Tommie Smith ndi John Carlos atakweza nkhonya zawo zakuda zakuda pa Masewera a Olimpiki a ku Mexico City mu 1968, adanyozedwa m'ma TV ambiri. Wina akanafufuza mwachabe chifundo, kumvetsetsa kapena ngakhale kujambula mosakondera za madandaulo awo.
Palibe amene anafunsa chifukwa chake achinyamata aลตiri, othamanga kwambiri padziko lonse angaike moyo wawo pachiswe, mbiri yawo, ngakhale chitetezo cha iwo eni ndi mabanja awo mโdzina la zionetsero. Ndi ochepa chabe omwe anali ndi chidwi chofufuza chifukwa chake aliyense angamve kuti ali wokakamizika kutsutsa Komiti Yadziko Lonse ya Olimpiki yomwe inasokoneza tsankho ku South Africa ndi Rhodesia, sanalembe ntchito akuluakulu akuda kapena kutsogoleredwa ndi wodziwika bwino kuti ndi woyera komanso wotsutsa Semite, Avery Brundage. Zinali zosavuta kuthamangitsa Carlos ndi Smith ndi miyoyo yosokera ndikuthana nawo.
Mu 2012, mphindi yoziziritsa, yochititsa chidwi ya 1968 ndiyotheka kukondwerera kuposa kutsutsidwa. Smith ndi Carlos tsopano amayamikiridwa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kulimba mtima komanso kulimba mtima kwawo. Monga ESPN idalengeza mosapita m'mbali popatsa Smith ndi Carlos Mphotho yawo ya Arthur Ashe Courage ku 2008, "Iwo anali olondola."
Palibe amene ankanena zimenezo mu 1968. Pakati pa zidzudzulo zokwiya, panali gawo limodzi, lofalitsidwa muChicago American nyuzipepala, yomwe inali yonyansa kwambiri. Mtolankhani yemwe ali ndi udindo sanafunepo kuyankhapo kapena kufotokoza, ngakhale kupepesa, chifukwa chomwe adasankha mawu omwe adasankha. Wolembayo adakhala wojambula wodziwika bwino yemwe tsopano amakhala momasuka ngati mkulu wadziko lamasewera. Iye amawonekera m'mabanja ochezeka mafilimu ngati The Waterboy ndi Magalimoto 2. Dzina lake ndi Brent Musburger.
Mu 1968 Musburger anali mlembi wachinyamata wosakhazikika, wofunitsitsa kupanga dzina lake. Anapeza mwayi wake pamene Smith ndi Carlos anapanga kaimidwe kawo. Musburger sanawone ziwonetsero. Iye anawona chandamale.
"Munthu amatopa pang'ono kuti United States ithamangitsidwe ndi othamanga omwe akusangalala ndi dziko lawo," analemba motero. Panthaลตiyo Musburger anatcha Smith ndi Carlos โankhondo akhungu akuda.โ
Mawu omwe ali pamwambawa adafalitsidwa m'mabuku ndi zolemba kwazaka zambiri koma gawo lonse la Musburger ndilovuta kupeza. Ndi chithandizo chochokera kwa Pulofesa Jules Boykoff ndi chida chapasukulu yakale chotchedwa microfilm, ndidachipeza, ndipo ngati chilipo, ndichoyipa kwambiri kuposa momwe mawu omwe ali pamwambawa akupangira. Mutu wankhani ndi wakuti "Kutsutsa Kwachilendo Kwa Smith, Carlos Tarnishes Medals." Ngakhale adawona zomwe adachita ngati "zodabwitsa," Musburger samanenanso chifukwa chomwe Smith ndi Carlos adachita zomwe adachita kapena kuwatchula mwachindunji. Komabe amapeza nthawi yowanyoza mobwerezabwereza. Amalongosola Smith ndi Carlos kukhala "ana", "osasamala," ndipo - izi ndi zodabwitsa - "osalingalira." Musburger amatcha Tommie Smith "wakuda wankhondo." Pofotokoza zochitika za Carlos akuyesa kuteteza zochita zawo, Musburger analemba kuti: โMwina nthawi yakwana yakuti othamanga azaka 20 asiye kudziona ngati akatswiri azamakhalidwe.โ
Ndipo pali mawu omwe amamvekabe m'maso: "anthu akhungu lakuda". Pafupifupi simukhulupirira mpaka mutawerenga.
Ponena za stormtrooper-sympathizer, Musburger amatchula Brundage ngati agogo achikulire okoma mtima komanso mwachikondi chachikulu ndipo amamutcha "Avery". Palibe kutchulidwa kuti ambiri mwa othamanga anamutcha "Ukapolo Avery."
Mpaka lero, tchulani dzina la Musburger kwa John Carlos ndipo akukuta mano. Izi ndi fanizo makamaka chifukwa Carlos amakonda kunena kuti alibe chidani mumtima mwake ndi aliyense ngakhale atadzipatula komanso kutsutsidwa. Monga momwe amakonda kunena kuti, "Kuwawidwa mtima kumabweretsa khansa yomwe imatsogolera ku imfa ndipo ndili ndi ntchito yambiri yoti ndichite kuti ndikhale ndi nthawi yochitira zonsezi." Tchulani adani ake kuyambira 1968, monga Jesse Owens kapena membala wina wawayilesi ndipo amayankha ndikumwetulira ndikusimba momwe adakwirira chinsinsi. Koma osati Musburger.
โTikunena za munthu wina amene anatiyerekezera ndi chipani cha Nazi. Ganizilani zimenezo. Pano tikuyimirira ku tsankho komanso kwa mwamuna wina ku Avery Brundage yemwe adapereka Masewera a Olimpiki ku Germany ya Hitler. Ndipo apa Musburger akutitcha ife a Nazi. Izo zinafika pozungulira. Zinatitsatira. Zinatipweteka. Zinamupweteka mkazi wanga, ana anga. Sindinathe kutsutsana naye chifukwa chake adachita izi. Nthawi zonse ndikakhala pamwambo kapena chochitika ndi Brent Musburger ndipo ndimayenda kwa iye, amalowera njira ina. "
Zakhala zaka makumi anayi ndi zinayi. Yakwana nthawi yoti Brent Musburger apepese chifukwa chonamizira anyamata awiriwa kuti ndi "ankhondo akhungu lakuda". Inakwana nthawi yoti apepese chifukwa chosowa makhalidwe abwino a utolankhani ponyalanyaza uthenga wawo ndipo m'malo mwake amangoyang'ana mtundu wa khungu lawo. Ndi nthawi yomwe adapepesa chifukwa chopangitsa moyo wa John Carlos ndi Tommie Smith kukhala wovuta kwambiri. Kumapeto kwa ntchito yodziwika bwino, ayenera kuthana ndi chiwopsezo ichi pa cholowa chake. Brent Musburger: mpira uli pabwalo lanu.
Zolemba zonse za gawo la Musburger zili pansipa.
Chiwonetsero Chodabwitsa cha Smith, Carlos Tarnishes Medals
ndi Brent Musburger
mexico-Tommie Smith ndi John Carlos akuyenera kutchedwa anthu osaganiza bwino ngati sangathe kubwera ndi zionetsero zamphamvu komanso zogwira mtima kuposa zomwe adamupanga usiku watha pamwambo wa mendulo ya Olimpiki yolemekeza zomwe adachita pa liwiro la mita 200.
Smith ndi Carlos ankawoneka ngati asilikali angapo akhungu lakuda, atanyamula manja awo m'mwamba pamene akuimba Nyimbo Yadziko. Anawaza zophiphiritsa zawo ndi nsapato zakuda zakuda ndi scarf zakuda ndi mendulo zakuda zamphamvu. Zapangidwa kuti zitsike ngati chiwonetsero chosawoneka bwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya zionetsero.
Koma muyenera kupereka ngongole kwa Smith ndi Carlos pa chinthu chimodzi. Amadziwa kuperekera chilichonse chomwe akuyesera kutulutsa pawailesi yakanema yapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti dziko lomwe likuyang'anira chipinda chawo ndi bolodi lichite manyazi kwambiri ku Mexico City. Mmodzi amatopa pang'ono kuti United States ithamangitsidwe ndi othamanga omwe akusangalala ndi dziko lawo.
Kuchita zionetsero ndi kugwira ntchito mogwira mtima motsutsana ndi tsankho ku United States ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma kuwulutsa zovala zake zonyansa padziko lonse lapansi pamasewera osangalatsa komanso masewera sikunali kungochita chabe kwa othamanga angapo omwe amayenera kudziwa bwino.
Ngati Smith ndi Carlos anali otsimikiza kuti malekezero awo akuyenera kuwonetsa mphamvu zawo zakuda pa Nyimbo Yadziko, akanayenera kupeweratu mwambo wa mphothoyo. Ngati zili zoona, monga momwe Hayes Jones amanenera, kuti wothamanga amadzipikisana yekha koma akuyenda kupita kumalo oyimira dziko lake, ndiye kuti kutsutsa kolimba mtima kukanakhala kwa Smith ndi Carlos kungokhala kutali ndi kusatenga mendulo zawo.
Kuchita Zosawerengeka
Kuchita kwawo kochititsa manyazi pampikisano wachipambano kunaphimbidwa kotheratu ndi machitidwe abwino kwambiri a othamanga awiri akuda. Ndizamanyazi. Smith sadzakumbukiridwanso ngati wothamanga wokongola uja yemwe adagwetsa mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi kotero kuti adathamanga mayadi 10 omaliza ndi manja onse ali ndi chigonjetso pamutu pake pomwe amadutsa pamzere womaliza mu nthawi yosangalatsa ya 19.8.
M'malo mwake adzakumbukiridwa ngati wankhondo wakuda yemwe adagwedeza magolovesi wakuda ndi nsapato yakuda pakuyimba kwa Nyimbo Yadziko. Zikuoneka kuti sizinali pamlingo ndi zomwe adachita koyamba, ndipo sizinathandize konse kuthetsa mikangano yamitundu yonse.
Sewero lina lachisoni linayambika paulendo wa basi wobwerera kumudzi wa Olympic mwambowu utatha. Smith ndi Carlos, pamodzi ndi akazi awo, anakwera basi limodzi ndi gulu la alendo odzaona malo amene analunjika mbali imodzimodziyo.
Ataona opambana aลตiriwo, mlendo wokwiya wa ku California anati: โNdinachita manyazi ndi nonsenu. Izi zinayambitsa mkangano waukulu wapoyera pakati pa opambana mamendulo a Olimpiki aลตiriwo ndi mlendo wokwiya, pamene makutu padziko lonse anayamwa mawu oipawo.
Mtolankhani wa ku Canada, Dick Beddoes wa ku Toronto, pomalizira pake anathetsa mkanganowo. Kenako nayenso, adathetsa kukangana ndi Carlos, yemwe adawononga nthawi yonse yofunsa mafunso pambuyo pa mpikisano usiku watha akuphunzitsa atolankhani omwe adasonkhana pazomwe ayenera kuganiza ndi kulemba. Mwina ndi nthawi yoti othamanga azaka 20 asiye kudziyesa anzeru zamakhalidwe.
Brundage Adadumpha Chiwonetsero
Wina amakhoza kumva zomangika pano tsiku lonse dzulo. Zinali zodziwikiratu kuti Smith ndi Carlos apambana mamendulo mu 200 metres. Funso lalikulu linali loti zigawenga ziwirizi zikanatani kuti ziwonetsere ziwonetsero zawo zolimbana ndi azungu aku America.
Kutsogolo kwa nyumba yogona ya United States kukonzanso [Sic] mkangano wa United Nations. Jesse Owens anaphunzitsa amuna angapo a nyuzipepala, akuumirira kuti panali nkhani zabwino zolembera kuposa za othamanga akuda ndi kusakonda kwawo Avery Brundage. Akuda omwe ali mu timu ya United States anena kuti salandira mendulo kuchokera ku Brundage.
Dzulo Brundage anali kutali ku Acapulco, akuti amayang'ana zachter ya Olimpiki. Ndizodabwitsa kuti Brundage adasokoneza Smith ndi Carlos, awiri omwe adalimbikitsa gulu la Harry Edwards kalekale.
Izi, nazonso, zidawoneka ngati kulakwitsa kwakukulu kwa Brundage. Akadayenera kukhala ku Mexico City, kuguba kupita koyimilira ndi mamendulo, ndikuwonetsa kuti samawopa chilichonse. Ngati Smith ndi Carlos akanakana mendulo zochokera ku Brundage, Avery nthawi zonse akanatha kuziika m'thumba lake ndikupita nazo kunyumba kwa adzukulu.
Pamene Smith ndi Carlos ankathamanga, onse anali atavala sox yaitali yakuda. Carlos anathamanga akuwoneka ngati shopu ya zinthu zopangira zinthu, mikanda ndi mabaji komanso ma medali akuthamanga pomwe amathamangira kumapeto.
Peter Norman, waluso wa ku Australia yemwe adatenga Carlos pamalo achiwiri, adavomereza pambuyo pake kuti ndi wotsutsa wamtundu wake. Amayesetsa kumapeto kwa sabata ku Australia, atavala sweatshirt yomwe imalengeza kuti: "Yesu Amapulumutsa."
Momwe zinthu zikuyendera, wina apulumutse tonse nthawi isanathe.
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