"Samalani kwambiri ndi omwe mwawalola kuti alowe m'dera lanu," Sandra Carpenter, yemwe anali woyang'anira golosale wa Wal-Mart ku Maryland, anachenjeza anthu aku New York kuti atenge Wal-Mart mtawuni yawo. "Adzakulonjezani chilichonse pansi padzuwa," adatero pamsonkhano waposachedwa wotsutsana ndi Wal-Mart kunja kwa New York City Hall, "koma kumapeto kwa tsiku, adzabwezera zonse."
Kuyesetsa kwapamwamba kwa Wal-Mart kukulitsa misika ina yayikulu yam'matauni mwadzidzidzi kwawonetsa zochitika za ogwira ntchito ku Wal-Mart ngati Carpenter ndikuyambitsa nkhondo yomwe Wal-Mart ndi United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW), mgwirizano womwe umayimira ogwira ntchito ku golosale, ayenera kupambana.
Tawonapo nkhondoyi kale. Zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, Wal-Mart anayesetsa kwambiri kutulukira ku Chicago, New York, Washington, D.C., ndi mizinda ina. Kutsutsa kunali koopsa, ndipo nkhondozo zinali zovuta kwa onse a Wal-Mart ndi adani ake - kuwulula zofooka zamagulu ndi ndale mbali zonse. Kuzungulira uku kulonjeza kuchita chimodzimodzi.
Nkhondo zomaliza zankhondo zokulirakulira, makamaka ku Chicago, komwe Wal-Mart adalandira chilolezo chomanga masitolo angapo, zidawonetsa kusagwira ntchito komanso kugawikana pantchito. Wal-Mart atavomereza kuti amange masitolo awo pogwiritsa ntchito ogwira ntchito yomanga mgwirizano, mabungwe ogwira ntchito ku Chicago adathandizira kuti Wal-Mart alowe mumzindawo - mgwirizano womwe unakhudza kwambiri anthu ogwira ntchito m'deralo ngati kusakhulupirika kwakukulu. Mgwirizanowu udawululanso momwe ntchito ilili ndi mphamvu zochepa kuposa akuluakulu osankhidwa ndi demokalase m'mizinda ina yomwe amatchedwa Democratic. Meya Richard Daley adatsutsa chigamulo chomwe chikanakakamiza Wal-Mart kulipira $ 13 pa ola monga momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ku Chicago - veto yekhayo wa epic wake, Mubarak-esque mayoralty.
Choipa kwambiri, Wal-Mart adatha kuyang'ana chidwi cha anthu pa chimodzi mwa zolakwika za ogwira ntchito: Pa nthawi ya kuchepa kwa umembala, mapangano amgwirizano sakhala abwino nthawi zonse. Malipiro a ogwira ntchito ena a UFCW ku Chicago, akutsutsa mkulu wa Wal-Mart wa zochitika za anthu, Steve Restivo, sanali abwino kuposa ogwira ntchito ku Wal-Mart. Akuluakulu a UFCW ndi ophunzira omwe adaphunzira Wal-Mart amavomereza kuti malipiro a ogwira ntchito atsopano ndi ogwira ntchito nthawi yochepa m'masitolo ogwirizana sangakhale okwera kwambiri koma dziwani kuti ogwira ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu amawona kuti malipiro awo ndi mapindu akuwonjezeka pamene akusonkhanitsa akuluakulu pa ntchito, zomwe ndi sizili choncho kwa ogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali a Wal-Mart. Kampaniyo nthawi zonse yakana pempho lochokera kwa anthu aku New York a UFCW kuti wolamulira wa boma afufuze zolemba zake kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa malipiro ake. Komabe, a Restivo akuti Wal-Mart adachita bwino pazaubwenzi polengeza za malipiro otsika omwe amaperekedwa kwa ma ganyu atsopano m'masitolo ena amgwirizano. "Tinali okwiya pofotokoza nkhaniyi ku Chicago, akutero Restivo.
Zomveka, iyi ndi njira yomaliza ya Wal-Mart, popeza kampaniyo mwina singakonde kukokedwa pazokambirana zamalipiro ake otsika tsiku lililonse. Ngakhale tsopano, Restivo safuna kulankhula za malipiro "ochepa" kapena "amoyo"; amakonda mawu monga "kupambana" kapena "mpikisano." Koma kuti amenyane ndi Wal-Mart, UFCW iyenera kukhala mgwirizano wolimba komanso wanzeru, womwe palibe amene ali ndi mgwirizano ndi malipiro a Wal-Mart ndipo aliyense amadziwa kufunika kwa khadi la mgwirizano. Anthu ena am'deralo ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa ena, ndipo amene ali ku Chicago sanali m'modzi wa iwo. Phunziro lina, logwirizana ndi Chicago linali loti mgwirizano uyenera kulimbikitsa mamembala ake. Dorian Warren, pulofesa wa sayansi ya ndale ku Columbia yemwe adachita nawo nkhondo zapamalo ku Chicago mu 2005 ndipo tsopano akugwira ntchito ndi Jobs With Justice kuti Wal-Mart asatuluke ku New York, akuti malingaliro a anthu aku Chicago "sikukonza zokonzekera. mamembala, kapena akhoza kupanga bungwe motsutsana nanu." Maganizo otere ayenera kusintha.
Koma nkhondo zawulula zofooka za Wal-Mart, nawonso. Popeza kuti chitukuko chambiri ku New York, kunena pang'ono, sichimakakamizidwa ndi njira za demokalase, Wal-Mart, mu 2005, sanamve kuti akuyenera kupereka mlandu kwa New Yorkers. Kumeneku kunakhala kusawerengeka koipitsitsa; Bungwe la City Council linakwiya kwambiri ndi kudzikuza kwa Wal-Mart - posawonetsa ku zokambirana za City Council pa sitolo yomwe akufuna - ndikusokonezedwa ndi mbiri ya wogulitsa pa nkhani za ufulu wa ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo kusankhana kugonana, kuti akuluakulu osankhidwa.
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