Boma la Venezuela likuchitapo kanthu pothana ndi kukwera kwa zigawenga komanso kusatetezeka mdzikolo pothana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa ziwawa: Umphawi.
The New York Times adalemba molakwika sabata yatha kuti ziwawa ku Venezuela ndizambiri kuposa Iraq. Nkhani yochititsa chidwi komanso yopotoka, yolembedwa ndi mtolankhani Simon Romero, idalimbikitsa kampeni yolimbana ndi a Chavez yoyesa kuwonetsa dziko la Venezuela ngati dziko lolephera.
Potengera ziwerengero zosavomerezeka za ziwerengero zaupandu ku Caracas komanso zonena zochokera kwa akatswiri otsutsa-Chavez, Romero adachita nawo utolankhani woyipa kwambiri, wosokoneza mazana masauzande a Iraquis omwe adaphedwa pankhondo yotsogozedwa ndi US masiku apitawa. Chilengezo cha Purezidenti Obama cha "kutha kwa nkhondo", kuti ayang'anenso chimodzi mwazolinga za Washington, Venezuela - pafupi kwambiri ndi kwawo.
Umbavawu ulipo ku Caracas ndi wosatsutsika. Koma mwanjira ina, monga atolankhani otsutsa ku Venezuela amachitira tsiku ndi tsiku, kuti umbanda ndi chiwawa ndi "cholakwika" cha oyang'anira a Chavez sizopanda pake, komanso ndi zoyipa zowopsa.
Monga momwe zilili m’matauni aliwonse aakulu padziko lonse lapansi, pamakhala zochitika zakupha, kuba ndi zida, kuba, ndi kuba, kaŵirikaŵiri zomakulitsidwa ndi kugaŵanika kwakukulu kwachuma pakati pa anthu apamwamba oŵerengeka ndi osauka ochuluka. Kalekale, Hugo Chavez asanakhale pulezidenti, madera apakati ndi apamwamba adamanga makoma akuluakulu ndi mipanda yamagetsi kuti azikhala kumbuyo, kubisa chuma chawo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa.
Kukula kwa anthu olemera ku Venezuela kwazikidwa makamaka pamtundu wina wachiwawa ndi umbanda, zomwe sizimanenedwa kawirikawiri m'manyuzipepala. M'zaka zonse za m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, pamene bizinesi yamafuta ku Venezuela idakula, katangale ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "upandu woyera" zidakula nawo. Ngakhale kuti mafuta adakhazikitsidwa m'chaka cha 1976, umphawi unakula kwambiri pamene chuma cha mafuta mamiliyoni ambiri chinabedwa ndi kubedwa ndi akuluakulu a ndale ndi azachuma omwe anali ndi mphamvu.
Kenako adabisa chuma chawo chakubedwa kuseri kwa midzi yazipata ndi makoma a konkire, ndikugula malo ku Miami, New York, Aruba, Curaçao ndi Dominican Republic, kotero kuti osauka ambiri sanawone momwe adawonongera dzikolo, ndipo sakanatha kubweza. zomwe zinali zoyenera anthu a ku Venezuela.
ZINTHU ZONSE
Uwawa ku Venezuela uli ndi miyambi yovuta yazachikhalidwe komanso ndale. Ziwawa za anthu osankhika omwe anali ndi mphamvu m'zaka zomaliza za zaka za m'ma 2000 zidapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri akhale osauka, osaphunzira, osowa zakudya m'thupi komanso osasankhidwa. Kuthana ndi umbanda ndi chitetezo ku Venezuela masiku ano kumafuna kupeza njira zothetsera mavuto akulu omwe dzikoli likukumana nawo.
Ndondomeko za boma la Chavez zikuyang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa umphawi ndi masautso monga gawo loyamba komanso lofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha dziko. Zoposa 60% za phindu lamafuta masiku ano zimayikidwa m'mapulogalamu ochezera, kupereka chithandizo chaulere, chaumoyo komanso maphunziro kwa anthu onse aku Venezuela; kupanga mapulogalamu ophunzitsira ntchito ndi mitundu yatsopano ya ntchito kudzera m'mabizinesi oyendetsedwa ndi ogwira ntchito ndi ma cooperative; ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti chakudya chili ndi ufulu wodzilamulira kudzera mu kukonzanso ndi kukulitsa bizinesi yaulimi ya dziko limodzi ndi masitolo akuluakulu a boma ndi malo ogawa zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti zakudya zoyambira zimapezeka komanso zotsika mtengo kwa aliyense.
Umphawi wadzaoneni wachepetsedwa ndi 50% m'zaka khumi zapitazi, ndipo pulogalamu ya ku Venezuela yophunzitsa kulemba ndi kulemba yayamikiridwa monga "chitsanzo cha dziko lonse" ndi United Nations. Masiku ano, anthu a ku Venezuela akudya bwino, ndi ophunzira bwino, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zogula ndipo akutenga nawo mbali pazandale ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Chitsanzo chatsopano cha chuma chamagulu, kumene anthu amayendetsa misika yawo, mabanki ndi ntchito zapakhomo, akupangidwa kuti asinthe maganizo oyenerera omwe amaperekedwa ndi boma la mafuta a abambo.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pakhala kuwonjezeka kwa zigawenga zomwe sizinali zachikhalidwe m'zaka khumi zapitazi, kuphatikizapo kuba, "kuba, kupha anthu momveka bwino", kupha anthu malipiro ndi kupha anthu okhudzana ndi zigawenga, zomwe zambiri zimachitika m'mabwalo - madera osauka adafalikira. m'mapiri a Caracas, kapena m'malire. Komabe, chiwawa chamtunduwu nthawi zambiri chimatumizidwa kuchokera ku dziko loyandikana nalo la Colombia, limodzi mwa mayiko achiwawa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mwa mawonekedwe a magulu ankhondo omwe akufuna kupeza malo mkati mwa Venezuela ndikuthandizira otsutsa otsutsa kuti asokoneze boma la Chavez mpaka kusintha kwadongosolo.
Ziwawa zokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso umbanda zimaphatikizanso zochitika zambiri mdzikolo, ndipo pomwe Venezuela si dziko lopanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Colombia ndi, ndipo kutumiza mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku Venezuela kwakhala bizinesi yayikulu kwa ogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo aku Colombia.
KUMANANIrana ndi Upandu
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti izi zilipo, olamulira a Chavez atenga njira zazikulu, zokhazikika komanso zogwira mtima kuti athane ndi vuto lomwe lidatengera kunyalanyazidwa, kusiyidwa ndi katangale kuchokera ku maboma akale.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthana ndi mizu ya umphawi ndi umbanda kudzera mu mapulogalamu a chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi ndondomeko zophatikizira, boma la Chavez likuchitanso mwachindunji ndi nkhanza za tsiku ndi tsiku kupyolera mu kukhazikitsidwa kwa apolisi atsopano, National Bolivarian Police, ndi kukhalapo kwa chitetezo chokwanira. m'dziko lonselo.
Lachitatu, Minister of Interior and Justice Tareck El Aissami adayang'anira kutumizidwa kosatha kwa National Bolivarian Police, National Reserve, Homeland Guards ndi akuluakulu a Transit Authority kuti ateteze masiteshoni 47 ku Caracas wamkulu. Asitikali opitilira chikwi chimodzi ochokera m'mabungwe anayi achitetezo aboma adzayang'anira njira yayikulu yoyendera anthu ku likulu la dziko la Venezuela pa nthawi yake yogwira ntchito, pofuna kuchepetsa zigawenga ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha anthu apaulendo.
Kutumiza kwachitetezo padziko lonse lapansi kudayambanso koyambirira kwa chaka chino, Bicentennial Security Deployment (Dibise), kuphatikiza National Guard, anti-narcotics ndi apolisi adziko lonse omwe akuimbidwa mlandu wothana ndi kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuchepetsa zochitika zakuba, kupha anthu komanso umbanda wamba. Mpaka pano pakhala anthu masauzande ambiri omangidwa ndi matani a mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zida zolandidwa popanda chilolezo.
Monga gawo la kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu lankhondo la National Bolivarian Police, University of Security yatsopano idakhazikitsidwa koyambirira kwa chaka chino, yomwe ipereka maphunziro ozama aukadaulo komanso olimbitsa thupi kwa omwe akufuna kukhala oyang'anira. Ufulu waumunthu ndi maphunziro a kusagwirizana kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndizofunikira kwa ma cadet onse, poyesa kumanga gulu lopanda ziphuphu, losapondereza, loyang'anira chitetezo cha anthu.
Kuchita upainiya kumeneku kudzapanga apolisi odziwa ntchito yoyamba ku Venezuela ndipo pamapeto pake zidzachititsa kuti anthu ena omwe si akatswiri, achinyengo omwe akugwira ntchito m'deralo ndi madera athetsedwe.
Ngakhale kuti boma la dziko lonse likuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse umbanda ndi ziwawa, maboma ang'onoang'ono - maboma ndi matauni, omwe amalamulira apolisi, akuchita zochepa kapena ayi kuti athetse kusatetezeka. Maiko omwe ali ndi ziwawa zambiri ndi Miranda, Tachira ndi Zulia, onse atatu ali m'manja mwa otsutsa, abwanamkubwa odana ndi Chavez. Maiko atatu onsewa alinso ndi magulu ankhondo aku Colombia, omwe akuwoneka kuti akugwira ntchito momasuka ndi chilolezo cha abwanamkubwawo.
Pamene umphawi ukuthetsedwa ndipo anthu aku Venezuela akudziwa bwino za chikhalidwe cha anthu ndikuwonjezera kutenga nawo gawo ndi udindo wawo pomanga dziko lawo, umbanda udzatha. Kuphatikizika kwa malamulo okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe akuwongolera moyo wa anthu onse aku Venezuela ndi njira zenizeni zochepetsera umbanda, kuwonjezera kupezeka kwa apolisi ndikumanga magulu osachita ziphuphu kudzaonetsetsa kuti chitetezo ndi chitetezo chanthawi yayitali ku Venezuela.