Inā ua hiki ke kaua kūʻē i nā uniona i kahi kikoʻī, ʻo Wilma Smith kekahi o ka poʻe i hoʻoholo e hoʻopaʻa hou i nā unahi.
Ua kāhea ʻia ka mea hoʻohui 58 makahiki ma ka hale ʻoihana General Electric ma West Burlington, Iowa, e hana i Sepatemaba.
Ua hoʻomaha ʻo ia mai ka makahiki 2007 mai ka hale hana non-union, ka mea e hana ai i nā mea hoʻololi uila no nā kaona a me nā hale hana pōloli ikehu, nā halemai, a me nā kikowaena kelepona. "Ua maopopo iā ʻoe pehea kāu pahu fuse i loko o kou hale?" ninau mai la ia. "Ua like kēia me nā pahu fuse no ke kūlanakauhale," ka nui o ka pahu hau.
Akā ua hele mai ka hana me nā huaʻōlelo hou: he 50 pakeneka o ka uku—e loaʻa iā ia he $12 i hoʻokahi hola. ʻAʻohe uhi mālama ola kino i kona wā i hoʻomaha ai. A ʻaʻohe manawa e loaʻa iā ia ka $5,000 bonus i lanakila ai nā limahana uniona GE ma ka ʻaelike aupuni o ka makahiki i hala.
"Ua ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka hana, no laila ʻaʻole wau makemake e lohe i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana," i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka luna o ka hale hana 150 mau limahana iā ia ma ka orientation.
ʻEono mahina ma hope mai, he alakaʻi ʻo Smith i ke kōmike hoʻonohonoho ʻo Electrical Workers (IUE-CWA) e manaʻo ana i ke koho balota ʻo Labour Board ma ʻApelila.
Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka hoʻolaha e kahi koho balota kūleʻa o Ianuali ma kahi hale hana GE e hoʻoponopono hou ana i nā kaʻa locomotive ma Kansas City, Missouri, ʻo ia ka mea kanu GE mua i hui i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki.
Hāpai ka holomua i ka holomua, a ke hoʻomaka nei ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe. "I ko lākou lohe ʻana i ka lanakila ʻana o nā limahana ma Kansas City, ua kāhea koke mai kekahi hui iā mākou," wahi a Mike Knox, kahi mea hoʻonohonoho Electrical Workers (IBEW) i komo i ka lanakila o Missouri.
ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana he ʻālohilohi o ka manaʻolana e kū'ē i kahi kuapoʻeleʻele no nā hui hana e hakakā nei e mālama i nā hana a me nā kūlana kūpono. Hoʻopilikia hou ʻia kā lākou mau hana e nā hana hou a ke aupuni o Obama, me he mea lā e kākoʻo ana i ka manaʻo ʻo ka uku haʻahaʻa ka pane i ka honua a me nā hale kūʻai holo.
HAHAI I KE KUMU
I kona komo ʻana iā GE i ka makahiki 2000, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Smith e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā hoa hana i kahi hui e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kūlana ma ka hale kūʻai. He lālā o ke kōmike kūʻai mua, ke kākau ʻōlelo uniona kūloko, a me ka puʻukū i nā mea kanu Steelworker a me Auto Worker i pani ʻia i kēia manawa, haʻi ʻo ia iā lākou i ko lākou nāwaliwali me ka ʻole o ka ʻaelike.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā ia nā nahu he nui, ma ka uku o $24 i ka hola. A ua loaʻa i ka mea kanu kahi kaʻina hana "nānā hoa" e hoʻoponopono i nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa.
"Ua ʻōlelo lākou ʻaʻohe ala e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana maikaʻi iā mākou," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo Smith. "Ua ʻōlelo au, 'Hiki iā lākou ke hana ʻino iā ʻoe.'”
Akā no nā makahiki he nui, ʻaʻole nui ʻo GE. Hoʻolaha ka hui i nā mea i loaʻa i kāna mau uniona i nā limahana hana ʻole, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana ma ke kai.
I ka manawa like, ma hope o ka nalo ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i ka makahiki 1946, ua ʻae ka hoʻokele i kahi kūlana paʻakikī e kūʻē i nā uniona, e haʻi ana i ka ʻeuanelio o ke kuleana o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Ua pani ʻo GE i nā mea kanu ma ka ʻĀkau i hui pū ʻia, nā hana hoʻouna i ka Hema a me ke Komohana, a ua lawe i kahi ala "lawe a haʻalele paha" i ke kūkākūkā ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Boulwarism" ma hope o kāna alakaʻi alakaʻi hana.
ʻO ka hui he kumu hoʻohālike o ka de-unionization a me ka lanakila o ka hui, ʻoiai ke hoʻolimalima ʻana i ka mea hana hakakā ʻo Ronald Reagan e hāʻawi i 135 mau haʻiʻōlelo ma nā papa hale hana i nā makahiki '50 a me' 60s, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i nā "mākeke manuahi." (Ua kapa ʻia ka memoir a Reagan i nā huakaʻi GE "he papa puka puka ma ka ʻepekema politika" a me ka huli ʻana i kāna "hoʻohuli ponoʻī.")
Ua uku maikaʻi ʻia nā hoʻolālā i hui ʻia. Ua hoʻohana ka hui i 150,000 mau limahana uniona i ka makahiki 1969. ʻO ka hui hui ʻana o ka makahiki i hala i uhi ʻia he 15,500 wale nō.
Ua emi pū ka nui o nā limahana GE ma ka US Ua pani ka hui i 30 mau mea kanu US i nā makahiki ʻehā i hala, e waiho ana ma kahi o 130,000 i hana ma kahi o 100 mau wahi, wahi a Chris Townsend, ka luna kālai'āina o ka United Electrical Workers (UE). He 34,000 mau hana i nalowale ma ka hui ma waena o 2000 a me 2010 nā palapala hoʻopiʻi o Securities and Exchange Commission.
Ke hoʻololi mau nei ʻo GE i ka hana, lawe i nā māhele hou, outsourcing. "ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke mālama iā ia," wahi a Townsend.
HAAWINA GE SWITCHES
Me nā uniona ma GE i pahu a emi iho, hoʻomaka ka hoʻokele e kuhikuhi i nā huaʻōlelo. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaelike o ke kauwela i hala i nā penikala i wehewehe ʻia no nā poʻe hoʻolimalima hou, piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai mālama olakino, a ua maʻalahi ka hana ʻana.
"I kekahi manawa, ua hōʻoia mākou i ka uku a me ka pōmaikaʻi i kaʻana like ʻia i waena o ka union universe," wahi a Townsend. "I kēia manawa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hauʻoli lākou i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kā mākou mau poho."
ʻAʻole ʻo GE wale nō ka hui e wāwahi i nā uniona, nā hana moku ma nā ʻāina ʻē, a me nā ʻauhau ʻaʻahu. Akā maikaʻi loa ia: Ua hōʻike ka hui kiaʻi ʻo Citizens for Tax Justice i Pepeluali ua uku ʻo GE i 2.3 pakeneka wale nō i nā ʻauhau federal ma $81.2 biliona i nā waiwai US i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala. I loko o nā makahiki ʻehā, ua loaʻa i ka hui ka uku ʻauhau maikaʻi ʻole - koi maoli i ka hoʻihoʻi.
Kū ʻo GE no kāna pilina kūikawā me ka hoʻokele Obama. ʻO CEO Jeff Immelt ke poʻo o ka Council on Jobs and Competitiveness, kahi i hāʻawi ʻia ai ʻo ia i ke kōkua ʻana iā Obama e ʻōlelo e ʻoki i ka ʻauhau ʻauhau i 28 pakeneka.
I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hele ʻo Obama ma kahi hale kanu GE i hōʻike ʻia e ka IUE-CWA, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka hui ma ke ʻano he "hoʻohālike no ʻAmelika," no ka mea ua hoʻihoʻi ʻo ia i kekahi mau hana i nā hale hana US. Ua kūpaʻa ʻo Obama i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka uku o GE e hoʻōla hou i ka hana ʻana, e kapa ʻia ʻo ia "inourcing."
Ma ka haʻiʻōlelo o ka Mokuʻāina o Ianuali, ua hōʻike ʻo Obama i kahi noiʻi a nā poʻe kūkākūkā e ʻōlelo ana i ka uku haʻahaʻa, nā uniona nāwaliwali, a me nā huahana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokūkū koke nā mokuʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema me Kina. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻo ia ʻo nā ʻoihana e hoʻihoʻi mai i nā hana hana i uka - ʻoiai inā ʻoi aku ma mua o ka uku liʻiliʻi - pono nā ʻauhau ʻauhau hou.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jeff Lacher, he mea hoʻonohonoho me IUE-CWA, ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo GE i nā limahana e ʻike i ka mea e hiki ai ke pakele - a hele mai ma hope o ka poʻe hana Burlington i ka manawa nui. Ua hoʻoweliweli ka luna e pani i ka mea kanu i ka mahina ʻo Dekemaba 2010 ke ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o $8 miliona i loko o ka waihona, weliweli i kahi limahana kahi kokoke i nā kānaka a pau ma luna o 40 a nui nā kāne e hana pū kekahi me kekahi.
"Inā hoʻokomo ʻoe i ka poʻe ma luna o ka pā kīʻaha, e ʻae lākou i kekahi mea," wahi a Smith.
Ua kiki ke kūlanakauhale, kalana, a me ka mokuʻāina i $2.4 miliona, a ʻike nā limahana i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka uku a hiki i ka hapalua. Ua ʻae ʻo GE i ka hui ʻole e lawe i ke koho balota i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka uku, "no laila hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo he kūkākūkā ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli," wahi a Lacher. ʻO ka mea hana Burlington ʻo Harold Smith (ʻaʻohe pili iā Wilma) i ʻōlelo ʻia e hōʻole ka hoʻokele e hoʻokuʻu i nā kikoʻī ma ke koho balota.
ʻO nā limahana koʻikoʻi loa, ka mea i hoʻokomo i ko lākou ola hana holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka mea kanu, ʻo ia nā heleuma o ka hui hui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Wilma Smith, ua kūpono kekahi o kāna mau hoa hoʻololi no nā hōʻailona meaʻai a me ka hoʻolālā olakino o Iowa no ka poʻe haʻahaʻa.
ʻAʻole makaʻu ka poʻe limahana Burlington i ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ʻōlelo ʻo ia - ʻo nā hale hana ma lalo o ke ala e uku liʻiliʻi ai, a ke hoʻolimalima nei lākou.
AILA WAIWAI PO
Ma ka hale ʻenekini ʻo Kansas City, ua hoʻāʻo nā limahana no kahi uniona ʻekolu manawa ma mua o ko lākou lanakila ʻana i kā lākou koho lua me ka IBEW i Ianuali.
Me ke kaula o nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki i haʻihaʻi ʻia ma hope o nā koho balota mua, ʻo kahi hanana make ma 2010 he mea hoʻoikaika nui. Ua hopu ʻia kekahi mea hana ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻenekini locomotive e koli ana. Ua ʻeha kona mau wāwae, ua make ʻo ia ma ka haukapila.
I ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo GE e hoʻokaʻawale i nā limahana kahiko pro-union ma ka neʻe mua ʻana mai nā poʻe ʻōpio, nā limahana liʻiliʻi i ka lua. Ua hoʻopau nā luna i ka hopena pule "super-shift" kahi i hoʻopili ai nā mea ʻelua, no laila e hui nā lālā o ke kōmike hoʻonohonoho i nā limahana ʻōpio i ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ke aumoe a kū kokoke i ka wanaʻao e pane i kā lākou nīnau.
ʻO nā palapala lima pane koke e pane i nā hoʻopiʻi a me nā hoʻopiʻi o ka hui ma ka lā hoʻokahi.
Ma hope o Iowa, ua maʻa ʻo Harold Smith i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mākaʻi i kāhea ʻia i ka wā e hele ana nā lālā o ke kōmike i mua me nā lau. Ua haʻi aku nā mākaʻi—ʻo ia hoʻi nā lālā IUE-CWA—ua loaʻa iā lākou ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana e "hoʻoulu ʻia ka haunaele."
"He holo hihiu ia," wahi a Smith. “Ke hopohopo nei mākou e nalowale ana ma mua o kā mākou. Malia paha me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hiki iā mākou ke kau i ka mea i koe.
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