Source: The Intercept
Mapeto a mlungu ovuta Bolivia idasokoneza ndale za Latin America ngati chipwirikiti ku Bolivia idakakamiza Purezidenti Evo Morales pambali Lamlungu ndipo masiku m'mbuyomo, Purezidenti wakale waku Brazil Luiz Inácio "Lula" da Silva adatulutsidwa m'ndende.
Morales adalankhula Lachitatu kuchokera ku Mexico City, komwe ali ku ukapolo, ndipo adawonetsa chidwi chobwerera ku Bolivia potsatira zomwe adazifotokoza ngati kuukira boma kothandizidwa ndi US. Pamsonkhano wa atolankhani, Morales adalimbikitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi atsamunda komanso anti-imperialist kuti ipitilize ndikukana yemwe adadzitcha Purezidenti Jeanine Áñez. Kale anti-Indigenous ndemanga kuchokera kwa Áñez, Mkristu wamapiko akumanja, akubwera poyera, ndikuwonjezera kukhumudwa komwe akukumana nako ndi omutsatira a Morales. Komabe, Áñez watero analumbira kuyitanira zisankho zatsopano.
Purezidenti wa US a Donald Trump mawu, panthawiyi, adayamika kuukira kwa asilikali ku Bolivia ndipo adanena kuti zochitika zomwe zinayambitsa kuchotsedwa kwa Morales "zitumiza chizindikiro champhamvu kwa maulamuliro osavomerezeka ku Venezuela ndi Nicaragua kuti demokalase ndi chifuniro cha anthu zidzapambana nthawi zonse." Kodi ndi gawo liti lomwe US adachita ku Bolivia sizodziwikiratu kuposa kuyesa kosintha kwa boma Venezuela koyambirira kwa chaka chino.
Ulendo wa Morales kupita ku ukapolo wodzilamulira udawonetsa kutha kwa nthawi yodabwitsa mu ndale zaku Bolivia. Purezidenti woyamba Wachibadwidwe ku America yamakono adakwera chiwongolero cha anthu ambiri mu 2006, pomwe Movimiento al Socialismo waku Bolivia - Movement Toward Socialism, kapena MAS - adawuka pakati pakusintha ndale zaku South America kumanzere pambuyo pa kutha kwa Cold War. Mbali ya “pinki” imeneyi, zaka 14 zimene Morales analamulira zinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri a ku Bolivia apindule. Pofika m’chaka cha 2017, anthu a m’chigawo chapakati ku Bolivia anali atakula kwambiri, ndipo dziko la anthu pafupifupi 11 miliyoni linali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri m’derali, koma pankafunika ndalama zambiri. Chiŵerengero cha kudula mitengo mwachisawawa ku Bolivia chinakula, ndipo Morales anatembenukira kukatikati uku akulandira ntchito za gasi wachilengedwe ndi migodi.
Chisankho cha Okutobala 2019 chidatsimikizira zovuta kwa utsogoleri wa Morales kalekale zisanachitike. Anthu ambiri ku Bolivia ankaona kuti Morales ndi amene “anawonongedweratu pa nkhani za ndale,” katswiri wa maphunziro a chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso wa ku Bolivia Bret Gustafson. adauza Intercepted podcast. "Maguluwa adasankhidwa ndi boma. Ndipo kusagwirizana kulikonse mkati mwamayendedwewo kudathetsedwa, "adatero Gustafson. "Iwo omwe adakwanitsa kukhala gawo la boma ndi chipani adakhalabe okhulupirika kwa Evo Morales."
Kuthamanga kwa Morales nthawi yachinayi inali yosagwirizana ndi malamulo, malinga ndi lamulo latsopano lomwe dziko la Bolivia linalandira m’chaka cha 2009. Ataluza referendum yomulola kuti akhale mtsogoleri mu 2019, Morales anapita ku Khoti Loona za Malamulo ku Bolivia. Khotilo linalengeza kuti malire ake akuphwanya lamulo la Morales “ufulu wa anthu,” linamulola kuti achite nawo ntchitoyi. Kenako panabwera mpikisano. Pamavoti aawiri, chisankho chimatsimikiziridwa pambuyo poti wopikisana naye wapambana ndi 50 peresenti, kapena ndi 40 peresenti ngati woyimirirayo ali ndi mfundo khumi kuposa wotsutsana naye kwambiri. Kupambana kotheratu mugawo loyamba la mavoti kunali kosayembekezereka.
"OAS ikufunsidwa, makamaka chifukwa cha gawo la United States ndi Brazil ndi Argentina."
Pakuwerengera mavoti, zotsatira za kuwerengera kosavomerezeka, koyambirira zidawonetsa Morales akulephera kupambana mpikisano woyamba. Mtsogoleri wotsutsa komanso Purezidenti wakale Carlos Mesa adanena zachinyengo pomwe, pambuyo pa kuchedwa kwanthawi yayitali, omwe adatulutsidwa kumene chiwerengero cha boma adawonetsa Morales ndi chitsogozo chopitilira 10, ndikupambana mosavuta.
Zionetsero zachiwawa zotsutsa zidachitika mdzikolo ndipo bungwe la United States la ku Washington, D.C. lidachita kafukufuku. M'mawu ake, bungwe la OAS lidalengeza "kuda nkhawa kwawo ndikudabwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwakukulu komanso kovuta kufotokoza momwe zotsatira zoyambira zidawululidwa pambuyo potseka zisankho" - kuchititsa ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi Morales koma osapereka pang'ono. njira yowonetsera umboni weniweni wachinyengo.
"OAS ikukayikiridwa," Gustafson adalongosola, "makamaka chifukwa cha ntchito yomwe United States ndi Brazil ndi Argentina" - mgwirizano wamayiko omwe ali mamembala amphamvu motsogozedwa ndi maboma akumanja - "komanso ntchito yodziwika bwino yomwe Luis adachita. Almagro, wamkulu wa OAS, adayesetsa kuthandizira kuchotsedwa kwa Nicolás Maduro ku Venezuela. "
Polankhula Lachitatu kuchokera ku Mexico, Morales adati, Siikuthandiza anthu aku Latin America , kupatulapo zamagulu. OAS ikugwira ntchito ku North America.”
Ngakhale udindo za mphamvu zakunja pakuwuka boma sizikudziwikabe, ngakhale mwayi chabe waufulu waku Bolivia wochita opaleshoni umachokera kuzinthu zapakhomo. Mwakutero, kuthandizira kwa Morales kudasokonekera ngakhale pakati pa zigawo zake zokhulupirika kwambiri: Madera achikhalidwe.
Chisankhochi chitatha, maderawo adakumana ndi vuto. Mkristu wina wotsutsa mapiko akumanja dzina lake Luis Fernando Camacho adatsogolera ziwonetsero zachiwawa zomwe zimayang'ana othandizira achikhalidwe cha Morales ndi akuluakulu osankhidwa. Wochita bizinesi yazaulimi ndi gasi wotchedwa "Bolsonaro waku Bolivia," Camacho amagwirizana ndi gulu la Civic Committee ndipo amachokera ku banja lapamwamba lomwe lili ndi mphamvu pabizinesi yogawa gasi.
Kusankhana mitundu kunayambitsa chiwawacho. "Camacho ali ngati anthu ambiri omwe ali kumbali yakumanja kum'mawa kwa Bolivia, omwe amadziona ngati oyera kapena oyera," adatero Gustafson. "Pali mbiri yakale ya tsankho lodana ndi Amwenye komanso mbiri yakale ya ndale zachifasisti ku Bolivia zomwe zidagwirizana kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za Chikhristu." Zowonadi, makanema omwe adatumizidwa pawailesi yakanema adawonetsa othandizira odana ndi Amwenye choyaka Mbendera ya Wiphala ya ku Bolivia ndi atsogoleri otsutsa akuwonetsa mwamwano Mabaibulo.
Ngakhale kuti panali chipwirikiti cha ndale cha mwezi watha, Gustafson ananena za kulimba kwa magulu a anthu a ku Bolivia. "Chilichonse chomwe boma lingatulukire mu izi, ngati litenga 'malo osagwirizana ndi zandale' kapena kuyesa kubwezeretsa mtundu waulamuliro wosankhana mitundu womwe udadziwika kwa zaka mazana ambiri," adatero, "mabungwe achikhalidwe ku Bolivia awapatsa mwayi. nthawi yovuta kwambiri. "
Lachisanu lapitali, mu Brazil, m'modzi mwa ogwirizana kwambiri ndi a Morales ku Latin America, Luiz Inácio "Lula" da Silva, adatulutsidwa atakhala m'ndende chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Lula, wanthawi ya Morales m'modzi mwa atsogoleri aku Latin America yomwe idatulukanso, akadapambana chisankho chapurezidenti ku Brazil cha 2018. Koma chigamulo chotsutsana ndi ndale chinamulepheretsa kuthamanga ndikulola otsutsa a mapiko amanja kuti atsogolere a Jair Bolsonaro omwe ali kumanja kuti apambane.
"Panali katangale waukulu mkati mwa kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi katangalewu womwe wasinthadi ndale za ku Brazil m'zaka zisanu zapitazi."
Woweruza yemwe adatsogolera mlandu wa Lula, Sérgio Moro, wakhala pakati pa a kufufuza kwakukulu ndi The Intercept. Woyambitsa mnzake Glenn Greenwald adalongosola pa Intercepted kuti, kwenikweni, Moro sanali woweruza. “Anali kulamula gulu la oimira boma mwachinsinsi, osati pa mlandu wa Lula wokha, komanso ena ambiri. Oimira boma pamilandu anali kuphwanya malamulo awo, pofuna kupeza phindu pa kutchuka kumene anapeza chifukwa chopambana.” Greenwald anatero. "Panali katangale waukulu mkati mwa kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi katangalewu womwe wasinthadi ndale za ku Brazil m'zaka zisanu zapitazi."
Lula adabwerera ku ndale atatsitsimutsidwa atatulutsidwa m'ndende, Greenwald adatero. Kutchula kuchotsedwa kwa Morales kukhala chiwembu, Lula tweeted mawu ochirikiza pulezidenti wa ku Bolivia: “N’zomvetsa chisoni kuti Latin America ili ndi anthu apamwamba pazachuma amene sadziwa mmene angakhalire ndi demokalase ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa anthu osauka kwambiri.” Bolsonaro, kumbali yake, watero adachotsedwa kuti chiwembu chinachitika ku Bolivia.
Mawu a Lula anali m'modzi mwa gulu lazandale padziko lonse lapansi omwe adatsutsa zachiwembuchi. Lamlungu, Rep. Ilhan Omar, D-Minn., tweeted, "Pali mawu akuti Purezidenti wa dziko akukankhidwira kunja ndi asitikali. Uku kumatchedwa coup.” Pomwe ambiri ofuna kukhala pulezidenti wa demokalase akhala chete, Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., tweeted, "Ndili ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndi zomwe zikuwoneka ngati kulanda boma ku Bolivia, kumene asilikali, pambuyo pa masabata angapo a zipolowe za ndale, adalowererapo kuchotsa Pulezidenti Evo Morales."
Zambiri mwazofalitsa zazikulu zaku US, pakadali pano, zakhala zikuchitika wosasamala ku kuitana zomwe zinachitika ku Bolivia kulanda boma. "Ndikuganiza kuti ndizodabwitsa kuti malo osindikizira a ku United States amangokana mwatsatanetsatane kuyitcha kuti chipwirikiti ndipo akupita kukanena chilichonse koma," Greenwald adauza Intercepted. "Zimangowonetsa momwe munkhani yaku US, 'demokalase' imatanthawuza kuyika mtsogoleri yemwe amatumikira chidwi cha US, ndipo 'nkhanza' kapena 'wolamulira mwankhanza' amatanthauza mtsogoleri - ngakhale atasankhidwa mwademokalase - amene amakana."
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