajeti ya anthu, a City Council adalengeza kuti ISF sinali "yopanda malire" monga momwe amaganizira. Zifukwa za kukula kwa ISF, ndi mapulogalamu ati omwe amapereka komanso chifukwa chake ndalamazi ndizoletsedwa mosiyana ndi zomwe zikalata za boma la mzindawu sizidafotokozedwe.
Za Transparency ndi Demokalase
Zonsezi, ndondomeko ya bajeti ya Portland inalibe demokalase yeniyeni yotengera anthu odziwa zambiri. Pamisonkhano ya bajeti, opezekapo adauzidwa kuti kulibe ndalama zilizonse ndikuti afotokoze bwino chifukwa chomwe mapulogalamu omwe amawakonda sayenera kudulidwa - kutha kwa nkhani. Khonsolo ya Mzindayo idafika mpaka kupempha malingaliro kuti achepetse anthu ammudzi. Kunena zabodza kuti Portland yathyoka idapangidwa kuti iwononge zotsatira za zokambiranazi, kukankhira pambali nkhani ya kusalingana kwachuma ku Portland, ndikusiya midzi ya Portland ikumenyana pakati pawo chifukwa cha zinyenyeswazi.
Ngakhale m’dziko laling’ono la City Council, njira zademokalase sizinali zoyembekezeredwa. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwazolimbikitsa voti ya "Ayi" ya Commissioner Amanda Fritz pa bajeti. Pofotokoza voti yake, adanena za ndondomekoyi:
"Malinga ndi momwe ndimaonera, iyi yakhala ndondomeko ya Bajeti yocheperapo kusiyana ndi zaka zinayi zapitazi. Ntchito zomwe ndimawona kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri pa ndalama za City zachotsedwa ngati sizili zofunika, kapena udindo wa wina. Mpaka lero, mamembala asanu a Bungwe la khonsolo silinakumanepo ngati 'madirekitala' kuti tikambirane zomwe tamva m'magawo a ntchito za Bajeti, kapena kuyika zinthu zofunika kugawana patsogolo.Sipanakhalepo gawo limodzi lokha lofotokozera nkhawa za membala aliyense wa khonsolo. Bajeti Yoperekedwa ndi Meya, ndalama zatsopano zopitirira theka la miliyoni zawonekera, komabe panalibe kukambirana za momwe angagawire ndalama zatsopanozi.
Mawu a Fritz akuwonetsa kuti zofunikira pa bajeti zikuganiziridwa ndi Meya Hales kutali ndi kuyang'anira anthu komanso akuluakulu ena osankhidwa. Ndemanga zake zimasiyananso kwambiri ndi zomwe Hales adanena kale pazachuma. Nyuzipepala ya Portland Mercury posachedwapa inanena kuti meyayo anadzudzula antchito a Janus Youth chifukwa cha "kumuchititsa manyazi" ndi umboni wawo wapoyera wokhudza malonda a anthu ndipo "anawalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti asabwere kudzamvetsera mtsogolo." Nkhani zonsezi zimatipangitsa kukayikira za Hales kuti atenga nawo mbali pademokalase.
Komwe Mungapite Kuchokera Pano
Ngati mayankho a nthawi yayitali angapezeke pa bajeti ya Portland ndi mavuto azachuma, adzachokera ku gulu la anthu osagwirizana ndi ndale ndi othandizira awo. Kwa nthawi yayitali Bajeti ya Portland yapindulitsa mabizinesi akulu ndi olemera pakuwononga ambiri. Pa bajeti yomwe imayika madera a Portland patsogolo, zofunika izi ziyenera kusinthidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale 1% ya Portland iyenera kulipira gawo lawo labwino kuti apange "City That Works" kuti akweze onse, osati umbombo wa ochepa.
Mu op-ed ya Oregonian yotchedwa "Austerity si njira yothetsera bajeti ya Portland," aphunzitsi azachuma a Robin Hahnel (Portland State University) ndi Marty Hart-Landsberg (Lewis & Clark University) adapereka malingaliro angapo omwe angayambe. chitani izi. Malingaliro awo akuphatikiza misonkho yopita patsogolo ya chigawo, kusintha msonkho wa ziphaso zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono a mzindawu kukhala njira yopita patsogolo, ndikukonzanso mfundo za Portland Development Commission kuti ziwonetsetse kuti zopindula pakukonzanso zikugawidwa. Njirazi zitha kukweza ndalama zokwanira kuti tisalankhulenso za kudzaza mabowo mu bajeti koma m'malo mwake tizipereka ntchito, kukulitsa ntchito zachitukuko, kulemba ntchito aphunzitsi ambiri, ndikumanganso zomangamanga zathu.
Kulimbana kwakukulu pa bajeti ya mzinda ku 2013 kunathandiza kufalitsa kutchuka kwa njira yotereyi ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano wa mgwirizano ndi anthu ammudzi omwe ali okonzeka kugwirizanitsa. Poyang'ana pakupanga mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi malingaliro okweza ndalama, powonetsa momwe bajeti imayikidwira patsogolo komanso momwe imapwetekera madera athu, komanso pokonzekera kukulitsa kayendetsedwe kathu, tidzatha kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikubwera mu 2014.
Mark Vorpahl ndi woyang'anira mgwirizano, wolimbikitsa chilungamo, komanso wolemba wa Workers' Action - www.workerscompass.org. Iye akhoza kufikiridwa pa [imelo ndiotetezedwa].
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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