Robert Naiman
Alipo
Kudabwitsidwa kwakukulu ku Cuba ndi Florida chifukwa cha tsogolo la Elian Gonzalez. Ngati iye
anali ochokera kudziko lina lililonse, akanakhala kale kunyumba ndi bambo ake. Komabe basi
ochepa atolankhani malipoti amanena monyanyira US embargo zimene zinachititsa
momwe zilili pano, ndipo palibe pomwe pali zolimbikitsa zenizeni za mfundozi
kufufuzidwa.
pakuti
Zaka 40 US yakhazikitsa malire azachuma ku Cuba kuti amulange
kukhala ndi ndondomeko yodziyimira payokha ya zachuma kwa anthu ambiri osati kwa
phindu la mabungwe akunja ndi oyika ndalama. Pamene chiletsocho chinaikidwa, icho
adanenedwa kuti tikuyenera "kukhala ndi chikominisi" kuti titeteze
United States. Kazembe waku Mexico adafotokoza kuti Mexico siyingathandizire
Kennedy Administration yotsutsana ndi Cuba: "Ngati tilengeza poyera izi
Cuba ikuwopseza chitetezo chathu, anthu aku Mexico mamiliyoni makumi anayi adzafa
kuseka.โ Lerolino Achimereka ambiri amawona lingaliro la Cuba kukhala chiwopsezo chimodzimodzinso
zopusa kuposa momwe anthu aku Mexico adachitira panthawiyo. Choncho embargo tsopano kulungamitsidwa malinga ndi
"kulanga Castro" chifukwa cha "kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu."
koma
zonena kuti mfundo za US ku Cuba zimakhudzidwa ndi kudera nkhawa za ufulu wa anthu
Ndizosamveka ngati zomwe adanena kale kuti Cuba inali chiwopsezo ku dziko la US
chitetezo.
pamene
US ikusunga chiletso chachuma motsutsana ndi Cuba, Clinton Administration
ndi kukakamiza mabizinesi akulu kuti abweretse China mu World Trade Organisation. Izi ndi
ngakhale kuponderezedwa kwakukulu kwa kusagwirizana ku China, ndipo ngakhale - kapena mwina
chifukwa cha - mikhalidwe yaukapolo wapafupi m'mafakitale aku China komwe antchito
kupanga katundu wogula kumakampani aku US akumayiko osiyanasiyana.
Zachikale
momwe zingamvekere, anthu omwe amayendetsa mfundo zakunja zaku US akhala akuchita mantha
ku Cuba. Osati chifukwa Cuba idakhalapo m'malo aliwonse kuti iwukire chilichonse, koma
chifukwa opanga malamulo athu anali otsimikiza kuti ngati pano makonzedwe azachuma mu
Latin America idayenera kusungidwa - kulamuliridwa kwa mfundo zachuma ndi a
United States ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zogulitsa kunja ndikukopa ndalama zakunja m'malo mwake
kuposa kukweza moyo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba - ndiye anthu mu
dera liyenera kutsimikiza kuti palibe njira ina. Ngati Cuba idaloledwa
chokani ndi ndondomeko zazachuma zosiyanasiyana, anthu akumayiko ena atha kupeza
malingaliro oseketsa.
The
wolemba mbiri Arthur Schlesinger, yemwe panthawiyo anali mkulu wa Kennedy Administration,
inanena motere: zomwe US โโimayenera kuopa ndi "kufalikira kwa Castro
lingaliro la kudzitengera nokha zinthu,โ popeza ku Latin America,
โkugawidwa kwa nthaka ndi mitundu ina ya chuma cha dziko kumakomera kwambiri
magulu oyenereraโฆ osauka ndi osowa, olimbikitsidwa ndi a
chitsanzo cha kusintha kwa Cuba, tsopano akufuna mwayi wokhala ndi ulemu
moyo."
Today,
malinga ndi ziwerengero za boma la US, dziko la Cuba likuyembekezeka kukhala ndi moyo zaka 73
kwa amuna ndi zaka 78 kwa amayi, chiwerengero cha anthu akuluakulu 96%, ndi kufa kwa makanda 8
imfa pa ana 1,000 obadwa amoyo. El Salvador, yomwe "tinapulumutsako
communism" mwa kupha zikwi makumi a nzika zake mu a
counterinsurgency nkhondo ndi kutsanulira mu "thandizo" ndalama, ali ndi moyo
zaka 66 kwa amuna ndi zaka 73 kwa akazi, 72% kuwerenga ndi makanda
kufa kwa anthu 29 pa obadwa amoyo 1000. Haiti, patatha zaka zambiri za thandizo la US
ndi ndondomeko zachuma zomwe Washington, IMF ndi World Bank, ili ndi a
zaka 49 kwa amuna ndi zaka 53 kwa akazi, 45% kuwerenga ndi kulemba, ndi
kufa kwa makanda 99 pa ana 1000 obadwa amoyo.
Human
kuphwanya ufulu ku Cuba kwachepa poyerekeza ndi maboma omwe amathandizidwa ndi United States.
Dipatimenti Yaboma ikutsutsa kuti "mazana a akaidi andale atsala
m'ndende zaku Cuba," pomwe US โโikukonzekera kuwonjezera thandizo lankhondo ku Colombia,
kumene omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe amaphedwa nthawi zonse komanso olimbikitsa mabungwe ambiri
kuphedwa kuposa dziko lina lililonse.
Nzika
mu US ndi kwina mochulukira kuthandizira ndondomeko zachuma zomwe
Cuba yalangidwa chifukwa cha: kuyang'ana pa zosowa za anthu ndi kupanga
chuma chapakhomo. Kutsutsa kwakukulu kwa anthu pazantchito zamakampani
kudalirana kwa mayiko kudawululidwa ndi zionetsero za bungwe la World Trade Organisation
misonkhano ku Seattle. Anthu akukonzekera kale kuzungulira dzikolo kuchita zionetsero
pa Epulo 16 misonkhano ya IMF ndi World Bank ku Washington, kuti achepetse
ndalama zamabungwewa ndikunyanyala mabanki a World Bank.
As
mayendedwe awa amakula mwamphamvu, boma lathu silidzatha
kulanga maiko omwe amachita zofuna za nzika zawo, ndi pang'ono
Anyamata sadzakhalanso ozunzidwa ndi ziletso zathu pazachuma
kudziyimira pawokha.
Robert
Namani
Wofufuza Wamkulu
Center for Economic and Policy Kafukufuku
1737 21 NW
Washington, DC 20009