2016 inali chaka chosintha masewera kwa otsalira komanso opita patsogolo. Potsirizira pake tikutulukanso ngati mphamvu yofunikira komanso yamphamvu pambuyo pa nthawi yotalikirapo ya kuima ndi kutaya mtima, ndipo tikuyang'anizana ndi ndale zabwino kwambiri kuposa nthawi ina iliyonse kuyambira m'ma 1960. Kwa zaka pafupifupi 30 pambuyo pa kutha kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, United States ndi mayiko omwe si a Chikomyunizimu ku Ulaya adakula kwambiri, kuchepa kwachuma, kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito zothandizira anthu komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu za anthu ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwa kusiyana pakati pa mafuko, amuna ndi akazi komanso kugonana. M'mayiko monga France ndi Sweden, magulu a ogwira ntchito ndi a sosholisti adapita patsogolo kwambiri (ngati pang'onopang'ono) kupita ku kusintha kwa demokalase. Ngakhale kuti zopindula zimenezi zinaipitsidwa m’maiko onga United States chifukwa cha kusankhana mitundu ndi amuna ndi akazi m’mene zinagaŵidwira, nyengo imeneyi ikuimira chidziŵitso champhamvu cha anthu ogwira ntchito ndi chitetezo m’zaka za zana la 20.
Kuwonjezeka kwa Neoliberalism
Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1970, komabe, m'gulu lomwe limadziwika kuti neoliberalism, akuluakulu azachuma m'mayikowa adayamba kulimbikitsa ndale kuti achepetse misonkho kwa olemera ndi mabungwe, kuti athetse zisankho za demokalase kuntchito komanso povotera. bokosi, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito zofunikira zothandizira anthu monga maphunziro ndi chitetezo cha anthu, kuthetsa mafakitale pazachuma komanso kutsegula ndalama zoyendetsera malire a mayiko. “Kusintha” kumeneku kunathandiza mabungwe kupeŵa pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya kuyankha kwa ogwira ntchito amene anawalemba ntchito kapena madera amene amagwira ntchito. Ku United States neoliberalism idathandizidwa ndi ziwawa zamtundu wokhudzana ndi ntchito zachitukuko momwe anthu aku Africa America ndi Latino omwe adalandira chithandizo chaumphawi ndi mapulogalamu ena odana ndi umphawi adawonetsedwa ngati "osauka osayenera" omwe moyo wawo unali kuthandizidwa ndi okhometsa misonkho (oyera). azungu anali gulu lalikulu kwambiri la anthu opindula).
Kupambana kwa neoliberalism kudutsa United States ndi Europe kunali kosiyana kutengera mphamvu kapena kufooka kwa zipani za ndale za kumanzere ndi mabungwe azamalonda - kusiya anthu ogwira ntchito m'malo achikhalidwe cha demokalase monga Sweden ali bwino kuposa anthu ogwira ntchito m'maiko monga United States komwe mabungwe azamalonda ndi Kumanzere akhala akufooka m'mbiri. Koma pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 2000, kupambana kwa mbiri yakale kunachitika m’mayiko onsewa pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kunabwerera m’mbuyo kwambiri. Izi, kuphatikiza ndi kugwa kwa Soviet ndi East European Communism komanso kutsatsa kwachuma cha China kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, zidapangitsa akatswiri ambiri azandale ndi andale kulengeza kupambana kwakukulu kwa neoliberalism: "palibe njira ina" pamsika waulere idakhala mawu omveka. ya opanga ndondomeko padziko lonse lapansi. Woukira
Mayankho ku Neoliberalism
Poganizira kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu komanso kosalekeza komwe kunachitika ndi mayendedwe akumanzere komanso opita patsogolo panthawiyi, pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000 a Socialists ndi opita patsogolo ku United States ndi ku Ulaya sakanatha kudzitamandira kuti palibe zitsanzo zotsutsana ndi neoliberalism. Ambiri anatembenukira ku South America, yomwe panthawiyi inali malo okhawo a ndale a demokalase padziko lonse lapansi. Patangotha zaka zochepa, komabe, zinthu ku Europe ndi United States zidawoneka mosiyana kwambiri: Gulu Lamanzere lidalimbikitsa kuthandizira pazisankho, ndipo adakoka mikangano yandale kumanzere kwambiri kudzera m'makonzedwe agulu lachitukuko. Kutchula zitsanzo zochepa chabe za chisankho, ku Greece chipani chamanzere cha Syriza chinayamba kulamulira mu 2014, ku Spain chipani cha Podemos chamanzere chinachokera ku zionetsero zotsutsa ku 2014 ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri zokha chinali chipani chachitatu chachikulu kwambiri m'dzikoli. . Chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali kukwera kwa Jeremy Corbyn ku utsogoleri wa British Labor Party mu 2015 komanso kupambana kwakukulu kwa Bernie Sanders "kusintha ndale" pa chisankho cha pulezidenti wa United States wa 2016.
Kupambana pamasankho kumeneku kwakhala kofanana ndi, ndipo kumlingo waukulu kwatheka chifukwa cha kuwuka kwa mbadwo watsopano wamagulu opita patsogolo a chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amatsutsa mosamalitsa za capitalism, kusankhana mitundu, kusankhana mitundu, kudana ndi anthu ochokera kumayiko ena ndi kuponderezana kwina, komanso kuponderezana. kukhazikitsidwa kwa tsogolo lokhazikika, la demokalase komanso lofanana. Kutengera United States ngati chitsanzo chimodzi, kuukira kopitilira muyeso motsutsana ndi neoliberalism kudayamba molimba mtima ndi ziwonetsero za Occupy za 2011 komanso kukana kutsutsa kwa Bwanamkubwa Scott Walker ku Wisconsin, zomwe zidayika nkhani ya kusalingana pakati pa nkhani zandale zaku US. ndipo adakulitsa mbadwo watsopano wa omenyera ufulu omwe akhala ofunikira kwambiri m'mayendedwe aposachedwa. Pambuyo pa Occupy, magulu atsopano amphamvu adawuka kuti atsutse mfundo zankhanza zosamukira kumayiko ena (The Dreamers), malipiro ochepera a federal (Menyerani $ 15), mliri wankhanza za apolisi komanso kusankhana mitundu (Black Lives Matter) ndi kusagwirizana (the Sanders Political Revolution) kutchula ochepa. Mabungwewa atsegula mwayi wokambirana mozama za capitalism, nkhanza komanso tsankho m'dera lathu zomwe sizinakhalepo zaka makumi ambiri, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wapadera pakukula kwa gulu la demokalase la demokalase lomwe limagogomezera kugwirizana kwa zovuta zonse ndi nkhondo. mawonekedwe akusintha kofunikira kuti pakhale kusintha kwenikweni komanso kokhalitsa.
Mavuto Omwe Akukumana Nawo Kumanzere ndi Kupita Patsogolo
Komabe sitiyenera kupitirira mphamvu za ndale zopita patsogolo ndi zotsalira masiku ano, komanso sitiyenera kutsutsa kukula kwa zovuta zomwe zili patsogolo pathu. Ngakhale kuti gulu latsopano la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu likuwoneka kuti likuchitika, ndipo pamene achinyamata makamaka akukhala omasuka ku njira zina zowonongeka, mayendedwe a Kumanzere ndi opita patsogolo amakhalabe ofooka. Lero timakondwerera mwayi wotsegulira ndale kuposa kupindula kwakukulu konkire. Kupitilira kusowa kwathu kwazinthu, zotchinga zomwe zimayikidwa panjira yathu ndi chikhalidwe cha ndale zaku US komanso mphamvu yodabwitsa yamalingaliro amunthu payekhapayekha kuti asokoneze zochita zamagulu onse, Otsalira ndi omwe akupita patsogolo akukumana ndi ziwopsezo zandale zatsankho komanso zotsutsana ndi anthu ochokera kumayiko ena - zomwe zimayimiriridwa kwambiri. ndi kampeni ya Purezidenti Donald Trump. Pamene chiyembekezo cha moyo wa azungu ambiri mu 99% chikupitirirabe kuchepa, komanso momwe chiwerengero cha anthu chikusinthira pang'onopang'ono ku United States komwe kuli anthu amitundu yambiri, kulinganiza kotereku kukuyembekezeka kukula kwambiri.
Ndale za tsankho komanso zotsutsana ndi anthu othawa kwawo sizimangoimira kuukira mwachindunji ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri (monga kuchotsedwa kwa ovota, kuzunzidwa ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa ogwira ntchito opanda zikalata, ndi milandu yachidani, kutchula ochepa), komanso kumagwira ntchito ngati chida chothandiza. kuti akuluakulu azachuma angagwiritse ntchito kugawa magawo a ogwira ntchito (omwe, poyang'ana kwambiri mantha amtundu / fuko ndi chidani, sangathe kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wa mgwirizano pakati pa mavuto omwe amagawana nawo pazachuma motsutsana ndi chikapitalist). Popanda migwirizano yamphamvu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ingathe kugwirizanitsa mikangano ya anthu ogwira ntchito m'mitundu yonse ndi mafuko, kukopa kusankhana mitundu ndi mantha kupitilirabe kukulirakulira pakati pa ovota oyera omwe alibe chitetezo pazachuma komanso m'makhalidwe - makamaka amuna, omwe akukumana ndi kutha kwa kutchuka kwa chikhalidwe cha amuna ndi akazi. ku phindu la gulu lachikazi - komanso kuthekera kokulitsa mapulogalamu omwe akufunika kwambiri kuti athandize anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri m'dera lathu (osapatulapo mapulogalamu ofunitsitsa kutsata njira ya demokalase ya sosholizimu) adzachepa.
M'mawonekedwe awo amakono, komabe, kayendetsedwe kakumanzere ndi kopita patsogolo sikuli bwino kumanga mabungwe amitundu yambiri ndi mgwirizano wofunikira kuti athane ndi mliri wa tsankho lamanja ndi ndale zotsutsana ndi anthu othawa kwawo. Zakale Kumanzere kwakhala, ndipo, ngakhale kuti ambiri ali ndi zolinga zabwino, akupitirizabe kulamulidwa ndi omenyera ufulu woyera (nthawi zambiri amuna apakati). Mabungwe akumanzere (kuphatikiza DSA) nthawi zambiri amawonetsa zokonda, zokhumba, ndi malingaliro achikhalidwe cha azungu ogwira ntchito- ndi anthu apakatikati kuposa anthu amtundu. Zifukwa zina zingapo zathandizanso kwambiri kuchepetsa chitukuko cha mabungwe otsalira amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso migwirizano yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imaphatikizapo kukhalapo kofunikira kumanzere. Izi zikuphatikizapo zotchinga zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalepheretsa anthu ogwira nawo ntchito komanso osauka kutenga nawo mbali pazandale (monga kusowa kwa nthawi, mphamvu ndi chuma), kusankhana mitundu kwa anthu aku US komwe kumawonekera m'magulu omenyera ufulu wa anthu, ndi zokambirana zapayekha za mtundu wa anthu zomwe zimasiya zokambirana zamtundu uliwonse.
Otsalira ndi opita patsogolo akukumananso ndi zovuta zambiri: tiyenera kuteteza ufulu wa amayi wochotsa mimba ndikukumana ndi zosagwirizana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi zomwe zikupitirirabe m'magulu athu aamuna, monga momwe neoliberalism imagawanitsa akazi ogwira ntchito ndi akatswiri pogwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti meritocracy. ndi "kubwerera m'mbuyo." Tiyenera kuchepetsa zochitika zankhondo zaku United States zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosaloledwa komanso zopanda phindu komanso zoyeserera za "kukweza demokalase" padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyenera kumenya nkhondo kuti tipeze nzika za mamiliyoni a anthu othawa kwawo omwe amathandizira kwambiri kuti dziko lathu litukuke koma omwe amakakamizika kukhala ndi mantha nthawi zonse kuthamangitsidwa, komanso omwe sasangalala ndi ndale ndi zachuma zomwe zimakhala nzika. Tiyenera kupeza njira yolumikizirana pakati pa anthu ogwira ntchito omwe akuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana komanso zosemphana nthawi zambiri, ndipo, makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta zonse za kusachitapo kanthu, tiyenera kupanga mgwirizano wopita patsogolo womwe ungathe kukakamiza U.S. boma kuti lichitepo kanthu pazovuta za kusintha kwa nyengo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu.
Ngakhale zovuta izi, kamodzi mu m'badwo mipata ilipo panopa kuchita zokhumudwitsa ndi kuyambitsa ndale zotsutsana ndi capitalist ku United States. Funso lovuta kwambiri - komanso lofunika kwambiri - lomwe latsala, ndi momwe, makamaka, kupanga ndale za demokalase za demokalase kukhala mphamvu yowerengera anthu akumidzi, matauni, mizinda ndi mayiko m'dziko lonselo zaka zikubwerazi. Komabe, tisanayankhe funsoli, choyamba titembenukira ku mfundo yofunika kwambiri: kodi demokalase ya sosholizimu ndi chiyani, ndipo nchifukwa ninji timayika chiyembekezo chathu cha tsogolo labwino, logwirizana komanso laumunthu mu lingaliro lomwe likuwoneka ngati losamveka?
II. Masomphenya athu a Democratic Socialism
Masomphenya athu a demokalase a sosholizimu ali osakondera komanso ongopeka, ndipo salingaliridwa kuti akhale dongosolo la demokalase ya sosholisti. M'malo mwake, mizere yeniyeni yamtsogolo yomwe tikuyembekezera idzatsimikiziridwa mwa demokalase osati ndi ife, koma ndi omwe akukhalamo. Kupitilira apo, mamembala a DSA - ndipo akuyenera - kusagwirizana pa mbali zina za masomphenyawa. Ngakhale zili choncho, timayika masomphenya otere, mwa zina kuti tithetse malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu angakhale nawo okhudza momwe masomphenya athu a socialism amasiyana ndi zitsanzo zomwe zidalephera zakale, mwa zina kupangitsa chidwi ndi malingaliro a omwe angakhale mamembala a DSA akudabwa chomwe chimalekanitsa masomphenya athu. kuchokera kwa omasuka ndi opita patsogolo ndipo mwa zina kuthandiza kukulitsa mfundo za nkhani zandale zadziko lathu poyang'anizana ndi malingaliro ochuluka akuti "palibe njira ina." Mbiri yawonetsa mobwerezabwereza kuti madera akulephera kukwaniritsa kuthekera kwawo konse kwa kumasulidwa kwa anthu popanda anthu ofuna kuchitapo kanthu omwe akugwira ntchito mosalekeza kukokera nkhani zandale kumanzere ndikukulitsa "ndale za zotheka."
Democratic Socialism monga Radical Democracy
DSA imakhulupirira kuti kulimbana kwa demokalase ya demokalase ndi imodzi ndi yofanana ndi kumenyana ndi demokalase yowonjezereka, yomwe timamvetsetsa kuti ndi ufulu wa anthu onse kuti adziwe mbali zonse za moyo wawo momwe angathere. Masomphenya athu akuphatikizanso kukhazikika kwa demokalase m'mbali zonse za moyo, zomwe ndi zachuma. Pansi pa capitalism tikuyenera kutenga mopepuka kuti gulu laling'ono, losawerengeka la oyang'anira makampani liyenera kupanga zisankho zonse zofunika pakuwongolera kampani yomwe ili ndi anthu masauzande ambiri. Gulu ili liri ndi mphamvu yodziwira momwe ambiri aife timathera gawo la mkango pa nthawi yathu yogona, komanso ufulu wothamangitsa aliyense pazifukwa zilizonse, ziribe kanthu momwe zimakhalira. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa demokalase, dongosolo laulamuliro limeneli likaloŵedwa m’malo ndi demokalase ya zachuma. Izi zikungotanthauza kuti demokalase idzakulitsidwa kupyola pa chisankho cha akuluakulu a ndale kuti aphatikizepo kayendetsedwe ka demokarasi kwa malonda onse ndi ogwira ntchito omwe akukhala nawo komanso madera omwe amagwira ntchito. Magawo akulu kwambiri, ofunikira kwambiri azachuma - monga nyumba, zothandizira ndi mafakitale olemera - zitha kukhazikitsidwa ndi demokalase kunja kwa msika, pomwe gawo la msika lomwe limakhala ndi makampani omwe ali ndi antchito ndi omwe amayendetsedwa lingapangidwe kuti lipange ndi kugawa. wa katundu wambiri wogula. M'dera lino, ndalama zazikulu zaukadaulo watsopano ndi mabizinesi zitha kupangidwa pamaziko okweza ubwino wa anthu, m'malo mopeza phindu la eni ake. Chofunikira ndichakuti, kuyika ndalama muzamphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ndi matekinoloje ogwira ntchito kukakhala patsogolo kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwachilengedwe komanso kukhala ndi moyo wamtsogolo padziko lapansi.
Gulu la demokalase la sosholisti lingatsimikizirenso zaufulu wosiyanasiyana kuti zitsimikizire kufanana kwa unzika kwa onse. Ntchito zofunika kwambiri monga chisamaliro chaumoyo, chisamaliro cha ana, maphunziro (kuyambira pre-K mpaka maphunziro apamwamba), malo ogona ndi zoyendera zitha kuperekedwa kwa anthu onse, kwaulere. Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti chisangalalo chokhala nzika zonse sichikugwirizana ndi kukwera ndi kutsika pamsika wantchito, aliyense adzalandiranso ndalama zoyambira padziko lonse lapansi - ndiko kuti, malipiro oyambira a membala aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za ntchito ya munthu. udindo. Pomaliza, sabata lantchito lidzachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi yatchuthi idzakulitsidwa kutsimikizira kuti aliyense mdera lanu apindula ndi matekinoloje ogwira ntchito omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zofunika pazachuma (komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti onse ofuna kupeza ntchito akugwira ntchito. wokhoza kutero).
Demokalase yazachuma idzaphatikizidwa mu ndale ndi dongosolo latsopano lomwe linaphatikizapo mawonekedwe osinthidwa a demokalase yoimira (dongosolo lathu lamakono) ndi demokalase yeniyeni, dongosolo limene anthu amatenga nawo mbali mwachindunji popanga zisankho zandale zomwe zimawakhudza. M'dongosolo lino, Nyumba ya Senate (bungwe la ndale losayimilira kwambiri momwe mayiko omwe ali ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri ali ndi chiwerengero chofanana ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri) idzathetsedwa, ndipo dongosolo loyimira molingana lidzakhazikitsidwa kuti Congress iwonetsere ndale za ovota. Boma la demokalase la demokalase lidzakhazikitsanso referenda yatsopano ndikukumbukira njira zoyankhira anthu osankhidwa kuti aziyankha pa nthawi yomwe ali paudindo, ndipo dongosolo lalikulu la mabungwe otenga nawo mbali akhazikitsidwa kuti awonetsetse kuti anthu ali ndi mawu achindunji popanga zisankho zandale kupitilira voti. bokosi. Mabungwe amenewa aphatikiza ma board a nzika a mautumiki osiyanasiyana aboma, makhonsolo apulogalamu (m'magawo adziko lonse, m'boma ndi ang'onoang'ono) a omwe amalandira chithandizo chaboma, ndi misonkhano ya nzika ndi ma municipalities ndi maboma yomwe ingakhale yotseguka kwa onse ndipo idzapatsidwa ntchito yokonza. zisankho za bajeti (monga njira zogawa bajeti zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano padziko lonse lapansi). Pomaliza, ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi ndale (ufulu wa kulankhula, kusonkhana, ufulu wovota, ndi zina zotero), zomwe zikuphwanyidwa nthawi zonse, zidzalimbikitsidwa, ndipo chuma chaboma chidzaperekedwa ku chitukuko cha ufulu wofalitsa nkhani ndi demokalase. kuyendetsedwa ndi media.
Ngakhale kuti DSA imakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chuma kumathetsa kuponderezana kwina kulikonse, kotero kuti demokalase yokhazikika pazachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu idzakulitsa kwambiri kuthekera kwa anthu odziyimira pawokha, sitikhulupirira kuti kuponderezana pakati pa mitundu, jenda, kugonana ndi mitundu ina kungathe kuchepetsedwa. kugwiritsa ntchito chuma. Mgwirizano pakati pa anthu onse ogwira ntchito omwe ali mumsampha wa capitalist ukhoza kukhala chofunikira kuti pakhale gulu lolimba la sosholisti, koma socialism monga demokalase yopitilira muyeso ndi yochulukirapo kuposa kumasulidwa kwa gulu limodzi lazachuma. Pulojekiti ya demokalase ya chikhalidwe cha anthu imaphatikizaponso kuthana ndi kuponderezedwa kosiyanasiyana mu malamulo, chikhalidwe ndi anthu omwe amachepetsa mphamvu za anthu kuti azidzilamulira okha.
Kuti tipereke zitsanzo zochepa, ntchito yosamalira ana, yomwe pansi pa capitalism imagwera mopanda malire kwa azimayi - makamaka azimayi amitundu ndi azimayi osamukira kumayiko ena - atha kuthandizidwa poyera kudzera mu chisamaliro chapadziko lonse lapansi, chisamaliro cha akulu komanso tchuthi cholipira. M'gawo lazamalamulo, nzika zonse zitha kukhala ndi ufulu wofanana, mosiyana ndi zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano pomwe mamiliyoni a nzika (ku District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, madera akunja ndi mafuko a Native American) alibe mphamvu yosankha okha ma congressional. oimira. M'malamulo, dongosolo losankhana mitundu lachilungamo lomwe lilipo tsopano lingalowe m'malo ndi dongosolo lomwe limakhala ndi mabungwe owunikira nzika (opatsidwa mphamvu zenizeni) a apolisi ndi makhothi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kochititsa manyazi kwa ndende kuwongolera machitidwe (omwe amakhudza mosagwirizana ndi anthu amitundu ndi osauka) angalowe m'malo ndi dongosolo lomwe limaletsa milandu yambiri (makamaka yokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo) ndikuphatikiza ntchito zonse kwa ozunzidwa ndi chilungamo chobwezeretsa, chisamaliro chaumoyo wamaganizidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya upangiri wothandiza anthu kupeza njira zabwino zopitira patsogolo atapalamula milandu yayikulu. Pomaliza, kuponderezana pakati pa mafuko / fuko ndi kugonana / chifukwa cha jenda kumatha kupitilizabe m'magulu a sosholisti. Chifukwa chake mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana othetsa mwayi wokhudzana ndi kuyera, amuna ndi akazi akuyenera kupangidwa, ndipo malamulo oletsa tsankho pantchito komanso m'mabungwe a anthu akuyenera kukulitsidwa.
Kupatula kuthana ndi zolowa za kuponderezana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, mtundu, chiwerewere ndi mitundu ina ya kuponderezana, demokalase ya demokalase idzabweretsa kutsitsimuka kwa chikhalidwe komwe kudzakhala kochuluka kwa zojambulajambula ndi moyo watsopano. Pokhala ndi nthawi yambiri yaulere, kutetezedwa ku zovuta zakugwiritsa ntchito chuma komanso kukulitsa mikhalidwe yaulemu ndi mgwirizano, anthu pamlingo wokulirapo atha kwa nthawi yoyamba kusankha mwaufulu momwe akufuna kuti akule ngati munthu payekhapayekha, zochepetsedwa ndi mfundo zolemekezana. ndi kusakhalapo kwa mazunzo ndi kuponderezana. Kudziwika kwamtundu ndi jenda, ngakhale kuti zidachokera m'machitidwe oponderezana, sizikayikiridwanso pagulu la anthu, ndipo zitha kukhala ndi gawo labwino pakuumba umunthu wamunthu.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa nthaŵi zonse kuti mofanana ndi mtundu wina uliwonse wa chitaganya, chitaganya cha demokalase cha sosholisti sichingabweretse kumvana kotheratu. Gulu loterolo nthawi zonse liyenera kuyenda pakati pa zotsutsana zamagulu osiyanasiyana ndipo mabungwe andale ademokalase adzafunika nthawi zonse kuti athetse ndi kuthetsa mikangano yotere. Socialism ya demokalase, ndiko kuti, sikudzakhala chikhalidwe chomwe asosholisti ambiri akale ankaganiza. Komabe kupindula kwa sosholisti yademokalase kukakhalabe chizindikiro chimodzi cha kupita patsogolo kwakukulu m’mbiri ya anthu. M’malo mwa nkhondo, padzakhala mtendere; m’malo mwa mpikisano, mgwirizano; m’malo modyera masuku pamutu, kufanana; mmalo mwa kuipitsa, kukhazikika ndipo mmalo mwa ulamuliro, ufulu. Moyo ukadakhalabe wachisoni komanso chisangalalo, ndipo padzakhalabe ntchito zolephereka ndi chikondi chosafunikira. Koma ndi demokalase ya sosholizimu sipakanakhalanso kuzunzika kosafunikira koikidwa pa unyinji wa anthu ndi mabungwe amene sitingathe kuwalamulira.
III. Njira Yathu
Ndi masomphenyawa, tikutembenukira ku chithunzithunzi cha njira ya DSA yosunthira singano yaufulu kufupi ndi demokalase ya sosholizimu pazaka ndi zaka zikubwerazi. Timakhulupilira kuti demokalase ya demokalase ndiyo njira yokhayo yaumunthu ndi demokalase yosiyana ndi capitalism, koma poganizira chuma chathu chochepa pakali pano tiyenera kuganizira mozama za momwe tingamasulire malingaliro athu ndi zikhalidwe zathu zandale kukhala njira yabwino yandale. Poganizira kukula ndi kukula kwa zovuta zomwe timakumana nazo, komanso chikhalidwe cha demokalase ndi kugawikana kwa mabungwe athu, palibe njira yoyendetsera kampeni yophatikiza zonse yomwe tingathe kuperekerako chuma chathu chonse cha bungwe. M'malo mwake, njira yathu - kutengera kusanthula kwaposachedwa pazandale ndi zachuma - ndikumenya nkhondo zingapo zolumikizana pakanthawi kochepa, zopindulitsa zomwe zapezeka muzolimbanazi kukhala zosintha mwadongosolo, monyanyira pakati- nthawi ndipo pamapeto pake kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za chipani chachikulu cha Socialist kapena mgwirizano wa zipani zotsalira ndi zopita patsogolo kuti apambane mphamvu zandale ndikuyamba njira yosinthira chikhalidwe cha anthu.
M'kanthawi kochepa, njira yathu imakhala yogwira ntchito nthawi imodzi pama projekiti angapo omwe tafotokoza m'munsimu (kutsindika komwe kumayikidwa pa chilichonse kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe zinthu zilili kwanuko). Mosasamala kanthu za zovuta zomwe gawo la DSA lapatsidwa, komabe, nthawi zonse tidzayang'ana kwambiri kuthana ndi tsankho lakale la gulu lathu kwa omenyera ufulu (makamaka amuna). Tidzachita izi pomanga maubwenzi ozama ndi mabungwe omwe akuimira amayi osauka ndi ogwira ntchito komanso anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira za bungwe kuti tiphunzitse mamembala athu za kufunikira kwa bungwe lodana ndi tsankho komanso kulimbikitsa kulandila, kuphatikizapo machaputala a DSA. Pansipa pali chidule cha zovuta zofunika kwambiri zomwe DSA idzachita nawo zaka zikubwerazi (mndandandawu suli wokwanira pazochitika zonse zochitidwa ndi mitu ya DSA; tsatanetsatane wa mizere yowonjezera ikupezeka mu chikalata cha DSA).
Kupanga Migwirizano Yamitundu Yosiyanasiyana, Mwadala Yophatikizana
Kuwunika kwa DSA pazaubwenzi pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuponderezana pansi pa capitalism kukuwonetsa kuti njira yokhayo ya demokalase yolimbana ndi capitalism ndi imodzi yomwe imagwirizanitsa antiracist, feminist, LGBTQ, labour, anti-ableist, ndi anti-ageist (komanso monga zina) mayendedwe mwa "kulumikiza madontho" pakati pawo. Timaona kuti kulimbanako kuli kolimbikitsana, ndipo timakhulupirira kuti kupambana kwa imodzi kumadalira kupambana kwa ena. Kuphatikiza apo, ma capitalist akhala akugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse zolimbikitsa kusankhana mitundu, komanso mikangano pakati pa jenda ndi mtundu, kuti asunge magawano pakati pa ogwira ntchito. Kuti tithe kuthana ndi magawanowa ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano wozama pakati pa ogwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti bungwe lolankhula Chingelezi, loyera, loyera, lachimuna, lolankhula Chingerezi, makamaka ophunzira kukoleji monga DSA likhazikitse patsogolo ntchito zachilungamo ndikukonzekera bwino pamavuto omwe Kuponderezana kwa mitundu, jenda, kalasi ndi kugonana kumadutsana. Tiyenera kutero modzichepetsa ndi kutsogola kuchokera ku mabungwe omwe amakonzekera ndikutsogoleredwa ndi anthu osauka ndi ogwira ntchito m'madera amenewo.
Ntchito yeniyeni yamgwirizano yopangidwa ndi mutu uliwonse wa DSA idzasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, koma zingaphatikizepo, kutchulapo zochepa, kumenyera chithandizo chamankhwala padziko lonse ndi maphunziro apamwamba a anthu onse, ndikulimbana ndi kukula kwa ndende, nkhanza za apolisi komanso tsankho la anthu opanda zikalata. ogwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri mitu ya DSA imayenera kusankha pakati pa makampeni angapo oyenera omwe angagwiritse ntchito zinthu zawo zabungwe. Pazifukwa izi, mitu iyenera kusankha makampeni potengera momwe kampeniyo imakhudzira zinthu zofunika m'madera osiyanasiyana, komanso momwe anthu omwe akuchita nawo kampeni atha kukhala omasuka ku ndale za demokalase. .
Kukonzekera kwa Ntchito
Ubale wofunikira wa chikhalidwe cha anthu mu capitalism uli pakati pa wogwira ntchito ndi capitalist (wogwira ntchito ndi owalemba ntchito), ndipo kudyera masuku pamutu kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ma capitalist ndiye gwero lalikulu la phindu mu dongosolo la chikapitalist. Ubale umenewu umapatsa gulu la ogwira ntchito mwadongosolo mphamvu zazikulu zomwe zingatheke, ndipo zimapangitsa kudzipanga nokha kwa anthu ogwira ntchito kukhala chida chofunika kwambiri pakulimbana kwa anticapitalist. Kupitilira apo, kulinganiza ntchito kumapatsa mamembala a DSA mwayi osati wongogwira ntchito yotsitsimula antchito komanso kumanga DSA. Mbiri ya US yasonyeza kuti olemba ntchito abwino kwambiri a socialism ndi ogwira ntchito odziwa bwino komanso ogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, ndipo, mofananamo, kuti okonza malo abwino kwambiri ogwira ntchito ndi socialists. Pazifukwa izi tiyenera kuyika gulu la ogwira nawo ntchito ndi njira zatsopano, zochepetsera zachikhalidwe za ogwira ntchito (monga malo a ogwira ntchito) patsogolo komanso pazitsogozo zathu. Ntchitoyi ndiyofunika kwambiri masiku ano, pamene gulu la ogwira ntchito lili pansi kwambiri pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zachiwembu chamakampani.
Kutengapo gawo kofunikira kwambiri kwa DSA m'gulu la ogwira ntchito m'zaka zikubwerazi kudzakhala mu mphamvu zathu monga ogwirizana. Sitingathe - ndipo sitiyenera - kutsogolera mamembala athu kuti apeze ntchito m'magawo ena azachuma kuti agwire ntchito ngati okonza maudindo. Komabe, titha kulimbikitsa ndi kuthandizira mamembala athu omwe amakhala omenyera udindo, komanso oyang'anira masitolo ndi oyang'anira mabungwe amderalo, ndikulimbikitsa kukambirana ndi mgwirizano m'magawo omwe mamembala ambiri a DSA amagwira ntchito, monga chisamaliro chaumoyo, ntchito zachitukuko ndi kuphunzitsa. Mabungwe amafunikira antchito abwino komanso okonza zolipidwa, koma kutsitsimuka kwa gulu lantchito kudzadalira koposa zonse pazankhondo pakati paogwira ntchito pawokha. Kukonzekera kwa Community
Ngakhale kulinganiza m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndikofunikira, malo ang'onoang'ono, ntchito zosakhazikika, komanso zizolowezi zosagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zikuwonetsa kufunikira kolinganiza gulu monga gawo lofunikira pakukonza ntchito. Mitu yambiri ya DSA idakonzedwa motengera dera lalikulu. Palibe chomwe chiyenera kuletsa mamembala a DSA kupanga nawonso moyandikana nawo. Ayenera kukambirana ndi anansi awo, kuti adziwe kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe anthu ammudzi akukumana nazo mwachangu (mwachitsanzo, ufulu wa anthu obwereketsa nyumba, nkhanza za apolisi kapena zopanda pake, ntchito zaboma zomwe sizilipiridwa bwino) ndikukonzekera bwino pankhaniyi. Kukonzekera kwamagulu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira maubwenzi olimba ndi okhalitsa ndi anthu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zakhala zikuperewera kwa mitu ya DSA. Ntchito yotereyi ingathandizenso omenyera ufulu wathu kulumikizana ndi anthu azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ndipo potero amaphatikiza malingaliro ochulukirapo ndikupanga bungwe loyimira anthu ogwira ntchito mdziko muno.
Kukonzekera mu Maphunziro Apamwamba
Chaka chilichonse, nyumba zamalamulo za boma zimachepetsa ndalama zamakoleji ndi mayunivesite aboma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maphunziro achuluke komanso kukula kwa makalasi. Oyang'anira mayunivesite alowa m'malo mwa ogwira ntchito m'boma ndi ogwira ntchito zabizinesi, odyeredwa masuku pamutu pazakudya ndi kukonza nyumba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, alowa m'malo mwa aphunzitsi anthawi zonse, ophunzitsidwa bwino, komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi ophunzira omaliza maphunziro komanso gulu lankhondo lolipidwa lochepa, la nobenefits la adjunct professor (mapulofesa opanda chitetezo cha ntchito ndipo nthawi zambiri opanda phindu) kuti apereke malangizo. Ophunzira amamaliza maphunziro awo ndi ngongole zambiri ndipo madigiri awo amakhala ochepa komanso ocheperako kuti awapezere ntchito yokwanira yakusukulu. Vutoli la maphunziro apamwamba likhoza kuchititsa imfa ya maphunziro apamwamba a demokalase ku United States kapena gulu lamphamvu la ophunzira, antchito, aphunzitsi ndi madera omwe angathe kubwezeretsa dongosololi. Tikukhulupirira kuti njira yomalizayi ndi yotheka komanso kuti DSA ikhoza kutengapo gawo lofunikira pakulimbikitsa chitukuko chake.
Maphunziro apamwamba a anthu aulere ndi chitsanzo chachikulu cha zomwe tingatchule kusintha kwa "kusintha" komwe kumathandiza kufalitsa lingaliro la sosholizimu ndi kukonzanso, kukonzanso kwakukulu kotheka m'tsogolomu. Maphunziro apamwamba aulere angatanthauze kuchotsa zomwe ziyenera kukhala zabwino kwa anthu onse pamsika, kuziyika pansi pa ulamuliro wa demokalase ndikuzitsimikizira ngati ufulu kwa nzika zonse - ndikuzipereka ndalama ndi dongosolo lamisonkho lopita patsogolo lomwe limapangitsa olemera ndi mabungwe kulipira. gawo lawo labwino la ndalama za boma. Kupatula phindu lake, kampeni yotereyi iwonetsanso anthu kuti mfundo za chikhalidwe cha anthu ndizofunika komanso zotheka. Kupeza maphunziro apamwamba aulere kutha kukhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri popanga ndale za demokalase kukhala zowoneka bwino kwa anthu ambiri aku US.
Kukonzekera Kwachisankho
Kukwanilitsa zolinga zathu kudzafunika kulinganiza anthu ndi “kutentha kwa mseu,” koma kudzafunikanso unyinji wovuta wa akuluakulu andale kuti akwanilitse. Ngakhale kuti zisankho mwazokha sizidzabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa ndale, zachuma kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu - osasiya kukhazikitsa njira yopita ku Socialism - n'zovuta kulingalira momwe tingakwaniritsire zolinga zathu ku United States popanda kutenga nawo mbali pa chisankho. . Pakanthawi kochepa, tiyenera kuchita nawo zisankho pazifukwa zingapo zofunika: kuteteza ufulu womwe ulipo; kukhazikitsa zofuna zatsopano za chilungamo cha chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachuma zomwe zingasinthe zokambirana za anthu ndikukhazikitsa mipata yakusintha kofunikira panjira; kukopa mamembala atsopano ku DSA ndikukulitsa luso lathu monga bungwe; ndi kukhazikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa anthu osagwirizana ndi chisankho. Mchitidwe wathu wolimbikitsa zisankho udzakhala wosiyana malinga ndi momwe ndale zimakhalira. Koma ziphatikizirapo kuthandizira omwe akupita patsogolo komanso asosholisti omwe akufuna kukhala paudindo, nthawi zambiri m'ma primaries a Democratic kapena ngati ma Democrat pamasankho akulu komanso kuthandizira kampeni yodziyimira payokha komanso yachipani chachitatu kunja kwa Democratic Party. Munthawi yapakati mpaka yayitali, tidzagwira ntchito yokulitsa luso la bungwe kuti tiyendetse osankhidwa athu (monga limodzi la mabungwe omwe adatsogola a DSA, Democratic Socialist Organising Committee, ndi DSA yomwe idakwanitsa 1970s ndi 1980s) , kukhazikitsa migwirizano ikuluikulu yachisankho yachipani cha Democratic Party ndi kunja kwa chipani cha Democratic Party ndipo potsirizira pake kukhazikitsa mgwirizano waukulu wa zisankho kuti uthandizire kusintha kwa ndale ndi zachuma.
Kukonzekera Kwachilengedwe
Tidzatenganso nawo gawo pazanyengo polimbana ndi chiwonongeko chomwe chachitika ndi capitalism padziko lonse lapansi pa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri, zikhalidwe ndi zachilengedwe. Kudzipereka kwathu ku gululi kumatigwirizanitsa ndi kulimbana kwa anthu amtundu wawo motsutsana ndi kulandidwa kwa mafuta awo amafuta ndi nkhalango komanso kuwononga moyo kwa mpweya ndi madzi athu. Zimatiyikanso motsutsana ndi malingaliro osasamala omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi Kumpoto kwa dziko lonse kwa anthu akuda ndi a bulauni padziko lonse lapansi omwe amakhudzidwa mosagwirizana ndi mvula yamkuntho, kusefukira kwa madzi ndi njala zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wotsatiridwa mumlengalenga ndi mayiko otukuka.
Kukonzekera kwachilungamo kwa nyengo m'mitu ya DSA nthawi zambiri kumakhala ngati kampeni yochotsa mabungwe ku mafuta oyaka, zionetsero ndi mitundu ina yosagwirizana ndi mfundo zapakhomo ndi mapangano apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amasokoneza chitetezo cha chilengedwe. Kukonzekera ngati socialists otseguka kumapatsa mamembala a DSA mwayi wokonzekera mozungulira zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi "zobiriwira" pansi pa mbendera ya gulu la anticapitalist "red". Kutenga nawo gawo mu kayendetsedwe ka chilungamo chanyengo kumathandiziranso DSA kugogomezera ndale zake zapadziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa gululi ndi gawo limodzi lankhondo yolimbana ndi kuwongolera moyo wamagulu ndi zachuma, komanso mokomera demokalase yapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe imathandizira ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi, ufulu wa anthu komanso chilengedwe. miyezo.
International Organising
Mu chuma chadziko lonse lapansi, kudzipereka kwa socialists ku mgwirizano wapadziko lonse sikungofunika makhalidwe abwino koma kufunikira kwa pragmatic. DSA idzayima mogwirizana ndi mayendedwe padziko lonse lapansi omwe akulimbana kuti akweze miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yantchito, zachilengedwe, ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe motsutsana ndi mfundo zamakampani "zothamanga mpaka pansi". Mgwirizano woterewu nthawi zambiri umakhala ngati kutsutsana ndi mfundo zakunja za boma lathu, zomwe zimathandizira mabungwe opanda demokalase padziko lonse lapansi (kuphatikiza "mapangano amalonda aulere") omwe amachirikiza, nthawi zambiri kudzera m'kulowererapo kwankhondo, maulamuliro aulamuliro omwe amathandizira boma la US komanso zofuna zachuma. .
Kumanga DSA ndi Socialist Kumanzere
Udindo wa DSA pakupanga mayendedwe opita patsogolo a anthu ndi ofunikira pantchito yathu; mosasamala kanthu za zomwe timapindula monga bungwe kuchokera ku ntchito iyi, ndi mapeto ake okha. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzera mumgwirizano wathu komanso kulinganiza anthu ammudzi timaphunzira maluso okonzekera bwino ndikupeza njira zambiri zopititsira patsogolo ntchito zomwe timagwira. Komabe, kuti tigwire bwino ntchitoyi, komanso kumanga mabungwe okhazikika, odziyimira pawokha a socialist omwe tikuyembekeza kuti adzakula m'kupita kwanthawi kukhala gulu lamphamvu landale, tiyenera kukulitsa kwambiri magulu a gulu la Socialist ku United States. Mayiko. Ngakhale kuti DSA yakula kwambiri kuyambira 2010, pali mwayi wokulirapo, makamaka pambuyo pa Sanders 'Political Revolution, yomwe idawonetsa achinyamata ambiri ku lingaliro la demokalase kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kuti tigwiritse ntchito mwayi umenewu, mitu ya DSA idzagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zothandizira kukulitsa omenyera ufulu wathu ndi mamembala athu. Choyamba, tidzagogomezera kwambiri kutsutsa kwathu kwa capitalism ndi masomphenya abwino a demokalase Socialism mu mgwirizano wathu, maphunziro a anthu ndi ntchito yokonzekera anthu. Tidzaperekanso zinthu zambiri popanga atsogoleri atsopano kudzera mu upangiri pawokha, maphunziro a luso ndi mapulogalamu a maphunziro. Pomaliza, tikhala ndikuwunika pafupipafupi komanso mozama momwe gulu lathu likuyendera, pomwe nthawi zonse timayesetsa kupeza mamembala ambiri ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana.
Kupambana pazovuta zosiyanasiyanazi kuyenera kubweretsa nthawi yomwe tingathe kuyankhula mozama za kusintha kwa demokalase ya sosholizimu kudzera mukusintha komwe kumawononga mphamvu ya dongosolo la capitalist (nthawi zambiri limatchedwa "non-reformist reforms"), monga kukonzanso dziko. ya mafakitale anzeru (mabanki, magalimoto, ndi zina zotero) ndi kupanga ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama zoyendetsedwa ndi ogwira ntchito (zopangidwa ndi msonkho wamakampani) zomwe zidzagulira magawo a capitalist m'makampani ndikukhazikitsa makampani omwe ali ndi antchito komanso oyendetsedwa pamlingo waukulu. Ngakhale zingawonekere nthawi isanakwane kuti tiyambe kukambirana za zolinga zanthawi yayitali tisanakwaniritse zolinga zathu zazifupi (ngakhale zolakalaka) zanthawi yochepa, ndikofunikira kuti titsogolere masomphenya omveka bwino a zolinga zathu zazifupi, zapakati komanso zazitali. ndi nkhani yodalirika ya momwe tingasunthire kuchokera ku gawo lililonse lakulimbana kupita ku lina (zambiri zokhudzana ndi funsoli zingapezeke mu ndondomeko ya DSA). Ngati sitikudziwa bwino komwe tikupita, timakhala pachiwopsezo chotaya kufunikira kwa chidziwitso chathu cha socialist ndikupanga zolakwika zanjira chifukwa cha kupindula kwakanthawi kochepa.
M'tsogolomu zomwe zikuwonekeratu cholinga chathu chachikulu chidzakhala kumanga gulu lokhazikika, lodziyimira pawokha la demokalase ndikuthandizira kukulitsa migwirizano yopita patsogolo yomwe ingathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zandale pamagulu onse. Koma tisaiwale masomphenya a demokalase a sosholisti omwe amakhala ngati chitsogozo chomangirira palimodzi zomenyera ufulu ndi kufanana komwe timakhala tikuchita, tsiku ndi tsiku.
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