Gwero: Counterpunch
Kutentha kwa Arctic kukukulirakulira mpaka mbiri yatsopanoโฆ ndikukhala komweko, kuyambira Meyi chaka chino. Chowonadi kudziwika, Arctic yakhala ikutentha kwa zaka zambiri. Siberia posachedwapa inagunda 105ยฐF. Zimenezo sizachilendo. Kumatentha 30ยฐF kuposa nthawi zonse.
Kummwera kwenikweni, nkhalango ya Amazon imakanthidwa ndi chilala zaka zisanu zilizonse, osati chilala chokhazikika cha mphero koma chilala chowononga kwambiri. Satellite ya GRACE ya NASA, yoyezera madzi osungidwa pansi pa dziko lapansi idawonetsa Deep Red Zones pansi pa nkhalango ya Amazon, osati madzi abuluu.
Anthu olimbikitsa zanyengo akhala akuchenjeza za kutenthedwa kwa dziko lapansi kwa zaka makumi ambiri, kuyambira pamene Dr. James Hansen anapereka umboni ku Nyumba ya Malamulo mu 1987: โKutentha kwa dziko lapansi kwazindikirika, ndipo kukusintha nyengo yathu tsopano.โ (Hansen)
Mofulumira mpaka June 2020: Chiyambireni umboni wa Hansen, zaka makumi atatu ndi zitatu za olimbikitsa zanyengo akuluma, kuchita zionetsero, kukankha ndi kukuwa komanso kulira za CO2 yopangidwa ndi anthu sikunapite kulikonse koma kubwerera m'mbuyo monga kukwera kosalekeza kwa mpweya wa CO2 womwe ukukwera kutsogolo ku Mauna Loa. Observatory, Hawaii.
Umboni wa Post-Hansen kuchuluka kwa CO2 pachaka kwawonjezeka kuwirikiza kawiri, sikunatsike koma kuwirikiza kawiri. Mmwamba, mmwamba ndi kutali, chaka ndi chaka, izo sizimatsika konse. Ndiwoyambitsa wamkulu kuphimba mlengalenga, kusunga kutentha kwa zaka mazana ambiri ndikukhala Ovuni Yaikulu Yakumwamba.
Mwachionekere, kutentha kwakukulu kwawononga kale zachilengedwe za mโnkhalango ya Arctic ndi Amazon. M'njira, kukhumudwa kwa greenie kukufika pachimake pomwe akatswiri azachilengedwe "akulimbana" poyera.
Mwachitsanzo, filimu yotsutsana ya Michael Moore ndi Jeff Gibbs ya Planet of the Humans (Rumble Media) imakhala ngati salvo yotsegulira, kuwulula kayendedwe kobiriwira komwe kwasintha mthunzi wofiirira. Firimuyi ikuwonetsa chithunzi chowawa cha kayendedwe kamene, nthawi zina, kachoka panja.
Onse a Moore ndi Gibbs ndi obiriwira nthawi zonse omwe amabadwa obiriwira. Kanema wawo wasokoneza mayendedwe obiriwira kukhala nthawi yodzipenda komanso mkwiyo wowopsa womwe walunjikitsidwa kwa iwo, bull's-eye. Kupatula apo, filimuyi siyimakoka nkhonya powunikira matenda angapo obwera chifukwa chachinyengo omwe ali pamwamba pa utsogoleri wa chilengedwe, kutengera zofuna zamakampani zomwe moona mtima sizingakhudze thanzi lazachilengedwe, kupatula kungowonetsa.
Kupanda kutero, ngati iwo, kutanthauza zokonda zazikulu zamabizinesi ndi mabiliyoni, amasamala komanso okhudzidwa, akadataya zonse zomwe ali nazo, kuphatikiza sinki yakukhitchini, pokonza zovuta zakusintha kwanyengo. Koma sanachite zimenezo, sichoncho?
Komabe, ngati cholinga chopanga Planet of the Humans chinali "kudzutsa" (Hey fellas ndi gals, izi sizikugwira ntchito) ndiye kuti zidapambana kwambiri. Pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwa filimuyi, owonetsa obiriwira adatsutsa opanga mafilimu ngati openga, koma osati m'misewu. Mwachiwonekere, Moore ndi Gibbs adachita chidwi kwambiri.
Koma komabe, zaka 33 zolimbikitsa zobiriwira zachita chiyani? Yankho: Lembani kuchuluka kwa CO2 mumlengalenga komanso kudalira pafupifupi 80% kudalira mafuta, monga zaka 50 zapitazo. Ndi gulu liti lolimbikitsa anthu lomwe limakondwerera izi?
Tsopano, pakubwera wina wokhumudwa wakale wa greenie, Michael Shellenberger, wokonda zachilengedwe nthawi yonse ya ntchito yake, akusindikiza buku lomwe limatengera kubiriwira kwamitengo, monga momwe zawululidwa posachedwa ku Wall Street Journal ndemanga, d/d June 21st ndi John Tierney. m'buku la Shellenberger Apocalypse Never, Why Environmental Alarmism Hurts Us Us All (Harper)
Kutengera kuwunika kwa Tierney, ndikungoganiza kuti Tierney sanasankhe "chitumbuwa" ndikusisita zowona kuti akwaniritse zofuna zamakampani, mwachitsanzo, WSJ, Shellenberger amaphonya chandamale pamtunda wamtunda wamtunda. Mwachitsanzo, โkufikira munthu wodalirikaโ kwa Shellenberger kumaphatikizapo zonena zonga ngati: โAyi, kusintha kwa nyengo sikunayambitse kuwonjezereka kapena kuchulukira kwa kusefukira kwa madzi, chilala, mikuntho ndi mvula yamkuntho. Zoona? Kodi Tierney adapeza bwino? (Mwina fufuzani ndi Nebraska, Missouri, S. Dakota, Iowa, ndi Kansas ndi Chigumula Chachikulu cha 2019, chigumula chachitali kwambiri chomwe sichinachitikepo, poyambira)
Shellenberger, yemwe mwachiwonekere amalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale monga mpulumutsi wa anthu, kwenikweni akusonyeza, osati mwachiwonekere, amalonda a capitalist adapulumutsa anamgumi mwa kupeza zotsika mtengo zolowa m'malo mwa mafuta a whale, monga petroleum. Ahem!
Ndipo, osadandaula za mapulasitiki ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mphamvu zina zimaphwanya zinthuโฆ. osadandaula. Ndipo, mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo ndi yosatheka ndipo imawononga chilengedwe chomwe chimafuna malo akuluakulu ndikuwononga zomera ndi zinyama. Oo zoona! Kodi Tierney adapeza bwinoโฆ? (Ndikudziwa, ndikudziwa! "Werengani bukuli," koma, kutengera ndemanga, ayi zikomo)
Ndipo, potsirizira pake, malinga ndi Shellenberger: โNgakhale kuti kutukuka kwa mafakitale kumayambitsa kukwera kwa kanthaลตi kochepa kwa mpweya wa carbon, mโkupita kwa nthaลตi kumakhala kopindulitsa kwa chilengedwe pamene anthu akupita kumizinda, kulola minda kubwereranso ku chilengedwe, ndipo monga kulemerera kumawathandiza kusintha zinthu. kukhala ndi mphamvu zoyera komanso zocheperako.โ
Hmm - Ndikungodabwa, kuganiza mokweza, sophism imalowa kuti?
Monga cholemba chomaliza chokhudza buku la Shellenberger, kuwunikiranso kwabwino mu WSJ sichinthu chonyadira ngati ndinu wankhondo wamtundu uliwonse. Ndiwogulitsa kwambiri, ngakhale, si vuto la Shellenberger kuti WSJ idatola pa diatribe yake yamayendedwe obiriwira.
Komabe, si Wall Street ndi msuweni wake wopsompsona WSJ yemwe ali ndi udindo wopititsa patsogolo leviathan ya neoliberal yomwe "imayamwa" kuzinthu zotsalira zamafuta ndikuwononga anthu aku America apakati ndi mabungwe ndi macheke ndikuyipitsidwa potumiza ku US kupanga kunyanja kupita kumunsi kwambiri. malipiro ofanana ndi kupewa malamulo a chilengedwe? Yankho: Inde!
Kutengera kuwunika kwa Tierney, Shellenberger ndi njira imodzi yokha yopezera mafuta opangira mafuta komanso kulengeza kwa Wall Street's neoliberal dreamland. Ngakhale chigawo chake ndi chopapatiza, peresenti imodzi kuphatikiza ochepa omwe akufuna kukhala miliyoneya / mabiliyoni ambiri. Ndiye ndani amene watsala kuti agule bukuli?
Zikafika pa ulaliki wa neoliberal, ndikoyenera kutchula Ross Perot akumukhomera pamtsutso wapurezidenti wa 1992 (Bush, Clinton, Perot) pomwe adachenjeza dzikolo za chiwonongeko chotsatira m'mapazi a NAFTA: "Ngati mukulipira $12 pa ola, $ 13 pa ola kwa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale, ndipo mutha kusuntha fakitale yanu kumwera kwa malire, kulipira dola imodzi pa ola limodzi pantchito, mulibe chisamaliro chaumoyo, mulibe zowongolera zachilengedwe, zowongolera zoipitsa, komanso mapulani opuma pantchito ndipo mulibe. kusamala chilichonse kupatula kupanga ndalama, padzakhala phokoso lalikulu loyamwa lopita kummwera. "
Perot adalongosola kuti: "Mgwirizano wamtunduwu udzasokoneza dziko." PS Kulankhula kwake ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha kusintha kwa America. (Source: Perot mu 1992 Anachenjeza NAFTA Ipanga 'Giant Sucking Sound' The Washington Post, July 9, 2019)
Mawu a Perot amalankhula zambiri pamene akuwunikira chifukwa chake anthu apakati a America ndi mabungwe ake akusweka. Malingaliro a Neoliberal, pamodzi ndi kupsompsonana kwa msuweni wapadziko lonse lapansi, kutumizira antchito kunyanja, kutumiza malamulo owononga zachilengedwe kumtunda, migwirizano yosokonekera, komanso momwe kungathekere, adatengera kayendedwe ka zobiriwira ndikudzipangira okha. Motto: Chilichonse chomwe chingatenge! Pezani ndi kuchepetsa ndi/kapena kugwiritsa ntchito malonda.
Panthawiyi, dziko lapansi, polankhula m'malo mwake, mwina silikugwirizana ndi Shellenberger. Zachilengedwe zikusiyana mosiyanasiyana, zomwe Shellenberger amazinyalanyaza ndikuzitsutsa polengeza kuti ndizofunika kwambiri zamafakitale ndi mafuta oyambira pansi komanso zida zanyukiliya pazatsopano komanso zachuma. Iye amaphonya mfundo yofunika kwambiri ponena za biosphere. Chipulumutso cha anthu ndi dziko lapansi zimadalira kutaya kuyesa konse kwa neoliberal mokomera zachuma zachilengedwe zomwe zimakomera machitidwe achilengedwe ndi malingaliro aumunthu kuposa phindu ndi njira zokulirakulira zopanda malire.
Pakali pano, mu biosphere yonse, zachilengedwe zikuwonongeka. Ndizomveka, ndipo Shellenberger akudziwa. Ndipo Moore ndi Gibbs akudziwa izi ndipo adadandaula nazo. Kupitilira apo, kodi aliyense amene amadziwa zanyengo angaphonye bwanji?
Taganizirani izi: Panali pafupifupi chaka chimodzi chapitacho pamene mileme masauzande masauzande ambiri inagwa kuchokera kumwamba ku Australia chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa 42C. Malinga ndi kunena kwa Dr. Welbergen, pulezidenti wa Australasian Bat Society: โChochitika choterechi sichinachitike ku Australia chakutali chakumpoto chiyambireni kukhazikika kwa anthu a ku Ulaya,โ. (Kuchokera: Momwe Heatwave Imodzi Inaphera 'gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu' a Mitundu ya Mleme ku Australia, BBC News, Jan. 15, 2019)
Mu Meyi 2020 mileme idagwa m'misewu ku India. "Zikuwoneka kuti kufa kwakukulu kwa mileme kudayamba chifukwa cha kukha magazi muubongo, chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri." (Kuchokera: IVRI- Indian Veterinary Research Institute director RK Singh)
Osati zokhazo, mu June 2020 asayansi anatsimikizira kutentha kotentha kwambiri komwe kunalembedwapo pamalo ozizira kwambiri Padziko Lapansi: โBungwe la World Meteorological Organization likufufuza kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri ku Arctic pambuyo poti tawuni ya Verkhoyansk ku Siberia inalembetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 38 Celsius 100. madigiri Fahrenheit.โ (Kuchokera: Arctic Siberian Town Hit With Record Heatwave, Al Jazeera, June 25, 2020).
Ndiyo nyengo ya Miami, ndipo sizichitika mwadzidzidzi. Dziko lonse la Arctic lasanduka makina otentha omwe akhala akuyenda kwa zaka zambiri.
Sizokhazo, kugwa kwa chisanu ku Canada High Arctic kukuchitika zaka 70 mโmbuyomo kuposa mmene asayansi ankayembekezera, kunena kuti: โTaona kuti madzi akuya kwambiri mโmalo athu ayamba kale kuposa amene akuyembekezeredwa kuti adzachitika pofika 2090.โ (Source: Louise M. Farquharson et al, Kusintha kwa Nyengo Kumayendetsa Ponseponse ndi Kukula Kwambiri kwa Thermokarst ku Very Cold Permafrost ku Canadian High Arctic, Geophysical Research Letters, June 10, 2019).
M'madera ena a ku Canada High Arctic malo anagwa ndi mamita atatu, nyumba zinamira pansi, ndipo misewu imasefukira m'njira zokhotakhota.
Chidziwitso Chapadera! Permafrost imakhudza 25% ya Northern Hemisphere. Yadzaza ndi mitundu yonse ya mpweya wowonjezera kutentha wa carbon wowumitsidwa pamalo omwe akungoyembekezera kumasulidwa.
Osati zokhazo, zotsatira za Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT) zafika kale zaka 50 m'mbuyomo kuposa momwe zimayembekezeredwa m'madera ena a dziko lapansi monga momwe amachitira kafukufuku waposachedwapa. (Kuchokera: Colin Raymond, et al, Kutuluka kwa Kutentha ndi Chinyezi Chachikulu Kwambiri Pakulekerera Anthu, Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Sayansi, Vol. 6, no. 19, May 8, 2020)
Thupi la munthu lili ndi malire. Ngati โkutentha ndi chinyeziโ kuli kokwanira, ngakhale munthu wathanzi wokhala pamthunzi ndi madzi ambiri akumwa amavutika kwambiri kapena kufa. Pofika pachimake kutentha kwa mpweya kumakwera pamwamba pa madigiri 35 Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit) ndipo chinyezi chimakhala choposa 90 peresenti. Imfa imatsatira.
"Kafukufuku wam'mbuyomu adawonetsa kuti izi (WBT) zichitika zaka makumi angapo kuchokera pano, koma izi zikuwonetsa kuti zikuchitika pakali pano." (Raymond)
Osati zokhazo, kafukufuku wamkulu wa akatswiri 89 a zanyengo mโmagazini ya Nature anasonyeza kuti madzi oundana amene anali asanakhalepo ndi kale lonse amasungunuka pa madzi oundana aลตiri aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kuphatikizika kwa madzi oundana ku Greenland ndi ku Antarctica kunafika pafupifupi matani 89 biliyoni pachaka mโma 1990. Komabe, pofika m'ma 2010 (ngati muyimilire, chonde khalani pansi) mlingo wapakati unaphulika kufika matani 523 biliyoni pachaka. (Gwero: Kutayika kwa Ice ku Antarctica ndi Greenland Kuwonjezeka Kasanu ndi Kamodzi M'zaka 30 zapitazi, LiveScience, Marichi 2020)
Osati zokhazo, padziko lonse lapansi, chilala chachikulu chikugunda kwambiri komanso moyipa kwambiri kuposa kale. Pepala lofufuza la ku Australia linapeza chilala choipitsitsa m'zaka 800. (Source: Multi-century-century Cool-and Warm-Season mvula Kukonzanso kwa Australia's Major Climatic Regions, European Geosciences Union, Vol. 13, Issue 12, Nov. 30, 2017 lolemba Mandy Freund ndi Benjamin Henley)
Si zimenezo zokha, malinga ndi kunena kwa UN World Food Programme, ponena za ku Central America: โZaka zisanu za chilala chobwerezabwereza zawononga zokolola za chimanga ndi nyemba, zikusiya alimi osauka a mโdera lotchedwa Dry Corridor lodutsa ku Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras. ndipo Nicaragua akuvutika kudyetsa mabanja awo.โ Yankho: Pempherani mvula kapena samukira kumpoto.
Ndipo, pakati pa Chile pakati pa zomwe asayansi adazitcha "Mega Drought," nthawi yosasokonezeka ya zaka zowuma kuyambira 2010. Theka la dziko latchedwa "Emergency Status." Alimi akuyamba ntchito. (Source: Chile Yalengeza Zadzidzidzi Zaulimi Monga Chilala Chachikulu Chikafika ku Santiago ndi Kunja, Santiago Times, Ogasiti 26, 2019)
Ndipo, ku South America ku Brazil, "Mndandanda wanthawi za SPI-12 udawonetsa kuti kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2019, kupatula madera akumwera, madera ena aku Brazil akumana ndi chilala choopsa kwambiri pafupifupi zaka 60 zapitazi." (Source: Ana Paula MS Cunha, et al, Zochitika Zachilala Chadzaoneni Ku Brazil kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2019, Atmosphere, October 24, 2019)
Osati zokhazo, malinga ndi NASA, chilala cha Middle East kuyambira 1998-2012 chinali choopsa kwambiri m'zaka 900. Malinga ndi Ben Cook wa NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Zikupitirirabe mpaka lero pamene magombe a kumโmaลตa ndi kumโmwera kwa nyanja ya Mediterranean akuuma mofulumira kuposa kulikonse padziko lapansili. Osamukira ku Eco amatsatira mwanjira ina.
Osati zokhazo, kudera lonse la Asia chilala chakhala chizoloลตezi m'malo mosiyana. (China Daily News, Ogasiti 12, 2019)
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kukhudzidwa kwa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi kukungoyamba kumene kusokoneza zinthu zake momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino moti anthu ambiri akuzindikira kuopsa kwake. Fox News idanenanso za nyengo yaku Arctic yaposachedwa. Ndiwo avareji momwe zimakhalira. Koma, kodi Fox ndi wapakati, kapena ndi china chake chosiyana?
Komabe, malinga ndi kubwereza kwa Tierney mโbuku la Shellenberger, โVuto la chipembedzo chatsopano cha chilengedwe nโchakuti chafika poipa kwambiri, chowononga, ndi chodzigonjetsera.โ
Ndipo, ndithudi, monga tanenera poyamba paja, Shellenberger akunena kuti: โAyi, kusintha kwa nyengo sikunapangitse chiwonjezeko cha kaลตirikaลตiri kapena kuwopsa kwa kusefukira kwa madzi, chilala, mikuntho ndi mvula yamkuntho.โ Osadandaula, apocalypse konse.
Zoona zake nโzakuti akatswiri a zachilengedwe sanafuule mokweza kuti asinthe zinthu chifukwa mpweya wotenthetsa dziko lapansi panopa uli wokwera kwambiri patatha zaka makumi atatu akukuwa koma osamveka! Kodi okonda zachilengedwe ayenera kukuwa mokweza kwambiri kapena kutsatira njira ya neoliberalism pabizinesi? BTW - Onani komwe zidatifikitsa.
Mawu a Ross Perot pa mkangano wapurezidenti wa 1992 (onani pamwambapa) ndikulongosola kwathunthu kwachuma chalaissez-faire mu sentensi imodzi yayitali. Kodi izi zikugwira ntchito bwanji kwa anthu ogwira ntchito ku America komanso padziko lonse lapansi? Ndipo, kwa chilengedwe chachikulu?
Nayi mbali yaikulu ya vutolo mwachidule: Mโmbali zambiri, chilengedwe cha Amazon ndi Arctic ndi zitsanzo za chilengedwe chachikulu koma chokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zachilengedwe zina zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndipo motero zimakhala ngati machenjezo kapena zizindikiro zochenjeza anthu asanazindikire kuti chitukuko chikubwera.
Pakali pano, ngakhale kuti kusintha kwa nyengo kumasokoneza zinthu zachilengedwe m'dera lachitukuko, anthu amakhala momasuka m'mafakitale opangidwa ndi simenti, zitsulo, magalasi, ndi matabwa m'dziko lodzala ndi mankhwala lomwe limangozindikira kuopsa kwa kutha kwa zamoyo pakatha nthawi. Ndiye, kwachedwa kwambiri!
Chifukwa cha moyo wopangidwa / wochita kupanga, monga momwe tafotokozera, anthu ndi zamoyo zomalizira kuona ndi kumva, ndipo ndithudi, kumvetsetsa kwenikweni zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo. Makhalidwe a moyo wochita kupanga amasokoneza zinthu zazikulu. Motero, kuchita zinthu mwachinyengo kumabala umbuli ndi utsiru, monga momwe zimasonyezera zisankho zandale. Ndilo โSimenti, Zitsulo, Magalasi, Wood, Chemically Induced Syndrome,โ ndipo ndi lakupha chifukwa chobisa chowonadi mobisa kwa anthu onse.
Komabe, pali masauzande a mapepala asayansi owunikiridwa ndi anzawo omwe amawona chowonadi. Ena mwa mapepala amenewo agwidwa mawu mโnkhani ino.
Postscript: Mfundo yoyenera kubwereza, mobwerezabwereza chifukwa sikuchoka: Malinga ndi NOAA Climate.gov: "M'malo mwake, nthawi yomaliza mpweya wa CO.2 kuchuluka kwake kunali kokwera chonchi kunali zaka zoposa 3 miliyoni zapitazo, pamene kutentha kunali 2ยฐโ3ยฐC (3.6ยฐโ5.4ยฐF) kuposa nthaลตi ya nthawi ya mafakitale isanayambe, ndipo madzi a mโnyanja anali 15โ25 mamita (50โ80). mapazi) kuposa masiku ano.โ Zotsatira za lag zili mkati.
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