Wasayansi yemwe adalimbikitsa dziko lapansi kuti lizindikire kuopsa kwa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi akuti zingakhale bwino padziko lapansi komanso mibadwo yamtsogolo ngati msonkhano wa sabata wamawa wa ku Copenhagen utha kutha.
Pokambirana ndi Guardian, a James Hansen, wasayansi wodziwika bwino wanyengo padziko lonse lapansi, adati mgwirizano uliwonse womwe ungatuluke pazokambirana ungakhale wolakwika kwambiri kotero kuti zingakhale bwino kuyambanso kuyambira pachiyambi.
"Ndikanakonda zisachitike ngati anthu avomereza kuti ndiye njira yoyenera chifukwa ndi njira yatsoka," atero a Hansen, yemwe ndi wamkulu wa Nasa Goddard Institute for Space Studies ku New York.
"Njira yonseyi ndi yolakwika kwambiri kotero kuti ndi bwino kuunikanso momwe zinthu zilili. Ngati zikhala ngati za ku Kyoto ndiye kuti [anthu] atha zaka zambiri kuyesa kudziwa tanthauzo la zomwezo." Amalankhula monga momwe mgwirizanowu ukuyendera ku Copenhagen walimbikitsidwa lero, pomwe India ikuwulula zomwe akufuna kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni. Mayiko onse anayi omwe amatulutsa mpweya waukulu - US, China, EU ndi India - tsopano apereka zopereka zotulutsa mpweya, ngakhale kuti vuto lofanana la ndalama zothandizira mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene kuti athane ndi kutentha kwa dziko silinathe.
Hansen, adawonekera mobwerezabwereza pamaso pa Congress kuyambira 1989, wachita zambiri kuposa wasayansi wina aliyense kuphunzitsa ndale za zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha kwa dziko ndikuwalimbikitsa kuchitapo kanthu kuti apewe zotsatira zake zoopsa kwambiri. Koma amatsutsana kwambiri ndi ndondomeko za msika wa carbon - momwe zilolezo zoipitsa zimagulidwa ndikugulitsidwa - zomwe EU ndi maboma ena akuwona ngati njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera utsi ndikupita ku chuma chatsopano champhamvu.
Hansen akutsutsanso kwambiri Barack Obama - komanso Al Gore, yemwe adapambana mphoto yamtendere ya Nobel chifukwa cha khama lake kuti dziko lapansi lichitepo kanthu pa kusintha kwa nyengo - ponena kuti andale alephera kukwaniritsa zomwe amaona kuti ndizovuta zamasiku athu ano.
M’lingaliro la Hansen, kulimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo sikulola mpata kaamba ka kulolerana komwe kumalamulira dziko la ndale zosankhidwa. "Izi ndi zofanana ndi nkhani ya ukapolo yomwe Abraham Lincoln anakumana nayo kapena nkhani ya Nazism yomwe Winston Churchill anakumana nayo," adatero. "Pazinthu zotere simunganyengerere. Simunganene kuti tichepetse ukapolo, tipeze mgwirizano ndikuchepetsa 50% kapena tichepetse 40%.
Iye ananenanso kuti: “Tilibe mtsogoleri amene angathe kuzimvetsa n’kunena zimene zikufunikadi.
Ulendo wocheperako wa Iowan kuchokera kwa wasayansi yanyengo kupita kwa womenyera ufulu udakwera m'zaka zomaliza zaulamuliro wa Bush. Hansen, wokamba nkhani wapoyera monyinyirika, akuti adakakamizika kulowa m'malo a anthu onse chifukwa cha chilala, kusefukira kwa madzi, njala ndi mizinda yomwe idamira yowonetsedwa ndi sayansi.
Umboni wochuluka waumboni wasayansi udayikidwa pansi pa maikulosikopu ndi okayikira zanyengo pambuyo poti mwezi watha watulutsa maimelo omwe adabedwa pa intaneti omwe adatumizidwa ndi ofufuza olemekezeka pagawo lofufuza zanyengo ku University of East Anglia. Hansen adavomereza kuti mkanganowu ukhoza kusokoneza anthu ambiri, ndipo adapempha kuti afufuze. "Zinthu zonse zomwe amakangana pazambiri sizisintha kusanthula konse, koma zimasiya malingaliro oyipa," adatero.
Mzerewu udafika ku Congress lero, pomwe aku Republican akudzudzula ofufuzawo kuti akuchita nawo "sayansi yasayansi" ndikukakamiza mlangizi wamkulu wa a Obama, a John Holdren, kuti adzudzule imeloyo. Holdren, wasayansi yanyengo yemwe adalemba imodzi mwamaimelo mu UEA trove, adati anali wokonzeka kudzudzula kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa data ndi asayansi - ngati atatsimikiziridwa.
Hansen watulukira ngati mtsogoleri wotsogola wotsutsana ndi makampani a malasha, omwe amatulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha kuposa mafuta ena aliwonse.
Wakhala wokhazikika paziwonetsero zapasukulu ndipo chilimwe chatha adamangidwa pachiwonetsero chotsutsana ndi migodi yamapiri ku West Virginia, komwe adatcha mfundo za boma la Obama "za theka".
Iye wakwiyitsa ena okonda zachilengedwe polimbikitsa msonkho wachindunji wa carbon pakugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Ena amawona izi ngati zododometsa pothandizira kuthandizira ku Congress pamalamulo a kapu ndi malonda omwe ali patebulo.
Iye akutsutsa njira imeneyo. "Izi ndi zofanana ndi zokhululukira zomwe mpingo wa Katolika unagulitsa m'zaka zapakati. Mabishopu adasonkhanitsa ndalama zambiri ndipo ochimwa adalandira chiwombolo. Onse awiri adakonda dongosololi ngakhale kuti linali lopanda pake. Izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika," adatero. "Tili ndi maiko otukuka omwe akufuna kupitiliza mabizinesi ochulukirapo monga mwanthawi zonse kenako maiko omwe akutukuka kumene omwe akufuna ndalama ndi zomwe angapeze kudzera muzogulitsa [zogulitsidwa kudzera m'misika ya carbon]."
Ngakhale kuti Hansen alibe chiyembekezo chilichonse, akuumirirabe kuti chiyembekezo chidakalipo. "Zitha kukhala kuti tadzipereka kale kuti madzi a m'nyanja akwere mita imodzi kapena kuposerapo koma sizikutanthauza kuti mutaya mtima.
"Chifukwa ngati utaya mtima ukhoza kuyankhula za mamita khumi. Ndiye ndikuwona kuti ndizonyansa kuti anthu amati mwadutsa pongodutsapo ndiye kuti mwachedwa. Zikatero mukuganiza bwanji: kuti tisiye dziko lapansi? Mukufuna kuchepetsa kuwonongeka. "
Buku la James Hansen lakuti Storms of My Grandchildren lasindikizidwa ndi Bloomsbury, £18.99
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