Pamene kazembe wakale wa dziko la Britain anali wodekha kunena kuti “abizinesi afunika kuunikanso maziko a zachuma” pa msonkhano waposachedwapa wa World Business Summit on Climate Change ku Copenhagen, mawu ake osagwirizana anadodometsedwa ndi gulu loimba la nthumwi zoposa 800. kuyimba nyimbo zotamanda misika yopanda malire ngati njira yothanirana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
Kudzipereka kuchita bizinesi monga mwanthawi zonse kumatenga mawonekedwe a surreal nthawi zina. Indra Nooyi, CEO wa PepsiCo, adalengeza monyadira "Zomwe ndinawulukira kuno kwa maola 1 1/2 kuti ndikhale pagulu lomwe ndikuwulukira ku US ndi chitsanzo cha kudzipereka kwathu pakusunga chilengedwe."
Chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri, mapulani aukadaulo wamagetsi otsika amapangitsa kukulitsa mphamvu ya malasha a carbon kunyadira malo. Mawu otsatsira ndi a Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), komabe omwe akuchokera kugawo lamagetsi samanena zolakwa zake. "Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe tikumanga ndi CCS yokonzeka, ngakhale kunena mosabisa kanthu palibe amene akudziwa kuti ndi chiyani pakadali pano," adatero Steve Lennon, Managing Director wa South Africa Eskom. James Rogers, CEO wa Duke Energy yochokera ku US, adawonjezera kuti CCS ili bwino kwambiri pazaka 15 ndipo ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri ngati ingagwire ntchito konse.
Vuto lalikulu ndilakuti bizinesi imasintha vuto la kusintha kwa nyengo kukhala chuma cha neoliberal, chomwe chimaweruza mtengo malinga ndi mtengo wandalama m'malo mwa kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe kapena chilungamo cha anthu. Izi zikuwonekera mu lonjezo lakukulitsa kwambiri misika ya carbon. Lingaliro ndiloti maboma amapereka zilolezo zochepa zoipitsa; kusowa kwa zilolezozi kuyenera kulimbikitsa mtengo wawo kukwera; ndipo kufunikira kowonjezera kwa makampani ndi opanga magetsi kuyenera kuwalimbikitsa kuti achepetse kuipitsa.
Jos Delbeke, Wachiwiri kwa Director-General for Environment ku European Commission, anali ku Copenhagen ponena kuti umu ndi momwe EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) ikugwirira ntchito tsopano. Komabe deta yake ya dipatimenti yake ya 2008 ikuwonetsa mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi ya "offset" yomwe ikuzungulira kuposa kuchuluka kwa zomwe akuti kuchepetsedwa, pomwe kukakamiza kokakamiza kwadzetsa njira ziwiri zomwe bizinesi iliyonse imapambana.
Kumbali imodzi, makampani olemera monga gawo lazitsulo ali ndi ngongole zambiri kuposa zomwe zingakhudze kuchepetsa mpweya wake, choncho amawagulitsa. Delbeke adagawana gulu pamisika ya kaboni ndi nthumwi ya ArcelorMittal, yomwe yokhayo idapeza ndalama zokwana € 1 biliyoni pakati pa 2005 ndi 2008 mwanjira iyi.
Kumbali ina, makampani amagetsi amalipira ndalama zochepa chifukwa cha zilolezo zoipitsa kusiyana ndi ndalama zomwe amapereka kwa ogula, kupanga phindu la mphepo yamkuntho yomwe imatha kufika pafupifupi € 70 biliyoni pofika 2012. monga Zhengrong Shi, Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa kampani yaku China ya Suntech Power, adavomereza mu gawo lachiwiri lokhudza misika ya carbon: "Ndalama zonse za ku Europe pazatsopano, m'gawo lathu [zadzuwa] zimachokera pamitengo yongowonjezera osati Emissions Trading Scheme kapena Clean Development Mechanism. .”
Misika ya kaboni ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza magawo oipitsa kupewa maudindo ena omwe amaikidwa pa iwo. Monga momwe Giovanni Bisignani, Mtsogoleri wa International Air Transport Association (IATA), ananenera, "Ngati maboma ena akufunabe kukhazikitsira misonkho [pakutulutsa mpweya wa pandege], tiyenera kupeza ndalama za carbon kuti tipereke chindapusa chilichonse cha misonkhoyi."
Njira zina zopewera mabizinesi zimachotsa vuto lothana ndi kusintha kwanyengo ku South padziko lonse lapansi. Msonkhano womaliza wa Copenhagen Call ukukamba za gawo lofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha nkhalango m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, ndi okonza mgwirizano wa Business Case for a Strong Global Deal akusonyeza kuti njira zoterezi ziyenera kuyimira pafupifupi theka la zochitika zofunika kuchepetsa kusintha kwa nyengo pofika 2020. .
Ziwerengerozi zatengedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku Project Catalyst, yomwe imasonkhanitsa "okambirana za nyengo, akuluakulu aboma ... mwayi wa "makampani oyang'anira nkhalango, zamkati ndi mapepala, kapena zomangamanga" kuti apeze "unyolo wamtengo wapatali wa €20-30bn" m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene.
Malingaliro ofanana kwambiri apeza njira yawo yokambilana zolemba za Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD), zomwe zidzakambidwe pamene zokambirana za UN za nyengo ziyambiranso ku Bonn sabata yamawa. Komabe lingaliro lonse lakuti kuwononga nkhalango kungathe kuimitsidwa mwa kungoika mtengo pa nkhalango n’lolakwa, ndipo anthu okhala m’nkhalango ndi Amwenye a Indigenous akuchenjeza kuti adzalimbikitsa kulanda malo kowonjezereka kwa makampani aakulu. Iwo amalozera umboni wosonyeza kuti zinthu zimene zikuchititsa kuti nkhalango ziwonongeke ndi ntchito yaikulu yomanga, migodi, kudula mitengo ndi minda imene eni ake adzalipidwa ndi ndalama za REDD.
Awa ndi mawu omwe dziko liyenera kumvetsera pamene likufuna kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo - chifukwa, momwe zinthu zilili, ngakhale odzitcha "kupita patsogolo" amalonda akuluakulu akuwoneka kuti akuika malire a phindu pamwamba pa zosowa zachilengedwe. Popanda kuwunikanso kofunikira, kuti tifotokoze mwatsatanetsatane gulu limodzi, amaoneka ngati kumbuyo kwa kavalo yemwe akuthamanga molakwika.
Oscar Reyes ndi wofufuza wa Carbon Trade Watch (www.carbontradewatch.org), pulojekiti ya Transnational Institute, komanso mkonzi wa chilengedwe wa magazini ya Red Pepper (www.redpepper.org.uk). Nkhani yosinthidwa ya nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa ndi The Guardian
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