Chiyambi ndi Ndemanga pa Kuyitanira kwa boma la Bolivia ku Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa 'Anthu' pa Kusintha kwa Nyengo Ndi Ufulu Wa Mayi Padziko Lapansi'
Jai Sen, cacim.net, India, Marichi 2010
[I]
Introduction
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, dziko lomwe tikudziwa - dziko lapansi lomwe ife monga anthu timatcha kwathu - lili pamavuto masiku ano, ndipo mwina liri pamavuto akulu omwe sanadziwikepo m'mbiri: Zakuwonjezeka kotheka kenako -kuwonongeka kowopsa kwa chilengedwe, komwe kumawopseza moyo monga tikudziwira.
[Ii] M'malo mwake, kugwa uku kukuwopseza kuyambitsa mikangano, ziwawa, nkhondo, komanso kupsinjika kwa anthu komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu - komanso kupanda chilungamo kokulirapo padziko lapansi pamlingo womwe sunachitikepo, komanso kuzunzika kokulirapo kwa anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Sitikutsimikiza 100% kuti izi ndizomwe zidzachitike (ndipo mwanjira ina, zili mu chikhalidwe cha kusakanizika kosayembekezereka kwa kusintha komwe kukuchitika kale, ndipo zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuchitika mochulukirachulukira. sitingathe kukhala otsimikiza 100% za zomwe zichitike), ndipo tiyenera kupanga imodzi mwantchito zathu kuyesa ndikuwonetsa zochitika zonse zomwe zingatheke. Koma zofufuza zambiri mpaka pano, kuphatikiza ndi IPCC, zikuwonetsa kuti kugwa kotheka - pokhapokha ngati kusintha kwakukulu ndi kwakukulu kupangike mwachangu pachuma chadziko lapansi chomwe chingachepetse kutulutsa mpweya wa carbon; zomwe pakadali pano, zikuwoneka kuti sizingatheke.
Zochitika zotheka izi zimatsegula mafunso akuya kwa aliyense, mumayendedwe aliwonse amoyo komanso madera onse adziko lapansi, koma motsimikizika kwa onse okhudzidwa ndi chilungamo.
Msonkhano wapakati pa maboma omwe unachitikira ku Copenhagen mu December 2009 ponena za kusintha kwa nyengo unanena momveka bwino kuti maboma ambiri padziko lapansi (makamaka a mayiko akuluakulu, ochokera Kumpoto ndi Kumwera, kuphatikizapo India), sakufuna - mpaka pano, mulimonse - kuthana ndi nkhondo yoyambilira, chiwawa, chisalungamo, ndi kuzunzika kozama kwambiri kwa anthu komwe masiku ano zikuwoneka kuti n'kotheka (ndipo mwa njira zina zatulutsidwa kale) mu mawonekedwe a kusintha kwa nyengo; ndi kuti iwo mwamapangidwe sangathe kutero. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha umbombo wawo wofuna kukhala ndi mphamvu zolamulira komanso kuganizira kwambiri za 'zokonda zadziko', kulamulira komwe mabungwe ndi zilankhulo zina zachinsinsi zili nazo pa iwo ndi pa ndale, komanso kusawona bwino komanso kulephera kwa maboma kuganiza motalikirapo. -nthawi komanso zokonda za dziko lonse lapansi.
Ndizofunikanso kwambiri kuti Msonkhanowu ukuchitikira mumzinda wa Cochabamba, womwe m'chaka cha 2000 unali malo a mbiri yakale komanso yopambana ya 'Nkhondo Yamadzi' yotsutsana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa madzi.
[Iv]
Makamaka polingalira za kulephera ndi kupusa kwa njira ya ku Copenhagen, pali chifukwa chabwino chokhulupirira ndi kutsutsa kuti. zomwe Bolivia wachita ndizofunikira kwambiri ndi zimenezo zimafuna chisamaliro chathu chapafupi. Chidziwitso ichi chikhala chonchi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ikunena kuti tiyenera kuyang'ana mozama ndi kugwirizana ndi zomwe zili, nthawi, malingaliro abwino, ndi kulembera Maitanidwe paziganizo zina zazikulu, zomwe ndikuyesera ndikuziyika pansipa malinga ndi mfundo khumi.
Mfundo khumi za chinkhoswe
Chimodzi, ngakhale Maitanidwe aperekedwa ndi boma, ili ndi boma losiyana. Tiyenera kuzindikira ndikuwerenga kuti dziko la Bolivia, momwe likuyimira lero (koma zambiri pa izi pansipa), ndi chikhalidwe kayendedwe boma. Awa si mawu okhawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri ofufuza za chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi ndale (mwachitsanzo, Guillermo Delgado-P, akubwera (2010) - 'Kukhazikitsanso Bolivia : A Social Movements State ?', mu Jai Sen ndi Peter Waterman, ed, coming (2010a) - Worlds of Movement, Worlds in Movement. New Delhi: OpenWord) koma paokha ndi Purezidenti wake Evo Morales Ayma, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti รlvaro Garcรญa Linera, ndi kazembe wake ku UN Angรฉlica Navarro, pakati pa ena. Iwo amadziona okha mwanjira imeneyo, pokhala atakula kuchokera ku kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe cha anthu ndipo akadali okhazikika pamenepo - ndipo m'njira zambiri akuwoneka kuti akuwona kuti boma ndi chida cha zikhumbo za kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe cha anthu pokambirana za chikhalidwe, zachuma, ndi ndale; komanso zachilengedwe.
Tiyeneranso kuwerenga zolemba zabwino ndikuzindikira kuti munthu yemwe dzina lake laitanidwa, Evo Morales Ayma, amadziwika kuti ndi Purezidenti wa "Plurinational State". Kufotokozera uku, komwe kumachokera ku Constitution yatsopano ya Bolivia yomwe idakonzedwa ndikuperekedwa pambuyo pa chisankho cha Morales,
[V] mwina ndi chizindikiritso chapadera, komanso kuchoka pagulu lodziwika bwino la boma.
Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti kutengedwa palimodzi izi zimapanga 'dziko' losiyana kwambiri ndi lina lililonse, mwinamwake, lomwe lilipo masiku ano padziko lapansi, ndipo kumene kuli ochepa kwambiri otere omwe akhalapo m'mbiri; ndi pamene zomwe zidalipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakhalitsa, monga chotsatira cha kukhala pansi pa zovuta zakunja ndi zamkati.
Ndipo potsiriza pa mfundo yoyamba iyi, tikuyenera kuwerenga chikhalidwe cha ndale cha Kuyitana uku, pomwe malingaliro anayi mwa asanu omwe amapanga ndi ofunikira pamwamba ndi kupyola dzikolo:
- A Universal Declaration of Mother Earth Ufulu
- Bungwe la Peoples' World Referendum pa Kusintha kwa Nyengo
- Kupanga ndondomeko yopititsa patsogolo kukhazikitsidwa kwa a Climate Justice Tribunal
- Kufotokozera njira zogwirira ntchito ndi kulimbikitsana kuteteza moyo kuchokera ku Kusintha kwa Nyengo ndi kuteteza Ufulu wa Mayi Earth.
Boma lililonse litha kuyitanira โMsonkhano wa Anthuโ (ndipo ambiri amatero); koma ochepa ali ndi kuvomerezeka kulikonse kutero, ndi kuchita chinachake chonga ichi. Uyu amatero.
Ngakhale titanena izi, tiyeneranso kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti dziko la Bolivia - monga lina lililonse, komanso chifukwa chake, gulu lililonse lachitukuko - silili lokhazikika komanso kuti ndizotheka kuti pali zosiyana zingapo. chizolowezi mkati mwake, kukoka ndi kukankhira mbali zosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazotsatira zambiri za izi ndikuti pangakhale zosagwirizana ndi zotsutsana zamkati ngakhale muzochita zabwino zomwe zimatengera, monga Msonkhano uwu.
Awiri, tikuyenera kuzindikira kuti dziko la Bolivia lilinso ndi kuvomerezeka kwina kwapadera kopanga Kuitana uku, popeza adachita gawo lalikulu pa Msonkhano wa ku Copenhagen, pamodzi ndi a Maldives ndi m'modzi kapena awiri ena, pofotokoza osati malingaliro a 'Kumwera' koma za. anthu wamba kulikonse padziko lapansi.
[vi]
atatu, tiyenera kuwerenga ndi kuzindikira kuti Evo Morales Ayma, Purezidenti wa Bolivia, mwiniwake wa Aymara - munthu wamba, wochokera ku gulu lalikulu kwambiri la anthu a ku Bolivia - komanso kuti dziko la Bolivia lero likutsogoleredwa ndi anthu amtundu; ndi kuti kusokonekera kwa chikhalidwe komwe kudapangitsa kuti asankhidwe mu 2006, kenako kusankhidwanso mu 2009, kudali kutsogozedwa ndi anthu amtundu wawo komanso mayendedwe awo. Zambiri zitha kunenedwa pa izi, koma awa simalo ake; Choncho tiyeni tingonena kuti ponena za mbiri ya dziko lapansi ndi mmene anthu eni eni akhala akuchitiridwa mbiri yakale ndi atsamunda ndi magulu a atsamunda - ku Latin America ndi m'madera onse a dziko lapansi -, momwe zinthu zilili masiku ano ku Bolivia ndizochepa. zodabwitsa komanso zosokoneza mbiri. Mwanjira zina, zikuyimira gawo latsopano m'mbiri, ndipo chifukwa Evo Morales adafika paudindo uwu ngati mtsogoleri wa gulu la anthu ambiri, mwina ndiwofunika kwambiri kuposa kusankhidwa kwa munthu wamtundu ngati Purezidenti wa USA.
Four, nthawi zambiri timafunika kuwerenga, kuzindikira, ndikuchita mogwirizana kwambiri ndi ufulu, zigawenga, ndi zotsutsana ndi ma imperialist za pulogalamu yapakhomo ya boma la Bolivia (monga kusintha kwa nthaka, kusintha kwachuma, ndi kulanda Makampani ena akuluakulu ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwawo / kukhala pansi paulamuliro wa chikhalidwe cha anthu; ndipo momveka bwino mu masomphenya a Constitution yatsopano adalemba ndikuvomerezedwa.
[vii]) - makamaka pa nthawi ino ya mbiri ya dziko.
zisanu, tifunikanso kuwerenga chipwirikiti ichi - makamaka, Kuitana uku - monga gawo limodzi komanso mogwirizana ndi zokopa zambiri zomwe zikuchitika pakati pa anthu amtundu ku America lero, makamaka ku South ndi Central America; komanso ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe ndi ndale komwe kukuchitika kudera limenelo la dziko lapansi (chimodzi chokha chomwe chakhala chisankho chaposachedwa cha apurezidenti m'maiko osachepera asanu ndi atatu omwe anganene momveka bwino kuti ndi 'amanzere'). Mwa zina, kuyitanidwa kwa Msonkhano wa Padziko Lonse ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi mzimu wa Kuitana komwe kunaperekedwa mu May 2009 ndi CAOI - Coordinadora Andina de Organizaciones Indigenas (Andean Coordinating Organisation for Indigenous Organisations) ndi ena a 'Minga (Convergence, Mobilisation) kwa Mayi Earth ndi Forum on Civilizational Crisis and Alternative Paradigms',
[viii] komanso zomwe zili mu Declaration of the Indigenous Peoples zomwe zinaperekedwa ndi CAOI ndi ena ochokera ku World Social Forum yomwe inachitikira ku Belรฉm, Amazonia, Brazil, mu January 2009.
[ix]
Ngakhale pakadali pano sitikudziwa ngati CAOI ndi mabungwe ena omwe amagwira nawo ntchito avomereza Kuitana kwa Bolivia,
[x] palibe kukayikira kuti ngakhale kukhalapo limodzi, ndipo mwinamwake kugwirizana, kwa mafunde awiriwa akulonjeza kusintha kwa dziko - kutanthauziranso kumasulidwa ndi kukonzanso ndale zamanzere ndi zomasuka. Tiyeneranso kukhala amoyo kuti mwina ndi nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri kuti pempho la anthu amtundu wamba lifike pa dziko lonse motere, choncho - kuwerenganso ndale zachikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale ya zochitikazo - ife. afunika kuchita mwa mzimu wa mgwirizano wapagulu.
[xi] Kuchita mogwirizana ndi ntchito yotereyi kudzatanthauza kuchita mogwirizana ndi gulu lalikulu lomwe likubwera lolimbikitsanso - ndipo kupyolera mu izi tikhoza kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso ndale zathu.
Six, chifukwa cha zonsezi, tiyenera kuzindikira chikhalidwe cha kumasula, chiwembu, ndi chotsutsana ndi imperialist cha ndondomeko iyi yapadziko lonse, yodutsa mayiko, ndi yapadziko lonse ya Bolivia, pachigawo ndi dziko lonse lapansi, pazigawo zingapo za matanthauzo komanso molingana ndi maufumu angapo. ;
[xii] tifunikanso kuzindikira kuti motere, zidzakhala pansi pa chitsenderezo chachikulu kuchokera kwa onse omwe amatsutsa kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa ndale ndi zachuma zomwe zimafunika kuti izi zitheke - kukakamizidwa kuti agwirizane ndi Msonkhano, kukakamizidwa kuti asokoneze. ; ndipo chifukwa chake tiyenera kuchita zonse zomwe tingathe kuti tigwirizane nawo mozama ndikuthandizira.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri, Kuitana - makamaka - kuli ndi chidwi chapadera komanso kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe ka anthu ku India. Choyamba, zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi mzimu wa Statement yomwe idaperekedwa ndi India Climate Justice Network mu Novembala 2009, monga kalata yopita kwa Prime Minister.
[xiii]
Chachiwiri, chifukwa cha udindo wapamwamba kwambiri woti boma la India lakwanitsa kudzithandizira lokha pakusintha kwanyengo polumikizana ndi mayiko ena azachuma omwe mpaka posachedwapa ankatchedwa 'Kumwera' (Brazil, China, ndi South Africa), kupanga gulu lotchedwa 'BASIC') komanso mayiko a BASIC akuchita mgwirizano ndi US. Palibe kukayikira kuti tifunika kuwona zokambirana zapadziko lonse zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, choncho komanso Msonkhano uwu, osati motsatira ndondomeko ya UNFCCC komanso ponena za chuma cha padziko lonse komanso geo-ndale; ndipo kotero, kaya Bolivia ikugwirizana kapena ayi ndi zochita za gulu la BASIC ku Copenhagen, idzafunika kuyesera kuti gululi, ndi mayiko omwe ali mamembala, akhale ndi udindo waukulu pa Msonkhano wa Cochabamba - koma pamene, ngati izi zikuchitika, Anthu aku Bolivia angapemphedwe ndi mayiko oterowo kuti asiye malingaliro awo okhwima kwambiri.
[xiv]
Ndipo chachitatu, chifukwa pali kupitilizabe pakati pa lingaliro lozama ili la Mayi Earth - pano, lofotokozedwa ndi anthu amtundu wa Andes ku America monga Amayi Earth ndi zilankhulo zachibadwidwe monga Pachamama - ndi lingaliro la dharati ma zomwe zimalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi kuchitidwa ndi Adivasis (anthu amtundu wamba) ndi alimi ku India ndipo chifukwa chake zakhazikika kwambiri m'zikhalidwe zathu za dera lino ladziko lapansi. Ife, monga umunthu, choncho talumikizidwa kale pamodzi padziko lonse lapansi - ndipo ndithudi, omangidwa pamodzi - ndi lingaliro lofunikira ili; choncho umakhala udindo wathu monga anthu kumadera onse a dziko lapansi kulemekeza, kuteteza, ndi kulimbikitsa ganizoli.
Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kwathu ndi Maitanidwe ochokera ku India ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi kulumikizana ndi onse padziko lapansi omwe amakhulupirira njira zotere zokhudzana ndi kwathu kuno kotchedwa dziko lapansi komanso ndi onse omwe amatsutsa zochitika zomwe zingatheke. , kusagwirizana. Limapereka njira yofalitsira malingaliro athu ndi malingaliro athu padziko lonse lapansi, yosinthana kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa padziko lonse lapansi, ndikufufuza limodzi ndikupanga njira zina zandale. Ndipo zowonadi, chifukwa cha zikhalidwe zathu komanso chifukwa cha chitukuko chamasiku ano, magulu a anthu komanso anthu ena okhudzidwa ku India alinso ndi udindo wapadera wochita izi.
Ndipo mowonjezereka, zikhoza kutsutsidwa kuti zomwezo mwina zimagwira ntchito kumagulu a anthu ndi mabungwe ku Brazil ndi South Africa, komanso ngakhale kwa anthu ochita masewera ku China; ndipo makamaka kwa zisudzo zofanana padziko lonse lapansi.
zisanu ndi zitatu, ndipo mogwirizana ndi izi, tiyeneranso kuzindikira kuti Kuitana uku kwa Evo Morales Ayma monga Purezidenti wa "Plurinational State of Bolivia" ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi Kuitana komwe kunapangidwa chaka chatha ndi Hugo Chavez, monga Purezidenti wa Venezuela, kukhazikitsidwa kwa 'Fifth International'.
[xv] Izi ndi momwe zilili, poyamba, molingana ndi mzimu wake womasuka komanso pomwe sizikuyitanitsa bungwe latsopano lapadziko lonse lapansi koma
ndondomeko zapadziko lonse lapansi (kapena gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi) - kumanga kapena kuthandizira pakusintha kwanyengo padziko lonse lapansi komanso njira zapadziko lonse lapansi zotsutsana ndi njira zopulumutsira kutengera zovuta zenizeni; ndipo chachiwiri, ponena za kuwona kwake ndondomekoyi ngati
mwachindunji kukula kuchokera zowawa za Mayi Dziko ndi organically okhudzana ndi iwo - osati kupatukana. Lingaliro lomwe la Maitanidwe awiri, ndi la ndale mu Maitanidwe awiriwa, ndi losiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale Morales ndi Chavez akuwoneka mwanjira ina kudera (Latin America) komanso padziko lonse lapansi ngati ogwirizana komanso onse omwe ali 'kumanzere', ndipo ngakhale onsewo achokera m'magawo omwe si okhazikika m'magulu awo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira. kuti mapulojekiti awiriwa ndi osiyana ndipo tiyenera kugwirizanitsa mosamala, motsutsa, komanso mosiyana.
zisanu ndi zinayi, ngakhale kuti iyi ndi nkhani yapakhomo m'njira zina, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti Evo Morales ndi boma lake, mofanana ndi magulu onse a zigawenga ndi okhwima, ali pansi pa chitsenderezo chachikulu m'dziko lawo ndipo makamaka chifukwa cha zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, tiyenera , nthawi zambiri, kuchita nawo mgwirizano. Zomwe akhala akuchita kwa zaka zopitirira zinayi, ndipo achita bwino kukambirana pamadzi achipwirikiti (ndikutsutsidwa kwakukulu mkati mwa anthu okhala kum'mawa kwa Bolivia ndi kunja - komanso mkati - kuchokera ku US ndi mabungwe akunja), ndizodabwitsa. Kugwirizana ndi kugwirizana ndi Kuitana uku kumatanthauzanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji ndi kwamphamvu kwa mgwirizano ndi wofunikira kwambiri mu mbiri yakale yadziko lapansi ndi ndale; yomwe ikupangadi mbiri yofunikira. Ndipo monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, kutero kungakhalenso njira yokonzanso ndikutsitsimutsanso ndale zathu.
Pomaliza, khumi, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ndondomeko yotchedwa 'inter-governmental' yotchedwa COP - ndi msonkhano womaliza womwe unachitikira ku Copenhagen mu December 2009, ndi msonkhano waukulu wotsatira ku Mexico mu December 2010 - sungathe kupita kulikonse; ndi kuti maboma, omwe amalimbikitsidwa monga momwe amachitira ndi mabungwe, ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe amachitira nthawi zonse pofuna kulamulira (mphamvu zolamulira ena), ndizokayikitsa kwambiri kuti athe kutenga udindo womveka bwino, wanthawi yaitali kuti athandize. ya dziko lapansi. Kuwakonzanso kudzafunika, pang'ono, maphunziro ochuluka a anthu ndi kukakamizidwa; ndipo ngati anganyalanyaze kupsyinjika kwakukulu komwe kunkafika ku Copenhagen, monga momwe adachitira mobisa - kuphatikizapo kupyolera mu kuponderezedwa ndi kumangidwa - akhoza kuchitanso. Chilichonse chomwe amachita nthawi zonse chimakhala chomwe ali nacho, chomwe chimakhala chowongolera, mdziko lonse lapansi komanso padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuitana kwa Bolivia ndikuyitanitsa njira ina yosinthira, kupangidwa mokomera dziko lapansi lotchedwa Dziko Lapansi lomwe ndi Kwathu, ndi mphamvu pakati pa anthu adziko lapansi: Mphamvu yodzisintha tokha ndi dziko lapansi, ndikumanga moyo ndi dziko labwino, chilungamo, mgwirizano. ulemu, ndi mtendere. Komanso, m'mawu a John Holloway, ndi mng'alu
[xvi] : Mngโalu pakhoma umene ndi boma; mng'alu wa njira yopita ku mtsogolo yomwe ikukonzedwera ife pakali pano, ya maboma ndi mabungwe osandutsa vuto lililonse kukhala mwayi wina wofunafuna phindu; mng'alu momwe muli mbewu tsopano - njere zomwe zimatha kuthyola makoma amenewo, njira izi. Malingaliro aku Bolivia ndi mbewu zimenezo. Tonsefe tiri, kapena tikhoza kukhala, mbewu zimenezo. Ngati timakhulupirira kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kuteteza ndi kulera Dziko Lapansi, tiyenera kugwirizana mozama koma momasuka ndikugwira ntchito limodzi ndi izi; ndipo tifunikanso kuyesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti kusinthaku kumakhalabe chikhalidwe chake chofunikira, chifukwa izi zikhala pachiwopsezo nthawi zonse.
Nthawi nayonso ndiyofunika, ndipo nthawi yoti muchitepo kanthu ndi TSOPANO. Popereka Call for the Cochabamba Conference atangotha โโโโku Copenhagen, ndikukonza miyezi isanu ndi itatu msonkhano wotsatira wa COP ku Mexico usanachitike, anthu aku Bolivia apeza mwayi wopangitsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano wamphamvu wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ndondomeko yomwe ilipo pakali pano ya COP. magulu onse : Pa mlingo wa kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe ndi ndale, pa mlingo wa boma, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, pagulu la anthu ndi malingaliro a anthu kulikonse.
Ndipo komabe, kufunikira kokambirana kofunikira ...
Kukumbukira zonsezi, ndikukumbukiranso kuti pali zina zambiri zokhudzana ndi nyengo ku India ndi ku India, tikufunika - ndikukhulupirira - kuchita nawo mokwanira lingaliro lililonse lachiyambi cha Bolivia ndikupanga gulu lazinthu zomwe zingathandize. mwamphamvu, payekha komanso pagulu, ku Msonkhano wa Cochabamba ndi ndondomeko.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndikukumbukira zotsatira za ndondomeko ya COP, sitiyenera kulingalira zokhudzana ndi Maitanidwe a boma la Bolivia malinga ndi msonkhano wa Cochabamba, kapena ngakhale kulowererapo komwe akufuna kupanga mwalamulo. ndondomeko yapakati pa maboma (yomwe, kubwereza, ndi imodzi yokha mwa malingaliro angapo omwe apereka mu Kuyitana). M'malo mwake, ndipo mwinanso makamaka, tiyenera kugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika molingana ndi malingaliro ena anayi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, omwe pamodzi amaphatikiza kukhala ndi kampasi yotakata komanso kukhala wowongolera. ndondomeko kuti a Bolivia atsegula.
Mbali inayi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngakhale tikuchita mogwirizana, tifunikanso kukhala ndikukhalabe odziwa zoperewera ndi zotsutsana zomwe zingatheke pa ndondomeko ya Bolivia. Makamaka, tikuyenera kuzindikira zakusintha kwakusinthana komwe kungachitike ku Cochabamba, komanso momwe (ndipo pafupifupi) kuyang'ana kwambiri pamachitidwe apakati pamaboma (UNFCCC) - kaya boma la Bolivia likufuna kuti izi zichitike. kapena osati.
Choyamba, Bolivia monga wolandira alendo adayitana poyera zigawo zonse za mayiko omwe si a boma, koma mwatsoka, ngakhale kuyitana koyambirira kwa Evo Morales kunali "makhalidwe a anthu" ochokera kudziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo zikuwoneka kuti zakhala zochepa. kusintha kwakukulu kwa chidwi. M'zidziwitso zaposachedwa, boma la Bolivia laika chidwi kwambiri pa 'NGOS' (komanso 'akatswiri'). Ngakhale zitachita izi chifukwa zikugwiritsa ntchito mawu ovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi a UN (pomwe magulu a anthu akuphatikizidwa mkati mwa tanthauzo la UN la NGOs), omalizawo ndi gulu lomwe ndi losiyana kwambiri ndi magulu a anthu ndi mabungwe otchuka, ndipo ali ndi zambiri. zokonda zosiyanasiyana, ndipo pokhapokha ngati anthu aku Bolivia achita izi mosamala kwambiri, kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu kumeneku kuyenera kukhudza kwambiri njira yomwe atsegulira, mwina m'njira zosagwirizana komanso zotsutsana ndi zomwe akufuna.
Kumbali ina, chifukwa cha zovuta zazachuma komanso kusowa kwa chidwi pankhaniyi, izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale boma la Bolivia likunena kuti likuyembekeza kuti magulu ambiri ochokera ku Latin America atenge nawo mbali, mwina pangakhale magulu ochepa ochezera. kuchokera kumadera ena a South (Africa, Asia). Kumbali ina, izi zikutanthauzanso kuti msonkhano wa Cochabamba uyeneranso kusefukira ndi mabungwe omwe si aboma odziwa zambiri, odziwa bwino ntchito, komanso olumikizidwa bwino, makamaka ochokera Kumpoto komanso ochokera Kumpoto kumwera, ambiri mwa iwo amakhulupirira. Mgwirizano wapakati pa maboma a COP ndi/kapena sangathe kuwona kupyola pa izo, ndipo motero zikhala zoyendetsa zopanga mtundu wazovuta zotsutsana ndi kusintha mkati mwake. Izi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi - ndipo zimatsutsana ndi - malingaliro ademokalase omwe anenedwa bwino mpaka pano ndi boma la Bolivia.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pamene tikuyenera kuyamikira kutseguka kwa anthu a ku Bolivia, ntchito yomwe mabungwe omwe siaboma omwe siaboma achita ku Cochabamba Conference - limodzi ndi kusowa kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, osati kuwalimbikitsa. Ndipo ngakhale tikuyamikira zenizeni za zovuta zothandizira (zobweretsa oimira magulu ochokera kumadera ena a Kumwera), kuoneka ngati kusowa chidwi pankhaniyi kukusonyeza kuti tikutaya mwayi wofunikira womanga maulalo a Kumwera-Kumwera. Chisamaliro chochuluka chikuyenera kuperekedwa ku izi - ndi anthu aku Bolivia komanso tonsefe padziko lonse lapansi - ngati mbewu zaku Bolivia zivomerezedwe, ndikubzalidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndipo chachiwiri, boma la Bolivia nalonso latsegula mokwanira kuti liyitanire mayiko onse kuti abwere ku Msonkhano wa Cochabamba, mulimonse momwe ntchito yawo inaliri ku Copenhagen.
[xvii] Mwachiwonekere, cholinga chawo chochita izi ndi kulola nthumwi zotere kuti ziwone ndikuyanjana ndi magulu a anthu ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma - koma ngati zoona zake n'zakuti, akabwera, adzakhalanso akuthandizira kwambiri zotsatira za msonkhano. . Mwachidule, ndizotheka kuti chifukwa cha izi, kuyang'ana kwa COP kudzasokonezanso ndi/kapena kulemetsa zoyeserera zaku Bolivia.
Pomaliza, tikuyeneranso kukhala amoyo pakutsutsidwa komwe kukubwera ku Bolivia - monga momwe boma lidapereka Kuyitana uku kwa msonkhano wapadziko lonse wa anthu, ndi malingaliro okhwima, zochita zake mkati mwa dzikoli pokhudzana ndi zovuta zomwe zikugwirizana mwachindunji monga chitetezo cha chilengedwe sichikugwirizana.
[xviii], [xix] Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti izi zingatheke ndi kuphunzira kudzudzula kotereku ndi zomwe zikuchitika mosamalitsa, ngakhale tikuchita mogwirizana.
Koma, ndipo pomaliza, ndikukhulupirira kuti pa nthawi ino ya mbiri ya dziko, tiyenera kukweza maso athu ndi kuganiza ndi kuchita pa mlingo wina: Mwachidule, ngati tingathe kuzindikira chimene ndachitcha โufulu, zigawenga, ndi zotsutsa- za imperialist" za boma la Bolivia's Call, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kutenga njira zotsimikizika komanso zolingalira zomwe tingathe kuteteza ndikulimbikitsa izi - komanso osaupereka, komanso kuti asalole kuti Msonkhano wa Cochabamba usokonezedwe kapena kugwedezeka. Tifunikanso, monga tanenera kale, kulemekeza mbiri yakale kuti mwina ndi nthawi yoyamba kuti malingaliro a anthu amtundu wawo afike padziko lapansi motere - kotero kuti agwirizane nawo ndi ulemu wapadziko lonse ndi mgwirizano.
Kulikonse komwe muli padziko lapansi : Khalani mbewu !
MSONKHANO WA ANTHU PADZIKO LONSE PA KUSINTHA KWA NYENGO
NDI UFULU WA AMAYI DZIKO LAPANSI
Poganizira kuti kusintha kwa nyengo kumaimira chiwopsezo chenicheni cha kukhalapo kwa anthu, zamoyo ndi Mayi athu Earth monga tikudziwira lero;
Powona kuopsa koopsa komwe kulipo kuzilumba, madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, madzi oundana a m'mapiri a Himalaya, Andes ndi mapiri a dziko lapansi, mapiri a Dziko Lapansi, madera otentha monga Africa, magwero a madzi, anthu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa masoka achilengedwe, zomera ndi zinyama, ndi chilengedwe chonse;
Kufotokozera momveka bwino kuti omwe akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo adzakhala osauka kwambiri padziko lapansi omwe adzawona nyumba zawo ndi magwero awo opulumukira akuwonongedwa, ndipo adzakakamizika kusamuka ndi kufunafuna chitetezo;
Kutsimikizira kuti 75% ya mpweya wowonjezera kutentha wa mbiriyakale unachokera ku mayiko a Kumpoto omwe adatsata njira ya mafakitale opanda nzeru;
Poona kuti kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zotsatira za dongosolo la capitalist;
Kudandaula kulephera kwa Msonkhano wa Copenhagen chifukwa cha mayiko otchedwa "otukuka", omwe amalephera kuzindikira ngongole ya nyengo yomwe ali nayo ndi mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, mibadwo yamtsogolo ndi Mayi Earth;
Kutsimikizira kuti pofuna kutsimikizira kukwaniritsidwa kwathunthu kwa ufulu wa anthu m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi chimodzi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ndikulemekeza ufulu wa Mayi Earth;
Kutsimikiziranso kufunikira komenyera chilungamo chanyengo;
Pozindikira kufunika kochitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti apewe kuwonongeka ndi kuzunzika kwina kwa anthu, Mayi Earth ndi kubwezeretsa mgwirizano ndi chilengedwe;
Ndikukhulupirira kuti anthu adziko lapansi, motsogozedwa ndi mfundo za mgwirizano, chilungamo ndi kulemekeza moyo, adzatha kupulumutsa anthu ndi Mayi Earth, ndi
Kukondwerera Tsiku Lapadziko Lonse la Mayiko Padziko Lapansi,
Boma la Plurinational State of Bolivia likuyitanitsa anthu adziko lapansi, magulu amagulu a anthu, komanso omenyera ufulu wa Mayi Earth, ndikuyitanitsa asayansi, ophunzira, maloya ndi maboma omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito ndi nzika zawo Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa Anthu pa Kusintha kwa Nyengo ndi Ufulu wa Mayi Earth idzachitika kuyambira pa 20 mpaka 22nd April 2010 ku Cochabamba, Bolivia.[xx]
Msonkhano wa Peoples' World Conference on Climate Change and Mother Earth's Rights uli ndi zolinga:
1) Kusanthula zomwe zimayambitsa structural ndi systemic zomwe zimayendetsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndikupereka malingaliro okhwima kuti awonetsetse kuti anthu onse akukhala bwino mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe
2) Kukambilana ndi kuvomerezana ntchito ya Universal Declaration of Mother Earth Rights
3) Kugwirizana pamalingaliro a mapangano atsopano ku Kyoto Protocol ndi ntchito za COP Decision pansi pa United Nations Framework for Climate Change zomwe zidzawongolere zomwe zidzachitike m'tsogolomu m'mayiko omwe ali ndi moyo panthawi yokambirana za kusintha kwa nyengo komanso zochitika zonse za United Nations, zokhudzana ndi:
- Ngongole yanyengo
- Kusintha kwa nyengo osamukira-othawa kwawo
- Kuchepetsa umuna
- Kusintha
- Kusintha kwaukadaulo
- Finance
- Forest and Climate Change
- Masomphenya Ogawana
- Anthu Achilengedwe, ndi
โ Ena.
4) Kugwira ntchito bungwe la Peoples' World Referendum on Climate Change
5) Kusanthula ndi kupanga ndondomeko yochitira kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikitsidwa kwa Climate Justice Tribunal
6) Kufotokozera njira zogwirira ntchito ndi kulimbikitsa anthu kuteteza moyo ku Kusintha kwa Nyengo ndi kuteteza Ufulu wa Mayi Earth.
Bolivia, Januware 5, 2010
Evo Morales Ayma
Purezidenti wa
Plurinational State of Bolivia
[I] Ndinakonza zolemba zoyamba za Chidziwitso ichi mu Januwale 2010, pempho la gulu la anthu ochokera m'magulu ndi magulu ogwirizana omwe ayamba kukumana ku New Delhi kuti akhazikitse njira yotalikirapo yodzitchinjiriza komanso kuchitapo kanthu mozama pazinthu zazikulu kuyenda; komanso kwa omwe ndidapereka lingaliro la mgwirizano ndi zomwe zachitika ku Bolivia zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Chidziwitsochi. Ndikuyamikira kwanga kwa otsatirawa : Chifukwa cha ndemanga zawo pa ndondomeko yoyamba ya mawu oyambawa, Julia Sรกnchez, Kolya Abramsky, Lee Cormie, ndi Peter Waterman; Ashok Chowdhury chifukwa cha mgwirizano wake wapafupi komanso wovuta komanso mgwirizano, komanso zopereka, kupititsa patsogolo malingaliro ndi malingaliro awa muzolemba zachitatu; msonkhano wa gulu la Delhi pa March 2 2010 kuti akambirane momveka bwino momwe angagwirizanitse ndi Msonkhano wa Cochabamba, chifukwa cha ndemanga zawo ndi kuitanira kwawo kuti awunikenso ndikukonzekera ndondomeko yachinayi; ndi Mayra Gomez ndi Julia Sรกnchez chifukwa cha ndemanga zothandiza kwambiri ndikuwongolera zolemba zanga zachinayi. Pomaliza, ndikufuna kufotokoza ngongole yanga kwa John Holloway chifukwa cha lingaliro la kusweka - komanso, ndikuganiza, komanso kukhala mbewu.
[Ii] Ngati simunawonepo kale filimu yamphamvu ya Yann Arthus-Bertrand yotchedwa 'Home', ikuwonetsa bwino momwe dziko lathu lilili, muyenera kutero. Mutha kuwona ndi/kapena kukopera @
www.home-2009.com/.
[viii] Onani : Coordinadora Andina de Organizaciones Indรญgenas (CAOI), Coordinadora de las Organizaciones Indรญgenas de la Cuenca Amazรณnica (COICA), Consejo Indรญgena de Centro Amรฉrica (CICA), Movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales SindST โ Tierra, and others.
Minga Global ndi Madre Tierra / Global Mobilization for Mother Earth', mu Spanish ndi Chingerezi, inapezeka pa 04.03.2010 @
http://minkandina.org/mingaglobal/.
[x] Zolemba za Diary za JS, 04-27.03.2010 : Pa msonkhano wa February 8 2010, wokonzedwa ndi okonza msonkhano wa Cochabamba, ndinafunsa Pablo Solรณn (Kazembe wa Kusintha kwa Climate ku Bolivia ndi munthu amene akuyang'anira Msonkhano) momwe Msonkhanowo unaliri. kuzinthu zomwe zachitika kale polemekeza Mayi Earth ndi CAOI ndi ena. Ananenanso kuti "akulumikizana kwambiri ndi mabungwe onse azikhalidwe mderali". (Iye anawonjezera, komabe, kuti panthaลตiyo mโkupita kwanthaลตi iwo anali adakali ndi mayanjano ofooka kwambiri ndi mabungwe ndi magulu otchuka mu Afirika ndi Asia, ndipo anapempha thandizo mโkukulitsa zimenezi.) Kugwirizana kwapafupi kumeneku kunatsindikiritsidwa mโkalata imene ndinalandira. pa March 23 2010 kuchokera kwa Nick Buxton, yemwe akugwira ntchito ngati Media Liaison ku Cochabamba Conference, yomwe inanena kuti "akuyembekezera zikwi kuchokera kumagulu a anthu ochokera ku Latin America".
Munthawi yomweyi, komanso pempho la msonkhano wa Marichi 2 ku Delhi, ndidalembera mwachindunji ku CAOI ndi ena kuti ndifunse za izi koma sindinamvepo.
Ine Komabe ndalandira zidutswa ziwiri zokhudzana zambiri pankhaniyi, pakali pano. Choyamba, CAOI inali ndi msonkhano wa bungwe, kuphatikizapo zisankho za utsogoleri, mu theka loyamba la Marichi 2010 - ndipo chifukwa chake zinali kuyembekezera kuti idzakambirana za ubale wake ndi msonkhano wa Cochabamba pamsonkhano uno. Ndipo awiri, Mayra Gomez adanenanso kuti CAOI idalembetsa kale chochitika chodzikonzekeretsa pamsonkhano wotchedwa.
'El Buen Vivir de los Pueblos Indรญgenas Andinos como alternativa al Cambio Climรกtico' (Lingaliro la 'Andean Indigenous Peoples' la Living Well ngati njira ina yothana ndi vuto la Kusintha kwanyengo'), likupezeka mu Chingerezi @
http://pwccc.wordpress.com/2010/03/03/762/#more-762.
Ngakhale CAOI idalembetsa mwambowu komabe, ndizodziwikiratu kuti ngakhale funso lofunikira la 'Mother Earth' (kapena Pachamama) ndizofala kuyitanidwa kwa CAOI ndipo Msonkhano, CAOI ilibe ulalo pawebusayiti yake ku Msonkhano; komanso kuti zonena za Msonkhano wa Cochabamba mu lipoti lake pa webusayiti yake pa msonkhano wake wa bungwe (wofikira m'modzi @
http://www.minkandina.org/index.php?news=288) ndizochepa; kungoti idzatenga nawo mbali.
Ngakhale palibe chifukwa choganizira kuti ubale wa CAOI ndi msonkhano wa ku Cochabamba ndi wodziwika bwino, kuziziritsa kumeneku kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chachikulu chotereku kumafuna kulingalira.
[xi] Kuti mukambirane za lingaliro ili, onani: John Brown Childs, 2003 -
Transcommunality : Kuchokera pa Ndale Zosintha Kupita ku Makhalidwe Olemekezeka. Philadelphia : Temple University Press; ndi kuyesa kukhazikitsa izi, Jai Sen, May 2009b - 'Kuyenda Padziko Lapansi Pamodzi: Kalata Yotseguka kwa Puno Cumbre /
Caminar Hacia wa Tierra Juntos : Una Carta Abierta ndi la Cumbre de Puno'. Dt May 22 2009. Ipezeka 27.10.09 @
http://www.openspaceforum.net/twiki/tiki-index.php?page=MingaInDefence&highlight=towards%20walking.
[xii] Kuti mukambirane za lingaliro la maufumu ambiri, onani: Jai Sen, March 2007d - 'Kumvetsetsa dziko lapansi : Kufunsa za ufumu ndi mphamvu'. Mau oyamba a Jai โโSen, ed, akubwera (2010a) -
Kufunsa Mafumu, Buku 2 mu
Kodi Madziko Ena Atheka? mndandanda. New Delhi: OpenWord ndi Daanish.
[xiii] New Trade Union Initiative (NTUI), National Forum of Forest People and Forest Workers (NFFPFW), Focus on the Global South, Intercultural Resources, Delhi Platform, Delhi Forum, Bharat Jan Vigyan Jatha (BJVJ), ndi ena, November 2009 โ ' Memorandum Kwa Boma La India Pamsonkhano Wachikhumi Wachi 15 Wa Zipani za UNFCCC ku Copenhagen', wa November 24 2009. Wolemba Vijayan MJ waku Delhi Forum pa November 25 2009 5:32:41 pm GMT+05:30, pa chilungamo cha nyengo gulu
[imelo ndiotetezedwa], yotchedwa 'Chonde Muvomereze: Memorandum to PM on Climate Change'. Inafikira pa 05.03.2010 @
http://www.durbanclimatejustice.org/?p=445 komanso ngati chikalata @
http://www.saded.in/Copenhagen/Climate%20Justice%20COP%2015%20Memo%20to%20PM%20final%2071209.doc
[xiv] Pamlingo wa konkire, malingaliro a Bolivia akuphatikiza kutentha kwa digirii 1 ndi mpweya wa 300 ppm, zomwe ndizotsika kwambiri kuposa zomwe chuma chachikulu komanso chotukuka m'mafakitale chikufuna, komanso kubweza ngongole ya kaboni ndi North. ; ndipo pamlingo wa geo-strategic, ukuphatikiza malingaliro okhwima-demokalase a Climate Tribunal ndi World Referendum, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
[xvi] John Holloway, nd, c.June 2007 - 'Kusweka, Kusweka, Kupambana'. Chidziwitso choperekedwa pa Msonkhano wa Gulu pa Msonkhano Wapadera ku Rostock, Germany, June 5 2007.
[xix] Ife ku India tamvapo ndemanga zofananira panthawi yokonzekera ndi kukonzekera misonkhano, kuchokera kwa anthu ochita chidwi kwambiri monga mabungwe ogwira ntchito.
[xx] Kutsindika kwaperekedwa.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
Ndalama