Bungwe la Farmers Movement ku India lalimbikitsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe akumenyera chilungamo, demokalase ndi mgwirizano. Alimi adalimba mtima poyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo, ziwopsezo komanso mabodza osatha, ndipo adakakamiza boma la Modi kuti lichotse ngongole zamafamu. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwa zigonjetso zochititsa chidwi za anthu wamba motsutsana ndi kuukira kophatikizana kwamphamvu zamakampani ndi boma, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kulimbana kotsimikizika kungagonjetse amphamvu kwambiri.
Pa 19 Novembara 2021 Boma la India lidalengeza kuti Mabilu atatu omwe amakangana kwambiri a Famu omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu June 2020 achotsedwa. Boma lidakhazikitsa malamulowo m'miyezi yoyambirira yavuto la Covid-19, pomwe mwayi wokambirana pagulu ndi demokalase unali wochepa kwambiri. Malamulo, zomwe zimawonekera pavuto lalitali komanso lodziwika bwino lazaulimi ku India, adayambitsidwa. popanda kukambirana ndikunyalanyaza ndondomeko zanyumba yamalamulo. Komabe, alimi aku India adatsutsa kuti malamulowa awononga moyo wawo pochotsa zothandizira pamitengo, kuthetsa chitetezo (chochepa kwambiri) chomwe chatsalira pakatha zaka zambiri zakusintha kwatsopano, komanso kulimbikitsa kuwongolera kwaulimi. Kudutsa kwa malamulowa kudapangitsa kuti zionetsero za anthu ambiri zosaneneka. Pafupifupi Alimi 700 anafa pa zionetsero zochititsa chidwizi, pamene ena zikwizikwi anamangidwa.
Kulimbikitsana kumeneku kwawunikira chiyembekezo cha nkhondo zotsutsana ndi ulamuliro padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonetsa kufunikira kofunikira kwa mgwirizano ndi kumanga gulu lomwe limapanga mgwirizano ndikugwirizanitsa anthu akumidzi ndi akumidzi m'zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana, zigawo, magulu, amuna, ndi mafuko. Imaimira chipambano chachikulu pa nkhani yaikulu ya ndale. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, gawo laulimi ku India likadali pamavuto. Chaka chilichonse alimi zikwizikwi ndi ogwira ntchito zaulimi kudzipha, oposa 50 peresenti ya mabanja alimi ali ndi ngongole, ndipo alimi ang’onoang’ono akukumana ndi zolemetsa zolemera kwambiri polimbana ndi mabungwe amphamvu kwambiri.
M'nkhaniyi, Mawa ndi Ulamuliro wa Chakudya ndi Gulu Lachilungamo Lothandizira wa Asia-Europe People's Forum, network interregional of progressive social movements, inakonza ma webinar ndi anthu odziwika bwino ochokera ku India ndi alimi apadziko lonse lapansi kuti amvetsetse bwino kupambana kodabwitsa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, ndikuyamba kufufuza funso lakuti "chiani (chidakalipobe) ) kuti zichitike?” Kujambula kwathunthu kwa webinar kulipo pansipa, koma nkhaniyi ikupereka mwachidule mfundo zazikuluzikulu.
Darshan Pa
Purezidenti wa Krantikari Kisan Union
Kusuntha kwa 2020 ndikupitilira zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu poteteza mtengo wochepera wazinthu zaulimi komanso kumasuka ku ngongole, zomwe zidapangitsa, mu 2017, kukhazikitsidwa kwa All India Kisan Sangharsh Coordination Committee (AIKSCC). Pamenepa, alimi adazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti ndalama zaulimi zomwe zidavomerezedwa mu Seputembara 2020 zidzatsegula njira yolandanso malo amakampani (zaulimi). Kulimbikitsa anthu kunachitika koyamba kumadera akumpoto monga Punjab ndi Haryana, kuphatikiza anthu onse, ndipo pofika kumapeto kwa Okutobala 2020 kuguba kwakukulu kulowera ku Delhi kunali kukuchitika. Pa 7 Novembala, mabungwe a alimi adapanga Samyukt Kisan Morcha (SKM, kapena 'United Farmers Front').
Darshan Pal adalongosola, atatseka likulu, mabungwe alimi ochokera kuzungulira dzikolo adakambirana kwambiri ndi boma. Otsatirawa adakana kuchotsa malamulowo, ndipo adalimbikitsa kupondereza kwake ndikulimbikitsanso kugawa gululo. Komabe, alimi anakhalabe ogwirizana, mosasamala kanthu za kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe, malo, magulu ndi zipembedzo pakati pawo, ndipo potsirizira pake anasonyeza kuti n’zotheka kulimbana ndi Boma. Panthawi yonseyi, gululi linapanga nzeru zonse zomwe zingathe kutsogolera nkhondo zamtsogolo.
Ashok Dhawale
Purezidenti wa dziko lonse la India Kisan Sabha, bungwe la alimi, logwirizana ndi Indian Communist Party- of India (Marxist)
India yakhala muvuto lazaulimi kwazaka zambiri, zokulitsidwa ndi mfundo za neoliberal kuyambira 1990s. Kuyambira 1995-2020, alimi oposa 400,000 adakakamizika kudzipha chifukwa chokhala ndi ngongole. Mwa anthu 100,000 amenewa anadzipha m’zaka 7 zapitazi. Malamulo ovomerezeka angowonjezera izi: sanali odana ndi alimi okha, koma odana ndi anthu ambiri komanso ogwirizana. Zikadakhala kuti zikugwiritsidwa ntchito zikanabweretsa kutha kwa "mtengo wocheperako wothandizira" ndi njira yonse yogawa anthu, yomwe anthu 810 miliyoni amadalira.
Ashok Dhawale adazindikira zinthu zingapo zofunika pakupambana kwa gululi: mgwirizano wake wapadera, woyimira pakati ndi SKM; kuthandizira mwachangu kwa mabungwe apakati ndi ogwira ntchito onse; ndi kusakhulupirira kwake, kusonkhanitsa magulu onse, zilankhulo ndi zipembedzo. Zinakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu, kuyambira mliri wa Covid-19 mpaka kuponderezana kwankhanza kwa boma, komwe kudapha alimi 715 (15 mwa iwo mothandizidwa ndi nduna ya boma), ndikuipitsidwa kwambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, kulimbanako kunakhalabe kwamtendere kotheratu, kopanda chiwawa. Chofunika kwambiri, kulimbana kwawo kunali kolunjika motsutsana ndi mabungwe, neoliberalism, imperialism, boma. Yakwanitsa kale kukhudza zisankho za boma ndipo SKM ikukakamira kuti nkhaniyi iwuze m'magulu onse. Kawirikawiri, gululi linapereka chilimbikitso chofunika kwambiri kwa anthu a ku India, kusonyeza kuti kulimbana kwakukulu kungapangitse kupambana. Tidzapambana, ngati tingayesere kupambana.
Morgan Ody
General Co-ordinator, La Vía Campesina
Morgan Ody adatsimikiza kuti mamembala a La Via Campesina padziko lonse lapansi achita chidwi kwambiri ndi kayendetsedwe ka alimi ku India. Magulu onse a alimi ndi okhudzana ndi kupulumuka pamaso pa capitalism, yomwe ili yokhudzana ndi kugwidwa kwamakampani - mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe monga WTO - za kudzikundikira chuma motsutsana ndi anthu. Komabe, magulu amapambana nkhondo zambiri, ngakhale adani amphamvu oterowo. Kwa zaka zambiri, La Via Campesina ndi mabungwe ogwirizana akhala akupita patsogolo Ulamuliro wa Chakudya monga njira ina yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe kazakudya zoyendetsedwa ndi makampani komanso zopangira phindu, ndipo lingaliro ili lapindula ndikuthandiza kulimbikitsa mamiliyoni a anthu kuti ateteze machitidwe a chakudya omwe amayendetsedwa ndi demokalase.
Komabe, kupirira kwambiri ndi kulimbikira ndikofunikira. Monga momwe nkhondo yaku India ikuwonetseredwa, mgwirizano ndiwofunikiranso, makamaka ndi kayendedwe ka chilengedwe. Timafunikiranso njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira zopempha, ziwonetsero, ndi machitidwe azamalamulo mpaka kusamvera anthu. Mafunso akuluakulu ku kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu ku India ndi awa: timapanga bwanji chipambano ichi kukhala sitepe kuti tiyimitse kumasula ndi kuchepetsa msika?; kodi timaonetsetsa bwanji kuti tikugwiritsa ntchito mwayiwu pankhondo yapadziko lonse lapansi kulimbikitsa ulamuliro wa chakudya? Tiyenera kugwirizanitsa kulimbana kwathu kwapafupi, dziko lonse ndi mayiko kuti tiyang'ane zofuna zamakampani ndikupambana.
Amarjeet Kaur
Secretary General, All India Trade Union Congress
Chiwonetsero cha alimi aku India cha 2020-2021 ndi chitsanzo china m'mbiri yakale ya India ya mgwirizano pakati pa anthu akumidzi ndi akumidzi. Amarjeet Kaur anatsindika mfundo zina zofunika. Kusonkhanitsaku kudadziwika ndi: mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito kuphatikizapo ogwira ntchito ndi alimi; kuyankha mwamtendere; kukhala omasuka nthawi zonse kukambirana ndi boma ndi ena; chithandizo chodabwitsa kuchokera kwa ojambula ndi oimba omwe adatembenuza ntchitozo kukhala malo opangira chikhalidwe; kuwonekera poyera ndi gulu, zisankho zademokalase zomwe zidathandizira mauthenga ndi njira zolumikizana; kukhazika mtima pansi pakulimbana kwa amayi ndi amayi osati mongokhalira kukangana komanso muzochita ndi kukonza; kucheza ndi anthu amisinkhu yonse; kuyitanitsa mbiri yaufulu ndi kumenyedwa kwachilungamo ku India kuphatikiza masiku ochita kukondwerera omwe adasintha mbiri yakale, kuthandiza kupeza chithandizo chambiri; uthenga wofunika kwambiri umene unali wosavuta, womveka bwino, ndiponso womveka ndi aliyense; kuperekedwa kwa chakudya ndi zinthu zina zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku osati kwa othandizira okha komanso kwa aliyense mkati ndi kuzungulira misasa; kuyankha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuwonekera poyera pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama; komanso kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso maphiko azama media omwe adathandizira kuthana ndi maakaunti azama TV ndikusintha kuwulutsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kugwirizana kwa nkhondoyi sikunangochitika zokha. Zinali zotsatira za kumanga ubale kwa nthawi yaitali, kulimbana komwe kunkachitika kale, ndi ntchito yeniyeni yozindikiritsa zomwe zimagawidwa komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse kuphatikizapo zotsutsana ndi makampani, zotsutsana ndi zachinsinsi, komanso za demokalase. Kuponderezedwa kwa boma ndi neoliberalism zikuwopseza alimi ndi antchito. Ngakhale kuti kupambana kwakukulu kwapambana, pali zambiri zoti zichitike. Maphunziro ambiri ochokera ku gululi angathandize kulimbikitsa ndi kutsogolera nkhondo zamtsogolo, kumanga ku gulu la demokarasi ndi lofanana kwa anthu onse ogwira ntchito.
Zolankhula za Hashim bin Rashid
Wofufuza wa SOAS pazovuta za alimi ku Pakistan / Membala Pakistan Kisan Rabita Committee
Kupambana kwa gulu la anthu wamba ku India kumabwera patatha zaka zambiri zakuwopseza kwamayiko ndi msika. Ngakhale kuti gulu la alimi lapambana posachedwapa, kumasuka kumidzi sikunakwaniritsidwe, ndipo kuti tikwaniritse, mavuto a zaulimi akuyenera kuthetsedwa. Hashim bin Rashid akuwona zovutazi zikugwera m'magulu atatu akuluakulu. Choyamba, kugawa kofanana kwa phindu kuchokera kumisika yaulimi. M'mbiri yakale, gulu la anthu wamba lakhala likuyang'ana pa ufulu wokhala ndi nthaka, womwe udakali wofunikira mpaka pano. Malinga ndi a bin Rashid, gulu la alimi liyenera kuvomereza kuti misika yakumidzi ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri pandale zakumidzi, potengera udindo wawo monga mkhalapakati wachuma chachuma. Chachiwiri, kufunikira koletsa ulimi wosakhazikika. Posachedwapa, zotsatira za chilengedwe za ulimi wa mafakitale, ponena za kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi moyo, zayamba kuzindikirika. Pachifukwa ichi, ulimi wamtsogolo uyenera kukhala wokhazikika komanso wosamalira nthaka. Pomaliza, nkhani yoti alibe mwayi wopeza kapena kukhala ndi malo. Posachedwapa, magulu aku South Asia akudzutsanso nkhani ya kusowa kwa malo ndikukambirana nkhani za anthu akumidzi ndi akumidzi kuchokera kumidzi. Mikangano yamtsogolo yazaulimi iyenera kuganizira za ufulu wokhala ndi malo komanso ufulu wogwira ntchito zabwino. Gulu la anthu wamba latsimikizira mphamvu zake, kulimbana ndi ulamuliro waulamuliro ndikumanga mphamvu zapansi. Ntchito yomwe ili patsogolo pake tsopano ndikutanthauzira masomphenya ogwirizana komanso omasuka omwe athana ndi zovuta zolumikizana zamisika, zachilengedwe, ndi nthaka.
Kutsiliza
Gulu la alimi ku India lidayimira kuwukira motsutsana ndi kusalingana komwe kumapangidwa ndi neoliberalism, capitalism ndi imperialism ku Global South. Mavuto awa, omwe akuchulukirachulukira ndi mliri wa COVID-19, ndi gawo la dongosolo limodzi lomwe liyenera kulimbana ndi magulu onse a anthu palimodzi. Kuti apitirize, gululi liyenera kuyang'ana njira zina za anthu ogwira ntchito oponderezedwa ndi oponderezedwa onse akumidzi ndi akumidzi. Izi zikutanthauza kukulitsa mayendedwe okulirapo ndikupitiliza mgwirizano pakati pa magulu a anthu wamba, mabungwe azamalonda, magulu azikhalidwe ndi magawo ena onse aku India. Zikutanthauzanso kupitiriza kufotokoza masomphenya ogawana a tsogolo lachipulumutso kwa onse, motsutsana ndi maulamuliro oyendetsedwa ndi makampani, aulamuliro, owononga chilengedwe cha neoliberal capitalist. Zambiri za masomphenyawa, ndi momwe zidzawonekere kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anthu ogwira ntchito omwe akukumana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana pazochitika ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, zikuwonekerabe. Koma mgwirizano, demokalase, ndi mphamvu zamagulu a alimi zidzathandiza kuunikira njira.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
Ndalama