Chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kuti…
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kuletsa anansi athu ntchito,
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kutulutsa zinthu zomwe zimawononga ana athu ndi zidzukulu zathu, ndi
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kukhala ndi nthawi yochepa yosangalala ndi moyo?
Anthu akuchotsedwa ntchito ndi nyumba zawo. Anthu ambiri padziko lonse alibe chakudya, chithandizo chamankhwala komanso mayendedwe. M'malo mokwaniritsa zosowa zenizeni, maboma ndi mabungwe azachuma padziko lonse lapansi akupanga "mapulogalamu ochepetsera ndalama" omwe amachepetsa ntchito zoyambira ndikukhazikitsa chilichonse kuyambira pamaphunziro ndi kutumiza makalata mpaka mapulani a penshoni ndi thanzi la anthu.
Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kusintha kwa nyengo kumakulirakulirabe pamaso pathu pamene chilimwe chitentha, chilala chikuwonjezereka, madzi oundana a m’mphepete mwa nyanja akusungunuka, ndipo anthu okhala m’mphepete mwa nyanja akuwopsezedwa ndi kukwera kwa madzi. Izi zimachitika pakati pa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ma radioactive ndi mankhwala ena oopsa, kuwonongedwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, ndi kusonkhezera kukoka chuma chotsiriza kuchokera pa Dziko Lapansi kuti palibe chomwe chidzasiyidwe ku mibadwo yamtsogolo.
Kodi sikungakhale kwanzeru kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense ali ndi ntchito yokwanira pomwe palibe amene watopa? A Njira Yobiriwira Yozama kumatanthauza kupanga zinthu zomwe zili zofunika kwinaku akuletsa kupanga zinthu zosafunikira. Zimenezi zingapereke moyo watanthauzo kwa tonsefe pamene tikuteteza dziko kuti lisawonongedwenso.
Tsoka ilo, yankho lodziwikiratu lotere limatha kutayika chifukwa cha chisokonezo:
1. Omenyera chilungamo pazachikhalidwe cha anthu nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuchulukirachulukira kwa ntchito zopanga (mwachitsanzo, “kulimbikitsa chuma”), komwe kuli gwero la zovuta zachilengedwe. Kupanga zambiri lero kupangitsa moyo kukhala wosapiririka m'tsogolomu.
2. Amene akulimbana ndi mavuto azachilengedwe amamvetsetsa kufunika kothetsa makhalidwe monga kudula mitengo, kugumula, kuchotsa mchenga wa phula, kuchotsa malasha pamwamba pa mapiri ndi usodzi wa chingwe chachitali. Koma kodi ndizotheka kuchepetsa kwambiri kupanga mafuta mukamagwira ntchito?
3. Ena amalabadira kusagwirizanaku ndi Green New Deal, yomwe ingagwiritse ntchito ukadaulo "wochezeka" pakupanga pulogalamu yayikulu yolimbikitsira. Koma izi sizikanatha kupereka ntchito kwa aliyense ndipo zitha kukulitsa zovuta zachilengedwe.
Mgwirizano Wazama pakati pa Labor ndi Environmentalists
Sabata lachidule la ntchito ndilo poyambira kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amatikhudza tonse. Zingatilole kuti tiyende mwachangu ku ntchito zonse panthawi imodzimodziyo timayika mabuleki pamafakitole owonjezera. Koma kugwira ntchito maola osakwana 40 pamlungu kumapweteketsa mtima ngati kukutanthauza kutaya inshuwaransi yazaumoyo, kutaya mapulani a penshoni, ndi kulephera kulipira kunyumba.
Choncho nkhawa za anthu ogwira ntchito ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri yoteteza chilengedwe. Tiyenera kusintha makampani a inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chaulere. Tiyenera kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu chitetezo cha anthu kuti tilowe m'malo mwa mapulani a penshoni omwe ali osalingana, osakwanira komanso osowa. Payenera kukhala kuyimitsa (kapena kutha kwa) kutseka kwanyumba ndi chitetezo kwa aliyense amene agwidwa ndi kuwira kwa nyumba.
Pamene zosoŵa zofunika zimenezi zikutsimikiziridwa monga ufulu wachibadwidwe, mamiliyoni a anthu angasangalale kugwira ntchito maola 30 (kapena 20) okha pamlungu. Izi zikanathandiza kulimbikitsa mabanja ndipo zikanayala maziko ochepetsera kupanga zinthu zovulaza ndi zowononga.
Kuchita Zowopsa Zokhudza Kuletsa Kuwonongeka Kwachilengedwe
Mfundo zophweka ndi izi: (a) sizingatheke kuchepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha (GHGs) popanda kuchepetsa kwambiri kuyaka kwa mafuta; ndi (b) chuma chidzachepa chifukwa tikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo ochepa. Chimodzimodzinso pa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, ziphe za m'mafakitale ndi kusunga “zinthu zachilengedwe” kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa ntchito zamafakitale ndikofunikira kuti titeteze thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe.
Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kusiya kumanganso mizinda yamkati ndi kupirira moyo wa nsembe ndi kuvutika? Ayi ndithu. Chuma chochuluka choterechi chimapita kuzinthu zowononga komanso zowononga zomwe titha kupereka zofunika pa nthawi yomweyo pamene tikuchepetsa kuwotcha mafuta.
Zotsatirazi ndi zitsanzo zingapo za a Zobiriwira zobiriwira yandikira.
Chitetezo Chabwino
Nkhondo za m’zaka za m’ma 21 zikumenyedwa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti maulamuliro akuluakulu padziko lonse ali ndi mwayi wopeza mafuta otsalira padziko lonse lapansi. Nzika zaku US sizikhala zotetezeka chifukwa gulu lankhondo limapha anthu kotero kuti mabungwe azilamulira zinthu zachilengedwe. Ubwino wa moyo wathu sukuyenda bwino pokhala ndi mazana a magulu ankhondo padziko lonse lapansi. Pochepetsa asitikali aku US kukhala 1-2% ya kukula kwake ndikuchotsa zida zanyukiliya zochulukira titha kukhala otetezeka ndikupulumutsa mathililiyoni a madola.
Kutsekeredwa m'ndende kumagwira ntchito ngati njira yolumikizirana komanso yobisika bwino yoyendetsera anthu, yofanana ndi Jim Crow. Nkhondo ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo imachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azimangidwa, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali mndende chiwonjezeke kasanu kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1980, ndipo 80 peresenti ya milandu ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo imakhala yongopeza. Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumadziwika kuti ndi pafupifupi ofanana m'mitundu yonse, anthu akuda ndi omwe amakhala ndi milandu yambiri yamankhwala, mpaka 90% m'maiko ena. Monga zigawenga, anthu akuda amakanidwa voti (1 pa 7), amasalidwa ndi owalemba ntchito mwalamulo polemba ntchito, satha kulandira ziphaso za akatswiri, amakanidwa nyumba za boma ndi chithandizo chaumoyo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalipidwa kuti alipire ndalama za khothi. Dongosolo lochititsa manyazi la mitundu ya anthu ndi losapiririka m'gulu la anthu obiriwira: lingathe kuthetsedwa mwa kusintha nkhondo ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi ndondomeko yovomerezeka mwalamulo.
Chakudya Chowonjezera Chopatsa thanzi
Magwero ofunikira kwambiri a GHG kuchokera kumakampani azakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama. Pothetsa “ulimi wa fakitale” wa nyama ndi kukhala ndi masiku opanda nyama, tingachepetsenso mitundu yambiri ya matenda a mtima.
Ulimi wamafakitale umadzipereka kwambiri pakukonza, kulongedza, kutsatsa, kunyamula, kusintha ma genetic ndikugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso mafuta opangira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza ndi makina. Ndalama zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimathandizidwa ndi ndalama zamisonkho. Njira yobiriwira yozama ingalowe m'malo mwa chithandizo ndi misonkho pazakudya zamakampani ndikupereka thandizo lazakudya zopangira organic ndi zomera. Izi zitha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndikuchepetsa kutsika kwa famu yabanja nthawi yomweyo pomwe bizinesi ikucheperachepera.
Madera Okhazikika
Tiyenera kuyamba nthawi yomweyo kusintha mizinda yaku America kukhala madera oyenda. Payenera kukhala masitolo oyandikana nawo (monga grocery, barber shopu, pharmacy, hardware) kuti anthu opanda zilema azitha 80% ya maulendo awo panjinga kapena phazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe ambiri kapena kugawana magalimoto kwa ena onse.
Mosiyana, Green Capitalism imalimbikitsa magalimoto "ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu" monga njira yochepetsera GHGs. Komabe, kuwongolera kulikonse kwa mphamvu zamagetsi kumachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu.
Kuti tipewe maulendo agalimoto okhala ndi anthu ochepa, tifunika kusiya galimoto yamunthu payekha. M'zaka zingapo, magalimoto okhawo omwe amafunikira kumadera akumidzi adzakhala amwadzidzidzi (ambulansi, moto, apolisi), zoyendera zamakampani / zomanga, zoyendera anthu ambiri, olumala ndi kugawana magalimoto.
Mankhwala Oletsa
Makampani ambiri azachipatala aku US amadzipangira okha ndalama m'malo mosunga anthu bwino. Ndalama zimenezi zimawonongeka m’makampani a inshuwaransi, kupereka chithandizo chosayenera kapena chovulaza, kuyambitsa matenda, kukokomeza matenda amene alipo, kusandutsa matenda ang’onoang’ono kukhala aakulu mwa kukana chisamaliro cha anthu osauka, ndi kuyang’ana kwambiri chisamaliro chachipatala chimene chimapangitsa anthu kudwala matenda atsopano.
Njira ina yobiriwira yobiriwira ingapereke chithandizo chaulere cha anthu onse komanso njira zodzitetezera. Zipatala ndi maofesi a madotolo m'matauni akhazikitsidwe kotero kuti odwala athe kuyenda kapena njinga kupita kwa iwo kapena madotolo azitha kuyenda wapansi kapena njinga kupita kunyumba za odwala awo. [Lumikizanani ndi gulu la Green Party USA kuti mudziwe komwe izi zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zambiri.] Izi zingapangitse moyo wathu kukhala wabwino panthawi imodzimodziyo zimachepetsa ndalama zachipatala kwambiri.
Katundu Wogwiritsa Ntchito
Kodi china chake chinawonongeka mutangochigula? Kodi makampani akuchita izi mwadala kuti atikakamize kugula zambiri? “Kutha ntchito kolinganizidwa” kwa katundu wogula (a) kukakamiza anthu onse kuthera maola ochuluka pa ntchito kupanga zinthu zimene zalinganizidwira kudziwononga zokha kapena kuchoka m’kalembedwe kake, (b) kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe zambiri, ndipo (c) kumayambitsa zambiri. GHGs ndi poizoni wa mafakitale ku chilengedwe.
Njira ina yobiriwira kwambiri ingafune kuti zinthu zonse zipangidwe kuti zizikhala nthawi yayitali momwe zingathere komanso kuti zinthu zotopa ndi zosweka zibwezedwe kwa wopanga yemwe adzakhale ndi udindo wogwiritsanso ntchito 100% ya zigawozo. Ndi masamu osavuta: Tikadapanga zinthu kuti zizikhalitsa nthawi 10, titha kuchepetsa kupanga ndi 80% pomwe tili ndi katundu wogula kuwirikiza kawiri.
Miyoyo Yathu Monga Opanga: Kudzutsidwa Kwamakhalidwe
Kupulumuka kwa umunthu kumafuna kusintha kwakukulu kwa makhalidwe abwino: tiyenera kutsutsa kukula kwachuma kosatha. Kodi makhalidwe atsopano adzayambika kuti? M’maganizo a anthu akutali? Pa udindo wathu monga ogula? Kapena, mu moyo wathu wa ntchito?
Kodi anthu angasinthe bwanji zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti apulumuke? Nthawi zambiri, yankho limakhala lakuti: “Gulani zinthu zoyenera.” Koma kusankha koyenera kwa ogula nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosapezeka, kosatheka kapena kumapangitsa kusiyana kochepa. Mphamvu zathu monga opanga zimaposa mphamvu zathu monga ogula.
Pakali pano, ufulu wathu wachibadwidwe umatha tikayamba tsiku lathu lantchito ndikungoyambiranso ntchito ikatha. Izi ziyenera kutha. Ufulu wovota wofunikira kwambiri womwe tiyenera kukhala nawo ndi ufulu wovota pazomwe tipanga komanso momwe tingapangire.
Njira ina ya Deep Green imafuna "Kukambitsirana kwa Olima Obiriwira Kwambiri." Gulu lirilonse la anthu ogwira ntchito liyenera kufunsa ngati zomwe akupanga zili zabwino kapena zovulaza. Kodi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, kusinthidwa, kuchepetsedwa kapena kuthetsedwa? Ngati aona kuti zimene akupanga zikufunika kuchepetsedwa kapena kuimitsidwa, kodi kusinthako kuchitidwe bwanji ndiponso ntchito zina ziti zimene ayenera kukhala nazo? Uwu ndi mtundu wa funso lomwe tonsefe tiyenera kufunsa ngati tikufuna kuyamba ntchito yomanga dziko latsopano ndi dziko lokhalamo anthu.
Lingaliro lakusintha chidziwitso ndi lopanda kanthu ngati tikakamizidwa kutenga nawo mbali pazopanga zovulaza popanda mphamvu yoletsa. Kutha kukhala ndi zokambirana zazikulu za opanga kumaganiza kuti tikumanga gulu lomwe anthu onse ali ndi ufulu wosintha ntchito yosiyana ngati akuganiza kuti zomwe akuchita pano ndi zowononga.
Mwachionekere, tiyenera kusiya kupanga zinthu zosafunikira. Koma ndani amasankha zomwe zili ndi zosayenera? Kwa nthawi yayitali, chisankho chimenecho chapangidwa ndi 1%. Amatanthauzira "chofunikira" ngati chilichonse chomwe chingawathandize kupeza phindu lochulukirapo, mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zimachita kwa antchito, madera, ndi chilengedwe. 1% yawonetsa kuti sangathe kupanga zisankho zamakhalidwe abwino pazachuma. Tsopano ndi nthawi yoti 99% itenge 99% ya mphamvu zopanga zisankho.
Bokosi 1: Kugawira Ndalama Moyenera
Sabata lachidule lantchito liyenera kutsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe amapeza. Ndikofunikira kutsimikizira ogwira ntchito malipiro amoyo komanso kupereka ndalama zothandizira chitetezo cha anthu ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo. Pazaka 30 zapitazi, kusalingana kwachuma kwawonjezeka kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi zokolola za ogwira ntchito zakwera ndi 84% pamene malipiro enieni awonjezeka ndi 10%. Kusalingana kwachuma kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi zotsatira zoyipa zamagulu azaumoyo: sizigwirizana ndi demokalase yotheka.
Bokosi 2: Okwera Pamahatchi Anayi Akufa: Green Revolution, Green Capitalism, Green Economy, Green New Deal
The Green Revolution idadziwonetsa ngati njira yatsopano yodyetsera dziko lonse lapansi ndi mbewu zofananira ndi ulimi wamakampani. Koma mitundu ya mbewuzo inachititsa alimi kudalira makampani opanga mbewu ndipo ankafunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ambiri. Kudalira mitundu ingapo ya mbewu kudapangitsa kuti pakhale kulima kwamtundu umodzi komanso kuwonongeka kwa zamoyo zaulimi. Green Revolution idalumikizidwa ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka, kuthirira kwakukulu, madamu komanso kusokoneza zachilengedwe zamadzi. Mbewu za yunifolomu zimalola kukolola makina, zomwe zimawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta chifukwa zimatengera ntchito kwa alimi.
Green Capitalism imakakamizika ndi mafakitale kuwonjezera misika yachilengedwe kumisika yomwe ilipo kale. Chinthu china chilichonse chimene chimalengezedwa pa TV chimati ndi “chobiriŵira,” ngakhale chikawononga kwambiri chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, opanga amakankhira "magalimoto obiriwira" kuti asawononge mafuta. Magalimoto obiriwira amapangitsa kuyendetsa galimoto kutsika mtengo, kumathandizira kupititsa patsogolo galimoto yamunthu payekhapayekha ngati njira yayikulu yoyendera, ndikuchepetsa kuyenda, kupalasa njinga ndi mayendedwe ambiri.
The Economy Yachilengedwe amati “amateteza chilengedwe” pochita zinthu mwachinsinsi. Olimbikitsa ake amafuna kuteteza mitsinje, mitsinje, nyanja zamchere, madzi oundana a polar, nkhalango komanso mpweya womwe timapuma, powagulitsa kwa ogula kwambiri. Green Economy idapangidwa kuti ithandizire kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni mosalekeza komanso kuwonongeka kosalekeza kwa zamoyo ndi zachilengedwe polola mabungwe kuti agule zochotsera mpweya kapena zamoyo zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kumayiko osauka kuti athe kuthana ndi kuipitsidwa kwawo kapena kuwononga chilengedwe.
Chitsanzo chimodzi cha izi ndi REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation). REDD imaphatikizapo kulipira mayiko osauka kuti "ateteze" nkhalango zawo ndi mpweya umene amasunga kuti alole makampani kumpoto kuti apitirize kuipitsa. Zimapereka ndalama kwa andale achinyengo komanso zimathamangitsa anthu amtunduwu m'malo okhala m'nkhalango kuti "awateteze". Izi zikachitika, ndiye kuti nkhalango zimadula mitengo mosaloledwa.
The Ntchito Yatsopano Yatsopano (GND) ndiyo yaposachedwa kwambiri pampambo uno wa “chilengedwe cha chilengedwe.” Ikulonjeza "kupangitsa America kuti igwire ntchito" popereka mamiliyoni a ntchito zobiriwira kuti akonze zida zowola, kumanganso mizinda yamkati, ndikuwonjezera ntchito zothandiza anthu. Awa ndi mapulojekiti omwe tonsefe tiyenera kuthandizira.
Koma a GND sangathe kukwaniritsa zolinga zake. Sizingatheke, pachokha, kupanga ntchito kwa aliyense chifukwa chimanyalanyaza kufunikira kwa sabata [yaufupi] yantchito. New Deal ya Franklin D. Roosevelt sinachiteponso zambiri kuposa kuchepetsa ulova, ndipo sichinachite zimenezo mosasintha.
GND siyingateteze chilengedwe chifukwa idakhazikika pakuteteza mphamvu zamakampani monga Green Revolution, Green Capitalism ndi Green Economy. Zimadalira nthano ziwiri zabodza zamakampani: kuti kukula kosatha kumatheka papulaneti lokhala ndi malire, ndikuti kukula ndikofunikira kuti aliyense akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
GND imanyalanyaza kusatheka kwa kukula kosatha ndi zotsatira zowopsya za kuyesa kukwaniritsa. Pakukula kwa 2%, chuma chikhoza kuwirikiza kawiri zaka 36 zilizonse. Pachiwopsezo cha 3%, kuwirikiza kumachitika zaka 24 zilizonse. M'zaka zana, kupanga kudzakhala kuwirikiza ka 16 kuposa momwe zilili pano. M'zaka 200 chuma chikanakhala 256 kuwirikiza momwe zilili tsopano. Zimenezi zingasefutse dziko ndi poizoni, kuwononga zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, ndi kuyambitsa kusintha kwa nyengo kosalamulirika.
Kuwonetsa kuti mphamvu za dzuwa ndi mphepo sizingakwaniritse zosowa za mphamvu zonse zapakhomo koma 100% ya zosowa zamakono zamakono ndi zongopeka. Kunena kuti atha kutero pachuma chomwe chili chachikulu kuwirikiza ka 256 ndi kupusa.
Bungwe la GND silimafunsa funso lofunika kwambiri m’nthawi yathu ino.
Nkhaniyi ipezeka mu Kugwa, 2013 ya Malingaliro a Green Social: Magazini Yophatikiza ndi Kubadwanso Kwatsopano. Ili patsamba la The Greens/Green Party USA ku http://www.greenparty.org/
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