Ua kūleʻa ʻo Iran i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka ʻaelike "strategic" Iraqi me ka US i mea hoʻolālā, ʻoiai ke kūleʻa nei ʻo ia i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kāna mau kuʻikahi ponoʻī me Iraq i mea paʻa i ka ʻāina.
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka US-Iran rapprochement e hoʻoikaika wale i kēia ʻano e hoʻoikaika i ka lima o Iran ma Iraq.
No laila, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻoi aku ka hauʻoli ma mua o Iraq ma nā hōʻailona hou loa o ka rapprochement ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iran a ʻaʻohe mea i ʻoi aku ka makaʻala e ʻike i ka holomua.
ʻO ke Kuhina Nui ʻo Nouri al-Maliki, i loko o kahi ʻōlelo i hoʻopuka ʻia e kāna keʻena ma ka lā 29 Kepakemapa "ua hoʻomaikaʻi" ʻo ia i ka mea āna i ʻōlelo ai he "holomua nui" a me ka "lanakila" i ka pilina US-Iran, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia he "manaʻolana loa" a hoʻohiki ʻo ia. , wahi a ʻO Xinhua "Ua mākaukau ʻo Iraq e pāʻani i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka holomua maikaʻi" ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua, ʻo ia ka "ʻenemi" o Iraq a me kona mau ʻenemi kaua no nā makahiki he mau makahiki i kēia manawa a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā Iraqi e paʻa a kuleana no ko lākou mau pōʻino i kēia manawa. .
ʻO ke Kuhina o ko nā ʻāina ʻē ʻo Al-Maliki, ʻo Hoshyar Zebari, ma kahi ninaninau me ʻO The Associated Press ma New York i ka lā aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻo Iraq i kahi "kōkua kōkua" i ka hoʻomohala ʻana; ʻoi aku ka makemake e "lawelawe ma ke ʻano he alahaka o ke kamaʻilio a me ka ʻike ma waena o nā mea ʻelua," wahi āna.
Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Zebari e lawe i ka hōʻaiʻē i ka hoʻoponopono o ka Iranian waipuna i kēlā me kēia lā i ka lā 23 ʻAukake i hala aku nei i ka kipa ʻana o Omani Sultan Qaboos bin Said i Tehran ma mua o kēlā mahina a me ka "hana a Oman i pāʻani ai" ma waena o Iran a me ke Komohana.
Ua makemake nui ʻo Zebari e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokele US e lawe i "ke alakaʻi" o ka Pelekikena Hassan Rohani, ka mea i koho ʻia i Iune, a ʻo kāna aupuni Iranian "ʻoi aku koʻikoʻi" no ka mea "he koʻikoʻi lākou" a "ʻaʻole pāʻani pāʻani," kūʻē i ka. i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka US Israeli a me Arab GCC mau hoa.
Ke kākau ʻana ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania waiwai Times Ma ka lā 27 o Kepakemapa i hala, ua manaʻo ʻo Geoff Dyer lāua ʻo Najmeh Bozorgmehr i ka hui ʻana o US - Iran "ʻo ia kekahi o nā hoʻololi geopolitical nui loa mai ke kaua anuanu."
ʻO ka US - alakaʻi i ka hoʻouka kaua kaua o Iraq ma 2003 me ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana o Iran, ʻo ia ke kali ʻana i kēlā me kēia puka makani e wehe ai e hoʻopaʻi i ka pau ʻana i ka makahiki ʻewalu o Iran - Iraq kaua, ʻo ia ka ʻO ke alakaʻi hope a me ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), ʻo Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, ua kanikau ʻo ia e "inu ʻana i ke kīʻaha ʻawaʻawa.”
I ka nānā ʻana, ua maopopo loa i kēia manawa ua hana like ʻo Iran i ka mea maikaʻi loa e uhaki i ka pau ʻana o ke ahi me Iraq a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kaua US ma Iraq ma ke ʻano he hoʻomau o ke kaua Iranian ma ke koho; ʻOiai e make ana nā koa ʻAmelika i nā tausani a ke hoʻopau nei ʻo Wakinekona i kāna kālā e nā piliona kālā o ka ʻauhau ʻauhau i hoʻolilo ʻia no kāna kaua ma Iraq, ke ʻohi nei ʻo Iran i ka ʻohi US ma laila me ka mālie akā hoʻomau.
I ka haʻalele ʻana o ka pūʻali koa hope loa o ʻAmelika mai Iraq i ka hopena o 2011, ua haʻalele lākou ma Baghdad kahi "kaʻina maluhia" i alakaʻi ʻia e ka US hoʻokahi - hānai ʻia ʻo Iraqi "kū'ē" i hoʻonoho ʻia e nā pūʻali kaua kaua US i ka mana i ʻewalu mau makahiki ma mua. me ka nānā ʻole i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia ka "kū'ē" like i hānai ʻia e Iran no ka manawa lōʻihi i loko o nā makahiki he ʻekolu mau makahiki o ka noho aliʻi ʻana o Saddam Hussein, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou kūpaʻa iā Iran i ka wā o ka noho ʻana o ʻAmelika iā Iraq.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maoli o nā aliʻi Iraqi i ka US a i ʻole ʻo Iran ua pohō a hiki i ka hakakā ʻana o Suria i hiki ʻole ai iā lākou ke hoʻomau i ka lehulehu me ka manaʻo ʻole.
US Ambivalent
Ma mua o kēia manawa, ʻO Iraq ma lalo o PM al-Maliki e hoʻopiʻi ana iā Iran ma Suria ʻoiai e hana mālie ana i kāna Strategic Framework Agreement (SFA), i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e al-Maliki me ka pelekikena mua o ʻAmelika ʻo George W. Bush ma Dekemaba 14. 2008.
Ua kākau ʻia ke aupuni o Al-Maliki i kāna kākoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻoponopono politika ʻana i ka hakakā ʻo Suria a kūʻē i kekahi hoʻonā kaua e pili ana iā ia a me kona kūʻē ʻana i ka "hana ʻē aʻe" ma Suria, ʻo ka US i hoʻopaʻa ʻia inā "palena" a ʻaʻole palena ʻole e kūʻē iā ia. ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā kipi Suria a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kā lākou misionari me ka logistic, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka hui Arab League i kona mau lālā, ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā hoʻopaʻi unilateral Arab, US a me EU ma luna o ka ʻāina, a me kā Arab League a me ka Pelekikena US ʻo Barak Obama e kāhea ana i ka Pelekikena Suria Bashar al-Assad e "haʻalele i lalo, " no laila e hui pū me Rusia, Kina a me Iran.
ʻO Raymond Tanter, ka pelekikena o ka US Iran Policy Committee, e kākau ana i loko The Hill i ka lā 20 o Kepakemapa i hala, ua kapa ʻia ʻo "The Baghdad regime" he "naysayer" a me ka "mea hana hewa" o ka US a noʻonoʻo "he aha ka waiwai o kekahi o nā ʻelele nui loa o ʻAmelika i ka honua inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā diplomats ʻAmelika ke hoʻohuli i ke aupuni Iraqi" hoʻokō i kāna ʻaelike SFA.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻole ʻia ka US.
Ma ka lā 14 o Kepakemapa i hala, ua ʻike ʻo Ramesh Sepehrrad i kahi hōʻike UPI, "ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ʻole, ke kānalua nei ʻo Wakinekona e hoʻopaʻa iā Baghdad" no kāna kūlana Suria.
I ka wā ma mua, ua hāʻawi ʻo Pelekikena Obama i ka wehewehe: ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka US a me Iraqi pane i ka hakakā Suria he mau "kūʻokoʻa maʻamau," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Obama ma Dekemaba 12, 2011, i ʻōlelo ʻia e CBS News, me ka hoʻohui ʻana he "ʻaʻohe kānalua" ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ka "naysaying" Iraqi i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka mea a Iran e makemake ai e ʻike. ʻO ka Pelekikena ʻAmelika, e like me kāna mea ma mua o Bush, hilinaʻi iā al-Maliki, akā inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hilinaʻi i ka SFA hoʻolālā bilateral e hoʻopaʻa iā ia.
Ma mua o ka US-Russian hope loa e pili ana i ka Syrian chemical mea kaua arsenal, Washington, e like me ka SFA, noi aku iā Baghdad e nānā i ka mokulele Iraqi i loko o ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka US ma Suria, e pale ai iā Iran mai ka hoʻohana ʻana, kahi pūʻali koa Iraqi. i haʻi aku iā al-Arab Lākana i kēlā me kēia lā i ka lā 10 Kepakemapa i hala.
I ka lā 15 o ʻAukake i hala iho nei, ua alakaʻi pū ke Kuhina o ko nā ʻāina ʻē o al-Maliki, ʻo Hoshyar Zebari, me kāna hoa ʻAmelika, ʻo John Kerry, i ka hālāwai ma Wakinekona, DC o ke Kōmike Hoʻohui Kūʻē Political and Diplomatic Joint Coordination Committee (JCC), i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke ʻano he he hopena o ka SFA. Ua ʻae lākou e hōʻuluʻulu i ka JCC hou ma Baghdad.
Ma ka ʻōlelo hui i hoʻopuka ʻia ma hope o ka hālāwai, "Ua hoʻokūpaʻa nā ʻelele ʻelua i kā lākou kūpaʻa e pani a hoʻomau i ka hana palekana, me ka ʻike ʻana i kēia ʻano me ka Memorandum of Understanding no ka hana palekana i kau inoa ʻia ma ka Defense and Security JCC i Dekemaba 2012, ka hui hui mua o US-Iraq. ʻO ke Kōmike Koa (JMC) i mālama ʻia e US Central Command i Iune 2013.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaneʻane hoʻokūkū ʻia kēia hilinaʻi hoʻolālā US i kēlā me kēia lā ma Iraq.
ʻO ke Kuhina Kākoʻo Iraqi ʻo Saadoun al-Dulaimi aia ma Tehran i ka lā 26 Kepakemapa i hala aku nei me kāna hoa Iranian Brigadier General Hussein Dehqan i kahi kuʻikahi pale bilateral, i ʻōlelo ʻia e Iran Rear Admiral Ali Shamkhani ua mākaukau ʻo Iran "e hoʻonui ... ma ka pae hoʻolālā i nā mea āpau. kahua, e like me www.tasnimnews.com i ka lā hoʻokahi.
I ka lā ma mua, Ua kākau ʻo Sarah Bertin, kahi mea noiʻi ma ka American Foreign Policy Council ma Wakinekona, DC, e ʻōlelo ana ma ka huakaʻi a al-Dulaimi: "Ke neʻe hou nei ʻo Iraq i ka orbit o Iran."
I kekahi mau lā ma hope mai, ua hōʻike ka ʻoihana nūhou Fars i ka pūʻali koa Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) o nā pūʻali Navy Ali Fadavi a me kāna hoa Iraqi ʻo Ali Hussein Ali i hoʻopaʻa inoa i kahi MoU e pili ana i ka ʻaelike pili moana.
ʻO ʻOkakopa i hala aku nei, ua kau inoa ke Kuhina Kuhina o ke Kuhina Nui ʻo Brigadier General Ahmad Vahidi lāua ʻo al-Dulaimi i kahi palapala o ka launa pū ʻana o ka bilateral ma ke kahua pale.
ʻO ka ʻaelike bilateral e pili ana i ka hana wili ʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Ahwaz i ka hopena o ka mahina i hala aku nei ʻo ia ka piko o kahi hau hau o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻano like ʻole, me ke kinoea, ka aila, ka ikehu a me nā pipelines i kūʻai ʻia he mau piliona kālā, a Iraq i pūlima ai me Iran. ma lalo o ka malu o ka noho ʻana o ka US mai 2003 a me ka malu o ka US-Iraq SFA ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o nā pūʻali koa US mai ka ʻāina.
Ka Hoʻololi ʻana i nā Pili Tactical i Hoʻolālā
Ua hoʻololi koke ʻia ka nui o ka bilateral Iraq - Iraql i kahi pilina o ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolālā, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā ʻaoʻao pro-Iran a me nā ʻaoʻao e hoʻomalu ana ma Baghdad, i hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi kāʻei o kahi hui Shiite sectarian pili i ka Persian hikina hoalauna a kiaʻi ʻia e ko lākou ʻO nā pūʻali koa sectarian, ka mea i hoʻopau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi pūʻali koa aupuni a me ke aupuni kūloko ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao Muslim ʻē aʻe mai ka hāʻule ʻole o ka "kaʻina maluhia" a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā lākou e hana a hōʻoia i kā lākou antithesis sectarian i alakaʻi ʻia e al-Qaeida.
"No nā kumu maopopo, ʻaʻole kamaʻilio ākea ka poʻe Iran e pili ana i kā lākou hana ma Iraq," akā "ua maopopo ka hiki iā Iran ke hoʻohana i ka mana nui ma Iraq i kēia lā," ʻo Kenneth M. Pollack, he hoa kiʻekiʻe ma ka Saban Center for Middle East Policy ma Brookings Institution, i kākau i ka lā 3 Iune i hala.
Wahi a kahi ʻatikala i hōʻike ʻia e Tehran Bureau, ka US Institute of Peace (USIP), a me ka Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars a paʻi ʻia i ka hopena o Nowemapa i ka makahiki i hala, "ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Iran iā Iraq e hoʻomoʻi i ka aila hou. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia e pili kokoke ʻo Iraq me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, nā mokuʻāina Arab a me Turkey. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Iran iā Iraq e hoʻomohala i kahi pūʻali koa pale koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke kūpono, makemake ʻo Iran e loaʻa iā Iraq ma lalo o kona manamana lima, akā e hoʻomau i kona kūʻokoʻa a me kona mana. "
Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻole ʻia ka US. ʻO Pollack ka wehewehe penei: "ʻOiai ʻo Wakinekona a me Tehran e ʻōlelo nei e kūʻē i kekahi, ʻo ka mea a Iraqis i ʻike ai - ma ka liʻiliʻi loa mai 2010, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi - ʻo ia ka poʻe ʻAmelika a me nā Iranians e hoʻoikaika ana i nā ʻaoʻao like: i ke aloha o (PM). al-) Maliki e kū'ē i nā kū'ē a pau, a me nā hana hoʻomāinoino hou. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka nui o nā Iraqi e manaʻoʻiʻo ʻaʻole maopopo ʻo ʻAmelika i kāna mau pono ponoʻī, a i ʻole ke kūʻai aku nei mākou iā lākou i nā Iranians no kahi mea hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo.
I nā hōʻailona a pau, ʻo Iran a me ʻAmelika, inā i ka hoʻokūkū a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana, e hoʻomau ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki mai ana e hoʻololi i ka mana a me ke kūʻokoʻa o Iraq, akā "Pono e hoʻomanaʻo mau i ka wā o ka noho ʻana o Iraq, ua lilo ia i lāhui kanaka. ʻāina" a ʻaʻole e hāʻule i ke kūlana o kahi mokuʻāina o ka mea kūʻai aku ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a i Iran paha, i ka nānā ʻana i ka Washington-based, Tony Cordesman, he mea loiloi ma ka Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), i ʻōlelo ʻia e Al – ʻO Arabia satellite TV station ma Iulai 25 i ka makahiki i hala.
ʻO Nicola Nasser he mea kākau moʻolelo ʻArabia kahiko i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Birzeit, West Bank o nā ʻāina Palestine i noho ʻia e ka ʻIseraʻela. [pale ʻia ka leka uila]
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