Margaretta D’Arcy and Niall Farrell’s incursion onto the runway at Shannon Airport on 7th October 2012. Shanonwatch
“This is not a regular airport,” Margaretta D’Arcy said to me as we heard a C-130T Hercules prepare to take off from Shannon Airport in Ireland after 3 p.m. on September 11, 2022. That enormous U.S. Navy aircraft (registration number 16-4762) had flown in from Sigonella, a US Naval Air Station in Italy. A few minutes earlier, a US Navy C-40A (registration number 16-6696) left Shannon for the US military base at Stuttgart, Germany, after flying in from Naval Air Station Oceana in Virginia. Shannon is not a regular airport, D’Arcy said, because while it is merely a civilian airport, it allows ເລື້ອຍໆ US military planes to fly in and out of it, with Gate 42 of the airport functioning as its “forward operating base.”
ໃນອາຍຸ 88 ປີ, D'Arcy, ເຊິ່ງເປັນນັກສະແດງແລະນັກສ້າງຮູບເງົາຊາວໄອແລນທີ່ມີຊື່ສຽງ, ເປັນສະມາຊິກປົກກະຕິຂອງ Shannonwatchເຊິ່ງປະກອບດ້ວຍກຸ່ມນັກເຄື່ອນໄຫວທີ່ນັບຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2008 ໄດ້ມີການເຝົ້າລະວັງປະຈຳເດືອນຢູ່ອ້ອມຮອບສະໜາມບິນ. Shannonwatch ຂອງ ຈຸດປະສົງ are to “end U.S. military use of Shannon Airport, to stop rendition flights through the airport, and to obtain accountability for both from the relevant Irish authorities and political leaders.” Edward Horgan, a veteran of the Irish military who had been on peacekeeping missions to Cyprus and Palestine, told me that this vigil is vital. “It’s important that we come here every month,” he said, “because without this there is no visible opposition” to the footprint of the US military in Ireland.
ອີງຕາມບົດລາຍງານຈາກ Shannonwatch ທີ່ມີຫົວຂໍ້ວ່າ "ສະ ໜາມ ບິນ Shannon ແລະສົງຄາມສະຕະວັດທີ 21st,” the use of the airport as a US forward operating base began in 2002-2003, and this transformation “was, and still is, deeply offensive to the majority of Irish people.”
ມາດຕາ 29 ຂອງ ລັດຖະທໍາມະນູນຂອງໄອແລນ ປີ 1937 ວາງຂອບເຂດການເປັນກາງຂອງປະເທດ. ການອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ທະຫານຕ່າງປະເທດນໍາໃຊ້ດິນໄອແລນລະເມີດມາດຕາ 2 ຂອງ ສົນທິສັນຍາ Hague of 1907, to which Ireland is a signatory. Nonetheless, said John Lannon of Shannonwatch, the Irish government has allowed almost 3 million U.S. troops to pass through Shannon Airport since 2002 and has even assigned a permanent staff officer to the airport. “Irish airspace and Shannon Airport became the virtual property of the US war machine,” said Niall Farrell of Galway Alliance Against War. “Irish neutrality was truly dead.”
Pitstop of death
Margaretta D’Arcy’s eyes gleam as she recounts her time at the Greenham Common Women’s Peace Camp, located in Berkshire, England, and involving activists from Wales, who set up to prevent the storage and passage of US cruise missiles at this British military base. That camp ໄດ້ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ໃນປີ 1981 ແລະແກ່ຍາວເຖິງປີ 2000. D'Arcy ໄດ້ເຂົ້າຄຸກສາມຄັ້ງໃນລະຫວ່າງການຕໍ່ສູ້ນີ້ (ຈາກຈໍານວນທັງຫມົດຢ່າງຫນ້ອຍ 20 ຄັ້ງທີ່ນາງໄດ້ຢູ່ໃນຄຸກສໍາລັບການເຄື່ອນໄຫວຕ້ານສົງຄາມຂອງນາງ). ນາງບອກຂ້າພະເຈົ້າວ່າ, “ມັນເປັນການດີ, ເພາະວ່າພວກເຮົາໄດ້ກຳຈັດອາວຸດ ແລະແຜ່ນດິນກໍໄດ້ຖືກຟື້ນຟູຄືນມາໃຫ້ປະຊາຊົນ. ມັນໃຊ້ເວລາ 19 ປີ. ແມ່ຍິງໄດ້ຕໍ່ສູ້ຢ່າງສະໝໍ່າສະເໝີ ຈົນກ່ວາພວກເຮົາໄດ້ຮັບສິ່ງທີ່ພວກເຮົາຕ້ອງການ.” ເມື່ອ D'Arcy ຖືກຈັບ, ເຈົ້າ ໜ້າ ທີ່ຄຸກໄດ້ປົດນາງເພື່ອຄົ້ນຫານາງ. ນາງໄດ້ປະຕິເສດທີ່ຈະໃສ່ເຄື່ອງນຸ່ງຂອງນາງຄືນແລະໄດ້ດໍາເນີນການປະທ້ວງຄວາມອຶດຫິວແລະການປະທ້ວງ naked. ໃນການເຮັດແນວນັ້ນ, ນາງໄດ້ບັງຄັບໃຫ້ເຈົ້າຫນ້າທີ່ຄຸກຢຸດເຊົາການປະຕິບັດການຊອກຫາແຖບ. ນາງກ່າວວ່າ“ ຖ້າເຈົ້າປະຕິບັດຢ່າງມີກຽດ, ເຈົ້າບັງຄັບໃຫ້ພວກເຂົາປະຕິບັດຕໍ່ເຈົ້າດ້ວຍກຽດສັກສີ,” ນາງເວົ້າ.
Part of this act of dignity includes refusing to allow her country’s airport to be used as part of the US wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Since 2002, several brave people have entered the airport and have attempted to deface US aircraft. On September 5, 2002, Eoin Dubsky painted "ບໍ່ມີທາງໃດ” on a US warplane (for which he was fined); and then on January 29, 2003, Mary Kelly took an axe onto the runway and ມົນຕີ a military plane, causing $1.5 million in damage; she was also fined. A few weeks later, on February 3, 2003, the Pitstop Ploughshares (a group of five activists who belonged to the Catholic Worker Movement) attacked a US Navy C-40 aircraft—the same one that Mary Kelly had previously damaged—with hammers and a pickaxe (a story ອະທິບາຍ vividly ໂດຍ Harry Browne ໃນ hammered ໂດຍຊາວໄອແລນ, 2008). ພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າຍັງໄດ້ສີດ "Pitstop ຂອງຄວາມຕາຍ” ໃນ hangar ເປັນ.
ໃນປີ 2012, Margaretta D'Arcy ແລະ Niall Farrell ໄດ້ເດີນຂະບວນ ໃສ່ the runway to protest the airport being used by US planes. Arrested and convicted, they nonetheless ກັບຄືນມາ to the runway the next year in orange jumpsuits. During the court proceedings in June 2014, D’Arcy grilled the airport authorities about why they had not arrested the pilot of an armed US Hercules plane that had arrived at Shannon Airport four days after their arrest on the runway. She ຖາມ, "ມີກົດລະບຽບສອງຊຸດ - ຫນຶ່ງສໍາລັບປະຊາຊົນເຊັ່ນພວກເຮົາພະຍາຍາມຢຸດການວາງລະເບີດແລະອີກອັນຫນຶ່ງສໍາລັບຜູ້ວາງລະເບີດບໍ?" ຜູ້ກວດກາສະໜາມບິນ Shannon Pat O'Neill ຕອບວ່າ, "ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ເຂົ້າໃຈຄໍາຖາມ."
"ນີ້ແມ່ນສະຫນາມບິນພົນລະເຮືອນ," D'Arcy ບອກຂ້າພະເຈົ້າໃນຂະນະທີ່ນາງ gestures ໄປທາງແລ່ນ. "ລັດຖະບານອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ທະຫານໃຊ້ສະຫນາມບິນພົນລະເຮືອນໄດ້ແນວໃດ?"
Extraordinary renditions
The US government began illegally transporting prisoners from Afghanistan and other places to its prison in the Guantánamo Bay detention camp and to other “ສະຖານທີ່ສີດໍາ” in Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. This act of transporting the prisoners came to be known as “extraordinary rendition.” In 2005, when Dermot Ahern, Ireland’s minister for foreign affairs, was asked about the “extraordinary rendition” flights into Shannon Airport, he ກ່າວວ່າ"ຖ້າຜູ້ໃດມີຫຼັກຖານໃດໆກ່ຽວກັບການບິນເຫຼົ່ານີ້, ກະລຸນາໂທຫາຂ້ອຍແລະຂ້ອຍຈະສືບສວນມັນທັນທີ." ອົງການນິລະໂທດກຳສາກົນຕອບວ່າ ຕົນມີຫຼັກຖານໂດຍກົງວ່າ ຍົນໂດຍສານ CIA ເຖິງ 50 ລຳ ໄດ້ໃຊ້ສະໜາມບິນ Shannon ປະມານ XNUMX ຄັ້ງ. ສີ່ປີຕໍ່ມາ, Amnesty International ໄດ້ຜະລິດຢ່າງລະອຽດ ບົດລາຍງານ that showed that their earlier number was deflated and that likely hundreds of such US military flights had flown in and out of the airport.
ໃນຂະນະທີ່ລັດຖະບານໄອແລນໃນໄລຍະປີທີ່ຜ່ານມາໄດ້ເວົ້າວ່າມັນ ກົງກັນຂ້າມ ການປະຕິບັດນີ້, ຕໍາຫຼວດໄອແລນ (Garda Síochána) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຂຶ້ນເຮືອບິນເຫຼົ່ານີ້ເພື່ອກວດກາພວກເຂົາ. ໃນຖານະເປັນຜູ້ລົງນາມຂອງ ສົນທິສັນຍາຍຸໂລບກ່ຽວກັບສິດທິມະນຸດ (ລົງນາມໃນປີ 1953) ແລະ ສົນທິສັນຍາສະຫະປະຊາຊາດຕ້ານການທໍລະມານ ແລະການປະຕິບັດ ຫຼືການລົງໂທດທີ່ໂຫດຮ້າຍ, ໄຮ້ມະນຸດສະທຳ ຫຼືເຮັດໃຫ້ເສື່ອມເສຍອື່ນໆ. (adopted in 1984 and ratified in 1987), Ireland is duty-bound to prevent collaboration with “extraordinary rendition,” a position taken by the ສະພາໄອແລນເພື່ອເສລີພາບພົນລະເຮືອນ. ໃນປີ 2014, ສະມາຊິກລັດຖະສະພາໄອແລນ Mick Wallace ແລະ Clare Daly ແມ່ນ ຖືກຈັບ at Shannon Airport for trying to search two US aircraft that they believed were carrying “troops and armaments.” They were frustrated by the Irish government’s false assurances. “How do they know? Did they search the planes? Of course not,” Wallace and Daly said.
ໃນຂະນະດຽວກັນ, ອີງຕາມການ Shannonwatch ບົດລາຍງານ, “Rather than take measures to identify past involvement in rendition or to prevent further complicity, successive Irish [g]overnments have simply denied any possibility that Irish airports or airspace were used by US rendition planes.”
ໃນປີ 2006, Conor Cregan ຂີ່ລົດຖີບຂອງລາວຢູ່ໃກ້ກັບສະຫນາມບິນ Shannon. ຜູ້ກວດກາຕຳຫຼວດສະໜາມບິນ Lillian O'Shea, ຜູ້ທີ່ຮັບຮູ້ລາວຈາກການປະທ້ວງ, ໄດ້ປະເຊີນໜ້າກັບລາວ, ແຕ່ Cregan ຂີ່ລົດອອກໄປ. ລາວໄດ້ຖືກຈັບໃນທີ່ສຸດ. ໃນການທົດລອງຂອງ Cregan, O'Shea ຍອມຮັບ ວ່າ ຕໍາ ຫຼວດ ໄດ້ ຖືກ ບອກ ໃຫ້ ຢຸດ ເຊົາ ແລະ ຂົ່ມ ເຫັງ ນັກ ເຄື່ອນ ໄຫວ ຢູ່ ສະ ຫນາມ ບິນ ໄດ້ . Zoe Lawlor ຂອງ Shannonwatch ບອກຂ້າພະເຈົ້າເລື່ອງນີ້ແລະຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນເວົ້າວ່າ, "ການຂົ່ມເຫັງເຊັ່ນນີ້ເພີ່ມຄວາມສໍາຄັນຂອງການປະທ້ວງຂອງພວກເຮົາ."
In 2003 and 2015, Sinn Féin—the largest opposition party in the Northern Ireland Assembly—put forward a ກົດໝາຍວ່າດ້ວຍຄວາມເປັນກາງ ເພື່ອຮັບຮອງແນວຄວາມຄິດຂອງຄວາມເປັນກາງເຂົ້າໄປໃນລັດຖະທໍາມະນູນຂອງໄອແລນ. ລັດຖະບານ, ກ່າວວ່າ Seán Crowe ຂອງ Sinn Féin, "ໄດ້ຂາຍຄວາມເປັນກາງຂອງໄອແລນເປັນຊິ້ນສ່ວນຕໍ່ຄວາມປາດຖະຫນາຂອງປະຊາຊົນ." ຖ້າແນວຄວາມຄິດຂອງຄວາມເປັນກາງໄດ້ຖືກຮັບຮອງເອົາໂດຍຊາວໄອແລນ, ມັນຈະເປັນຍ້ອນການເສຍສະລະຂອງປະຊາຊົນເຊັ່ນ Margaretta D'Arcy, Niall Farrell, ແລະ Mary Kelly.
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