Mee America ka ọ dị mma ọzọ? Atụkwasịla obi na ya.
Ndị America họpụtara Donald Trump n'otu akụkụ ka ọ bụrụ ọkwa ọchịchị bụ ndị chere na ikike nke kwusara onwe ya kacha ike n'ụwa na-ada n'ezie - na ha ezighi ezi. Trump nwere ike ịtinye ọtụtụ ihe, mana ọ nweghị nke tweet ahụ ga-akwụsị usoro ọdịda ahụ, ma ọ bụ agha azụmaahịa na China na-ebili ma ọ bụ mmachi mmanụ siri ike na Iran.
Ị nwere ike na-eche nke a n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọbụna n'ihe banyere ndị Iran na-enwewanye nrụgide. N'ebe ahụ, na-eji otu pinprick, Onye ndu Kasị Elu Ayatollah Ali Khamenei tichara nke ọma balloon MAGA President Trump ma chetara ọtụtụ na, n'agbanyeghị ike US ka dị, ndị mmadụ na mba ndị ọzọ malitere ile America anya n'ụzọ dị iche na njedebe nke afọ iri nke abụọ narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.
Na-esochi nzukọ na Tehran ya na Prime Minista Japan Shinzo Abe, onye wetara ozi sitere na Trump na-akwado mmalite nke mkparịta ụka US na Iran, Khamenei. tweeted, “Anyị enweghị obi abụọ n'ịdị mma [Abe] na ịdị mkpa; mana gbasara ihe ị kwuru site n’aka onye isi ala US, anaghị m ewere Trump dị ka onye kwesịrị ka ya na ya na-emekọrịta ozi, enweghịkwa m azịza nye ya, agaghị m azaghachi ya n’ọdịnihu.” Ọ gbakwụnyere, sị: "Anyị kwenyere na agaghị edozi nsogbu anyị site na iso US kparịta ụka, ọ nweghị mba nweere onwe ya ga-anabata mkparịta ụka n'okpuru nrụgide."
E wedara Trump gbadara agbagọ ka ọ bụrụ tweeting nkenke: “M na-eche n'onwe m na ọ na-adịghị anya ọbụna iche banyere ime nkwekọrịta. Ha adịbeghị njikere, anyị anọghịkwa!” N'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, onyeisi oche kwụsịrị na nkeji ikpeazụ, na nlaghachi azụ na-eweda n'ala nke ukwuu, ikuku US wakporo saịtị ogbunigwe ndị Iran nke ga-enwere nsogbu ndị ọzọ na-enweghị isi maka Washington gafee Greater Middle East.
Buru n'uche na, n'ụwa niile, tupu e bibie ayatollah, ọchịchị Trump enweelarị ọdịda amụma mba ofesi abụọ jọgburu onwe ya: ọdịda nke nzukọ Hanoi nke onye isi ala ya na onye ndu North Korea Kim Jong-un (na-esochi mkpasu iwe nke ọchịchị ahụ gbagburu ọtụtụ. ogbunigwe n'ofe Oké Osimiri Japan) na mgbalị siri ike ịkwatu ọchịchị onye isi ala Venezuelan Nicolás Maduro.
America zuru ụwa ọnụ guzo na a ndekọ dị ala
Enwere ike ịkọwa ihe dị ukwuu ma ọ bụ obere n'ụzọ zuru oke ma ọ bụ nke ikwu. "ịdị ukwuu" America (ma ọ bụ "enweghị ihe"Ma ọ bụ"dị oke mkpa" ọdịdị) - nke a na-eto eto na Washington tupu oge Trump - kwesịrị ikpe ikpe megide ọganihu akụ na ụba China mere n'otu afọ ndị ahụ yana megide ọganihu Russia na ngwá agha ọgbara ọhụrụ kachasị ọhụrụ. Ụzọ ọzọ a ga-esi enyocha ọdịdị nke "ịdị ukwuu" ahụ na ihe a ga-eme ya ga-abụ site na ntuli aka nke otú ndị mba ọzọ si ele United States anya.
Were, dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyocha tọhapụrụ site na Pew Research Group na February 2019. Pasent iri anọ na ise nke ndị zara ajụjụ na mba 26 nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu chere na ike na mmetụta America bụ "ihe egwu dị ukwuu nye obodo anyị," ebe 36% nyere otu nzaghachi na Russia, na 35% na China. Iji tinye nke ahụ n'ọnọdụ, na 2013, n'oge onyeisi oche nke Barack Obama, naanị 25% nke ndị zara ajụjụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nwere echiche ọjọọ banyere US, ebe mmeghachi omume na China nọgidere bụrụ otu. Ma ọ bụ tụlee naanị obodo kachasị ike na Europe, Germany. N'agbata 2013 na 2018, ndị Germany na-atụle ike America na mmetụta dị egwu karịa nke China ma ọ bụ Russia. wuo site na 19% ruo 49%. (Ihe atụ maka France yiri ya.)
Banyere Onye isi ala Trump, naanị 27% nke ndị zara ajụjụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nwere obi ike n'ime ya ime ihe ziri ezi n'ihe gbasara ụwa, ebe 70% na-atụ egwu na ọ gaghị eme ya. Na Mexico, obi abụọ adịghị ya na ị gaghị eju gị anya ịmụta, ntụkwasị obi na onye ndu ya nọ na-egwu 6%. N'ime mba iri na asaa n'ime mba ndị a nyochara, ndị na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi n'ebe ọ nọ nwekwara yikarịrị ka US ga-abụ ihe iyi egwu kachasị n'ụwa, ihe na-apụtakarị n'etiti ndị mmekọ Washington ọdịnala dịka Canada, Great Britain na Australia.
Akara ukwu mba ụwa nke China na-agbasa
Ebe 39% nke Pew zara na ntuli aka ahụ ka gosiri US dị ka ike akụ na ụba ụwa na-eduga, 34% họọrọ China. N'otu aka ahụ, China Belt na Road Initiative (BRI) ewepụtara na 2013 iji jikọta akụrụngwa na azụmaahịa nke ọtụtụ ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia, Eurasia, na Horn nke Africa na China (na ọnụ ahịa ihe ruru ijeri dollar anọ) yana iji nweta ego site na isi mmalite dị iche iche, na-aga site n'ike ruo ike.
Otu ụzọ iji tụọ nke a: ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị isi na-aga biennial Nzukọ BRI na Beijing. Nke mbụ n'ime nnọkọ ndị ahụ na May 2017 dọtara ndị isi obodo 28 na ndị nnọchiteanya sitere na 100 mba. Nke kacha ọhụrụ, na ngwụcha Eprel, nwere ndị isi obodo 37 na ndị nnọchi anya ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba 150 na otu mba ụwa, gụnyere onye isi International Monetary Fund (IMF) Christine Lagarde na odeakwụkwọ ukwu United Nations Antonio Guterres.
Ndị isi nke itoolu n'ime 10 Association nke Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia Mba gara, dị ka anọ n'ime mba ise dị n'Ebe Etiti Eshia mere. N'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị ndú na-ekere òkè sitere na Europe. Dabere na Peter Frankopan, onye edemede nke Ụzọ ọhụrụ silk, ihe karịrị mba 80 na-etinye aka ugbu a n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ọrụ BRI. Nke ahụ tụgharịrị gaa na ihe karịrị 63% nke ndị bi n'ụwa na 29% nke mmepụta akụ na ụba zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Agbanyeghị, onye isi ala China Xi Jinping bụ nzube n'ịgbasawanye akara ukwu BRI zuru ụwa ọnụ, ihe mgbaàmà nke nrọ China maka ịdị ukwuu n'ọdịnihu. N'oge nleta steeti ụbọchị abụọ nke February na Beijing site na Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Xi tụrụ aro na, mgbe ọ bịara na atụmatụ akụ na ụba nke Riyadh nwere oke oke, "mba anyị kwesịrị ime ngwa ngwa mbinye aka nke atụmatụ mmejuputa na ijikọ Belt na Initiative Road na Saudi Vision 2030. "
N'ịbụ onye nwere mmasị na atụmatụ a, onye isi okpueze kwadoro ya Ojiji China ji ogige “agụmakwụkwọ ọzọ” maka ndị Alakụba Uighur na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke Xinjiang, na-ekwu na ọ bụ “ikike” nke Beijing ịrụ ọrụ mgbochi iyi ọha egwu iji chekwaa nchekwa obodo. N'okpuru mkpuchi nke ịlụso extremism ọgụ, ndị ọchịchị China etinyela atụmatụ otu nde Ndị Alakụba Uighur nọ n'ogige ndị dị otú ahụ ga-enweta ọzụzụ ọzọ e mere iji jiri ụdị socialism nke China dochie ihe nketa Islam ha. Otu ndị Uighur arịọla Prince bin Salman ka o mee ihe ha mere. Ọ dịghị chi ọma dị otú ahụ: otu ihe ịrịba ama nke ịrị elu nke China na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.
China so America bata n'ọsọ teknụzụ dị elu
N'afọ 2013, gọọmentị German wepụtara otu Ụlọ ọrụ 4.0 Atụmatụ Ezubere ijikọ sistemu anụ ahụ nke cyber, ịntanetị nke ihe, igwe igwe ojii, na kọmpụta ọgụgụ isi na ebumnuche ịbawanye nrụpụta nrụpụta ihe ruru 50%, ebe ị na-ebelata akụrụngwa chọrọ ọkara. Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, na-eṅomi ọrụ a, Beijing bipụtara afọ 10 nke ya Emere na China 2025 atụmatụ imelite ntọala nrụpụta nke obodo site na mmepe ngwa ngwa 10 ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ dị elu, gụnyere ụgbọ ala eletrik na ụgbọ ala ndị ọzọ na-enye ume ọhụrụ, teknụzụ ozi na teknụzụ na-esote ọgbọ, yana robotics dị elu na ọgụgụ isi, injin ikuku, akụrụngwa ụgbọ oloko dị elu. , na injinia ụgbọ mmiri dị elu.
Dịka ọ dị na BRI, gọọmentị na mgbasa ozi wee gbasaa ma kwalite Mede in China 2025 ike. Nke a kpasuru ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ dị elu Washington na America ụjọ. N'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, ụlọ ọrụ Amerịka mere mkpesa banyere izu ohi nke China na akụ ọgụgụ isi US, adịgboroja nke ụdị ndị a ma ama, na izu ohi nke nzuzo azụmahịa, ọ bụghị ikwu maka nrụgide nke ụlọ ọrụ America na njikọ aka na ụlọ ọrụ obodo iji kesaa teknụzụ dị ka ọnụ ahịa. maka ịnweta nnukwu ahịa China. Mkpesa ha bịara pụta ìhè mgbe Donald Trump banyere na White House kpebisiri ike ibelata mwepu ahia ahia Washington kwa afọ nke ijeri $380 na Beijing.
Dịka onye isi ala, Trump nyere iwu ka onye nnọchi anya azụmaahịa ọhụrụ ya, Sinophobe Robert Lighthizer, leba anya n'okwu a. Ihe kpatara ọnwa asaa nyocha kwadoro mfu ụlọ ọrụ US nwetara n'ihi omume azụmaahịa na-ezighi ezi nke China na ijeri $50 kwa afọ. Ọ bụ ya mere, na March 2018, President Trump gwara Lighthizer ga-atụ ụtụ isi na opekata mpe ijeri $50 nke mbubata ndị China.
Nke ahụ gosipụtara mmalite nke agha azụmahịa nke Sino-American nke na-enweta naanị uzuoku kemgbe. N'okwu a, ndị ọrụ China malitere na-eweda uru nke emere na China 2025, na-akọwa ya dị ka ihe ọ bụla karịa atụmatụ mkpali. Machị a, ndị omeiwu mba China gafere iwu itinye ego ozugbo nke mba ofesi pụtara iji lebara ụfọdụ mkpesa nke ụlọ ọrụ US. Otú ọ dị, usoro mmejuputa ya adịghị ike. Trump ozugbo ẹkedọhọ na China laghachiri azụ na nkwa ya itinye n'ime iwu China mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama nke mba abụọ ahụ kwurịtara ma tinye n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta iji kwụsị agha ahia ahia. Ọ makwara tarifu ọzọ $ 200 ijeri na mbubata ndị China.
Isi ọkpụkpụ nke esemokwu maka ọchịchị Trump bụ iwu ndị China na-akọwapụta na, na njikọ aka n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ mba ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ China, onye nke mbụ ga-ebufe onye China ya na ya na-emekọ ihe na nkà na ụzụ. A na-ahụ nke ahụ dị ka izu ohi nke Washington. Dabere na Senior Fellow na Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Yukon Huang, onye edemede nke Ịgbawa Mgbakọ China: Ihe kpatara Amamihe Akụ na ụba nke Mgbakọ ji ezighi eziOtú ọ dị, ọ dabara n'ụzọ zuru ezu ụkpụrụ nduzi anabatara n'ụwa nile. Mgbasa dị otú ahụ nke ịma nkà na ụzụ ekerewo òkè dị ukwuu n'ịkwọ ụgbọala n'ụwa nile, dị ka akụkọ IMF 2018 World Economic Outlook mere ka o doo anya. Ọ dịkwa mma ịmara na China ugbu a na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke uto akụ na ụba ụwa kwa afọ.
The size nke China ahịa bụ ukwuu na na bilie N'ime ọnụ ahịa ụlọ ya kwa onye ọ bụla - site na $ 312 na 1980 ruo $ 9,769 na 2018 - nke ukwuu nke ukwuu nke na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ US na-anabatakarị iwu mmekọ ọnụ nke ogologo oge na nke ahụ ekwesịghị iju onye ọ bụla anya. N'afọ gara aga, dịka ọmụmaatụ, General Motors rere Ụgbọ ala 3,645,044 dị na China na ihe na-erughị nde atọ na US Ka a sịkwa ihe mere na, ná ngwụsị afọ gara aga, na-esote GM osisi mmechi n'ofe North America, akụkụ nke a dịgasị iche iche nhazigharị atụmatụ, njikwa ụlọ ọrụ. egeghị ntị na iyi egwu sitere n'aka Onye isi ala Trump iwepụ GM ego enyemaka gọọmentị ọ bụla. Ihe kpasuru onye isi ala iwe, ka ọ na-ede tweet, jidere eziokwu nke oge a: ọ nweghị ihe "emechiri na Mexico na China."
Ihe Trump na-enweghị ike ịnakwere bụ nke a: ka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ nke nhazigharị ihe nrụnye na njikọta akụ na ụba ụwa, China abụrụla. na isi ụlọ ọrụ na-eweta maka United States na Europe. Mgbalị ya ime America ka ọ dị ukwuu site na iweghachi ọnọdụ akụ na ụba mbụ tupu 2001 - afọ a nabatara China na World Trade Organisation - ga-adarịrị.
N'ezie, agha ahia ma ọ bụ udo, China na-amalite ugbu a karịa US na sayensị na teknụzụ. A ọmụmụ Nke Qingnan Xie nke Mahadum Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ Nanjing na Richard Freeman nke Mahadum Harvard kwuru na, n'agbata afọ 2000 na 2016, òkè China zuru ụwa ọnụ nke akwụkwọ na sayensị anụ ahụ, injinia, na mgbakọ na mwepụ mụbara okpukpu anọ na, n'ime usoro a, karịrị nke US. maka oge mbụ.
N'ihe gbasara teknụzụ dị elu, dịka ọmụmaatụ, China nọ n'ihu ugbu a karịa United States azụmahịa ịkwụ ụgwọ ekwentị. N'ime ọnwa 10 mbụ nke 2017, ndị ahụ ruru $ 12.8 trillion, nsonaazụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị na-azụ ahịa na-atụfu kaadị kredit maka usoro enweghị ego. N'ụzọ dị nnọọ iche, dị ka eMarketer si kwuo, azụmahịa ịkwụ ụgwọ mkpanaka America na 2017 ruru ijeri $49.3. Afọ gara aga, 583 nde ndị China eji usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ ekwentị, yana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 68% nke ndị ọrụ ịntanetị China na-atụgharị na obere akpa mkpanaka maka ịkwụ ụgwọ na-anọghị n'ịntanetị.
Ngwá agha dị elu nke Russia
N'otu aka ahụ, n'ọgbọ ya na-adịghị agwụ agwụ maka ngwa agha "mara mma" nke America, Onye isi ala Trump aghọtaghị nnukwu ọganihu Russia nwere na mpaghara ahụ.
Ka ọ na-egosi vidiyo na nleba anya nke ngwa ọgụ bọọlụ ọhụrụ nke etiti mba ụwa, ngwa agha ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike nuklia, na drones dị n'okpuru mmiri na adreesị telivishọn March 2018, Onye isi ala Russia Vladimir Putin nyochara mmepe nke ngwa ọgụ ọhụrụ nke obodo ya na mkpebi Washington iwepu na 1972. Nkwekọrịta Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) na Soviet Union. Na Disemba 2001, nke John Bolton gbara ume, mgbe ahụ n'okpuru odeakwụkwọ nke steeti maka njikwa ngwá agha na nchekwa mba ụwa, President George W. Bush nwere n'ezie n'ezie. wepụrụ site na 1972 ABM nkwekọrịta na spurious mgbakwasị na 9/11 ọgụ agbanweela ọdịdị nke agbachitere America. Onye otu ya na Rọshịa n'oge ahụ, otu Vladimir Putin, kọwara mwepu na isi nkuku nke nchekwa ụwa dị ka nnukwu mmejọ. Onye isi ndị agha Russia, General Anatoly Kvashnin, dọrọ aka ná ntị mgbe ahụ na ndọpụ ahụ ga-agbanwe ọdịdị nke nguzozi atụmatụ mba ụwa, na-ahapụ mba dị iche iche ịmaliteghachi nrụpụta ngwa agha, ma nke mbụ na nke nuklia.
Dị ka o mere, ọ pụghị ịbụ karịa na akara ahụ. US na-etinye aka na afọ 30 ugbu a, trillion-dollar-gbakwunyere megharia na imelite ngwa agha nuklia ya, ebe ndị Russia (ndị nwere ngwa agha nuklia 6,500 ugbu a karịa nke America) agbaala n'ụzọ yiri nke ahụ. N'okwu ya na televishọn nke ya n'abalị nke ntuli aka onye isi ala Russia 2018, Ndepụta nke Putin Sarmat na-eduzi ngwa agha nuklia ọhụrụ, ogbunigwe ogbunigwe 30-ton intercontinental ballistic, nke a na-ekwu na ọ na-esiri onye iro ike igbochi ya n'oge kachasị ike ozugbo ọ malitechara. Ọ na-ebukwa isi agha nuklia ka ukwuu karịa nke bu ya ụzọ.
Ngwa agha ọhụrụ ọzọ dị na ndepụta ya bụ drone intercontinental n'okpuru mmiri dị n'okpuru mmiri nke nuklia, Ọnọdụ-6, ụgbọ ala kwụpụrụ n'okpuru mmiri nke nwere oke kilomita 6,800, nke nwere ike ibu isi agha nuklia megaton 100. Ma mgbe ahụ, e nwere mba ya ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ogbunigwe nke nwere ike nuklia nwere oke “na-akparaghị ókè”. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, n'ihi ikike nzuzo ya, ọ ga-esi ike ịchọpụta na ụgbọ elu na oke ọrụ ya ga-eme ka ọ ghara ime ihe nchebe nke onye iro. A nwalere nke ọma na 2018, o nwebeghị aha. N'atụghị egwu, Putin meriri onye isi ala na 77% nke votu, 13% bilitere site na ntuli aka gara aga, na ndekọ ntuli aka nke 67.7%.
N'iji ngwá agha a na-ejikarị eme ihe, ngwá agha S-400 nke Rọshịa ka bụ nke a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha. Dabere na Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Ngwá Agha nke dabeere na Washington, "Sistemụ S-400 bụ usoro nchebe dị elu, mkpanaka, nke elu na ikuku nke radar na ngwa agha dị iche iche, nke nwere ike ibibi ụdị dị iche iche dị ka ụgbọ elu ọgụ, bọmbụ, na bọmbụ. kenkwucha ballistic akụ. Batrị ọ bụla na-enwekarị ihe mgbapụ asatọ, ngwa agha 112, yana ụgbọ ala iwu na nkwado. " Ngwa agha S-400 nwere a nso nke kilomita 400 (kilomita 250), na usoro ya agbakwunyere kwenyere na ọ nwere ike igbatu ihe ruru 80 n'otu oge.
Tụlee ya dị ka ihe ịrịba ama nke oge, ma na nkwenye nke nrụgide sitere n'aka ọchịchị Trump ka ọ ghara ịzụta ngwá agha Russia, Onye isi ala Recep Tayyip Erdogan nke Turkey, nanị onye Alakụba na NATO, nyere iwu Ịzụta batrị nke ngwa agha S-400 ahụ. A na-azụ ndị agha Turkey ugbu a na usoro ngwa agha ahụ na Russia. A na-atụ anya batrị nke mbụ ga-abata na Turkey n'ọnwa na-abịa.
N'otu aka ahụ, na April 2015, Russia banye nkwekọrịta ịnye ngwa agha S-400 ka China. Mbufe mbụ nke usoro ahụ mere na Jenụwarị 2018 na China nwalere ya n'August.
Njikọ Beijing-Moscow na-agbasawanye
Tụlee nke ahụ dị ka nzọụkwụ ọzọ na nhazi ndị agha Russia-Chinese pụtara ịgbagha nzọrọ Washington na ọ bụ naanị ike ụwa. N'otu aka ahụ, na Septemba gara aga, ndị agha China 3,500 sonyere na mgbatị agha kachasị ukwuu nke Russia nke gụnyere ndị agha 300,000, ụgbọ agha ndị agha 36,000, ụgbọ mmiri 80, na ụgbọ elu 1,000, helikopta, na drones. Akpọrọ aha Vostok-2018, o weere ọnọdụ n'ofe buru ibu nke gụnyere Oké Osimiri Bering, Oké Osimiri Okhotsk, na Oké Osimiri Japan. Ka a sịkwa ihe mere ndị ọrụ NATO ji kọwara Vostok-2018 dị ka ngosipụta nke nleba anya Russia na-eto eto na esemokwu buru ibu n'ọdịnihu: "Ọ dabara n'usoro anyị hụworo n'oge ụfọdụ - Russia na-ekwusi ike karị, na-abawanye mmefu ego nchekwa ya na ọnụnọ ndị agha ya." Putin gara mmega ahụ mgbe mba ọgbakọ akụ na ụba na Vladivostok ebe Onye isi ala China Xi bụ ọbịa ya. "Anyị nwere mmekọrịta ntụkwasị obi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nchekwa na nchekwa," ka o kwuru, ebe Xi toro ọbụbụenyi nke mba abụọ a, nke, o kwuru, "na-esiwanye ike mgbe niile."
N'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe, Russia na China na-arụkwa ọrụ ugbu a na Arctic na-agbaze ngwa ngwa. N'afọ gara aga, Russia, nke na-achịkwa ihe karịrị ọkara ụsọ oké osimiri Arctic. zitere ụgbọ mmiri mbụ ya na-agafe n'okporo ụzọ Oke Osimiri Ugwu na-enweghị icebreaker n'oge oyi. Putin toro oge ahụ dị ka "nnukwu ihe omume na mmeghe nke Arctic."
Amụma Arctic nke Beijing, nke mbụ atọrọ na Jenụwarị 2018, kọwara China dị ka steeti “akụkụ Arctic dị nso” wee hụ ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri ga-eme n'ọdịnihu dị ka akụkụ nke “Polar Silk Road” ọhụrụ nwere ike ịba uru maka nrigbu akụ yana maka ịkwalite nchekwa ndị China. Mbupu ngwongwo gaa na site na Europe site n'ụzọ dị otú ahụ ga-ebelata anya na China site na 30% ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụzọ mmiri dị ugbu a site na Malacca Straits na Suez Canal, na-azọpụta ọtụtụ narị puku dollar kwa njem.
Dị ka US Geological Survey si kwuo, Arctic esetịpụ Nchekwa mmanụ ala ruru ijeri barel mmanụ 412, ma ọ bụ ihe dị ka pasentị iri abụọ na abụọ nke hydrocarbon ndị a na-achọpụtabeghị n'ụwa. Ọ nwekwara ihe nkwụnye ego nke ọla ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe. Ụgbọ mmiri Arctic nke China nke abụọ, Xuelong 2 (Snow Dragọn 2), a na-ahazi njem njem mbụ ya ma emechaa n'afọ a. Russia chọrọ itinye ego ndị China iji wepụta akụ ndị sitere n'okike n'okpuru permafrost ya. N'ezie, China bụ ugbua nnukwu mba ọzọ investor na oru ngo nke ikuku gas (LNG) nke Russia na mpaghara - na mbupu LNG nke mbu bu ebuga na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ China n'oge ọkọchị gara aga site na Ụzọ North Sea. Nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ya amalitela ịgbanye gas na mmiri Russia n'akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ Russia Gazprom.
Washington na-ama jijiji. N'April, na akụkọ ọhụrụ ya kwa afọ nye Congress na ikike agha China, Pentagon maka oge mbụ gụnyere ngalaba na Arctic, ịdọ aka ná ntị banyere ihe ize ndụ nke ọnụnọ China na-eto eto na mpaghara ahụ, gụnyere mba ahụ nwere ike ibuga ụgbọ mmiri okpuru mmiri nuklia n'ebe ahụ n'ọdịnihu. Na May, Secretary nke State Mike Pompeo ji nzukọ nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ na Rovaniemi, Finland, wakpo China maka "omume ike" ya na Arctic.
N'okwu mbụ, Pompeo kwuru na, site na 2012 ruo 2017, China tinyere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ijeri $ 90 na mpaghara Arctic. O kwuru, "Anyị nwere nchegbu maka nkwupụta Russia maka mmiri mba ụwa nke ụzọ oke osimiri nke Northern, gụnyere atụmatụ ya ekwuputara ọhụrụ iji jikọọ ya na okporo ụzọ Silk Maritime nke China," ka o kwuru. Mgbe ahụ, ọ rụtụrụ aka na, n'ụzọ ahụ, "Moscow arịọlarị mba ndị ọzọ n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị ka ha rịọ maka ikike ịgafe, chọrọ ka ndị na-anya ụgbọ mmiri Russia banye n'ụgbọ mmiri mba ọzọ, na-eyikwa egwu iji ike agha imikpu onye ọ bụla na-emezughị ihe ha chọrọ."
Ọdakpọ America na-aga n'ihu
N'ozuzu, njigide agha na mmekọrịta akụ na ụba n'etiti Russia na China etinyela America na nchekwa, megidere nkwa MAGA Donald Trump nye ndị ntuli aka America na mkpọsa 2016. Ọ bụ eziokwu na, n'agbanyeghị mmekọrịta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke akụ na ụba dị n'etiti Washington na Moscow, mmekọrịta Trump na Putin ka dị mma. (Ndị abụọ oge mgbanwe enyi na enyi na ekwentị oku.) Ma n'etiti ndị Russia ọzọ n'ozuzu, a mma echiche nke US dara site na 41% na 2017 ruo 26% na 2018, dị ka nyocha Pew Research si kwuo.
Ọ dịghị ihe ọhụrụ banyere ike dị ukwuu, ọbụna nke kwusara onwe ya ndị kasị ukwuu na akụkọ ihe mere eme, na-adada mgbe ọ rịgoro elu. N'oge ọgba aghara anyị, nke ahụ bụ eziokwu nke kwesịrị iburu n'uche. Ka ọ na-ebuli mbo ya maka ntuli aka ọzọ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Trump tụrụ aro okwu ọhụrụ na-enweghị atụ: "Debe America Great”(Ma ọ bụ KAG), dị ka a ga-asị na o buliri elu America n'ezie mgbe ọ nọ n'ọchịchị. Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-anọrịrịrịrị na ebumnuche, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ tụrụ aro isiokwu bụ "Depress America More" (ma ọ bụ DAM) iji gosipụta eziokwu nke onyeisi oche na-enweghị mmasị onye na-eche ihu na-ebili ike dị ukwuu ndị na-asọ mpi ná mba ọzọ.
Dilip Hiro, a TomDispatch mgbe nile, bụ onye edemede nke Mgbe Alaeze Ukwu gasịrị: Ọmụmụ ụwa nke Multipolar n'etiti ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ. Akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ya bụ Agha Nzuzo na ụwa islam: Saudi Arabia, Iran na mgba maka ịdị elu (nke o dekọtara pọdkastị a).
Edemede a pụtara na TomDispatch.com, weblog nke National Institute of the Nation, nke na-enye usoro isi mmalite, akụkọ na echiche sitere n'aka Tom Engelhardt, onye nchịkọta akụkọ ogologo oge na mbipụta, onye na-arụkọ ọrụ nke Alaeze Ukwu America, onye dere akwụkwọ. Ọgwụgwụ nke omenala mmeri, dịka nke akwụkwọ akụkọ, Ụbọchị Ikpeazụ nke mbipụta. Akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ya bụ A Nation Unmade By War (Haymarket Books).
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