Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kuchokera ku migodi ya golide yakale komanso yomwe ikupitilira ku El Salvador, Guatemala ndi Honduras kwadzetsa gulu lalikulu la anthu aku Salvador lomwe lakhala likuphunzitsa ndi kukonza madera kuti aletse migodi yachitsulo ku El Salvador. Poyankha, makampani monga Canada Pacific Rim ndi Milwaukee, Wisconsin-based Commerce Group apereka milandu ya madola mamiliyoni ambiri motsutsana ndi boma la Salvador kuyesera kukakamiza dzikoli kuti lipereke-ndipo kuti atuluke polipira kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komwe adayambitsa kale.
Mlandu wa Commerce Group unalimbikitsa kupangidwa kwa Midwest Coalition Against Lethal Mining (MCALM), gulu la Wisconsin lomwe likugwira ntchito yophunzitsa anthu m'chigawo chonse ndi Midwest za zotsatira zowononga za migodi ya mayiko ku El Salvador. Kutengera zaka zambiri za mgwirizano womwe udachokera kunkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Salvador m'zaka za m'ma 1980, MCALM idapangidwa ndi asilikali akale a US-El Salvador Sister City Network, makamaka Project ya Madison-Arcatao Sister City.
Monga El Salvador, Wisconsin adaopsezedwa ndi mgodi waukulu wachitsulo wotseguka pafupi ndi Lake Superior komanso madambo akulu kwambiri otsala ampunga ku Bad River Ojibwe Reservation (onani โResisting Resource Colonialism in the Lake Superior Regionโ Z Magazine, September 2011). Gulu la Bad River Ojibwe latsogola otsutsa ndikupanga mgwirizano wamitundu 11 ya Wisconsin, madera akumaloko komanso gulu loteteza zachilengedwe komanso zachilengedwe. Pa February 28, patatha zaka zinayi akunyalanyaza zotsutsa zochokera ku gulu lazachilengedwe la ku India zokhuza kusatheka kwa migodi kudera la madambo ambiri, Gogebic Taconite adavomereza kuti ntchitoyi sinatheke ndipo adayimitsa pulani ya mgodi.
Gawo lalikulu la kukana bwino kwa Bad River Ojibwe limachokera ku luso lawo lophunzira kuchokera ku zochitika zina zotsutsana ndi migodi monga kutsutsa kopambana kwa mgodi wa Crandon ku Wisconsin (onani "The Crandon Mine Saga" Z Magazine, February 2004) ndi gulu lodana ndi migodi ku El Salvador (onani "Salvador Resist Gold Mining" Z Magazine, October 2006 ndi "Kutsutsa CAFTA ndi Migodi ya Zitsulo ku El Salvador, Z Magazine, May 2010). Mothandizidwa ndi MCALM, a Bad River Ojibwe anabweretsa Kenia Ortez, loya wochokera kudera lalingโono la alimi la San Sebastian, El Salvador kuti alankhule ndi anthu a fuko lake za kuonongeka kwa chilengedwe kuchokera ku mgodi wa golide wa Commerce Group mโdera lake. "Tikufuna kukuuzani kuti sitikufuna kuti dera lina lililonse, kapena anthu ena, avutike chifukwa cha migodi."
San Sebastian Gold Mine Pollution
Gulu la Commerce linagwiritsa ntchito mgodi wa golide wa San Sebastian kuyambira 1972-1978. Mgodi udatsekedwa panthawi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Salvador (1980-1992). Kampaniyo idayambiranso migodi kuyambira 1995-1999. Anthu am'deralo amadzudzula Gulu la Zamalonda chifukwa choipitsa Mtsinje wa San Sebastian ndi tebulo lamadzi lozungulira ndi arsenic ndi zitsulo zolemera komanso kutembenuza mtsinjewo kukhala mtundu wa madzi a kiranberi.
Mu 2012, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ku Salvador udapeza kuti mtsinje wa San Sebastian unali ndi malire ovomerezeka a cyanide kuwirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi kuposa muyezo wachitsulo m'madzi omwe anthu amamwa. Kuipitsidwa kwa mtsinjewu kwakakamiza anthu okhala mโdera losaukali kulipira ndalama zogulira madzi akumwa. Ngakhale kuti mabanja ambiri samwa madzi a mumtsinjewo, pali mabanja ena amene ali paumphawi wadzaoneni moti sangachitenso mwina koma kugwiritsa ntchito mtsinjewo. Magwero ena amadzi a mโzitsime alinso oipitsidwa. Zotsatira zake, anthu ammudzi amavutika ndi matenda a impso ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi poizoni wa arsenic ndi zitsulo. Kuwonongeka kwa madzi kumabwera chifukwa cha madzi a m'migodi ya asidi-mankhwala omwe amapangidwa pamene ma sulfide mu thanthwe la zinyalala amawululidwa ndi mpweya ndi madzi kuti apange sulfuric acid ndi kutulutsa zitsulo zolemera monga arsenic, lead ndi mercury pamwamba ndi pansi. Ngalande ya mgodi wa asidi mumtsinje wa San Sebastian imachokera pamtsinje womwe uli pamwamba pa mudzi wa San Sebastian, moyandikana ndi mgodi wa golide wosiyidwa pomwe kampaniyo idataya zinyalala za mgodi.
Commerce Group Imayimba mlandu "Phindu Lotayika"
Mu 2006, El Salvador inachotsa zilolezo za migodi za Commerce Group chifukwa cholephera kutsatira malamulo a migodi ya dzikolo pamgodi wa golide wa San Sebastian. Pobwezera, Gulu la Zamalonda linapereka mlandu wotsutsa boma la El Salvador pansi pa "chitetezo" cha "chitetezo" chomwe chili mu Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), kufuna $ 100 miliyoni kuti apereke chipukuta misozi kuchokera ku boma la Salvador, kuphatikizapo "phindu lotayika." โ Kampaniyo idapemphanso ufulu wotsegulanso mgodiwo motsutsana ndi zomwe boma likufuna.
Komabe, malinga ndi zikalata zomwe zinaperekedwa ku US Securities and Exchange Commission, kampaniyo inali itasiya kale ntchito za El Salvador, mu December 1999, ponena za mavuto azachuma, kuphatikizapo bankirapuse, chifukwa chachikulu pa chisankho choyimitsa ntchito. MCALM yati mlanduwu ndi wonyoza kampani yomwe sinapambane kugwiritsa ntchito mapangano a malonda apadziko lonse lapansi kuti ipange ndalama zomwe sanathe kupanga mwa njira zovomerezeka.
Mu March 2011, bungwe la World Bankโs International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) linathetsa mlandu wa Commerce Group chifukwa kampaniyo inasumira nthawi imodzi mโmakhoti a ku El Salvador. Commerce Group idachita apilo chigamulochi koma mu Ogasiti 2013, kampaniyo idalephera kulipira ndalama zomwe zidafunikira kuti ipitilize kuchita apilo motero mlanduwo udatha.
Bad River Ojibwe Alowa nawo Gulu Lapadziko Lonse
โLero tikuima pafupi ndi anthu aku El Salvador ndikuwadziwitsa kuti mawu athu awonjezeredwa kwa iwo. Ndi chikhulupiriro chathu kuti opanga zisankho aboma, malamulo, ndi mfundo za anthu ayenera kulemekeza kuti ufulu woyeretsa mpweya, nthaka ndi madzi kwa anthu ndi wofunika kwambiri kuposa phindu kwa anthu amphamvu. " Mu Seputembala 2014, Aurora Conley, membala wa Bad River yemwe amagwira ntchito mu dipatimenti yazamalamulo ya fuko komanso Wachiwiri kwa Wapampando wa fuko la Environmental Protection Alliance adalumikizana ndi nthumwi zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti ziphunzire za kuwonongeka kwa migodi ku El Salvador, kukumana ndi atsogoleri odana ndi migodi ndikuwona. ndondomeko ya mbiri yakale yokambirana ndi anthu kuti apange malamulo a matauni oletsa migodi. Conley anali woyenerera bwino ntchito imeneyi. Anali wothandizira wamkulu wa White Earth, Minnesota Ojibwe activist Winona La Duke kwa zaka zitatu ndipo ankadziwa bwino zotsatira zowononga za migodi m'mayiko Achimereka Achimereka.
Ngakhale zinali choncho, anadabwa kwambiri kuona kusauka kwa anthu amene anawachezera ku Santa Rosa de Lima, malo a mgodi wa golide wa San Sebastian. โMadzi a mumtsinje wa San Sebastian ndi wonyezimira wonyezimira wotuluka mu ngalande ya mgodi wa asidi koma ndinawonabe ana akusambira mumtsinjewo ndi mkazi akutunga madzi mumtsinjewo. Madziwa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutsuka zovala komanso kuthirira mbewu. Mโnyumba mwawo mulibe madzi. Ndinakhumudwa kwambiri kuona zomwe akukumana nazo kale komanso kuti kampani ibwere ndikuwononga zochepa zomwe zatsala popanda kuyeretsa kapena kuganizira za moyo wa munthu. Madzi ndi moyo ndipo kuipitsidwa kwawo ndi malo oopsa zinali zowononga kuzindikira. Ndipo ndinaganiza kuti kuipitsidwa koteroko kungachitikire fuko langa ngati sitingayesetse kuchiletsa.โ
Ntchito ya El Dorado ya Pacific Rim ku Cabanas
Malo achiwiri kwa nthumwi zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi gulu la San Isidro komwe mikangano yokhudzana ndi mgodi wawukulu wa golide woperekedwa ndi Pacific Rim Mining Corporation (Pac Rim), kampani yochokera ku Canada yochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana, yadzetsa mkangano m'dziko lonselo pazavuto la migodi. ku El Salvador. San Isidro ndi tawuni yomwe ili pafupi ndi mgodi wa golide wa El Dorado ku dipatimenti ya kumpoto chapakati ku Cabanas. Mgodi wa pansi pa nthaka womwe ukuyembekezeredwa udzagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochuluka ndi matani a cyanide kuchotsa golide ku orebody. Ambiri mwa anthu a ku Cabanas ndi alimi omwe amadalira madzi aukhondo komanso madzi apansi panthaka kuti amwe, kusamba ndi kusamalira mbewu ndi ziweto zawo. El Salvador yakumana kale ndi vuto lalikulu la madzi. Lipoti la Banki Yadziko Lonse la 2006 linati 90 peresenti ya madzi a pamwamba pa madzi a El Salvador ndi oipa, ndipo 98 peresenti ya madzi oipa a m'tauniyo komanso 90 peresenti ya madzi otayira m'mafakitale amatayidwa m'mitsinje ndi m'mitsinje ya El Salvador popanda mankhwala (El Salvador, Recent Economic Developments in Infrastructure). - Strategy Report No. 37689-SV).
Mgodi woperekedwawu uli mโmphepete mwa mtsinje waukulu kwambiri wa El Salvador, Rio Lempa, womwe umapereka madzi osaipitsidwa pafupifupi theka la anthu 6 miliyoni a El Salvador, kuphatikizapo anthu okhala likulu la dziko la San Salvador.
Kutsutsa kwawo kwa Pac Rim kudayamba patangopita nthawi yochepa kampaniyo itayamba kukumba zitsime zofufuzira pamalo achinsinsi popanda chilolezo. Pamene anthu pafupi ndi zitsime zofufuzira anayamba kuona madzi oipitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa madzi a mbewu ndi kumwa kwa anthu, chitsutso chinawonjezeka.
Ngati anthu akumaloko akukumana ndi zovuta zotere panthawi yofufuza, anali ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndi zomwe zingachitike ngati mgodi utaloledwa. Atsogoleri ammudzi adayendera ntchito za migodi ya golide ku Guatemala ndi Honduras ndipo adawona mavuto a kuipitsidwa kwa madzi, kusowa kwa zokambirana ndi anthu, kusowa ulemu kwa ufulu wa anthu amtunduwu komanso kubwerera kochepa kwachuma kwa anthu ammudzi.
Mu 2005, anthu ammudzi adapanga Komiti Yachilengedwe ya Cabanas, yomwe idalumikizana ndi mabungwe ena aboma ndikupanga National Roundtable against Mining ku El Salvador (La Mesa). Mu 2005, Pac Rim adapereka kafukufuku wake wa chilengedwe (EIA) ku boma la Pulezidenti Tony Saca wa kumanja kwa Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA). Koma Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ndi Zachilengedwe unakana kampaniyo chilolezo chifukwa idalephera kupereka EIA yokwanira komanso kukwaniritsa zofunika zina popereka chilolezo chamigodi.
Pakadali pano, La Mesa adakonza kampeni yadziko lonse yolimbana ndi polojekiti ya El Dorado ndikukankhira kuletsa migodi ya golide. Kampeniyi idapambana kwambiri pomwe Tchalitchi cha Katolika ku El Salvador chinapereka chilengezo mu 2007 chotsutsa migodi ya golidi ku El Salvador, ponena za kuwonongeka kwa madzi, zomera ndi zinyama komanso thanzi la anthu onse. Mu Marichi 2008, Purezidenti Saca adalengeza kuti adayika "kuyimitsa" kwa zilolezo zamigodi.
Pac Rim Yamanga Milandu ku El Salvador Chifukwa Cholephera Kulola Kukumba Migodi
Mu Epulo 2009, Pac Rim anasumira boma la Salvador pa $77 miliyoni pansi pa malamulo oteteza Investor a Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) chifukwa chosapereka zilolezo zogwiritsa ntchito migodi. Mlanduwu udakwezedwa kupitilira $300 miliyoni mu 2013 pomwe kampani yaku Australia Oceana Gold idapeza Pac Rim. El Salvador akutsutsa kuti kampaniyo sinalibe zilolezo za chilengedwe cha polojekitiyi, koma inalibe eni ake, kapena ili ndi ufulu ku malo ambiri omwe adafunsidwa ndi pempho lake. Koma mlanduwu suli mkangano chabe pakati pa Pac Rim ndi boma la El Salvador. Monga a Marcos Orellana wa Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) adanenera mu bwenzi lawo la khothi (amicus curiae) mwachidule, "Wodandaula [Pac Rim] akugwiritsa ntchito nkhaniyi kuti apindule pazomwe sizili mkangano pakati pake. ndi Republic [El Salvador], koma pakati pake ndi madera odziyimira pawokha omwe atsutsana ndi ntchito za Claimant, mwachitsanzo, La Mesa. Kuphatikiza apo, Pac Rim ndi kampani yaku Canada ndipo siyiyenera kuyika suti pansi pa CAFTA chifukwa Canada siinasaina ku CAFTA. Kuti athetse izi, Pac Rim adasumira kudzera ku kampani ya Reno, Nevada yomwe adapeza asanapereke sutiyo. Chinyengochi sichinagwire ntchito ndipo bungwe la International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), khoti lachinsinsi la World Bank arbitration, linathetsa mlanduwo.
Komabe, ICSID yalola kuti kampaniyo ipitilize kutsatira lamulo lazachuma la Salvador lachikale lomwe limapatsa makampani mwayi wopita kumilandu yapadziko lonse lapansi. El Salvador yasinthanso lamulo lake lazachuma chaka chatha, zomwe zimafuna kuti makampani omwe ali ndi madandaulo azidutsa makhothi am'deralo m'malo momakhothi adziko lonse lapansi. Lamuloli silikugwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndipo silimakhudzanso zomwe zikuchitika pano.
Omenyera ufulu wa El Salvador ochokera ku La Mesa adapita ku Washington, DC pa Marichi 19 kukachita ziwonetsero ku likulu la Banki Yadziko Lonse komwe ICSID ikulingalira za mlandu womwe boma lawo la Oceana Gold linapereka. Vidalina Morales adalankhula m'malo mwa La Mesa kuti: "Sitikulolera kuti boma la Salvador lipereke dola imodzi. Ndi kampani yamigodi yomwe iyenera kulipira El Salvador chifukwa chophwanya ufulu wa chilengedwe ndi ufulu wa anthu. Makhoti amenewa amangoteteza zofuna za mabungwe akuluakulu, osati anthu a ku El Salvador.โ Chigamulo chikuyembekezeka pofika June 2015.
Nkhani yothetsa mikangano ya investor-state (ISDS) imapitilira CAFTA ndi El Salvador. Mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi akuyitanitsa ISDS nthawi iliyonse akakumana ndi kukana ntchito zochotsa zinthu zomwe maboma amadzinenera kuti ali ndi ufulu woteteza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa lochokera ku Washington, DC-based Institute for Policy Studies, pamilandu 137 yamalonda yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ku ICSID, milandu 43 ikukhudzana ndi mafuta, migodi kapena gasi (Mining for Profits in International Tribunals: How Transnational Corporations Gwiritsani Ntchito Mapangano a Zamalonda ndi Zachuma Monga Zida Zamphamvu Pakukangana Pa Mafuta, Migodi ndi Gasi).
Pamene olamulira a Obama akuyesera kukulitsa maufulu amakampaniwa ndi ulamuliro "wachangu" pamapangano akuluakulu amalonda aulere omwe amadziwika kuti Trans-Pacific Partnership ndi Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, Woimira US Mark Pocan (D-WI) ndi 12 House. Ma Democrat adayambitsa HR 967: Kuteteza Ulamuliro wa America. Lamuloli liletsa zothetsa mikangano pakati pa oyika ndalama ndi boma pamapangano amalonda akunja. "Zopereka za ISDS zikhoza kufooketsa thanzi la US, chitetezo, ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe ngati akupitirizabe kukhala mbali ya mgwirizano wamalonda wamtsogolo, kuphatikizapo Trans-Pacific Partnership," anatero Rep. Pocan.
Kampeni Yachigawenga Ya Strategic Yolimbana ndi Otsutsa Migodi
Suti ya Pac Rim itaperekedwa, ziwawa zidakula kwa otsutsa migodi ku Cabanas. Mdani woyamba wa migodi yemwe amayenera kuyang'aniridwa anali a Marcelo Rivera, wotsutsa mosapita m'mbali polojekiti ya El Dorado komanso wotsogolera anthu. Marcelo anabedwa ndi kuphedwa mu June 2009. Pamene thupi lake linapezeka m'chitsime chosiyidwa limasonyeza zizindikiro za kuzunzidwa kofanana ndi kuphedwa kwa Death Squad m'zaka za nkhondo yapachiweniweni.
Patatha miyezi 16, anthu ena awiri odana ndi migodi anaphedwa. Ramiro Rivera (osagwirizana ndi Marcelo) adamenyedwa ndi zigawenga zosachepera zitatu ndi mfuti zankhondo za M-XNUMX akuyendetsa galimoto pafupi ndi nyumba yake. Panthaลตiyo Ramiro ankayenera kukhala pansi pa chitetezo cha apolisi chifukwa chakuti nthaลตi zambiri ankamuopseza kuti amupha. Posakhalitsa, Dora Alicia Recinos Sorto anaphedwa ndi mfuti yamphamvu kwambiri pamene akuchokera kuchapa zovala pa kasupe wapafupi. Anali ndi pakati pa miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Mwana wake wamwamuna wazaka ziwiri nayenso anavulazidwa pachiwembucho.
Dora ndi mwamuna wake, Jose Santos Rodriguez, anali mamembala achangu a Komiti Yachilengedwe ya Cabanas ndipo ankakhala pafupi ndi Ramiro Rivera pafupi ndi malo opangira mgodi wa Santa Rita ku Trinidad. Rodriguez adagwidwa ndi chikwanje mu 2008 ndipo adataya zala ziwiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito dzanja lake lamanja. Anaika mlandu wakupha mkazi wake pa Pac Rim. โTinkakhala mwamtendere ndi anansi athu; [Pacific Rim] adabwera kudzagawanitsa magulu, mabanja, mabwenzi, chifukwa adagulitsa ndalama zochepaโฆtinawauza kuti atisiye tokha. Koma adagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Chilichonse chomwe ndinali nacho, ndinataya chifukwa cha Pacific Rimโ (yotchulidwa ku Damien Kingsbury, โGold, Water and the Struggle for Basic Rights in El Salvador,โ September 2013, Oxfam Australia).
Pac Rim amatsutsa kupha anthu koma akukana kuti ali ndi mlandu wachiwawacho, ponena za mikangano ya mabanja komanso umbanda wamba. Pakadali pano, ziwopsezo ndi kuphana zikupitilirabe. Mu June 2011, Juan Francisco Duran Ayala, wodzipereka ndi Komiti ya Zachilengedwe ya Cabanas anaphedwa.
Paulendo wake ku Cabanas, Aurora Conley adakumana ndi ogwira ntchito ku Radio Victoria, wayilesi yapagulu yomwe ili ku Victoria, Cabanas. Adamva kuti Pac Rim adadzipereka kulipira siteshoniyi $8,000 pamwezi pakutsatsa komanso kulumikizana ndi anthu. Sitimayi inali itadana ndi migodi ya golide ndipo inakana ntchitoyo. Chimenechi chinali chiyambi cha ndawala yoopseza ogwira ntchito imene inaphatikizapo kuwopseza kuphedwa, kuukira nyumba, kumenyedwa ndi kuwononga tinyanga tawailesi takutali ndi zida. โNkovuta kugwira ntchito yako,โ anatero Conley, โpamene pali achifwamba amene aganyu akufuna kukupha chifukwa chopereka lipoti la nkhani ya migodi.โ
Pulofesa Richard Steiner atafufuza mu 2010 pa mgodi wa El Dorado wa bungwe la International Union for the Conservation of Nature, anati: โPolankhula ndi nzika za ku Cabanas, nโzoonekeratu kuti panopa pali njira ina yolimbana ndi chiwawa, kuopseza komanso kuopseza anthu. ziwopsezo zopita kwa atsogoleri ammudzi ndi ena omwe amatsutsa kutsegulidwa kwa mgodi wa El Doradoโฆ. Anthu okhala mโderali akuti akuluakulu a kampaniyo anauza antchito awo kuti atsogoleri a zachilengedwe mโderalo, makamaka a mโkomiti ya Environmental Committee ya Cabanas, ndi amene anachititsa kuti asamagwire ntchito.
Anthu okhala mโdzikoli akufunitsitsa kwambiri kuti ofesi ya Attorney General ifufuzidwe mozama za mgwirizano uliwonse pakati pa kampani ya migodi ndi ziwawazo, komanso thandizo lina lililonse la zachiwawazi.โ (El Salvador-Golide, Mfuti, ndi Kusankha: Mgodi wa golidi wa El Dorado, ziwawa ku Cabanas, zomwe CAFTA ikunena, ndi zoyesayesa za dziko zoletsa migodi.) Ngakhale kuti anthu angapo amangidwa chifukwa chotenga nawo mbali pamilanduyi, ofesi ya AG yalephera kuzindikira omwe adalemba ziwawazo. Kuyambira 2008 boma la Salvador lakhala likuletsa zilolezo zonse zamigodi. Purezidenti Salvador Sanchez Ceren, yemwe anali mkulu wa gulu lankhondo la zigawenga (FMLN), yemwe adasankhidwa kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, adalumbiranso kuti sadzalola migodi mdziko muno. Komabe, zoyesayesa zonse zoletsa kuletsa migodi kosatha zalephera mu nyumba yamalamulo, yoyendetsedwa ndi chipani chotsutsa cha ARENA.
Popanda chiletso cha dziko pa migodi ya zitsulo, La Mesa yakonza madera opanda kampeni ya migodi mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe ogwirizana padziko lonse lapansi monga International Allies against Metallic Mining ku El Salvador (www.stopesmining.org).
"Sitingakhale pansi ndikudikirira kuti tichite zomwe zachitika," atero a Marcos Galvez, Purezidenti wa CRIPDES, bungwe lachitukuko m'deralo, "tiyenera kubwerera ndikumanganso mgwirizano ndi madera omwe adabereka ndipo ndi maziko a otsutsa- ntchito zamigodi poyamba.โ Malo obadwirako gulu lodana ndi migodi lili ku Chalatenango, malo achitetezo a FMLN panthawi yankhondo yapachiweniweni. Makampani angapo a migodi ya golide ku Canada asiya kale kufufuza m'maderawa.
Mu Seputembala 2014, Aurora Conley anali m'modzi mwa oimira 15 a nthumwi zapadziko lonse lapansi zochokera ku US, Canada, Central ndi South America ndi New Zealand kuti ziwone zotsatira za zokambirana za anthu okhudzana ndi migodi mu mzinda wa San Jose Las Flores. Mavoti atawerengedwa, anthu 99 pa XNUMX alionse amene anavota ananena kuti akufuna kukhala dera lopanda migodi.
Conley adachita chidwi ndi momwe anthu amathandizira pakukambirana. Ena mwa amayi okalambawa anayenda kwa maola anayi kuti akafike kumalo oponya voti. "Ichi chinali chochitika chambiri komanso chodziwika bwino mu ndale za ku Salvador," adatero Conley. โAnthu omwe mawu awo anyalanyazidwa pa dziko lonse tsopano ayamba kulimbikitsa mkangano wa dziko lonse pankhaniyi. Ma municipalities ena atsatira chitsanzo ichi. " Posakhalitsa, 98 peresenti ya ovota a San Isidro Labrador adanena kuti ayi kumigodi.
A David Morales, loya wa boma la Salvador pazaufulu wa anthu, adati voti ku San Jose Las Flores sikunali kophiphiritsa. "Zotsatira zake zikhala kuti palibe zilolezo zomwe zidzaperekedwe m'matauni kuti zifufuzidwe, osasiyapo kudyerana masuku pamutu," adatero. "Kukhala chipambano chofunikira kwambiri pankhondo yolimbana ndi migodi ku El Salvador." Mwanjira ina, El Salvador ikhoza kukhala dziko loyamba kuletsa migodi yachitsulo.
Z
Al Gedicks ndi Mlembi Wamkulu wa Wisconsin Resources Protection Council komanso membala woyambitsa Midwest Coalition Against Lethal Mining. Zithunzi za Al Gedicks.