He mea paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā manaʻo o Leon Trotsky e huki i ka manaʻo ma Pakistan. Eia naʻe, ma ka makahiki 1930, ua lanakila kāna mau kumumanaʻo a me kāna hakakā ʻana iā Stalinism i ke kākoʻo ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i India. Ma Clash of Fundamentalisms, haʻi ʻo Tariq Ali i nā kaʻina hana o kahi hālāwai i mālama ʻia ma Lahore i ʻApelila 1969 kahi i loaʻa ai kāna mau Trotskyist manaʻo he mea hou.
Ma ka hōʻike ʻana i kēlā hālāwai ʻo Lahore, haʻi ʻo Ali i ka moʻolelo o kahi hoa kahiko a akamai i ka manaʻoʻiʻo i ka hui hema: “Ua huli ʻo ia i ka poʻe kākoʻo-Moscow: 'Eia kā mākou Sunnis. Loaʻa iā mākou kā mākou Shia.' A laila nānā ʻo ia i koʻu ʻaoʻao a ʻakaʻaka: 'A i kēia manawa ke makemake nei kēia ʻōpio ahi e apo mākou i ka Wahabism'”(1).
Ma muli o ko Trotsky hana demoni e nā Stalinist a me Maoist bureaucracies, ʻaʻole hiki i ka poʻe kiaʻi hema hema ma Pakistan ke ʻike ʻole iā Leon Trotsky. I kekahi hihia, ma ka 1980s ua hōʻea ʻo Marxist 'Wahabism' i Pakistan ma kahi ʻano hoʻonohonoho. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia i ka makahiki 1980 ma Amsterdam i ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai kahi pūʻulu o nā ʻēheu hema hema iā Jeddojuhd (Struggle), kahi puke pai ʻōlelo Urdu. Ua ʻākoakoa ʻia kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻoikaika i ka puke pai. Ma ka makahiki 1986 ua hiki i kekahi mau lālā alakaʻi o ka Struggle Group ke hoʻi mai ka lawe pio ʻana a hoʻonohonoho i Lahore.
ʻO ka hui hakakā a me nā limahana koa ma ʻEnelani
I nā lā ʻo Amsterdam, ua hui pū ka Struggle Group me ke Kōmike no ka Workers International (CWI), he "international" Trotskyist. ʻO kāna ʻāpana Pelekane, i kapa ʻia ʻo Militant Labour, he pūʻulu "entrist" i loko o ka British Labor Party, ma muli o ke kumumanaʻo e hui pū nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā ʻaoʻao o nā limahana hana e huki iā lākou i ka hema. Ua kapa ʻia kēia hoʻolālā ʻo Entrism. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻolālā i ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻonui i ka mana a ua kākoʻo ʻia e Trotsky i ka makahiki 1930 i ka hihia o Farani kahi i ʻōlelo ʻia ai nā Trotskyists e hoʻopau i kā lākou hui ponoʻī e hana i loko o ka Social Democratic SFIO (2). I nā makahiki 1980, ʻaʻole i lanakila wale ʻo Militant Labor i ka mana o Liverpool Council, akā ua koho ʻia ʻehā o kona mau lālā i mau MP Labour. Ua paʻa ʻo Militant Labor i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka Labour Party a me kekahi mau uniona kalepa. Eia nō naʻe, i ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki he ʻumi, ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka Party Labor iā lākou, me ke alo ʻole i nā hopena no ka hana ʻana pēlā. Ua maʻalahi hoʻi ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano sectarian o Militant Labour. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona over-optimistic kahi i manaʻo ʻia ai ʻo Militant Labor e alakaʻi i ke kipi wikiwiki e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokokoke sectarian. No laila, ua kuhi hewa ʻo ia i kona nāwaliwali ponoʻī a me ka ikaika o ka Bureaucracy o Labour, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻokau i kahi hakakā maikaʻi (3).
ʻOiai ka loaʻa ʻana o 40 mau "ʻāpana" ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua ʻike ʻole ʻia ka CWI ma waho o ʻEnelani. I ka wā i kipaku ʻia ai ʻo Militant Labor mai ka Party Labor, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia no kāna hana e hiki mai ana. Ua kākoʻo ka ʻaoʻao i alakaʻi ʻia e Peter Taaffe i kahi "Open Turn," e hōʻike ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hui kūʻokoʻa a hoʻopau i ka "Entrism". Ua hoʻonohonoho kēia ʻaoʻao i ka Socialist Party. I kēia lā, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻaoʻao Trotskyist e hoʻopaʻa nei i ka palapala ʻāina o ka poʻe Pelekania hema. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i alakaʻi ʻia e Ted Grant, makemake e mālama i kāna hoʻolālā "entrist". E like me ka mea aloha maikaʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma Urdu Ghazals, ʻaʻole pili i ka mea aloha a i ʻole naʻau ʻole, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mea aloha ʻo Ted Grantist i ka "entrism" up. No laila, i kēia lā, inā ʻike ʻo "Comrade" Ed Miliband a ʻaʻole paha, hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i ka 'tendency' ʻo Ted Grantist ma ke keʻena haʻahaʻa o New Labour.
I kēlā me kēia hihia, ua hana hou ʻia ka māhele ma Lākana ma nā ʻāpana satellite-CWI, me Pakistan. ʻO kahi pūʻali i alakaʻi ʻia e Farooq Tariq, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻumikūmālua mau lālā Struggle, i hahai i ke alakaʻi a Peter Taaffe a hoʻomau i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka Party Party Pakistan ma 1997.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, alakaʻi ʻia e Lal Khan, ke hoʻomau nei me kona komo ʻana i loko o ka Pakistan People's Party (PPP), i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua ma muli o Bhuttos. Ke kau nei ia i kona manaolana ma ka Pakistani proletariat me ka ʻike hope loa e puka mai ke kipi mai ka PPP, kahi papahana kālai'āina i hōʻino ʻia i kēia manawa e hōʻailona ana i ka palaho a me ka hoʻopiʻi ideological. Akā ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻonāwaliwali i nā "e komo".
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia:
Ma ke ʻano he haumāna no ke Kulanui o ke Aupuni, Lahore, ua hāʻule au i ka Pak Tea House kokoke i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka Pak Tea House ma Lahore kahi i hele pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe naʻauao a me nā mea hana. Ma ʻaneʻi i ka lā 11 o Nowemapa, 1993, ua hui hope au me nā hoa paio. ʻO ka hanana ka 33rd anniversary o ka mea kaulana kaulana ʻo Hasan Nasir i make. Ua hoʻomāinoino ʻia ʻo ia a make no kāna hakakā komunista e ke aupuni koa i nā makahiki 1960 mua. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hālāwai e ka National Students Federation (NSF), i kahi manawa he hui haumāna ʻaoʻao hema. ʻOiai ua nalowale ka NSF ma hope o ka hoʻokani nui ʻana i ka hakakā ʻana i ka noho aliʻi kaua i ka makahiki 1960, hiki i kāna Kakauolelo Nui, ʻo Asim Ali Shah, ke hoʻoikaika i nā kumuwaiwai e mālama i kahi hālāwai liʻiliʻi.
I kēlā lā ua ʻike au iā Shoaib Bhatti e kūʻai aku ana i nā kope o Mazdoor Jeddojuhd (Papa Hana) i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻoiai ʻo Shahida Jabeen e hoʻolele ana i nā kope o Tabqati Jeddojuhd (Class Struggle) i kēlā me kēia pule. i mua. "Wow, ʻeleu lākou a hoʻopuka i ʻelua pepa," i koʻu manaʻo i loko oʻu iho.
Ua ʻike mua au i ka Pūʻulu Paio ma o nā kolamu o Zubair Rana i hala (he kolamu ʻēheu hema kaulana i kapa ʻia ʻo Chacha, a i ʻole ʻAnakala, e kona mau hoa hana nūpepa a me kona mau hoa) ma ka Jang i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma ke ʻano he aloha aloha no ka Bhutto's Pakistan People's Party i koʻu mau lā kula kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki 1980, heluhelu nui au i nā kolamu o Rana. Ma kekahi o kāna mau kolamu i heluhelu nui ʻia, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i ka hoʻi ʻana o Farooq Tariq i Lahore. Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo Farooq Tariq ma ke ʻano he "Trotskyite" a ua pena ʻo Chacha Zubair Rana i nā 'Trotskyites' ma ke ʻano he poʻe hoʻomaʻamaʻa kipi, a i ʻole nā guerrillas. I koʻu mau lā kula, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia au e ka Al-Zulfiqar Organization (AZO) a ua hoʻokipa malū au i ka manaʻo o ke komo ʻana. Akā ʻo ka AZO ke keʻena nui ma Kabul, he mea paʻakikī iaʻu e hoʻokokoke aku i nā kaikunāne Bhutto. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hōʻea ʻana iā Kabul, no nā kumu he nui.
I kekahi manawa, me kaʻu mau hoa papa ʻelua, ʻo Toqeer Ahmed (noho ʻia i Kanada i kēia manawa) a ʻo kekahi e lawelawe nei i ka pūʻali mokulele o Pakistan, ua hoʻolālā mākou i kahi hoʻolālā e hiki i Kabul. ʻO kaʻu manaʻo e noho ma laila a makemake lākou e huakaʻi i Moscou. ʻO ka wikiwiki koke no kēia mau wahi kipi e hōʻike ana i ka pulse o nā haumāna ʻōpio i ka makahiki 1980. Ma kahi o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā mākou hoʻolālā, ua kipaku ʻia mākou ʻekolu mai ke kulanui a ʻaʻole ʻike i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma Sargodha. Ua pau mākou i Lahore. I kekahi lā, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi puke ʻo Struggle ma kahi lumi hoʻokipa. ʻAʻole wau i hoʻomanaʻo i ke poʻo inoa akā he unuhi Urdu ia o kahi puke liʻiliʻi India i hana ʻia e ka ʻāpana India o CWI, New Socialist Alternative. Ke hāʻawi nei i kahi wehewehe ʻē aʻe no ka Māhele ʻana o India i India a me Pakistan i ka makahiki 1947, ua waiho maoli ka puke liʻiliʻi i kahi manaʻo a hoʻōla hou i koʻu ʻimi i ka hui Struggle. Akā ma muli o ke ʻano lalo o kā lākou hana, ʻaʻole wau i ʻike pehea e hoʻopili ai iā lākou. Ma hope mai ua ʻike au i koʻu ʻoliʻoli ʻana ua ʻike kēlā me kēia Tom, Dick a me Harry i kahi o ke keʻena ʻo Struggle. Akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka hui ke hoʻolaha i kāna ʻōlelo ma kāna palapala. I kēia manawa, ua emi koʻu makemake i ka hakakā kaua a i ka hōʻea ʻana i Lahore, ʻo kaʻu mau mea nui e hoʻāʻo nei e ʻimi i ke aloha, e kau ana ma ka Pak Tea House, a me ka hana nūpepa, ma ia ʻano. ʻO ka nūpepa ka ʻoihana aʻu i ʻimi ai. Akā, i koʻu ʻike ʻana i nā "guerrillas" ʻo Struggle ma ka Pak Tea House i Nowemapa 11, ua hoʻoholo wau e lawe i ka pilikia.
Ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa moʻomeheu, ʻike ʻole, a maopopo ʻole i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, ua hōʻole wau e kamaʻilio me nā hoa wahine e like me Shahida Jabeen; Ua lulu lima au me Shoaib Bhatti. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi kope o ka pepa a noi hilahila ʻole i ʻumi rupee ma ke ʻano he "kumukūʻai hui." I kona hōʻike ʻana i kahi o ke keʻena nui o Struggle, ua kipa au i ke keʻena ʻo Beadon Road, he alanui paʻa i ka puʻuwai o Lahore. Ma hope o kekahi mau kipa ʻana ua hui pū au. Manaʻo wau he pōmaikaʻi wau i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana. No nā makahiki he iwakālua e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻolaʻa wau iaʻu iho i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hui i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Jeddojuhd Inqlabi Tehrik (JIT) a, ma 1997, Labour Party Pakistan (LPP). A hiki i kēia lā, he "Trot" au me ka mihi ʻole. ʻO ka huli ʻana o LPP NGO:
Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ikaika ʻia ka hanana NGO e ka poʻe i haʻalele i ka Pakistan. ʻO ka hema, koe wale nō ka LPP ma Pakistan, nānā i nā NGO ma ke ʻano he pahele. ʻO ka NGOization o nā wahine, nā hana a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe i ka makahiki 1990 i ʻaiʻē, a noʻonoʻo ʻia, ka depoliticization hohonu o ke kaiāulu. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻokumu ʻo LPP i kahi NGO a ua komo i kekahi mau papahana i hoʻolako kālā ʻia e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā uniona a me nā kula no nā keiki hana. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana NGO a LPP ma kahi ala ʻole a hāʻawi i nā haʻawina koʻikoʻi no ka hema, ʻoi aku ma ka Hema.
I nā makahiki 1990 mua, ua holo ka Struggle Group i ʻelua mau kula ʻike ʻole no ka hana ʻana i nā keiki a hana i ke keaka alanui ma ke kaona ʻo Dharampora o Lahore. ʻO Riaz Fatyana, ke kuhina hoʻonaʻauao kūloko, e ʻae i ka Struggle Group e hoʻohana i ka hale kula kūloko no nā papa ahiahi. Ua unuhi ʻia kēia mau papahana ʻelua i loko o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻāina ma Dharampora.
Ua aʻo kekahi ʻelele kipa o Swedish Teachers Union e pili ana i kēia mau papahana a hoʻohiki e kōkua. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kahi NGO, ʻo ka Education Foundation (i kapa ʻia ʻo Labor Education Foundation, a i ʻole LEF) e hana i nā papahana i kākoʻo ʻia e Suedena. ʻOiai maikaʻi nā manaʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, ua hoʻomaka lākou i kahi kaʻina lōʻihi o ka NGOization o Struggle Group. Ua kūʻē kekahi mau hoa i ka NGOisation o ka hana a haʻalele i ka hui. Ua hoʻomaka nā hui haʻalele o Struggle e hōʻino i ka Struggle Group / LPP no kāna hana NGO. Akā me ka hopohopo ʻole e ka hoʻohewa ʻana, hiki i ka Struggle Group / LPP ke hoʻohana i nā papahana e hiki ai i nā papa ākea o nā uniona kālepa a me nā mea hana ma waena o Pakistan. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ka Mazdoor Jeddojuhd i kēlā me kēia mahina, ua lilo ia i pule a hoʻomaka i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā manaʻo haʻalele i ka manawa i hōʻino ʻia ai ka socialism no ka mea ua hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ka alakaʻi hema kahiko mai ka socialism. (ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i puka mai i ka hui Struggle kahiko i pale wiwo ʻole i nā manaʻo haʻalele a hāʻawi i kahi wehewehe Marxist no ka debacle Soviet.)
ʻO ka kūpaʻa ʻana o ka LPP e pili ana i nā manaʻo socialist i huki i nā poʻe hana haʻalele kahiko. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ia, i kekahi manawa koʻikoʻi, i kekahi mau hakakā papa hana. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻomaka ka NGOisation i ʻike ʻole ʻia e hōʻino i kāna hana a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea nui, ua hoʻokomo i ka palaho i ka moʻomeheu hoʻonohonoho. Ma o ka LEF, hiki i ka LPP ke hāʻawi i nā hana a me nā pono ʻē aʻe. Ua makemake kekahi mau hoa e paʻa i nā kūlana alakaʻi. Ua alakaʻi kēia i nā hakakā pilikino. Ua hana ʻia kēlā mau hakakā ma ke ʻano politika i ka makahiki 2003-4 a me kahi ʻāpana e ʻōlelo nei e hoʻomaha loa me ka hana NGO mai ka hui (4).
ʻOiai ʻo wau iho a me kekahi mau hoa ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole i ʻaoʻao i ka ʻaoʻao e haʻalele ana [no ka mea (1) ua manaʻo mākou ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi paio pilikino a; (2) koʻikoʻi ka lokahi], ua ʻae mākou he ʻoiaʻiʻo ka hoʻohewa ʻana o nā hoa hoʻokaʻawale, alakaʻi ʻia e ka luna hoʻomalu o LPP ʻo Shoib Bhatti. Ma muli o ka loiloi, ua ʻae ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale ka LPP iā ia iho mai ka LEF [akā, ʻaʻole e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka LEF ma muli o nā hana a nā limahana LEF] a e hoʻololi ʻia nā kūlana alakaʻi i mea e pale ai i kahi "cult" o na kanaka. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ua lilo ka LEF i mea maikaʻi loa no ka pale ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā limahana ma waho o ka pae o LPP [e like me nā NGO ʻē aʻe e hana ana ma ka inoa o ka hana].
No laila, ua hoʻomaka kekahi ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi i loko o ka LPP, a me aʻu hoʻi, e kākoʻo i ka pani ʻana i ka LEF inā e uku ʻia kekahi mau limahana i kā lākou mau hana. Ua manaʻo wau ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pōʻino o ka NGOisation i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hana a me ka hana ʻana a manaʻo wau e hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā limahana i nā hana ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, i ka makahiki 2013, ua hui pū ka LPP me nā hui ʻelua ʻē aʻe e hoʻokumu i ka ʻAhahui Hana Hana Awami (AWP).
ʻOiai ke kū nei ka jure o ka mōʻaukala ma luna o ka hoʻoilina LPP, hāʻawi kāna hulina NGO banekorupa i nā haʻawina he nui. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia wale ka ʻike LPP. Hōʻike maopopo nā haʻawina mai Afghanistan ALO/RAWA(4) a me Nepal i ke kūlana koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka hema e lawe e pili ana i nā NGO. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole pale ka LPP i kāna NGOization ma ka inoa ʻo Trotsky. ʻO ka hewa maoli iā Trotsky, ʻo ia ke komo ʻana e ka hui i hoʻonohonoho ʻia a puni ka Tabqati Juddojuhd (Class Struggle) i kēlā me kēia pule. No ka maopopo, e kuhikuhi wau iā ia ʻo ka IMT (International Marxist Tendency).
Entrism: E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo "Entrism" kahi hoʻolālā politika a Leon Trotsky i kākoʻo i ka makahiki 1930 no ka hui kālai'āina ma Farani e pili ana me ke kū'ē Trotskyist. ʻO Trotsky, no nā kumu maopopo, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i ka International Third International i ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia mai ka Soviet Union a me ka International International. Ma kekahi mau ʻāina, aia nā māhele liʻiliʻi mai nā ʻaoʻao Communist i ʻike ʻia me nā manaʻo o Trotsky a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana a Stalin. Ma ka pō o ke Kaua Honua II ua hoʻokumu kēia mau hui i ka Fourth International.
ʻO ka manaʻo o Trotsky e hoʻopili i kēia mau hui liʻiliʻi me nā papa ākea o nā limahana ma o nā hui papa hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hui democratic ma ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻohana nā poʻe kipi ʻē aʻe i ia mau hoʻolālā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma mua o ka Partition in India, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka poʻe komunista Muslim e hui pū me ka All India Muslim League, kahi pāʻina e hōʻike ana i nā elite Muslim a ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka Partition of India ma ke kumu haʻi.
ʻO wau iho, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ka hoʻolālā "entrist". I kēlā me kēia hihia, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa no kāna mau pono a me nā mea ʻino. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Comrade Ted Grant i ka manaʻo a ua lilo ia i mea koʻikoʻi o kāna hōʻailona Marxism. I ka make ʻana o Grant i ka makahiki 2006, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻaʻahu i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina, ʻo Comrade Alan Woods. Ma ke ʻano he haumāna ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Ted Grant, ua mākaukau ʻo ia e komo i nā ʻaoʻao democratic social e kū pono ana a me ka papa hana. ʻAʻole ia he mea nui ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu i kēia mau ʻaoʻao e hōʻailona ana i ka palaho, ka ʻoihana a me ka pilikino. ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻohe pono e nānā i ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻākau e nā ʻaoʻao democratic social i hāpai i nā kulekele neoliberal. ʻO ka mea manaʻoʻiʻo maoli, ʻaʻole loa e hoʻoluliluli ʻia e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
E like me ka laki, ʻaʻole i hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia ʻo Pakistan me kekahi pāʻina democratic social o nā papa hana. No laila, pono e hana ʻia kekahi. Akā ʻo nā haumāna Pakistani ʻo Ted Grant, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike wale i kahi pāʻina kuʻuna o ka poʻe hana ma ka PPP, ua hoʻomau lākou i ka wehewehe ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokūkū kipi i ka 1968-69 "Revolution." ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke kapa aku iā PPP he pāʻina honua. Ma kāna hōʻike ʻo "Islam hamara deen hay" ["ʻO Islam ko mākou hoʻomana"] ʻo ia ka huaʻōlelo kiʻekiʻe o ka PPP. Inā he mea, he pāʻina populist ʻo PPP, kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka Honua ʻEkolu o nā 1960s/1970s. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoiai he pāʻina populist hou.
Ma kahi o ka loiloi koʻikoʻi i ka hanana Bhutto, ua hōʻike ka Pakistan IMT i ka hakakā wiwo ʻole a Zulfikar Ali Bhutto e kūʻē i ke aupuni dictator Zia akā e hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ana i kona mau hoʻoilina. No lākou, ua pilikia ka make ʻana o Benazir Bhutto i ka manawa pōkole. Ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ke alakaʻi kipi me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i kahi heluhelu ʻelua i nā palapala IMT i hoʻolaha ʻia i kākau ʻia ma waena o 1980 a 26 Dekemaba 2007, i ka wā i pepehi ʻia ai ʻo Benazir.
Mai ka makahiki 1980, i kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo wānana, ua haʻi mai ka IMT iā mākou e kū koke ana ka proletariat Pakistan i nā lima e hoʻokō i kāna misionari mōʻaukala [i.e. he hoʻokahuli aupuni]. ʻElua mau makahiki i loko o kēia mau makahiki ʻekolu, ua hele ka lehulehu o ke kūlanakauhale i nā alanui. ʻO ka mea mua, i ka makahiki 1986, i ka wā i hoʻopau ai ʻo Benazir Bhutto i kona noho pio ʻana; ʻo ka lua i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka poʻe kākoʻo ma 2007-08.
I ka hihia mua, ua ʻōlelo ka IMT ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ke kipi e ka poʻe elite hoʻomalu ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana iā Benazir Bhutto i loko o nā hale mana. Manaʻo kēia he keiki liʻiliʻi ʻo "Comrade" Benazir Bhutto i ʻike ʻole ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻo ia-ua hāʻule ʻo ia i loko o nā ala hewa o ka mana me ka ʻole o nā ʻōlelo aʻo. A laila, i ka makahiki 2007-08, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia i kahi kipi socialist - ua aʻo ʻia mai kāna mau hewa i hala - ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻo ia. Pehea ka maʻalahi! ʻO ka hoʻohewa IMT o ka hema:
Hoʻohewa ka IMT i ka haʻalele ʻana o Stalinist, ʻaʻole wale ma Pakistan, akā ma nā wahi āpau o ka honua colonial ua hāʻule ma muli o kāna kumumanaʻo ʻelua pae, kahi e waiho ai i kahi kipi democratic ma mua o kahi kipi socialist. ʻO kēlā me kēia debacle hema ma nā wahi a pau o ka 'Kolu Honua' ua hāʻawi ʻia i ke kumumanaʻo ʻelua pae. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei kēia wehewehe kumu iaʻu i kahi moʻolelo satirical na ka mea kākau ʻōlelo Urdu ʻo Mustansar Hussain Tarrar. Ua haʻi ʻo Tarrar i ka moʻolelo o kahi hoa papa i kākau i hoʻokahi ʻatikala wale nō, ʻo "My Best Friend". I nā manawa a pau e noi ai ke kumu ʻōlelo Urdu iā ia i kahi ʻatikala, e ʻimi ana kēia hoa papa i kahi ala e hoʻololi ai i kāna moʻolelo ʻo "My Best Friend". No ka laʻana, inā makemake ke kumu i kahi ʻatikala e pili ana i ka Festival of Lights, e hoʻomaka ʻo ia ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kekahi mea e like me "Ua hele au i ka ʻaha me kaʻu hoaaloha maikaʻi loa. ʻO XYZ koʻu hoaaloha maikaʻi loa…” a laila hana hou i ka kikokikona maʻamau. I kekahi manawa, makemake ke kumu iā ia e kākau i kahi ʻatikala ma "He huakaʻi ea" akā ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā ia e hōʻoia ʻaʻole hele pū kāna hoaaloha maikaʻi me ia. Pēlā ʻo ia i hoʻomaka ai i ka ʻatikala: “E hele ana au ma ka lewa. ʻAʻole koʻu hoaaloha maikaʻi me aʻu. Ua kaumaha au. I ka haʻalele ʻana o ka mokulele, nānā kaumaha au i ka honua. Aia hoi! Ma laila wau i ʻike ai i kahi kanaka e ʻai ana i kāna mau holoholona. ʻO XYZ koʻu hoaaloha maikaʻi loa...."Pēlā hoʻi, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻatikala a ko mākou mau hoa IMT i ʻike, 'Theory ʻElua. o Pakistan (CPP) a i ʻole kekahi o kā lākou mau hoʻoilina hope. ʻAʻole ia he mea nui ua hiki i ka hema ma Nepal a me India ke kūkulu i nā pāʻina lehulehu a ua hiki i ka PDPA ke hopu i ka mana [ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hiki iā IMT ponoʻī ke lanakila i hoʻokahi noho ma ka pāremata kūloko ma ke kūʻokoʻa]. Wahi a ko mākou mau hoa IMT inā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana kēia mau ʻaoʻao i ka Theory of Permanent Revolution a Leon Trotsky, inā he kipi kaiapuni. ʻAʻohe kānalua, aia kahi mea o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kēia mau mea a pau. Manaʻo wau he palapala koʻikoʻi ka Theory of Permanent Revolution a ua hoʻāʻo wau e unuhi. Akā ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā ʻōlelo Trotskyist koʻikoʻi i nā clichés, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomāʻewaʻewa wale i ka Trotskyism, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea hōʻino i ke kumu ākea ākea. ʻO ka noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi ka hōʻailona o ka Marxism. Pono ʻo Trotsky i ka mahalo no ka mea he koʻikoʻi ʻo ia a he ʻano hou. ʻO ka Socialism, ma luna o nā mea a pau, he mea hou i ka manaʻo a me ka hana.
E hāʻawi mai iaʻu i kahi nīnau maʻalahi loa; No ke aha i hoʻokō ʻole ai ʻo Trotskyism i kahi hoʻololi socialist ma Pakistan ʻoiai ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka IMT i ka manaʻo Stalinist ʻelua pae? Aia ma hea ka Theory of Permanent Revolution i ka hihia o Pakistan?
ʻO ia ka hana hoʻopunipuni ma Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) panalāʻau o Pakistan, ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka PPP i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hui kuʻuna o ka proletariat Pashtoon akā ʻo ka Awami National Party (ANP). Pēlā nō, ma Pakistani-Held Kashmir, ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo IMT i kāna komo ʻana i ka PPP o Bhutto. ʻOi aku ka "komo" i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lāhui me nā hopena pōʻino no ka holomua politika ma kēia ʻāpana o Kashmir. Akā ʻo kēia mau ʻano like ʻole, me he mea lā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ke alakaʻi a me ka cadre IMT ma Pakistan. Aia kahi wehewehe i ka moʻomeheu o ke kanaka.
ʻO ka moʻomeheu o ke kanaka:
Ke loaʻa kahi 'international' he 50 wale nō nā lālā, aia kahi Kremlin, me kahi Stalin e holo nei. Hoʻopuka hou ʻia ke ʻano e nā ʻāpana. Akā e ʻae iaʻu e hoʻopaʻa iaʻu iho i Pakistan. Ma ka hihia o LPP, ʻoiai he ʻāpana CWI ia, e hana hou mākou i nā palapala CWI ma Urdu. ʻO nā mea kikowaena ʻelua i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Lākana, ʻo Peter Taaffe lāua ʻo Lyn Walsh, ʻike ʻia, ua ʻike i nā mea āpau ma ka honua, ʻaʻohe pono e lohe i nā leo ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hihia o IMT, ʻo Ted Grant lāua ʻo Alan Woods nā kumu kumu o ka ʻike. Mai Venezuela a hiki i Helene, Pakistan a i ʻApelika Hema, ʻike ʻo Alan Woods i nā mea āpau. ʻO ka hoʻomana, ka ʻepekema, ke akeakamai, ka mōʻaukala, ka politika, ka wahine, ʻaʻohe mea e pakele i ka laulā o ka ʻike nui o Alan Wood. He hana kēia i hiki ʻole iā Comrade Trotsky ke hoʻokō. Hoʻokuke ʻia ka poʻe i ʻae ʻole me Ted Grant-Alan Woods a i ʻole Peter Taaffe-Lyn Walsh.
Ua hana hou ʻia ke ʻano like ma Pakistan. ʻAʻohe wahi kūʻē i nā hui "Trotskyist" hou ma Pakistan.
ʻO ka nui o kēia mau hoa Trotskyist aʻu i mahalo pono ai a he mau hoaaloha pilikino lākou. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke kākoʻo i kā lākou mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Trotskyist politika. Manaʻo wau e hoʻolohe kekahi o lākou i kaʻu mau ʻōlelo ma mua o ka haʻi ʻana iaʻu he kipi, he kipi. ʻO ka manawa kēia e nīnau ai a loiloi i ka hoʻoilina Trotskyist ma Pakistan. ʻO ka banekorupa o ka entrism a me ka NGOised corruption he mea hoʻohenehene koʻikoʻi i nā papa hana Pakistan. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻopakele ai iā Trotskyism ma Pakistan mai nā demigods Trotskyist Pakistan.
Notes:1. Ali, Tariq (2003)Clash of Fundamentalisms. Lākana: Verso. P72
2. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ʻo SFIO a i ʻole French Section of Workers International i nā makahiki 1960 i Socialist Party, i kēia manawa i ke aupuni.
3. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o Militant Labour ma nā kamaʻilio me nā hoa CWI, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Farooq Tariq, nāna i ʻike i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. The Rise of Militant: Militant's 30 Years e ke alakaʻi o CWI, ʻo Peter Taaffe, hāʻawi i kahi moʻolelo kikoʻī akā ʻaʻole i makemake nui ʻia o ka kipaku ʻana.
3. I kēia manawa, i ka makahiki 1998-99, ua kipaku ʻia ka LPP mai ka CWI no kāna hana NGO. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻohana ka CWI i ka hana NGO ma ke ʻano he kumu. ʻO ke kumu maoli ka ʻoluʻolu o ka CWI bureaucracy i ke alakaʻi LPP a makemake e pani iā Farooq Tariq ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi LPP. Nani ka haohao! Ke hoʻomau nei ka hapa nui o nā Trotskyist international a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana i ke ʻano Stalinist maoli. ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka 'Kremlin' i ke kau ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā poʻo ʻāpana, ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻāpana i kahi "alakaʻi hoʻomana." Ma waho aʻe o ka United Secretariat of Fourth International (USFI), kahi aʻu i lālā ai, ʻo kēlā me kēia 'international' ua hana i nā hana undemocratic, luna-lalo. ʻOiai, ua hana ka USFI i nā hana lapuwale i ka wā ma mua. No kahi ʻakaʻaka ʻakaʻaka ma nā Trotskyists hoʻokahi, ʻo ka moʻolelo ʻo Tariq Ali ʻo Redemption he heluhelu leʻaleʻa.
4. ʻO Revolutionary Afghan Women Association, a i ʻole RAWA (http://www.rawa.org/index.php) he hui mua o ka Afghan Labor Organization (ALO). Ma ka mana, hōʻole ʻo RAWA i nā loulou me ALO. Ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka Maoist orientation, ua hana ʻo ALO i nā hewa ideological i ka makahiki 1980 e like me ka hui pū ʻana me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā fundamentalists mai ke kahua o RAWA, ua hakakā me ka wiwo ʻole kona mau lālā wahine no ke kumu o nā wahine Afghan i ka 1990s. Eia naʻe, ke kahe mai nei ke kālā mai ke Komohana, ʻoi aku ka post-9/11 i ka hihia o RAWA, alakaʻi i ka degeneration ideological a me ka hui.
Hāʻawi kālā ʻia ʻo ZNetwork ma o ka lokomaikaʻi o kāna poʻe heluhelu.
E Makana mai