Me nā mea weliweli a pau i kēia manawa i nā poʻomanaʻo, ua uku liʻiliʻi ka honua i ka ʻumi o ka makahiki o ka luku ʻia ʻana o Iulai 1995 o 8,000 ma ke kūlanakauhale hikina o Bosnia ʻo Srebrenica ma hope o ka hoʻopio ʻia ʻana e nā pūʻali kipi Serb. Ua kau ʻia nā wahine, nā keiki a me nā ʻelemakule o ke kūlanakauhale ma luna o nā kaʻa me ka pū a kipaku ʻia i ka ʻāina paʻa i ke aupuni Bosnia. Akā, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kāne makua a mālama ʻia e nā pūʻali Serb no ka "niu ʻana."
ʻO ko lākou wahi i lilo ai i kumu no ka hoʻokolokolo honua e hoʻohua nei i nā hua ʻino - he mau tausani o nā kupapaʻu i ʻeli ʻia mai nā lua kupapaʻu nui, i mālama ʻia ma nā hale morgue o Bosnia, kahi e alakaʻi ai nā hui honua i ka hana lugubrious o ka ʻike DNA, hoʻohālikelike i nā mea genetic mai nā iwi me nā laʻana i hāʻawi ʻia. e na hoahanau o ka poe i nalowale. Ua ʻike ʻia ma kahi o 2,000 o ka poʻe i make, e hōʻike ana ka International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP). Ua kapa ʻia ka pepehi kanaka ʻo ʻEulopa ʻoi loa mai ke Kaua Honua II.
ʻO ke alakaʻi o ka Bosnia Serb Republic (ʻo ia ke kūʻokoʻa de facto i kēia manawa ma lalo o kahi kuʻikahi maluhia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka US ma hope koke iho o ka
pepehi kanaka) ua noiʻi ʻia hoʻi, haʻi aku a kalahala no ka hewa. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia he 19 mau kānaka e ka International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia (ICTY) no ka luku ʻana iā Srebrenica, a ʻo 16 i kēia manawa e paʻa nei ma The Hague. ʻEkolu mau koa Serb Bosnia i ʻae i ka hewa i ka nui o nā hoʻopiʻi kūʻē iā lākou.
Akā ʻo ka "progressive" Z Magazine, a me kāna hoʻolaha pūnaewele ʻo ZNet, e hōʻailona i ka makahiki o Srebrenica ma ka holo ʻana i kahi ʻāpana lōʻihi e Edward S.
ʻO Herman (kekahi o nā poʻe aloha aloha o ka ʻAmelika a me ka mea kākau inoa ʻo Noam Chomsky i hoʻokahi manawa) e ʻōlelo ana ʻaʻole i hiki mai ka pepehi kanaka-a i ʻole ua hoʻonui ʻia, a i ʻole ua kūpono ka poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia. E like me ka hapa nui o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa genocide-apologist, ʻaʻole i wehewehe ka ʻāpana i kāna mau manaʻo hoʻopaʻapaʻa: waiho wale ia i ka mea heluhelu ʻike ʻole me ka manaʻo paʻa ʻole akā ikaika ka mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ua pepehi ʻia ma Srebrenica he dupe o ka propaganda imperialist.
ʻO ka ʻāpana, i kapa ʻia ʻo "The Politics of the Srebrenica Massacre," e hoʻopau ana i kāna hapa mua me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana e pono ke kau ʻia ka hihia i loko o ka "context" o ka "convenience" o ka luku ʻana i ka poʻe Muslim Bosnia, ka mea i ʻimi i ke komo ʻana o ka pūʻali koa Komohana e kūʻē i ka Serb pūʻali koa. Ua ʻike ʻo Herman i kahi kaula o nā hana ʻino "maʻalahi" i pili i ka Serbs, e like me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ka hale kūʻai o Sarajevo, e hōʻike ana ua "hoʻolālā ʻia a hana ʻia lākou e nā Mahometa Bosnia." ʻO ka mea hoʻohenehene, ʻo nā kānalua (ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo) i ʻōlelo ʻia e Herman i ke kākoʻo ʻana i kēia kuhi ʻana mai nā pūʻali koa US a me nā kumu aupuni. ʻAʻole hōʻike ʻo Herman i ka "ʻoluʻolu" o ia mau hoʻopiʻi i kahi Pentagon i makemake ʻole e uwao e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka pūʻali kipi Serb e ʻoki i kona hānau ʻana ʻo ia ka lāhui mua alakaʻi Muslim o ʻEulopa.
ʻO kahi footnote no ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua pana ke aupuni Bosnia i kona poʻe ponoʻī ma Sarajevo he loulou pūnaewele no kahi hōʻike 1997 mai ka US Senate Republican Policy Committee—ʻoluʻolu loa i ka ʻike ʻana i ka poʻe hema e hana like me ko lākou mau ʻenemi kūloko. ʻO kēia ʻaoʻao, ma ka liʻiliʻi, e haʻi ana i kekahi mau moʻolelo media ʻEulopa e koi ana i nā noiʻi huna UN ua hoʻoholo ʻo nā pūpū i pā i ka mākeke o Sarajevo mai nā laina aupuni o Bosnia. Akā ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia nā haʻawina ponoʻī, a i kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻo kēia mau hoʻouka ʻana he hapa wale nō o ka 10,000 mau kamaʻāina Sarajevo i pepehi ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻopuni ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale ʻekolu a me ka hapa e nā Serbs. Eia kekahi, inā paha i hoʻopunipuni ʻia kēia mau hoʻouka ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hoʻopunipuni ʻia ʻana o ka luku nui ʻana o Srebrenica-a ʻaʻole naʻe ʻo Republicans i ʻaʻa e ʻōlelo i kēlā. ʻO ia naʻe (ʻaʻole maopopo, ʻo ia ka mea e koi ai i ka wiwo ʻole) ka mea a Herman i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ai. ʻO kēia laina o ka noʻonoʻo (inā paha mākou e ʻoluʻolu iā ia) ua like ia me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ʻaʻole i hiki mai kaʻu Lai no ka mea he "maʻalahi" ia i ka NLF.
ʻO ka mea kupanaha loa, ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo kēia manaʻo pseudo-noʻonoʻo i loko o ka ʻaelike maluhia ma hope o Srebrenica i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka Clinton White House, ua koi ʻia ke aupuni Bosnia e hāʻawi i ka mana kūpono o ka hapa nui o kāna ʻāina aupuni i nā ʻāpana kipi Serb a me Croat. a laila ua loaʻa i kahi uhi o ka legitimacy. ʻO ka heluhelu pololei ʻana i ke kūlana e hōʻike ana i nā hana ʻino i ʻoi aku ka "maʻalahi" i nā Serbs, e kōkua ana i ke koi ʻana i ke aupuni Bosnia e ʻae i kēia mau ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka hewa, me he mea lā, ke uku nei.
Ke huli hope ʻo Herman i ka mīkini maoli o ka pepehi kanaka, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui a Herman me he mea lā ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia nā "wahi palekana" i manaʻo ʻia e UN e like me Srebrenica, no laila (hou, implicitly) ua ʻāpono ʻia nā Serbs i ka lanakila ʻana iā lākou a me ka luku ʻana iā 8,000 ka hapanui o nā pio kaua kīwila. (ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hōʻike i ka huhū no ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana o ka poʻe mālama maluhia ʻo Dutch UN i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka wā i lanakila ai nā Serbs i ke kūlanakauhale.) Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Srebrenica ma ke ʻano he kahua hoʻokūkū no ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kauhale Serb kahi i pepehi ʻia ai a hiki i hoʻokahi tausani kanaka kīwila i nā makahiki ʻekolu. ma mua o ka luku ʻana—he ʻōlelo i kākau ʻia i ka wāwae i kahi hōʻike mai ka ʻelele UN o Yugoslavia, me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo iki he mea kānalua paha kēia no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. He mea hoʻohenehene loa kēia no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōlelo a ke alakaʻi Bosnia he wahaheʻe. Hāʻawi ʻo Herman iā mākou me nā moʻolelo weliweli e pili ana i nā hana ʻino i hana ʻia e Nasir Oric, he luna Muslim ma Srebrenica. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau mea i nā kumu hilinaʻi ʻē aʻe, akā ʻike ʻole ʻo Herman i ka "context" maopopo loa (e hoʻohana i kāna huaʻōlelo punahele)–Ua lanakila nā pūʻali kipi Serb ma kahi o 70% o Bosnia i kēlā manawa, kipaku aku i nā kamaʻāina Muslim, haʻalele iā Srebrenica a ua hoʻopilikia ʻia kekahi mau kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole kēia e hoʻokuʻu iā Oric mai ka makau, akā kuhikuhi ia i nā kūlana lua weliweli a Herman.
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa lua a Herman (ʻoi aku ka maopopo inā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka ʻoiaʻiʻo) ʻo nā kino i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka poʻe i pepehi ʻia ʻo Srebrenica i ʻeli ʻia mai kekahi mau lua kupapaʻu a puni ʻo Bosnia hikina ma mua o nā "kupapau nui" ma Srebrenica. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka pūnaewele ICMP e haʻi iā Herman ma muli o nā luna Serb e kauoha ana i nā kino e ʻeli ʻia a kanu hou ʻia ma nā wahi i hoʻopuehu ʻia e hūnā i nā hōʻike o ka hewa. Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia ʻike e ka hoʻokolokolo ponoʻī a ka Serb Republic i ka pepehi kanaka-ʻo ia ka mea i puka mai, i hana maoli ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole, me ke kanu hou ʻana i nā lua lua me ka manaʻo e hoʻohui i ka huikau. ʻO Herman, ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka nīnau ma mua o ke alakaʻi ʻana o Bosnia Serb, hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻike hou ʻana ma ke ʻano he "kūʻokoʻa ʻole."
Ma hope aʻe, huli ʻo Herman i ka hoʻopunipuni kahiko genocide-apologist o ka fudging i nā helu. Alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka mea heluhelu ma o ka helu helu somersaults e "hōʻoia"
ina he 8,000 i pepehiia, ina ua oi aku ka heluna kanaka o Srebrenica mamua o kona 37,000 maoli. Eia naʻe, loaʻa i ka ICMP kahi waihona o 7,800 i helu ʻia e nalowale ana mai Srebrenica. Ua haku wale ʻia kēia mau inoa? (E leʻaleʻa ka poʻe pā o ia ʻano pseudo-demographic sophistry ma ka Holocaust revisionist websites.)
A laila huli ʻo ia i kahi kūlana ʻē aʻe o ka genocide-apologist set: me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ʻaʻole i pepehi ʻia ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i make akā ua pepehi ʻia i ke kaua. Kūʻē kēia i ka hōʻike a ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma ka ICTY. Ua ʻae ʻo Momir Nikolic, ke poʻo o ka naʻauao ma ka Bratunac Brigade, kekahi o nā pūʻulu Serb ma Srebrenica, i kāna kuleana i ka pepehi kanaka, me ka haʻi ākea ʻana "e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kāne Muslim kino i loko o ka lehulehu o nā makaʻāinana Muslim ... pepehi ʻia ma hope koke iho. Ua haʻi ʻia iaʻu ʻo koʻu kuleana ke kōkua i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a hoʻonohonoho i kēia hana.
Ua nīnau ʻia ka hōʻike a Nikolic e ka ʻae ʻana ua hoʻohiki ʻo ia iā ia iho ma hope o kāna ʻōlelo hoʻopiʻi, ua wikiwiki ka lehulehu e hōʻole i ka pepehi kanaka-ʻoiai he mea pohihihi ke kumu e hana ai ʻo ia pēlā, a ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kūʻē iā ia iho i nā kauoha kumu. ʻo ia wale nō kāna kuleana i ka hoʻokō ʻana iā lākou. Akā he nui nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia e nā kūʻē like ʻole. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Dragan Obrenovic, ka mea hoʻopiʻi pū o Nikolic, ua loaʻa iā ia nā kauoha e kiʻi ʻia nā paʻahao e kiʻi ʻia, a wehewehe i ka pepehi ʻana i nā kikoʻī pili i kāna ʻae kūhelu. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i kekahi manawa ua huhū kekahi luna koa ʻoiai ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ka pūʻulu hope loa o nā pio i ka pā e pepehi ʻia ai, akā ua pepehi ʻia ma laila ma ke kula a ʻo kāna mau kānaka (ka 6th Battalion Rear Services) e hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ka haunaele ma ke kula, me ka lawe ʻana i nā kino i ka dam. ʻO Bosnia Serb Army infantryman Drazen Erdemovic (ʻo ia ka mea i hāʻawi manawaleʻa mua i kona hewa i ka poʻe nūpepa haole a noi aku i ko lākou kōkua i ka holo ʻana iā Bosnia) haʻi waimaka i ka ʻaha i kona komo ʻana i ka pepehi kanaka. “Pono wau e hana. Ina ua hoole au, ina ua make pu au me ka poe i hoehaia."
Ua kākoʻo pū ʻia kēia mau moʻolelo e nā hōʻike forensic: ua ʻeli ka poʻe noiʻi o ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo i nā haneli o nā pani maka a me nā ligature me nā kino, a i nā manawa he nui nā lima i nakinaki ʻia ma hope o ke kua. Ua loaʻa pū i nā loea foresnic nā hōʻike o ke kanu hou ʻana, e like me nā ʻāpana o ke kino hoʻokahi i nā lua kupapaʻu. ʻAʻole paha kēia he hōʻoia paʻa loa ua pepehi ʻia nā 8,000 a pau i ke koko anuanu–akā he manaʻo maoli nō ia, a ke hōʻike nei ia i ka manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole o Herman ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻi.
Ke kiʻi nui nei ʻo Herman i kāna ʻike (a me kāna loiloi
wale nō) mai ka Serb extremists ua ʻike ʻia mai kāna mau huaʻōlelo. Hoʻohana mau ʻo ia i ka acronym BMA, no "Bosnian Muslim Army," e kuhikuhi i ka pūʻali koa aupuni o Bosnia. ʻO ka inoa kūhelu ʻo ka pūʻali koa o ka Repubalika o Bosnia a me Herzegovina (ARBiH), a (he ʻokoʻa me ka "Bosnian Serb Army" o Bosnia's "Serb Republic") he ʻano lāhui, ʻaʻole "Muslim." He huaʻōlelo hoʻolaha ʻo BMA, a ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana iā ia me he mea lā he inoa kūpono ke alakaʻi hewa loa.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, hana nui ʻo Herman i ka mea āna i kapa ai ʻo Pelekikena Alija ʻo "Izetbegovic pili pili me Osama bin Laden," pehea ke aupuni Bosnia i hāʻawi ai iā "Al Qaeda i paepae ma nā Balkans." ʻAʻole kēia he ʻakaʻaka. ʻO ka ZNet hoʻokahi e noi ana iā mākou e manaʻoʻiʻo (ma kahi ʻāpana Jan. 13 na Robert Scheer-nona ka inoa ZNet mis-spells) ʻo "Al Qaeda [he] Bush Boogeyman wale nō" e paʻi i ka hoʻopunipuni hilahila ʻole e pili ana i ka hoʻoweliweli Islam ma Bosnia. Manaʻo wau he "boogeyman" wale nō ʻo al-Qaeda i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ai ʻo ia i nā mokulele i New York skyscrapers a puhi paha i nā kaʻaahi ma Ladana a me Madrid, akā lilo koke ia i mea maoli ke hōʻaiʻē ʻo ia i kekahi mau mujahedeen e pale i ke aupuni kūpono o Bosnia lehulehu mai kahi kipi fascist kānāwai ʻole. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻo Herman i kahi huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ke alakaʻi ʻia ʻana o Izetbegovic i kēia kuʻikahi (inā ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia nō ia) e ke Komohana o ke kumakaia ʻana i ke aupuni kānāwai o Bosnia i loko o nā lima o nā kipi Serb, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki ʻana i ko lākou poʻe kākoʻo ma Belgrade. Aia i lalo ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina o Bosnia.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Herman i kēia ʻano o nā hanana ma ke ʻano he "moʻolelo" wale nō - he huaʻōlelo i hoʻomāinoino ʻia e ka poʻe "post-modernists" i kēia manawa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. ʻO Herman, ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kiʻi hoʻoweliweli Islam e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kēia ʻaihue ʻana i ka mana, kāhea ʻo ia i ka "'Srebrenica massacre'" (ma nā huaʻōlelo o
papa) ka "lanakila nui o ka propaganda" no ka "ʻoihana colonial ma Bosnia a me Kosovo" e NATO. Manaʻo kekahi inā ʻike ʻo Herman iā ia iho i ka dissonance cognitive.
ʻO kēia wale nō ka mea hou loa i loko o ke kaula holoʻokoʻa o ia mau ʻatikala Z i holo ʻia e Herman a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi mai ka hopena o ka hōʻike weliweli ʻo Bosnia, e hōʻemi ana i nā hewa kaua Serb a me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana (e like me kā Reagan i ʻōlelo ai e pili ana i ka dictatorship Guatemalan) Ua hāʻawi ʻia nā Serbs i kahi "bum rap." A ke manaʻo nei ʻo Z he kumu kūpono kona e kū ai e kūʻē i ka pepehi kanaka i kākoʻo ʻia e US ma Guatemala, Colombia a pēlā aku. He mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa a weliweli hoʻi ʻo ia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻe paʻi "hema" i manaʻo ʻia i hāʻule i loko o kēia au dumbed-down.
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ʻO Bill Weinberg ka mea hoʻoponopono o ka nūpepa pūnaewele World War 4 Report
(http://ww4report.com) a me ka mea kākau o Homage to Chiapas: The New Indigenous Struggles in Mexico (Verso, 2000). Ke hana nei ʻo ia ma kahi puke e pili ana iā Plan Colombia a me nā neʻe kūʻē kūʻē ʻōiwi ma Andes.
Hāʻawi kālā ʻia ʻo ZNetwork ma o ka lokomaikaʻi o kāna poʻe heluhelu.
E Makana mai