Kuti US yagawika pazandale ndi nkhani zakale. Onse a Kumanzere ndi Kumanja ali okhazikika kwambiri, zomwe zimachititsa kusakhulupirirana, chidani, ndi kusokoneza ndale. Chitsanzo chimodzi chovutitsa ndi cha Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) Reauthorization ya 2018. N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti si nthawi yoyamba kuti a Republican ayesetse kuletsa VAWA, pogwiritsa ntchito miyoyo ya amayi ngati chida chosinthanitsa.
VAWA yoyambirira idayambitsidwa ndi Senator Joe Biden ku 1990. Zinatenga zaka zinayi VAWA isanadutse Congress ndi chithandizo chamagulu awiri ndipo idasainidwa ndi Purezidenti Bill Clinton. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa cha lamulo lomwe limalola ozunzidwa kuti apeze ufulu wachibadwidwe wachinsinsi pakusumira omwe akuwopseza. Woweruza wamkulu William Rehnquist anali wotsutsa kwambiri, ponena kuti lamuloli lidzabweretsa milandu yambiri ku makhoti kotero kuti idzawagonjetsa, ndipo Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri linalengeza kuti gawo la VAWA linali losagwirizana ndi malamulo mu 2000. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti Khotilo linanena kuti Congress siinatero ali ndi ufulu wokhazikitsa chithandizo cha anthu pansi pa Gawo la Zamalonda chifukwa nkhanza zapakhomo sizikhala "zachuma", ngakhale pali umboni wakuti zimawononga okhometsa msonkho pakati pa $ 5-10 biliyoni pachaka pa chithandizo chamankhwala ndi kutsata malamulo, kutaya zokolola, ndi zina. Komabe zina zatsala, ndipo VAWA yathandiza mazana masauzande a ozunzidwa. Amapereka ndalama zophunzitsira zachitetezo chazamalamulo, ogwira ntchito m'makhothi, oimira ozunzidwa ndi akatswiri azaumoyo.
VAWA idavomerezedwanso mu 2000 ndi 2005. Baibulo la 2000 lidawongolera zoperekedwa kwa ozunzidwa ochokera kumayiko ena, omwe akugwiriridwa, kuzemberana, ndi nkhanza za pachibwenzi. Chilolezo cha 2005 chinawonjezera phindu kwa anthu osatetezedwa ndikuletsa zofunikira kuti anthu ogwiriridwa atenge mayeso a polygraph asanafufuze malipoti awo. Kukonzanso kwa 2012 kunalinso kotsutsana, chifukwa osunga malamulo amatsutsa kupititsa patsogolo zomwe VAWA imaperekedwa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mkangano waukulu udazunguliranso kukulitsa chitetezo cha VAWA kwa Amayi Achimereka Achimereka, chifukwa izi zidabweretsa nkhondo yodziwika bwino yomwe imachitika ndi mitu yokhudzana ndi umbanda pamayiko amitundu. Kupitilira apo, osunga malamulo amatsutsa kukulitsa zomwe VAWA idapereka kwa anthu osamukira kumayiko ena omwe alibe zikalata kudzera mu pulogalamu ya U Visa. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa 112thCongress, VAWA idavomerezedwanso ndi zotsutsana zonse zomwe zidaphatikizidwa mu 2013.
Chilolezo chaposachedwa chidayenera kuchitika pofika pa Seputembara 30 koma chapitilizidwa mpaka Disembala 7 ndi Disembala 21. Ikuloledwanso kwakanthawi, koma pakadali pano, zikuwoneka kuti a Republican akufuna kuletsa kuvomerezanso chaka chisanathe, ndipo kuchokera ku 173 co. -othandizira ndalamazo zomwe Woimira Sheila Jackson Lee (D-Texas), palibe aku Republican. Mwinanso, kuchuluka kwa amayi omwe adasankhidwa mchaka cha 2018 mu Januware 2019 kungapangitse kuti VAWA iganizidwenso, koma ndizowopsa kuwona kuti palinso mkangano wokhudza zothandizira omwe akhudzidwa. Ngakhale kuti palibe malamulo a boma omwe ali abwino, ndipo VAWA ikhoza kutsutsidwa movomerezeka chifukwa choyang'ana kwambiri pa chilungamo chaupandu komanso kuchepetsa zomwe zimayambitsa nkhanza, kuvomerezanso kwa 2018 ndikofunikira. Bili ya a Jackson Lee imawonjezera ndalama zothandizira malo ochitira nkhanza zachiwerewere ndikukulitsa lamulo lokhudzana ndi kuchotsa mfuti kwa ozunzidwa.
Tonse tiyenera kupempha a Congress kuti achitepo kanthu pakuvomerezanso kwa VAWA. Pamene zikuwonekeratu kuti, malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano wa United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, malo otetezeka kwambiri kwa amayi padziko lonse lapansi ndi m'nyumba, nkofunika kuti andale athu aziganizira mozama nkhani za nkhanza zapakhomo ndi zachiwerewere osati magawano andale asokoneze mautumiki ofunikirawa.
Laura Finley, Ph.D., wopangidwa ndi PeaceVoice,amaphunzitsa ku Barry University Department of Sociology & Criminology.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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