Clarence Lusane
It
mwina ndi chizindikiro cha misala ya zaka chikwi kuti zanalo lidzatha
ndi zochitika za bizzare za loya waku America waku America yemwe amateteza
kukhothi ufulu wa membala wa Ku Klux Klan - dzina lake
chodabwitsa ndi Black - kuwotcha mitanda. Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti zina
kuganiza bwino kunali kofala chifukwa loya ndi kasitomala wakeyo
wotayika.
izi
chochitika chachilendo chinachitika mu mayesero aposachedwa a Barry Elton Black,
amene mu Ogasiti 1998, mu udindo wake monga Imperial Wizard wa
International Keystone Knights of the KKK, adachita msonkhano ndikuwotcha a
kudutsa Carroll County Virginia. Inferno, koma osati msonkhano,
anaphwanya lamulo la boma la 1930s lomwe limaletsa mwachindunji kuwotcha pamtanda
by Ku Klux Klan. The International Keystone Knights, mmodzi mwa
pafupifupi magulu 50 a Klan m'dziko lonselo, akuganiza kuti ali ndi zosakwana 200
mamembala.
Kukangana
kuti Black anali ndi ufulu wotsatira malamulo kuti achite izi ndi zake
loya David P. Baugh, yemwe ndi African American komanso membala wa
Virginia mutu wa American Civil Liberties Union. Pakati pa
mawu ambiri opanda pake komanso opanda pake onenedwa ndi Baugh kulungamitsa ake
chitetezo cha Black chinali malingaliro ake, "Ngati ndingathe kumuteteza, sindingathe
tetezani wina aliyense." Baugh mwachiwonekere amakhulupirira kuti Black ndi
a Klan ali ndi ufulu wozunza ena mwamawu komanso mwakuthupi
chimene chiri ndendende cholinga cha miyambo imeneyi. Ndi kwambiri
ndikukayika kuti Black adagwiritsa ntchito loya waku Africa America pachilichonse
osati zolinga zanzeru, kapena kuti malingaliro ake pa ubale wamtundu
zinasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono.
palibe
anali kugula mkangano wa Baugh. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, gulu loweruza lachizungu linatenga
pa mphindi 25 kuti apereke chigamulo cha wolakwa. Komanso umboni
motsutsana ndi a Klansman adachokera kwa azungu atatu - sheriff yemwe
anaona chochitikacho ndipo anamanga Black, wachiwiri wake, ndi Rebecca
Sechrist, mkazi woyera amene amakhala mu ngolo moyandikana ndi
katundu amene mtanda anawotchedwa. Sechrist amaphwanya stereotype
a azungu osauka amene amasonyezedwa mwachisawawa ngati atsankho osalapa
kuyembekezera Pat Buchanan, David Duke, kapena asitikali akumaloko kuti
kuwalemba iwo mu gulu lankhondo la tsankho. Ngakhale izi "zachilendo"
nzika anachita bwino thang ndipo anati palibe tsankho ndi
tsankho, zomwezo sizinganenedwe kwa otchedwa omasuka
kuzungulira nkhani iyi.
An
nkhondo yofunika yandale pakati pa omasuka ikuchitika pano. Pa
pamwamba, zikuwoneka ngati mkangano pakati pa mfundo ziwiri. Pa
dzanja limodzi, magulu omasuka monga ACLU, Southern Poverty Law
Center, ndi ena, amatsutsa ufulu wolankhula ndi kufotokoza
sayenera kuphwanyidwa muzochitika zilizonse. Mbali inayi,
palinso mfundo yotsutsana ndi tsankho, kufanana pakati pa mafuko, ndi
chitetezo cha ufulu wa anthu, zomwe magulu awa nawonso mwamphamvu
thandizo.
In
zoona, palibe mkangano. Kodi KKK ndi chiyani, kaya mkati
zipewa zoyera kapena masuti abuluu, si ufulu wofotokozera kapena ufulu
cha kulankhula. Munthawi ya pambuyo pa Ufulu Wachibadwidwe, magulu atsankho monga
Klan alibenso chitetezo cholimba mtima cha ma sheriff am'deralo omwe
kugwiritsa ntchito kuwalola kuphwanya malamulo oyendetsera dziko popanda kunong'ona
kutsutsa. Tsopano, magulu awa amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo oyendetsera dziko
chitetezo pamene akupitiriza kulimbikitsa ndipo, nthawi zambiri,
funa kuthetsa anthu amitundu, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, Ayuda,
ogwirizana ndi anthu ogwira nawo ntchito, ndi ena omwe amagwa kunja kwa malingaliro awo opapatiza
za kuyenera.
pamene
a Klan akadali ang'onoang'ono mwachiwerengero, akuyerekeza kukhala osakwana 5,000
m'dziko lonselo, zomwe akuyimira siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa mwachisawawa,
komanso sanagonjetse zolinga zachiwawa ndi zokakamiza
yawonetsa mbiri ya Klan kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1860 mpaka pano. Wosankhana mitundu
chiwawa chikupitiriza kudzutsa mutu wankhanza. Zaka ziwiri zokha zapitazo, in
m’chigawo chomwechi kumene msonkhano wa a Klan unachitikira, munthu wakuda anawotchedwa
wamoyo ndiyeno kudulidwa mutu ndi wantchito mzungu. Kuti muwone Klan ndi
ena olinganizidwa tsankho monga ndale m'mphepete basi amaphonya udindo iwo
yesetsani kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha kusalolera komwe kuli kale
stereotypes akhoza kukula ndi kukula.
osati
kokha a Klan apitirizabe kuimira tsankho lonyansa kwambiri
mawonedwe kuno ku United States, koma akulitsa dziko lonse lapansi
kufikira. Atsogoleri osiyanasiyana a Klan, monga David Duke ndi Bill Wilkerson,
akhala akugwirizana kwa nthawi yaitali ndi anthu osankhana mitundu ku Ulaya. Ku France, neo-fascist
National Front, motsogozedwa ndi Jean Marie Le Pen, adayitana mamembala a Klan
ku misonkhano ndi misonkhano kwa zaka zingapo. Ku England, a
masiku ano Klan wagwira ntchito ndi fascists ndi mafuko mabungwe monga
monga British National Front ndi National Socialist Movement,
kuyambira koyambirira kwa 1960s. M’ma 1990, Klan wa ku U.S
atsogoleri athandizira kulenga yaing'ono Klan mitu mu
England, Wales, ndi Scotland. Malinga ndi anti-fascist
Magazine, Searchlight, ntchito zawo makamaka zangokhala
kunyoza masunagoge, ndewu zina, ndi kutulutsa tsankho
mabuku. Ngakhale kuti sanaloledwe ku United States ndi kwina kulikonse,
a Klan sanazimiririke komanso otsutsa sayenera
zolinga zake ndi zolinga zake.
So
chigamulo cha 12 oweruza oyera m'tauni yaing'ono ku Virginia angakhale
mawu am'munsi ochepa chabe mu zilakolako zandale zamasiku ano za
likupezeka, koma likutanthauza mawu ofunika otsutsa tsankho. The
Mlandu wa Virginia ukutsimikiziranso lingaliro loti mukakumana ndi a
radical option liberals bakha ndikuthamangira pobisalira.
Clarence
Lusane, Ph.D. "Mwayi Umakonda Okonzekera" American
University School of International Service (202) 885-1674