Ine n British Columbia aphunzitsi 42,000 anatuluka m'kalasi ndi kupita pamzere wa picket mu October, akufunafuna kusintha kwa ntchito ndi kuphunzira kuchokera ku boma, komanso kuonjezera malipiro. Boma la chigawo cha Canada linakana kukambirana ndi aphunzitsiwo ndipo linakhazikitsa lamulo lokhazikitsa mgwirizano wazaka ziwiri popanda kusintha zinthu kapena malipiro. Aphunzitsi sanamvere malamulo oyendetsera ntchito. Poyankha, Khothi Lalikulu la BC linayimitsa katundu wa bungwe la British Columbia Teachers' Federation (BCTF) ndi kulipereka chindapusa cha $500 miliyoni motsutsana ndi mgwirizanowu, chomwe chinali chilango chachikulu kwambiri chonyoza anthu m'mbiri ya chigawocho.
Background
Ubale pakati pa chipani cholamulira cha BC Liberal Party ndi BCTF udayamba kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2001, pomwe a Liberals adalengeza kuti maphunziro ndi "ntchito yofunikira." Zotsatira zake, aphunzitsi adataya ufulu wawo wochita chilichonse chomwe chidasokoneza kwambiri maphunziro. British Columbia ndiye chigawo chokhacho ku Canada komwe maphunziro adasankhidwa.
Mgwirizano wanthawiyo udalamula kuti malipiro awonjezere 2.5% pachaka pazaka zitatu. Komabe, chiwonjezeko chimenecho sichinaperekedwe ndi ndalama ndi boma, komanso kukwera kwina kwa ndalama sikunaperekedwe mokwanira. Zotsatira zake, malo ophunzitsira opitilira 3, pafupifupi 2,500 peresenti ya ophunzitsa, adachotsedwa ndi ma board asukulu omwe analibe ndalama.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mabungwe oimira aphunzitsi, anamwino, aphunzitsi aku koleji, akatswiri a sayansi ya zaumoyo, ndi ogwira ntchito m'boma onse adakadandaula ku International Labor Organization (ILO) akutsutsa malamulo asanu ndi limodzi okhudza ufulu wonyanyala ntchito ndi zokambirana zamagulu pazaumoyo ndi maphunziro. magawo chifukwa cha maudindo ofunikira.
Pambuyo pofufuza mozama, bungwe la International Labor Organization linamaliza mu March 2003 kuti malamulo asanu ndi limodzi opangidwa ndi boma la BC Liberal anaphwanya misonkhano yapadziko lonse yomwe Canada ndi yosayina. Chigamulo cha ILO chatsimikizira kuti anthu ogwira ntchito m'boma ali ndi ufulu wokambirana pamodzi ndipo ngati n'koyenera kuchita sitiraka. Idatsimikiziranso kuti malamulo ofunikira a BC Liberals amasemphana ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi.
Boma la BC Liberal linanyalanyaza chigamulo cha ILO. Boma litakhazikitsanso pangano kwa aphunzitsi kudzera mu lamulo la 12 mu Okutobala, lidaphwanya lamulo la ILO "loletsa mtsogolo kutsata malamulo otere."
Maloya aboma a BC atapereka mfundo ku ILO mu 2002 za chifukwa chomwe idakhazikitsira makontrakitala, idagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a neoliberalism. Panthawiyo, boma la BC Liberal linauza bungwe la ILO kuti, "Zoletsa zilizonse pazokambirana zamagulu kapena ufulu wonyalanyalala zinali njira zapadera, zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa chifukwa chazovuta zachuma ndi zachuma." Palibe chilichonse mwazinthu izi zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2002 zomwe zilipo lero, komabe boma likupitilizabe kuphwanya malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, kuyika makontrakitala komanso kukana kukambirana za momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi aphunzitsi.
Aphunzitsi ndi ma board asukulu adayamba kukambirana m'chigawo chonse mu 1993 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo aphunzitsi akhala akupatsidwa makontilakiti aboma kanayi. Mu June 2004 mgwirizano umene unaperekedwa kale kwa aphunzitsi a BC unatha ndipo kukambirana kunayamba pakati pa BCTF ndi British Columbia Public School Employers Association (BCPSEA), yomwe ndi bungwe loyang'anira masukulu 60 a chigawochi. BCPSEA itengera malangizo ake kuchokera ku boma ndipo, pakukambirana, BCPSEA sinathe kukambirana za kuwongolera mikhalidwe yophunzirira kapena kukweza malipiro aliwonse.
Aphunzitsi Ayimilireni
Zinthu ziwiri zazikuluzikulu za aphunzitsi ndizo kuwongolera malipiro komanso kuwongolera kantchito ndi kuphunzira. Pankhani ya malipiro, aphunzitsi awona kuti malipiro awo akucheperachepera ndi 4 peresenti pazaka 7 zapitazi. Aphunzitsi a BC adalungamitsanso zomwe akufuna kuti awonjezere malipiro (omwe adayikapo 3 peresenti pachaka kwa zaka 3) potsutsa kuti aphunzitsi ku Alberta ndi Ontario, omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso ndi luso lomwelo, amapanga $ 10,000 kapena kuposerapo pachaka pantchito yomweyo. Kuphatikiza apo, oyang'anira masukulu a BC ndi omwe amalipidwa kwambiri ku Canada, malinga ndi kafukufuku waku Canada wochitidwa ndi Canadian Teachers' Federation. Sikuti olamulira a BC amapeza ndalama zambiri kuposa olamulira m'zigawo zina, komanso kusiyana pakati pa malipiro a aphunzitsi ndi oyang'anira ku BC ndikokwera kwambiri mdziko muno.
Mikhalidwe yophunzitsira ndi kuphunzira m'masukulu a BC ndi gawo lina lalikulu la mikangano. Mโzaka zinayi zapitazi boma la chigawocho linaika malamulo oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mโsukuluzo ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, akuluakulu a sukulu anakakamizika kuchotsa aphunzitsi masauzande ambiri. Ngakhale boma lidawonjezera ndalama zokwana $150 miliyoni m'maphunziro aboma chaka chino, zolemba za bajeti za BC Liberal Party za 2005 zimaneneratu kuti ndalama zazaka ziwiri zidzayimitsidwa. Kulowetsedwa kwa ndalama kumeneku kudzathandiza kusintha zinthu, koma sikuyandikira kukonzanso mikhalidwe yophunzirira yomwe inalipo asanachepetse ndalama zamaphunziro, ndipo ndalamazi zilibe ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa pambali kuti awonjezere malipiro.
Pakati pa 2001 ndi 2004, masukulu akuchigawo adataya ntchito zophunzitsa 2,609. Pafupifupi 700 mwa iwo akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwerengero, koma maudindo 1,900 adachepetsa ntchito kwa ophunzira kudzera m'makalasi akuluakulu komanso aphunzitsi ochepa. Kuonjezera apo, aphunzitsi akusinthidwa nthawi zina ndi othandizira maphunziro opanda maphunziro. Pomwe malo ophunzitsira 2,609 adasowa, mabungwe adalemba ntchito othandizira maphunziro ochulukirapo 265 mu 2004 kuposa mu 2001. Akukonzekera kulemba ena 507 chaka chino.
Pafupi ndi Sir Richard McBride Aphunzitsi a Elementary amanenanso nthano zofananira za kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maphunziro a anthu kwazaka zambiri. Christy Wong akuti aphunzitsi a McBride akhala akuwononga ndalama zambirimbiri zawo kugula zinthu m'makalasi awo.
Heidi Gonzalez, mphunzitsi wa pulayimale ku Delta, akuti adawona kusintha kwakukulu m'zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri za kuphunzitsa, koma kukula kwa kalasi sikuli nkhani yaikulu kwa iye monga momwe amachitira m'kalasi. Thandizo kwa aphunzitsi lacheperachepera m'zaka zaposachedwa panthawi yomwe kupanga m'kalasi kwachititsa kuti aphunzitsi azikhala ovuta kwambiri, makamaka popeza pakhala chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha ophunzira omwe akusowa thandizo lapadera popanda kuwonjezeka kwa maphunziro.
Gonzalez anafotokoza mwachidule zifukwa zochititsa chidwi ponena kuti: โNdinkakhulupirira kuti aphunzitsi odziwa zambiri sasintha ndipo ankalakalaka 'masiku akale.' Komabe, mochulukirachulukira ndazindikira kuti 'masiku akale' onse pamodzi akuyimira nthawi yomwe maphunziro anali othandiza kwambiri kuti aphunzire bwinoโฆ.. Ndicholinga chofuna kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro m'kalasi. Ndi za aphunzitsi amtsogolo omwe sadziwa kuti 'masiku akale' analipodi.
Kumenyedwa Mwalamulo
Pambuyo pogwira ntchito kwa chaka chonse popanda kontrakiti, pa Seputembala 23, aphunzitsi opitilira 88 pa XNUMX aliwonse adavota kuti anyanyale kuti akwaniritse bwino pazokambiranazi. Ngati panalibe kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakukambirana, pulezidenti wa BCTF Sims adalonjeza mndandanda wa ntchito zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira kuyambira popanda kuyang'anira ophunzira kunja kwa kalasi; palibe misonkhano ndi oyang'anira; palibe malipoti opezekapo; palibe kulankhulana ndi aphunzitsi. Izi zitha kutsatiridwa ndikunyanyalanya mozungulira patatha milungu iwiri komanso kuyendayenda m'chigawo chonse patatha milungu iwiri pambuyo pake.
Poyankhapo, boma la BC lidapereka lamulo (Bill 12), lomwe lidakhazikitsa mgwirizano wazaka ziwiri kwa aphunzitsi osawonjezedwa malipiro, kusasintha kwa kaphunzitsidwe ndi kaphunzitsidwe, komanso kunyalanyaza ufulu wa aphunzitsi wonyanyala kapena kutenga zinthu zina. ntchito zantchito.
Aphunzitsi okwiya kenaka adavotera 90.5 peresenti mokomera kutuluka m'makalasi awo kukatsutsa malamulo ndi kuwukira kwa ufulu wawo wokambirana pamodzi. Bill 12 itadutsa, bungwe la Labor Relations Board lidauza aphunzitsi kuti ayambirenso ntchito zawo ndi ndandanda yantchito ndipo adawalamula kuti apewe kulanda masukulu kapena pafupi ndi sukulu. Linauzanso bungweli kuti lileke kulengeza kapena kuloleza kuti anthu azinyanyala ntchito.
Ati sangawapezere nkhanza, pa 7 October aphunzitsi adanyoza boma, bungwe la Labor Relations Board, ndi makhoti ndipo anatuluka mโmakalasi pa zomwe zidanenedwa kuti zanyanyala ntchito mosaloledwa. Sims ndi BCTF adapitiliza kunena kuti anali okonzeka komanso okonzeka kukambirana, koma Prime Minister wa BC Gordon Campbell ndi Nduna ya Zantchito Mike de Jong anakana kukambirana ndi aphunzitsi pomwe amanyoza Bill 12.
Pa Okutobala 9, Justice Brenda Brown wa Khothi Lalikulu la BC anapeza bungwe la aphunzitsi likunyoza khoti. Brown adati chigamulo chake sichinali chotengera ngati aphunzitsi amatsutsa zinali zowona kapena ngati zomwe aphunzitsiwo akuchita zinali zomveka. โNdi lamulo lalamulo, pankhaniyi kumvera malamulo a khoti, kumene kumatilola kukhala ndi ufulu ndi ufulu mโdziko lotukuka ndi la demokalase,โ anatero woweruzayo.
Thandizo la Public kwa Aphunzitsi
M'kupita kwa sabata ziwiri zonyanyala ntchito ndi anthu adawonetsa kuchirikiza kwamphamvu kwa aphunzitsi. Kumapeto kwa tsiku lachiลตiri la zionetsero, ochita zionetsero opitirira 5,000 anasonkhana pa maofesi a BC Liberal Party mumzinda wa Vancouver kuti atsutsane ndi Bill 12. Pakati pa kupempha kuti anthu azinyanyala, atsogoleri a ntchito ku BC ndi ku Canada adapereka mauthenga ogwirizana ndi aphunzitsi. Msonkhanowu, womwe unathandizidwa ndi British Columbia Labor Federation, unaphatikizapo kusonyeza chithandizo champhamvu kuchokera kumagulu ena kuphatikizapo CUPE (Canadian Union of Public Employees), Longshoremen, IBEW, Hospital Employee's Union, BC Government and Services Employees' Union, Telecommunications Workers Union ( ndi ena), komanso makolo ndi ophunzira ambiri.
Msonkhano wa ku Vancouver unali woyamba mwa zionetsero zotsatizana ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito ku BC, chachikulu chomwe chinatseka Victoria pa October 17. Pafupifupi aphunzitsi a 20,000 ndi mamembala ena a bungwe, pamodzi ndi makolo ndi ophunzira, anasonkhana kutsogolo kwa nyumba zamalamulo. akufuna boma lichotse Bill 12 ndikukambirana ndi aphunzitsi.
Purezidenti wa Canadian Teachers 'Federation Winston Carter adati sangangoyima chabe ndikulola bungwe lomwe lili membala kuti liwukidwe ndi zomwe akuti ndi boma lolakwika. "Tili ndi mantha, tili ndi mantha ngati bungwe la aphunzitsi kuti iyi ndi njira yaying'ono komanso kuti mabungwe ena ndi magulu onse aboma ku Canada adzakhala m'boti lomwelo nthawi ina ngati boma lachigawo chino lipeza. kutali ndi njira yovutayi yomwe akugwiritsa ntchito panthawiyi, "adatero Carter.
Mamembala masauzande ambiri ku Greater Victoria ndi mamembala onse a CUPE pachilumba cha Vancouver adasiya ntchito kutsutsa malamulo omwe boma lakhazikitsa kwa aphunzitsi. Chiwonetsero cha Victoria chidatsatiridwa ndikuyenda kwa mgwirizano wamagulu m'chigawo chonse komanso mamembala a CUPE ku Greater Vancouver ndi Fraser Valley. Ziwonetserozi zidakopa chidwi cha amalonda aku BC. Purezidenti wa BC Business Council, Jerry Lampert, adauza atolankhani kuti BC Federation of Labor ikutsogolera chigawocho "msewu wofulumira wopita ku chipwirikiti." Kevin Evans wa Coalition of BC Businesses adauza atolankhani kuti akhudzidwa ndi sitirakayi komanso zomwe zikutsatiridwa pomwe mabungwe ena akuyandikira nthawi yomaliza pamapangano awo.
Kutangotsala masiku ochepa kuti kunyanyala ntchito kuchitike, zisankho za bungwe la BCTF zikusonyeza kuti anthu 56 pa 19 aliwonse a ku British Columbian amagwirizana ndi aphunzitsi, poyerekeza ndi anthu 61 pa XNUMX alionse amene ankagwirizana ndi boma. Thandizo limenelo linakhalabe lokhazikika ndipo linawonjezeka pamene chigamulocho chinalowa mu sabata yachiwiri. Kafukufuku wa Ipsos Reid adapeza kuti anthu XNUMX pa XNUMX aliwonse amathandizira aphunzitsi m'chigawo chonsecho.
Pomwe thandizo la anthu likukulirakulira komanso aphunzitsi ndi anzawo akuchita zionetsero m'chigawo chonsecho, boma ndi makhoti zidasokoneza. Patatha masiku anayi Justice Brown atapeza aphunzitsiwo akunyoza khoti, analamula kuti ndalama za bungwe la aphunzitsi ziikidwe mโdipatimenti yoona za chuma monga chilango chifukwa chopitiriza sitalaka yawo. Chigamulocho chinalepheretsa mamembala a bungweli kuti azilandira ndalama zokwana madola 50 patsiku ndipo analetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za bungweli kuti apitirize ndawala yake yosagwirizana ndi boma.
Tsiku la zionetsero ku Victoria, loya wamkulu adasankha loya wa Vancouver a Len Doust ngati woyimira pamilandu wapadera wodziyimira pawokha kuti adziwe ngati milandu yakuphwanya malamulo inali yovomerezeka. Doust adauza a Justice Brown kuti, "Zikuwonekeratu kuti [machitidwe a BCTF] omwe adawonetsedwa mpaka pano akuyandikira kwambiri kunyoza khothi," koma adachita mosamala ndikudikirira chitsogozo cha khothi.
Pamene ntchito zidafalikira m'chigawo chonsecho ndipo BC Federation of Labor idalonjeza kutsekedwa kwina, kuphatikiza Vancouver ndi Lower Mainland, mkhalapakati Vince Ready adalowa nawo mkangano. Wokonzeka, yemwe adasankhidwa kuti awonetsetse njira yatsopano yokambirana za mgwirizano wamtsogolo chisanachitike, adayamba kukumana ndi akuluakulu aboma ndi mabungwe aboma Lachiwiri, Okutobala 18. Wokonzeka ndi munthu wodziwika bwino ku BC, wolemekezedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha luso lake loyimira pakati pa ntchito zolimba. mikangano ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwake pakusamvana kunkawoneka ngati zofanana ndi kuphethira kwa boma.
Okonzeka nthawi yomweyo adalengeza kusamvana, kulengeza kuti maphwando "adali otalikirana kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi mgwirizano kapena mgwirizano uliwonse." Ready adalengeza pambuyo poti a BCTF atulutsa poyera malingaliro awo kuti athetse mkanganowo. Ready ndiye adapereka malingaliro ake osamangirira, omwe adaphatikiza ndalama zokwana $100 miliyoni kuti apititse patsogolo malipiro, mapindu, komanso maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Izi zinaphatikizapo:
- Boma likugwiritsa ntchito $40 miliyoni kugwirizanitsa malipiro a aphunzitsi m'maboma onse; izi zikuyimira 2 peresenti yowonjezera kwa aphunzitsi m'chigawo chonse; aphunzitsi anali kufuna kukwezedwa malipiro a 15 peresenti
- Boma limapereka ndalama zokwana $40 miliyoni ku bungwe la BCTF la anthu olumala (aphunzitsi anali ndi chidwi chofuna kuti boma lilandire malipirowo)
- Boma limapereka $ 5.2 miliyoni kuti akweze malipiro a aphunzitsi-on-call kufika $190 patsiku (avereji yapano ndi $165)
- Boma limapereka ndalama zokwana madola 20 miliyoni kuti ziwongolere kukula kwa makalasi ndi zomwe ophunzira omwe akufuna thandizo lapadera akuthandizira panopo ndipo akuganiza zochita izi mosalekeza ndipo amakambirana ndi BCTF pakusintha malire a kukula kwa kalasi mu School Act.
- Boma likuwonjezera chiwerengero cha oimira aphunzitsi pa Learning Roundtable, kumene ogwira nawo ntchito pa maphunziro a anthu amakumana ndikukambirana mavuto omwe masukulu aboma amakumana nawo.
Boma la BC Liberal nthawi yomweyo ndipo "mopanda malire" lidavomereza malingaliro a Ready. Tsiku lotsatira, Lachisanu, October 21, BCTF ilipidwa chindapusa chachikulu cha $500 miliyoni chifukwa chonyoza khothi chifukwa chokana kuthetsa sitiraka yake yosaloledwa. Brown adati chindapusachi chikadakhala "chokulirapo kwambiri," koma adati amaganiziranso kuti chigawochi ndi aphunzitsi atsala pang'ono kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wothetsa sitirakayi. Adachenjezanso bungwe la BCTF kuti zilango zitha kuperekedwa kutengera zomwe zichitike mtsogolo pamikangano ya makontrakitala ya aphunzitsi.
Tsiku lomwelo, Jim Sinclair, purezidenti wa Federation of Labor adayimitsa chipani cha feduro pamisonkhano ndi ntchito zomwe zidakonzekera ku Vancouver ndi Fraser Valley ndipo adalamula kuti malingaliro a Ready avotedwe ndi mamembala a BCTF. Aphunzitsi ambiri anakwiya kwambiri ndi zimene Sinclair anachita. CUPE BC idachita, komabe, idakwaniritsa kudzipereka kwake kochita ziwonetsero mogwirizana ndi aphunzitsi ndipo mamembala opitilira 10,000 a CUPE adayika "zida" zawo tsikulo ndikupita kumisonkhano.
Pambuyo pa tsiku lowunikira, komanso modzidzimutsa, utsogoleri wa BCTF unavomereza monyinyirika malingalirowo. "Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muvomereze lipoti la Ready," Sims adauza aphunzitsi a Burnaby Central Secondary School Loweruka, Okutobala 22. "Sindikufuna kuti muvote momwe Jinny Sims akufuna kuti muvotere, ndikufuna kuti muvotere. chikumbumtima," adatero.
Panali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pakati pa maudindo ndi mafayilo ovomereza lipoti la Ready, koma aphunzitsi adavotera 77 peresenti mokomera kuthetsa kunyalanyazidwa kwa milungu iwiri. "Aphunzitsi avotera ambiri kuti athetse ntchito yathu yosagwirizana ndi anthu komanso kuti abwerere mawa," adatero Sims.
Ngakhale kuti aphunzitsi ambiri anali ndi chidwi chobwerera kuntchito, zolinga zazikulu zomwe BCTF zinadziwika sizinakwaniritsidwe, kuphatikizapo: zokambirana zonse zaulere kwa aphunzitsi; kubwerera kwa chinenero cha mgwirizano pa ntchito ndi kuphunzira mikhalidwe anavula ku kulankhula m'mbuyomu; ndi kuwonjezereka kwa malipiro abwino.
Ndalama zokwana madola 100 miliyoni zomwe zili mu lipoti la Ready ndi zocheperapo kuposa zomwe boma lidapulumutsa pamalipiro a aphunzitsi pa sitiraka ya milungu iwiri. Mamembala ena a BCTF anali otsutsa kubwerera m'makalasi chifukwa boma silinapereke chikalata cholemba za kukula kwa makalasi ndi kapangidwe kake. Kusadalirana kunakhalabe pomwe aphunzitsi adabwerera kuntchito ndikuyamba kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana za Learning Roundtable. Nkhani zamakontrakitala zakonzedwa kuti ziyambe masika mawa
Sims ndi oimira ena atatu a BCTF adapezeka pamsonkhano woyamba wa Learning Roundtable ku Victoria pa Okutobala 24. Sims adati, "A British Columbians amathandizira aphunzitsi kuyankhula kwa ophunzira, amasamala kwambiri za momwe amaphunzirira m'makalasi a ana awo, ndipo akufuna boma kuti likhazikitsenso ndalama zoyendetsera sukulu za boma zolimba komanso zokhazikika."
E. Wayne Ross ndi mkonzi wa Malo Ogwira Ntchito: Magazini ya Ntchito Zamaphunziro (www.workplace-gsc.com) ndipo amakhala ku Vancouver, BC.