T
he
kuwonjezereka kwapadera kwa malingaliro - kusakhulupirira, chifundo,
komanso nkhawa zapadziko lonse—zosonyezedwa pa tsoka laposachedwapa la tsunami ku Asia
ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha nkhani yachifundo ndi yothandiza anthu
opangidwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi ndale ndi ma TV. Poyerekeza
ndi kusakhalapo kwamtunduwu wapadziko lonse wokhudzidwa ndi chithandizo cha anthu
mavuto ku Darfur, Iraq, Rwanda, ndi Palestine, chifundo kwa
masoka anthawi yomweyo "achilengedwe" (dzina lolakwika kuyambira pamenepo
zotsatira za masoka oterowo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kusagwirizana
of empire) kusiyana ndi chiwonongeko chodziletsa mosavuta
za nkhondo, zankhondo, ndi kupha mafuko zimabweretsa kuwunikira
za zinyalala ndi schizophrenia wa chidziwitso cha atsamunda.
Gilbert
Achcar adanenanso za kusiyana kokhumudwitsa kumeneku m'nkhaniyo
za kuukira kwa September 11 pamene azungu “anaponyedwa
kunjenjemera kwa kusautsidwa chifukwa cha ‘6,000’ ozunzidwa
ku United States, ngakhale kuti sangaganizire za Black
Africa mu zowawa zake zoopsa. " Achcar akufotokoza chodabwitsa ichi
monga mtundu wa zomwe amachitcha "chifundo cha narcissistic" choyambitsidwa
ndi masoka amene amakantha “anthu ngati ife.”
Ndithudi
tsoka la tsunami silinagwere anthu "monga ife".
White America kapena Europe, koma ngakhale pamenepo, kudzichepetsa kumawonekera.
Dziko loyera limakhazikitsa kamvekedwe ka mphamvu yothandiza anthu
ulamuliro wake pa media media. Zofalitsa ndi zithunzi zake za
kuzunzika kwakutali kwa anthu ndi ozunzidwa akutali amatenga gawo la kupatsa
kulengeza ndi kulimbikitsa chifundo ndi kudzipereka kumadutsa
mabungwe othandiza anthu padziko lonse osankhidwa moyenera.
Ndale
chifundo padziko lonse nthawi zambiri ndi maganizo a ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu
anakhazikika m'mauphemisms ndi zotsutsana za kulowererapo kwa anthu.
Kuchitapo kanthu kothandiza anthu kumaonedwa kuti n'koyenera muzoyesayesa
kukulitsa kufikira kwa zomwe zimatchedwa demokalase. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa
Cold War, machenjerero olowererapo tsopano akuphatikizidwa m'mawu
za demokalase ndi ufulu wa anthu, m'malo mwa chiwopsezo cha chikominisi
ndi mfundo zoonekeratu zandale—kuchokera ku Kosovo mpaka ku Afghanistan
ku Iraq. Pamene US ndi UK anaphulitsa Afghanistan, kuti akhale
pooneka kuti anali Asamariya abwino, anagwa nthawi yomweyo
Zakudya zokwana 35,000 mdziko muno. Panthawiyi, zithunzi za ovulala
ndi zovuta zaumphawi ku Afghanistan komanso tsopano Iraq (pamodzi ndi
Mbiri yaku Iraq yakuwonongeka chifukwa cha zilango zaku US) yakhala
kulibe pamaso pa anthu.
koma
Nanga bwanji za njira zothandizira anthu pakachitika masoka achilengedwe
osadzikonda kotheratu? Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu ndikutsatsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi
chifundo ndi kuthandizira ntchito zothandiza anthu. Mu 2001,
Colin Powell adalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Global Developmental
Alliance, yomwe tsopano ili ndi migwirizano 200 pakati pa AID (Agen-
cy for International Development), maziko ku U.S., ndi
opereka makampani. Malinga ndi CNN, Amazon.com, Bill Gates Foundation,
General Electric, Time Warner, Pfizer, Coca-Cola, Star-bucks, ndi
Exxon onse aviika m'matumba awo kuti athandizire tsunami
thandizo.
The
Chodabwitsa kwambiri kuposa zonse, ndikuti Starbucks ikupereka ndalama zomwe zapezeka
kuchokera ku khofi wobzalidwa m'minda ya ku Indonesia ndi Coca-Cola
akutumiza madzi a m'mabotolo ku South Asia. Coffee ndi dziko lapansi
yachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi —yopangidwa m’maiko 70. Starbucks,
makamaka, yakula pamlingo wodabwitsa wa 28 peresenti
m'zaka zapitazi za 5, mtengo wake wamsika ukufikira pafupifupi $15 biliyoni
mu 2004. Pakali pano, pali alimi a khofi pafupifupi 25 miliyoni
pansi pa umphawi. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa anti-corporate
Zionetsero mu 1990s, Starbucks adalumphira paudindo wamakampani
bandwagon ndi chithandizo cha khofi wamalonda ndi ulimi wa organic.
Izi zimangokwana masenti anayi kapena asanu pa chikho chilichonse
alimi, poyerekeza ndi chakumwa chimene amagulitsa awiri kapena asanu
madola. Kuchuluka kwa khofi "wotsimikizika wamalonda" kuti
Starbucks yogulidwa mu 2003 inali yochepera 1 peresenti yake
kugula nyemba.
ngati
mbewu zina zandalama, dongosolo ndi dongosolo la ntchito zitha kutsatiridwa
ku maunansi atsamunda—mwachitsanzo, kuzembetsa Arabica kwa Adatchi
khofi kuchokera ku Yemen kupita ku koloni ku Java, maziko a
Makampani opanga khofi ku Indonesia; udindo wa French, British,
Chipwitikizi, ndi makampani aku Japan ogulitsa ku Africa, Jamaica, Guyana,
Brazil, ndi Asia, ndi udindo wa makampani aku US ku Colombia, Central
America, ndi Southeast Asia. Pakali pano, atsamunda
mgwirizano wokhazikitsidwa ndi World Bank structural adjustment programme
pofuna kulimbikitsa dziko lonse msika wa khofi wakhala ndi zowononga
zimakhudza olima khofi, monga ku Nicaragua. The privatization
za minda ya khofi komanso kutsindika kwa mbewu zandalama zoyendetsedwa ndi kunja
chuma chinayambitsa mpikisano woopsa pakati pa mayiko a Third World
komanso kugwa kwa Association of Coffee Producing
Maiko, pomwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kukonza, ndi kutsatsa zidatsalira
mu Dziko Loyamba.
izi
Njira zamsika waulere, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa World Bank,
zinachititsa kuti ntchito zosachepera 600,000 ku Central America ndi
anasiya anthu oposa 700,000 m’derali pafupi ndi njala; pakadali pano
ngongole zakunja ndi ngongole zawonjezeka.
Koka Kola
wakhala patsogolo pa mikangano. The United Steelworkers
aku America, m'malo mwa Sinaltrainal, apereka mlandu ku
US ikuimba mlandu Coca-Cola ndikuchita nawo kupha, kuzunza,
ndikuwopseza okonza mabungwe a ogwira ntchito ku Coca-Cola bottling
zida ku Colombia. Ku India, madera ozungulira Coca-Cola
zomangira mabotolo zikukumana ndi kusowa kwa madzi kwambiri. Madzi apansi
ndi dothi lozungulira zomera zake zoponyera mabotolo laipitsidwa ndi Coca-Cola
Zogulitsa pamsika waku India zili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ochulukirapo,
kuphatikizapo DDT, nthawi zina kuposa nthawi 30 zimene U.S.
kapena miyezo ya EU. Mayeso opangidwa ndi BBC adapeza cadmium ndi lead
mu zinyalala, mogwira kupanga poizoni. Coca-Cola adayimitsa
mchitidwe wogawira zinyalala zake zapoizoni pokhapokha atalamulidwa kuchita
choncho ndi boma la boma.
mamiliyoni
Kutsatsa kwa madola sikungathe kupitilira kuchuluka kwa kukana kwa anthu
ku machitidwe a kampani ndi zipambano zomwe sizinachitikepo
zomwe zapambana. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, Khothi Lalikulu la Kerala linaletsa
chomera cha Coca-Cola ku Plachimada, India pojambula mobisa
madzi. Lamuloli linaperekedwa chifukwa kampaniyo inkagwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri
kuti dera lomwe lili mkati mwa utali wa makilomita atatu lakhala pansi
chilala choopsa. Zoipitsa zomwe kampaniyo idagwiritsa ntchito zidapangitsa kuti izi zitheke
kununkha kuti madziwo sangaphike kapena kusamba. Tsopano,
Plachimada, chomera chachikulu kwambiri cha Coca-Cola ku India, chakhalapo
inatsekedwa kuyambira March 2004.
In
boma la Rajasthan, lomwe lili kale ndi chilala, midzi yopitilira 50
akukumana ndi kusowa kwa madzi chifukwa cha Coca-Cola's
kukumba madzi mosasankha. "Makomiti Opambana"
akhazikitsidwa m'midzi yosachepera 32 kuti athane ndi a Coca-Cola
nkhanza. Central Ground Water Board, bungwe la boma, latsimikizira
kuchepa kwa madzi chifukwa cha kusasankha kwa Coca-Cola
migodi komanso kulakwitsa Coca-Cola pakupanga "chilengedwe
kusalinganika.”
kwambiri
posachedwapa, pa November 25, 2004 ku Varanasi, pa 1,000 alimi ndi
anthu ammudzi adaguba kupita kufakitale, kufuna kuti atseke
pansi. (Chomera cha Varanasi Coca-Cola chimakoka malita opitilira 250,000
madzi apansi panthaka patsiku. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madziwo achepa
kuchokera 25 mpaka 40 mapazi pansi pa nthaka ndi zoipitsa wapereka
maekala ambiri a minda yaulimi yopanda chonde.) Chionetserocho chinali
kumapeto kwa ulendo wa masiku 10, makilomita 250 kuchokera ku Ballia, malo a wina
Malo opangira botolo la Coca-Cola. “Kumwa Coke kuli ngati kumwa
magazi a mlimi ku India, "adatero Nandlal Master of Lok Samiti
ndi National Alliance of People's Movements, wotsogolera wamkulu
za kuguba ndi msonkhano. Apolisi okhala ndi zida adakumana ndi anthu oguba pamabotolo
ndipo oposa 350 anamangidwa.
It
ndi nthabwala zowawa zomwe, monga atolankhani amafotokoza za kuopsa kwa miliri
kolera ndi matenda ena chifukwa cha madzi akumwa osatetezeka, limodzi
olakwa kwambiri ndikupereka madzi a m'mabotolo kwa anthu omwe
amene anamenyana jino ndi misomali kuti abweretse wolakwa uyu ndi ndani
asunga ulemu ndi ulemu wawo pokana kale
zopereka zachifundo za kampani ya mabulangete, ziwiya, mankhwala,
ndi ndalama.
nthawiyi,
mabungwe opereka chithandizo padziko lonse lapansi ndi othandiza omwe ali nawo
mwachangu kulepheretsa chitukuko cha udzu ndi kudzilamulira mwadzidzidzi
atsogoleredwe patsogolo monga apulumutsi a Dziko Lachitatu.
Tiyeni
ife kukhala omveka, palibe kukayika kuti ntchito yothandiza anthu kuti
kupulumutsa miyoyo ndi kupereka mwayi wokwanira wa chakudya ndi pogona ndi mwamtheradi
zofunika. Koma nkhani zazikulu siziyenera kutayika. Mayiko
thandizo ndi ntchito za NGO zidzachepetsa kwambiri mkwiyo wa omwe akukhudzidwa
ndi tsunami-mkwiyo womwenso anthu a Dziko Lachitatu
sali ofunikira mokwanira; njira zopewera (monga
monga kuzindikira msanga) zikanatha kutengedwa. Mphamvu ndi mkwiyo wa
anthu alowetsedwanso ku nkhanza.
Chifundo
zakhala zoyenera pamakhalidwe ndi ndale, monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira.
Chomwe sichingakhululukidwe ndi pamene zithunzi za kuzunzikazo ziri mwachindunji
zotsatira za ndondomeko zomwe maboma ndi mabungwe athu amakhazikitsa
zomwe ife tiri olakwa, ife tikuwoneka kuti tikuwonetsa opanda chifundo
syndrome. Chifundo chapadziko lonse lapansi osati pa moyo wa munthu, komanso kwa anthu
Ulemu sungapezeke pamene matupi a bulauni akusefukira ndi akapolo
m'minda, kuyesera kukhala ndi madola awiri patsiku, ngati zikwi
alimi akupitirizabe kudzipha pamene moyo wawo ukubedwa,
ndipo akazi ndi ana akuyenda kudutsa dziko louma kuti akamenyane
ndodo ndi apolisi okhala ndi zida akulondera zipata za free market heaven.
Harsha Walia
ndi wolemba komanso wokonzekera ndi No One is Illegal Campaign ndi
South Asia Network for Secularism and Democracy. Zolemba zake
yapezeka m'mabuku angapo akuluakulu komanso opita patsogolo.