Betsy Hartmann
"Ife
musalole agalu kuswana. Timawakonda. Sitinawatengere iwo. Timayesetsa kuwasunga
pokhala ndi tiana tosafunidwa, komabe akazi amenewa ali ndi zinyalala
za mwanaโฆโ
izi
ndi mawu a Barbara Harris, woyambitsa bungwe la CRACK, Children
Kufuna Gulu Losamalira. Kuchokera ku California, ntchito ya CRACK ndi ku
chepetsa kwathunthu kapena kwakanthawi kwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
zolimbikitsa zandalama za $200. Pofika pa September 1, 1999, amayi 65 analandira ndalama
kuchokera ku CRACK pobwezera kubala kwawo; 46 mwa iwo anali kwamuyaya
wosabala. CRACK watsegula mutu ku Chicago ndipo akukonzekera kukulitsa mpaka
Minnesota, Florida, Seattle ndi New England dera.
Chani
ndizodabwitsa kwambiri za CRACK sizongowona kuti ilipo - eugenic
kuganiza kuli bwino kwambiri ku US - koma zoona zake zatero
adalandira chidwi chotere cha atolankhani, ndi zolemba zabwino kapena zolemba mu
People, Time, Cosmopolitan, Marie Claire, ndi Chicago Tribune. Kenanso
kupereka nsembe ufulu wobereka wa amayi osauka ndi amayi amtundu ndi
analingalira njira yosavuta yothetsera mavuto ovuta a anthu.
In
pepala lake la CRACK, Komiti Yowona za Amayi, Chiwerengero cha Anthu ndi Zachilengedwe
ikufotokoza zifukwa zomwe tiyenera kutsutsa mwamphamvu gululi:
1)
NTCHITO YA CRACK NDI YOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI. Malamulo a Eugenic sterilization koyambirira
Zaka makumi angapo za zana lino zidapangitsa kutseketsa mokakamiza kwa 60,000
Achimereka Achimereka, Achiafirika Achimereka, olumala mโmaganizo ndi mwakuthupi, ndi
osauka. Tsopano, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lino, zipatala zapadera zoberekera zimapereka ana,
akazi ophunzira ndi mwayi $2500-50,000 kupereka mazira awo, pamene CRACK
amapatsa akazi osauka omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo $200 kuti asakhale ndi ana.
Komabe
mwachiwonekere mwaufulu, zolimbikitsa za CRACK zili ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukakamiza kuposa
ndi kusankha. Azimayi osauka omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sangakwanitse
kupanga chiganizo chodziwitsa za kuthekera kwawo pakubereka ngati atapatsidwa ndalama
ngati chilimbikitso. CRACK amapezerapo mwayi pachiwopsezo chawo potsatsa,
"Musalole kuti mimba iwononge chizoloลตezi chanu cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo," ndi "Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito
mankhwala, pezani zolerera, pezani ndalama zokwana $200."
2)
CRACK LIMITS ZOMWE ZOYENERA KUYANKHULA NDI KUBALA NDIKUWONZA ZOCHITIKA ZA UMOYO. KHALA
amachepetsa mosasamala njira zolerera popereka malipiro kwa nthawi yayitali,
njira zoyendetsedwa ndi opereka: tubal ligation, Norplant, Depo Provera ndi ma IUD.
Zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zoopsa zambiri zaumoyo, ndipo sizingatheke
amayi omwe ali ndi zolinga za CRACK ali ndi mwayi wopeza chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe
amapereka uphungu wokwanira wakulera, kuyezetsa ngati pali zoletsa ndi
kuyang'anira zotsatira zoyipa. Pakali pano, chotchinga njira monga kondomu amene
chitetezo ku HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana si
yolipidwa ndi CRACK.
3)
CRACK IKUlepheretsa CHOLINGA CHA MANKHWALA OGWIRITSA NTCHITO MANKHWALA. Njira yofulumira ya CRACK
amasiya kulandira chithandizo ngati njira yothetsera kuledzera. Mpaka akazi
ndi vuto la kumwerekera kusiya kukhala ndi ana, palibe china chomwe chikuwoneka kuti ndi chofunikira.
CRACK samazindikira kuledzera ngati vuto lachipatala lomwe limayankha
chithandizo choyenera. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zaupandu
akazi osauka amtundu ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo, kuwaika m'ndende chifukwa cha 'mwana
nkhanza 'panthawi yapakati, m'malo mowapatsa mapulogalamu amankhwala.
4)
CRACK AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO ZINTHU ZOKHUDZA ZOKHUDZA 'CACK BABIES' MONGA MOYO WOPANDA. Kuvomereza
kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa nthawi ya mimba kungawononge khanda ndi losiyana kwambiri
Uthenga wa CRACK woti amayi omwe amamwa mankhwala sayenera kukhala ndi ana nkomwe. Lingaliro la
'Ana akhanda' monga miyoyo ya anthu yowonongeka inabwera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980 pamene atolankhani
kukokomeza zotsatira za crack cocaine pa makanda ndi ana asukulu. Iwo
anagogomezera maulosi owopsa kwambiri a madokotala ndi ochita kafukufuku amene awa
makanda adzakhala ndi zolepheretsa kuphunzira, chidwi ndi khalidwe
zosokoneza, ndipo ziyenera kulembedwa ngati 'm'badwo wotayika' kapena
'biological underclass.' Masiku ano, pali pafupifupi kugwirizana kwa sayansi kuti
crack sawononganso makanda kuposa kusuta ndudu
kuwonongeka kochepa kuposa kumwa mowa kwambiri. CRACK imapititsa patsogolo "crack
babies" nthano, kupititsa patsogolo kusalana kwa ana otchulidwa kuti ndi
kuthandizira kufalitsa zabodza pakati pa anthu.
5)
POTSUZIDWA KUFUNA KUTHETSEDWA, OSATI KUTHEKA KUBELERA KWA AMAYI. Akazi
omwe ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, ntchito zabwino, maphunziro
mwayi, ndi umoyo wamaganizo ndi chisamaliro cha ana. Ngati akufuna kubadwa
Ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza njira zolerera mwaufulu
ntchito monga gawo la ulemu, chisamaliro chokwanira chaumoyo. Ndi kusowa kwa onse
zinthu izi ndi kukana ulemu wa munthu zomwe zimakulitsa mikhalidwe ya
umphawi, kusankhana mitundu, chikhalidwe komanso kusankhana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Mikhalidwe imeneyi imatha
kumapangitsa amayi kufunafuna mankhwala opangira ululu. Kuponderezedwa kumafunika
kuthetsedwa, osati mphamvu yakubala ya akazi.
pakuti
zambiri za kampeni yolimbana ndi CRACK, lemberani CWPE pa
-
Betsy Hartmann
Director, Population and Development Program
Kalasi ya Hampshire