Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuwona omasuka akutengeka ndi chiwopsezo chokhudzana ndi zomwe akuganiza kuti zikuwopsa zankhondo yaku Russia komanso kukopa kapena kulanda utsogoleri wa Trump. Ndizowopsa kwambiri pazaumoyo wa anthu chifukwa zimathandizira kuphatikizira mphamvu zamagulu ankhondo-mafakitale, ogwirizana nawo pachipani chankhondo, komanso magulu andale akuzama adziko omwe a liberal amati amatsutsa. Mphamvu za ndalezi zimatha kukonza chipani chomwe chimasanduka chowonadi chosatsutsika m'ma media ambiri (MSM). Chifukwa chake, ndi Soviet Union idalengeza kuti ndi "ufumu woyipa" ukhoza kuzindikirika bwino pamilandu yomwe sanachite (mwachitsanzo, kukonza zoyeserera kupha Papa John Paul II mu 1981), ndipo Saddam Hussein atha kupezeka kuti akugwirizana ndi Al Qaeda ndi pokhala ndi zida zambiri zowononga anthu ambiri mu 2003, zabodza kuti MSM inalibe vuto kumeza.
Boris Yeltsin, mogwirizana ndi upangiri waku US ndi kukakamizidwa kuyambira 1991-2000, adawononga kwambiri moyo wa anthu ake (GDP yaku Russia idagwa 50 peresenti, pakati pa 1991-1998), koma, pomwe adapanganso dongosolo lazachuma komanso lazandale. adayamikiridwa ngati demokalase wamkulu mu MSM. Kupambana kwa chisankho cha Yeltsin mu 1996, mothandizidwa kwambiri ndi alangizi aku US, upangiri ndi ndalama, komanso zachinyengo kwambiri, zinali "Kupambana kwa Demokalase ya Russia" (NYT, ed, July 4, 1996). Wolowa m'malo mwake, Vladimir Putin, kusiya pang'onopang'ono kugonjera kwa nthawi ya Yeltsin, kudakhala chiwopsezo chokulirakulira. Kusankhidwa kwakenso mu 2012, ngakhale kuti kunalibe katangale pang'ono kuposa Yeltsin mu 1996, adachitidwa nkhanza m'ma TV. Palibe "chipambano cha demokalase yaku Russia" pano, ndipo nkhani yotsogola ya NYT pa Meyi 5, 2012 idawonetsa "kumenya mbama" kuchokera kwa owonera OSCE, zonena kuti palibe mpikisano weniweni, komanso "zikwizikwi za otsutsa boma adasonkhana ku Moscow square kuti ayimbire ' Russia popanda Putin '" (Ellen Barry ndi Michael Schwartz, "Pambuyo pa Chisankho, Putin Akukumana ndi Zovuta Kuti Zikhale Zovomerezeka"). Panalibe "zovuta zovomerezeka" zomwe zinanenedwa mu MSM mu chigonjetso chachinyengo cha Yeltsin mu 1996, ngakhale kuti zinali zachinyengo kwambiri kuti Yeltsin mwina adataya chisankho koma chifukwa chachinyengo (pa February 20, 2012, Purezidenti waku Russia Dmitri Medvedev adadabwa kwambiri. gulu laling'ono la alendo povomereza kuti Yeltsin akhozadi kutaya chisankho cha 1996 kwa Communist Gennadi Zyuganov).
Njira yokhazikika ya ziwanda za Putin idakula ndivuto la Ukraine la 2014 komanso kutsatizana kwake kwa nkhondo ya Kiev yolimbana ndi East Ukraine, kuthandizira kwa Russia pakutsutsa kwakum'mawa kwa Ukraine, komanso referendum yaku Crimea ndikuyamwa kwa Crimea ndi Russia. Izi zonse zidanenedwa kuti ndi "zankhanza" ndi US ndi ogwirizana nawo ndi makasitomala, zilango zidaperekedwa ku Russia ndipo kumangidwa kwa US-NATO kumalire aku Russia kudakula. Kusamvana kunakula kwambiri ndi kuwombera kwa Malaysian Airlines MH-17, mogwira mtima koma motsimikizika monyenga, akudzudzula opanduka a "pro-Russian" ndi Russia palokha (onani Robert Parry, "Zovuta Zosokoneza mu Lipoti Latsopano la MH-17," Consortiumnews. com, Seputembara 28, 2016). Chifukwa chinanso cha ziwanda komanso chidani chotsutsana ndi Russia chinabwera chifukwa cha kulowererapo kwa Russia ku Syria pothandizira Bashar al-Saddad ndi ISIS. US ndi NATO ndi ogwirizana nawo aku Middle East akhala akuchita zachiwawa motsutsana ndi Syria komanso mogwirizana ndi ISIS ndi Al-Nusrah, mphukira ya Al Qaeda. Kulowererapo kwa Russia kunatembenuza mafunde, cholinga cha US (ndi zina) chochotsa Saddad chidakwiyitsidwa ndipo wothandizana naye waku US, ISIS, nayenso adafooka kwambiri. Ndithudi khalidwe la ziwanda. Gawo lotsatira komanso lomwe likupitirirabe la chipwirikiti chodana ndi Russia chinatengera zomwe dziko la Russia likunena kuti lidalowa nawo kampeni yaupulezidenti wa 2016 komanso pakukula kwa ntchito ya CIA ndi mabungwe ena achitetezo aku U.S. pokwaniritsa chipwirikiti, mogwirizana kwambiri ndi MSM. Pamtsutso wachitatu wapurezidenti, pa Okutobala 19, 2016, Clinton adalengeza kuti Trump adzakhala "chidole" cha Putin ngati purezidenti, ndipo kampeni yake idatsindika kwambiri izi. Kugogomezera kumeneku kunakula pambuyo pa chisankho, mothandizidwa ndi atolankhani ndi ntchito za intelligence pamene msasa wa Clinton unkafuna kufotokozera kutayika kwa chisankho ndipo mwinamwake kupeza zotsatira za chisankho kuthetsedwa m'makhoti kapena koleji ya chisankho poyimba mlandu ku Russia.
Kulumikizana kwa a Putin kudalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi Januware 6, 2017 kutulutsidwa kwa lipoti la Ofesi ya Director of National Intelligence, pa Background of Assessing Russian Activities and Intection in U.S. -yothandizidwa ndi RT-TV network yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ndi gwero lazabodza losavomerezeka monga momwe amafotokozera komanso kutsutsa mfundo ndi mabungwe aku US. RT akuti ndi gawo la "kampeni yachikoka" yaku Russia, yomwe imakhala ndi lipoti pamitu yomwe atsogoleri aku Russia amawona kuti ndizosangalatsa ku Russia. "Timawunika kampeni yomwe ikufuna kuthandiza Purezidenti wosankhidwa kukhala Trump kuti apambane ngati kuli kotheka ponyoza Mlembi Clinton ndikumusiyanitsa moyipa ndi Purezidenti wosankhidwa." Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti panali "kampeni" yomwe inakonzedwa m'malo mofotokozera maganizo ake ndi zigamulo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhani. Malingaliro onse ndi maumboni a "kampeni yachikoka" yaku Russia atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu yofananira kuzisankho zapa media zaku US pachisankho chilichonse cha Russia.
Pankhani ya kuyesetsa kwawo kutsimikizira kuti a Russia adalowererapo mwachindunji pazisankho za US, olembawo amabisala ponena kuti lipotilo silipereka "umboni wonse wochirikiza," koma silimapereka umboni wochirikiza - kungonena, kuwunika, malingaliro ndi malingaliro. kulingalira. Ikunena mosabisa kuti "Tikuwona kuti ... Putin adalamula kuti pakhale kampeni mu 2015" yokonzedwa kuti igonjetse Clinton, komanso "kufooketsa chikhulupiriro cha anthu mu demokalase yaku US," koma sizipereka umboni uliwonse pa dongosololi. Komanso palibe umboni kuti Russia anadula DNC, Clinton ndi Podesta maimelo, kapena kuti anapereka anadula zambiri WikiLeaks. Julian Assange ndi Craig Murray adanena mobwerezabwereza kuti magwerowa adatsitsidwa ndi anthu am'deralo, osabedwa ndi aliyense. Ndipo akatswiri azamalamulo akale a William Binney ndi a Ray McGovern amatsutsanso kuti umboni wa WikiLeaks udatsitsidwa, osati kubedwa ("The Dubious Case on Russian 'Hacking'," Consortiumnews.com, Januware 6, 2017). Ndizosangalatsa kuti pakati pa mabungwe azamalamulo omwe adasaina chikalata cha DNI, yemwe anali ndi kukayikira kwakukulu - "kudalira pang'ono" - anali NSA, yomwe ndi bungwe lomwe lingakhale ndi umboni wa Chirasha. kubera ndi kutumiza ku Wiki-Leaks komanso "malamulo" aliwonse ochokera kwa Putin.
Chisankho chitangotha, Clinton adadzudzula mutu wa FBI James Comey ndikutsegulanso ndikutseka mwachangu mlanduwo pakugwiritsa ntchito mosaloledwa kwa seva yachinsinsi yachinsinsi, monga chomwe chidamupangitsa kuti asankhidwe ("Clinton Amadzudzula Mtsogoleri wa FBI Chifukwa Chogonja Kwake, โ NYT, Novembala 13, 2016). Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale iye ndi omwe adachita nawo kampeni sanawone kuti aku Russia akubera komanso mavumbulutsidwe a WikiLeaks ndi ofunika kwambiri. Koma kulumikizana kwa Russia-Putin kunapitilirabe mpaka kukulirakulira.
A MSM sanaganizirepo zandale za mabungwe azidziwitso pamilandu iyi. Mlandu wokhazikika komanso wofunikira kwambiri wokhudza Russia wakhala ukuwononga Trump komanso chiyembekezo chilichonse chamtendere chomwe utsogoleri wake ukadabweretsa. Koma gawo la FBI-Clinton linali lovulaza Clinton ndipo linapindulitsa mwayi wa chisankho wa Trump. Malingaliro amodzi ndi akuti utsogoleri wa FBI umakonda Trump pomwe CIA idakonda Clinton. Chiphunzitso china n'chakuti mabungwe anzeru sankakhulupirira aliyense, choncho anavulala kwambiri Clinton ndipo adatembenukira mfuti zawo pa Lipenga, ndi FBI kusaina pa olowa mabungwe "Assessment" atamaliza ndi Clinton. (Robert Parry, "A Spy Coup in America?" Consortiumnews.com, December 18, 2016.)
Koma chidani cha CIA kwa Trump chakhala chowoneka bwino, ndipo kulowerera kwawo mopanda manyazi pazisankho kudasokoneza ndale zachinsinsi. Mtsogoleri wakale wa CIA Michael Morell anali ndi August 5, 2016 op-ed mu New York Times yotchedwa "I Ran the C.I.A. Tsopano Ndikuvomereza Hillary Clinton"; ndi mkulu wakale wa CIA a Michael Hayden anali ndi op-ed ku Washington Post, kutangotsala masiku ochepa kuti chisankho chichitike, chotchedwa "Mtsogoleri wakale wa CIA: Trump ndi Wopusa Wogwiritsa Ntchito ku Russia" (November 3, 2016). Zowukirazi zinali zachipongwe kwa Trump komanso zoyamika Clinton, ngakhale chochititsa chidwi sichikunenedwa za zabwino kapena zoyipa za omwe akufuna kutsata ndondomeko zapakhomo. Zikuwonekeratu kuti njira yonyansa kwambiri ya Clinton ku Syria ndi Russia ndiyomwe imakonda kwambiri kutengera kwa Trump pazokambirana ndi mgwirizano ndi Russia.
Chifukwa chake cholinga ndi kufunikira kwa Kuunikaku ndizomveka. Zochepa komanso zoseketsa ngakhale umboni wake woti a Putin adalamula kampeni yofalitsa nkhani zabodza komanso ma e-mail aku Russia omwe amafalitsidwa kudzera pa WikiLeaks atha kukhala, kutulutsidwa ndikukankhira kutchuka kwazinthu izi kumbuyo kwa olamulira omwe akubwera kunali kuchitapo kanthu kwakukulu kwa ndale ndi mabungwe makamaka. pansi pa utsogoleri wa ndale. Zachidziwikire kuti zikutsatiranso njira zofananira ndi olamulira a Obama omwe adachoka, m'modzi mwa omwe adachitapo kanthu komaliza ndikuthamangitsa ogwira ntchito ku ofesi ya kazembe waku Russia 35 pobwezera zomwe akuganiza kuti aku Russia akubera (zomwe Obama sanakhulupirire ngakhale - mumsonkhano wake womaliza wa atolankhani adanenanso za "kutulutsa" osati "kuwononga"). Koma mfundo ya ndale ya Assessment ikuwoneka kuti inali, osachepera, kumangirira manja a Trump pochita zinthu ndi Russia.
Izi zidali chonchonso pakuipidwa kwina komwe Michael Flynn adayimbira kazembe waku Russia, mwina kuphatikiza kusinthana pazandale zamtsogolo. Izi zidadziwika mwachangu ndi akuluakulu a Obama omwe adatuluka komanso ogwira ntchito zachitetezo, pomwe a FBI adafunsa Flynn komanso mawu ambiri owopsa ndi zomwe Flynn adachita, zomwe akuti mwina zidamupangitsa kuti amuchitire chipongwe. Koma misonkhano isanakwane yotsegulira ndi akazembe aku Russia yakhala "chizolowezi" malinga ndi a Jack Matlock, kazembe waku US ku Russia pansi pa Reagan ndi Bush, ndipo Matlock adakonzera yekha msonkhano wotero wa Carter. Mlangizi wa Obama ku Russia, Michael McFaul, adavomereza kuti adapita ku Moscow kukakambirana ndi akuluakulu mu 2008 ngakhale chisankho chisanachitike. Daniel Lazare akupanga mlandu wabwino kuti kusaloledwa ndi kuwopseza kwachinyengo sikungatheke, kuti kufunsa kwa FBI kwa Flynn kumangokhalira kutsekeredwa, ndipo akufunsa kuti cholakwika ndi chiyani poyesa kuchepetsa mikangano ndi Russia? "Komabe omenyera ufulu wa Trump akuyesera kutsimikizira anthu kuti zonse 'zayipa kuposa Watergate'." ("Democrats, Liberals, Catch McCarthyistic Fever," Consortiumnews.com, February 17, 2017.)
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zochepa za kampeni ya Trump chinali kukana kuchita ziwanda Putin komanso kuwonetsa kuti akufuna kusintha ubale ndi Russia. Chifukwa cha kukula ndi mphamvu za gulu lankhondo ndi mafakitale, ndi mabungwe achitetezo, panali zokonda zamphamvu zomwe zidapitilira ubale waudani ndi Russia, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu Assessment ndi bungwe lina lachitetezo mowonekera komanso mobisa, komanso mgwirizano wa media (monga m'mabuku awo a makalata a chisankho a CIA).
Kufanana ndi kupsinjika kwa Assessment pa "kampeni yachikoka" yaku Russia, MSM idatanganidwa kwambiri ndi "nkhani zabodza," zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamangiriridwa ku Russia. Chowonadi chovuta kwambiri m'nkhaniyi ndi chakuti mauthenga a Clinton, DNC, ndi Podesta maimelo omwe akuti adabedwa ndi Russia adalongosola zowona zachinyengo m'malo mwa kampeni ya Clinton zomwe zingakhudze zotsatira za chisankho. Kuyang'ana kwambiri kulowerera ku Russia komwe kulibeko kunathandizira kusokoneza chidwi pazisankho zenizeni. Nkhani zabodza komanso zabodza za MSM zidathandizira kubisa nkhani zenizeni.
Nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri pawailesi yakanemayi, yomwe inali ndipo ikadali kampeni yeniyeni yotsutsana ndi Russia, inali buku la Washington Post lolemba Craig Timberg, "Kuyeserera zabodza zaku Russia kunathandizira kufalitsa 'nkhani zabodza' pazisankho, akatswiri akutero" (November 24, 2016). Nkhaniyi ili ndi lipoti la wolemba kapena olemba osadziwika, PropOrNot, "gulu lomwe limaumirira kuti anthu asadziwike" malinga ndi olemba a WP. Gululi likuti lapeza mawebusayiti 200 omwe mosadziwa kapena mosadziwa, anali "okonda kugulitsa mabodza aku Russia." Pamene ankaipitsa mawebusayitiwa, โakatswiriโwo anakana kudzizindikiritsa okha chifukwa choopa โkuthamangitsidwa ndi akuba aluso.โ
Monga Matt Taibbi akunenera, "Mukufuna kuyika anthu mazana ambiri, koma simuyika dzina lanu pazolinga zanu? Yendani ulendo. " ("Nkhani ya 'Washington Post's 'Blacklist' Ndi Yamanyazi ndi Yonyansa," RollingStone.com, November 28, 2016.) Koma WP inalandira ndikuwonetsa ntchito yonyansa iyi, yomwe ingakhale yopangidwa ndi Pentagon kapena CIA nkhondo yachidziwitso (ndi. ali ndi ndalama zambiri komanso amalowerera kwambiri mubizinesi yabodza).
NYT yathamanga khosi ndi khosi ndi WP poyambitsa mantha a nkhondo yachidziwitso cha Russia komanso kukhudzidwa kosayenera ndi Trump. Amasokoneza mosavuta nkhani zabodza ndi kutsutsa kulikonse kwa mabungwe okhazikitsidwa, monga Mark Scott ndi Melissa Eddy, "Europe Ikulimbana ndi Mdani Watsopano wa Kukhazikika Kwandale: Nkhani Zabodza," February 20, 2017; kusanthula, mu Robert Parry, "NYT's Fake News about Fake News," Consortium news.com, February 22, 2017. Koma chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi kufanana komwe olemba mapepala amavomereza kuwunika kwa CIA pa kufalitsa kwa Russia ku Russia. WikiLeaks, kuopsa kwa mlandu wa Flynn, kuthekera kapena mwayi woti Trump ndi chidole cha Putin, komanso kufunikira kwachangu kufufuzidwa kwa congressional komanso "osagwirizana" pazonena izi. Kumeza uku kwa mzere watsopano wa chipani kwafalikira kwambiri muzofalitsa zaufulu (mwachitsanzo, Robert Reich, Ryan Lizza, Joan Walsh, Rachel Maddow, tsamba la AlterNet, etc.).
Pa Disembala 23, 2016 Purezidenti Obama adasaina Portman-Murphy "Counting Disinformation and Propaganda Act," yomwe ingalole kuti dziko lino lithane bwino ndi zabodza komanso zabodza zakunja (Russia, China). Idzalimbikitsa zoyesayesa zaboma zolimbana ndi zofalitsa zaboma komanso kupereka ndalama ku mabungwe omwe si aboma zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi mabodza.
Ndiko kutsatizana kwa zomwe akunena zaku Russia zakuba ndi zabodza, ndipo zitha kunenedwa kuti ndizotsatira pamndandanda wa 200 wodziwa kapena "zida zothandiza" zaku Moscow zomwe zidalembedwa mu Washington Post. Mwina PropOrNot idzayenerera kulandira chithandizo ndikuwonjezera mndandanda wa 200. Omasuka akhala chete pa chiwopsezo chatsopanochi cha ufulu wolankhula, chomwe chinasaina kukhala lamulo Lachisanu, mwinamwake kupumitsidwa ndi mantha awo a nkhani zabodza zochokera ku Russia. ndi propaganda. Koma atha kudzuka, ngakhale mochedwa, Trump kapena m'modzi mwa omwe adalowa m'malo mwake adziyika kuti agwiritse ntchito malingaliro awo ankhani zabodza komanso zabodza.
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