Hamau a me nā ihoiho. Ke noho nei ma ka papaʻaina, i loko o kahi lumi kuke e wehe ana i kahi pā ākea i kāhiko ʻia me nā mea kanu a me nā kumulāʻau, nā wahine o nā makahiki āpau a me nā kāne ʻōpio loa e waiho ana i nā mea kanu i loko o nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka wela o ka lapalapa. ʻO nā ʻōhumu, ʻakaʻaka a me nā kukui; he lewa o ka mysticism a me ka ʻuhane no kahi hana hui e hoʻolauleʻa ai i ke ola. ʻO ke keʻena nui o CONAMURI [2] he wahi mālie e hoʻohui i ka hana me ka pilina, e like me ke ola campesino i hoʻohua hou.
Ke hoʻomākaukau nei nā lālā o ka hui no ka ʻai a me nā huahana mahiʻai Jakaru Porã Haguã ("No laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻai maikaʻi," ma Guaraní), ka mea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā mea hana liʻiliʻi mai nā keʻena Paraguayan he nui i ke kikowaena o Asunción. Kū ka hana no kekahi manawa, hoʻopau ʻia e nā moʻolelo, nā manaʻo, nā maka, a me nā hāmau. Hāʻawi ka pōʻai i ka ikehu e kono ai i kekahi e komo.
Aia ma hope o ka hale o Maria he wahi nui kahi āna i hanai puaʻa ai. ʻO ka hānai puaʻa kahi hana nui ma Los Bañados, ka ʻāina waikahe o ke kapikala, kahi i hoʻolaʻa hou ai nā hanauna ʻekolu i ka ʻāina ma ke kaua ʻana i kahi muliwai e kahe mau ana. Hāʻawi ʻo Maria iā mākou i kahi wai a hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻonohonoho i nā noho e hoʻopiha ʻia e nā wahine mai ka barrio, ma waena o lākou ʻo Carmen, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i CODECO [3], a me Patricio, ke kāne wale nō i loko o ka hui.
Hoʻomaka lākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka nūhou ma Los Bañados, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hana weliweli ʻo Franja Costera [ʻaoʻao kahakai] e hoʻoweliweli nei i ka "urbanize" i kahi barrio o 150,000 mau kānaka. Mahalo i ka hana koʻikoʻi o ke kaiāulu i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina, ua mahalo nui ʻia ka ʻāina e ka poʻe speculators waiwai. ʻO ka waikahe hope loa i ʻelua mahina i hala aku nei, ʻo ia ke kumu i hoʻohana ʻia e nā luna e hoʻololi hou i nā hoʻoweliweli e kipaku aku i nā tausani mai ko lākou mau home. Hōʻike ʻo Maria i ke alanui e noho ai, ʻo ia ka palena i hoʻonoho ʻia e ke aupuni no nā ʻohana e kipaku ʻia a luku ʻia nā hale.
ʻO kēia mau hui ʻelua—hoʻokahi kuaʻāina me nā campesinas a me nā wahine ʻōiwi a ʻo kekahi kūlanakauhale me nā lālā o ka papa hana o Asunción—he ʻokoʻa loa. Akā he mau mea like ko lākou: He ʻoihana no ke kūʻē ʻana o ke kaiāulu i ka holomua o ke kapikala ma luna o ko lākou mau ola (soy a agrotoxins a i ʻole nā manaʻo waiwai waiwai, i kēia mau hihia), ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lālā he wahine, a ua wehe lākou i ka hana me nā ʻōpio. nā kāne.
ʻIkepili me ka ʻae ʻole
"Me ka hui kaiaulu e ho'āʻo nei mākou e hoʻokumu i kahi pilina ma waena o ke kūlanakauhale a me ke kua'āina," wahi a kahi leo mai ka pōʻai. "Ma o kā mākou ʻai a me kā mākou meaʻai kūlohelohe e hoʻopili ai mākou i ke kaona i ke kua'āina, kahi pilina e luku nei ka holomua o ka ʻoihana agro."
ʻOi aku ma mua o 40% o ka heluna kanaka o Paraguay ma ke kua'āina, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hana soy. Mai ka hāʻule ʻana o ka dictatorship Alfredo Stroessner i ka makahiki 1989, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka nui o nā campesinos mai ko lākou ʻāina. I ka makahiki 1980, 60% o ka heluna kanaka e noho ana ma ke kuaaina.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale nā aupuni holomua, me ka Fernando Lugo holomua (2008-2012), i ka 70% o ka waihona kālā mahiʻai no ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mahiʻai nui. Loaʻa i nā mahiʻai ʻohana he 5% wale nō o nā kālā aupuni; o kēlā helu he 15% wale nō ka loaʻa kālā. [4]. He ʻumikūmālima campesino a me nā hui kaiaulu i hoʻomaka i kahi hoʻolaha kūʻē iā Monsanto ma ka World Food Day i ka wā o ka hālāwai Heñoi Jey Paraguay (Na hua o kahi Paraguay hou). Mai ka mahina ʻo Iune 2012, i ka wā i wehe ʻia ai ʻo Lugo mai ke keʻena, ua ʻae ʻia ʻehiku mau mea kanu genetically modified.
Ua nāwaliwali nā hui campesino nui i kēia manawa; ʻo ko lākou hiki ke kāhea i ka hana he mea liʻiliʻi. "Ua pau ka hegemony o ka neʻe kahiko campesino," wahi a Perla mai kahi kihi, e wehe ana i ka puka wai o nā manaʻo. "ʻAʻole mākou e ʻae iā mākou iho e nāwaliwali no ka mea pili mākou i nā mea hou e hoʻomohala ana i ke kūlanakauhale, e like me nā hale kūʻai, a no ka mea hoʻohui mākou i nā ʻōpio," wahi a Maria. Ua ʻae ʻo Carina, “ʻAʻole hakakā ko mākou mau alakaʻi no nā kūlana a me ke kālā. He ʻoiaʻiʻo lākou.
Pane mai ʻo Maria, “ʻAʻole mākou e kūʻai aku nā wahine, ʻaʻole mākou e hana kuʻikahi, ʻaʻole mākou e kūkākūkā. ʻAʻole mākou e kūʻai aku. A no ka hōʻoia ʻana ʻaʻohe kānalua, hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻO kā mākou hui ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā papahana me ka Moku'āina." Eia hou, hoʻoikaika ʻo Carina i ka manaʻo, "ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike a me ka maopopo ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ka mana." He ʻōlelo hoʻohewa kūwaho kēia no nā alakaʻi i kapa ʻole ʻia e kekahi - ma muli paha o ke kaumaha, a i ʻole no ka mea he mau lālā lākou o ka hui.
ʻO Cefe (doña Ceferina), ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i CONAMURI, e noʻonoʻo mālie: "Ua lilo ke kūkākūkā i mea hewa a hoʻopau lākou i kahi pahu piha." Akaka mālie ka panorama: Nui nā campesino a me nā alakaʻi hui i paʻa i nā kūlana hilinaʻi ma ke aupuni Lugo a haʻalele i ko lākou kumu. ʻAʻole kēia mau wāhine. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole lākou i kūʻai aku e hāʻawi i ka legitimacy i kā lākou neʻe ʻana a waiho iā lākou i waenakonu o ke kūʻē ʻana i ke kumu hoʻokele waiwai i hoʻokūkū ʻia e Pelekikena Horacio Cartes o ka ʻaoʻao Colorado.
"ʻO ka hema ma Paraguay kahi moʻolelo pōkole loa," wahi a Alicia. "He nui ka entanglement, ka nui o ka authoritarianism. He nui nā hewa o ke kapikala ma ka hema, nā hewa o ka ʻākau.[5]. Hāʻawi ke alakaʻi ʻōpio o CONAMURI i kahi laʻana: ʻO nā hui e like me Frente Guasú, nona ka hapa nui o ka hema, ʻaʻole hōʻike hou i nā neʻe ʻana i ka nohona. "ʻO ka mea wale nō a lākou i noʻonoʻo ai ʻo ia ka mana a ʻo wai ka mea e lilo i moho no ka oihana.[6]".
Wahi a kāna loiloi, ua pili ka maloʻo i nā tausani o nā campesinos e pono e neʻe. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Alicia, ua nalowale nā kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa, a hiki i ke ʻano "ʻaʻohe mea ʻai ma ke kuaʻāina." ʻAʻole i hui pū ʻo Lugo me lākou, ʻaʻole hoʻi ʻo Frente Guasú. Ma ka lā 6 o Mei, [2012], hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni, ua hoʻohewa nā neʻe i ka Front ma kahi kamaʻilio, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua ʻoi aku ka hewa ma mua o ka pono. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Lugo a me ka hema mai nā neʻe. “A pēlā ka hoʻokahuli aupuni”[7].
Loaʻa i nā wahine o CONAMURI kā lākou loiloi ponoʻī i ka ʻike pilikanaka a me ka politika, e komo pū ana me ka hoʻohewa pono ʻana i nā hui campesino. Ma waena o nā hui 23 a me nā neʻe kaiāulu i nīnau ʻia ma ka puke Golpe a la democracia [Blow to Democracy], kū i waho ka nānā ʻana o nā wahine no ka mea ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka hoʻokahuli ʻēheu ʻākau a me nā mea nona ka ʻāina nui, akā pili pū kekahi i nā pilikia a me nā distortions i nā neʻe kaulana.
Ke kū'ē nei i ka manaʻo manaʻo waiwai
Ke hilinaʻi nei ma hope o kona noho, ʻaʻole hūnā ʻo Maria i kona huhū. Ke hoʻomau nei ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka megaproject ma kahakai me ka wikiwiki ʻole. Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Parque del bicentenario a me Avenida Costanera [Bicentennial Park a me Coastal Avenue], ʻoiai he kakaikahi ka poʻe i maopopo i ka pilina ma waena o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka waikahe i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Hāʻule kona hale i loko o ka palena o ka ʻāpana e hū ʻia paha e "urbanize" Los Bañados.
Mai ka makahiki 1950, ua noho ʻia nā ʻāina marshlands ma waena o nā palena o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka muliwai Paraguay e nā campesinos i hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ke kuaʻāina me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hānai pipi. Hoʻokahi haneri kanalima tausani kānaka e noho ana ma kēia mau ʻāina wai o Asunción—ma waena o 15 a me 20 pakeneka o ka poʻe noho ma ke kapikala. He kanaono pākēneka o lākou ma lalo o 20 makahiki; 85 pakeneka noho i na aina aupuni; he 15 pakeneka wale no ka poe i loaa i ko lakou waiwai. [8]
ʻO nā mea a pau i loko o nā barrios o Los Bañados - nā alanui, nā hale pule, nā kukui, ka wai, nā keʻena olakino, nā kikowaena kaiaulu, a me nā kula - ua kūkulu ʻia me ke kōkua ʻana. No ka hoʻonanea ʻana i nā barrios, "pono mākou e loaʻa i nā pāʻina meaʻai he nui, raffles, hoʻonohonoho i nā pāʻina moa a i ʻole spaghetti, a lawe i nā hōʻiliʻili he nui"[9]. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻohana 17,000 ma nā palapala ʻāina kūhelu, e hōʻike ana i nā papahana e kūkulu ʻia nei.
Mai ka makahiki 2007, i ka wā i wela ai ke kumu hoʻohālike kālā, me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka monocrop ma ke kuaʻāina a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka waiwai i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, ua lana kahi papahana kahiko. ʻAʻole ʻike kēia mau hoalauna i ka nui o ka papahana, akā ke ulu nui nei ka ʻike ʻana i ka holomua o ke kūkulu ʻana. Ke manaʻo nei ʻo Franja Costera e "hoʻihoʻi" i ka 1,000 mau ʻeka mai El Bañado Norte a me 1,000 mai El Bañado Sur, kahi i manaʻo ʻia e hana i kahi kahua ʻoihana a kūkulu i kahi awa hou.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā no Bañado Norte e hoʻopiha i ka hapalua no ka "hoʻopukapuka pilikino," me 82 mau ʻeka no kahi papa kolepa a me kahi hoʻomaha, 20 no kahi paka ʻenehana ʻike a me ka kamaʻilio, 22 no kahi hale hālāwai, a me 113 mau ʻeka no kahi wahi noho. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia he 500 ʻeka no kahi mālama kaiaola—he hoʻoholo i hana ʻia me ka ʻike ʻole o ka lehulehu-no ka mea, kū nā manu lele mai Kanada mai. Hoʻopuni ka ʻāina i ka Club Mbiguá kūʻokoʻa.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Parque del Bicentenario i ka wā o ka hoʻokele ʻo Lugo, a i ka makahiki 2012 ua wehe ʻia ʻo Avenida Costanera, ʻehā mau ala ma kahi ʻāina nui ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai, he mau mika ma luna o nā hale ʻilihune o ke kūlanakauhale. Huhū nā hoalauna. I ka hāʻawi ʻana aku o ke kaona i 22 mau ʻeka i ka pono wai, ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻehiku ʻohana wale nō i noho ma laila, me ka nānā ʻole i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he 420 mau ʻohana i noho ma ia wahi no nā makahiki he 20 a ʻoi aku [10].
ʻO kēia ka mea e pili ana i nā ʻoihana waiwai e like me Centro de Eventos Talleyrand Costanera [11] a i ʻole ka Complejo Barrail [12], nā hale kiaʻi keʻena a me nā hale noho, nā panakō, nā hale kūʻai kūʻai, a me nā ʻoihana o kēlā me kēia ʻano me ka hoʻohui ʻia o ka nānā ʻana i ke kai kūʻono. I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua lawe ka manaʻo ʻāina kūlanakauhale iā Los Bañados ma ka hoʻouka ʻana, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o kona poʻe kamaʻāina.
"Ma hea mākou e hele ai inā mākou i noho ma ʻaneʻi i ko mākou ola a pau?" Pahū ʻo María. Hōʻike ʻo Carmen, Ada, a me Patricio i ka manaʻo like. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo CODECO i nā makahiki he 12 i hala aku nei, i hoʻopili ʻia i ka hana a kahi kaiāulu kūloko ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao Jesuit Fe y Alegría. Ua puka mai ʻo Carmen mai kēlā neʻe ʻana, e like me ka nui o nā kamaʻāina i hana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaiāulu a i kēia manawa ke hakakā nei e pale i ka hoʻokuke ʻia. "ʻO ka holomua nui o ke kūkulu ʻana i kahakai i ka wā o ka hoʻokele ʻo Lugo; no ka mea he aupuni aloha ia, ua hoʻokuʻu ka poʻe i kā lākou kiaʻi," wahi a kekahi o nā hoalauna.
ʻO CODECO he 11 barrios, kēlā me kēia me kona kōmike kaiāulu ponoʻī, a me ka hui o ka poʻe hana hou, ʻo ia hoʻi he 50 mau lālā e hoʻohana nei i nā kaʻa kaʻa huila ʻekolu e hana i kā lākou hana. Aia ma waena o 6,000 a me 7,000 ʻohana, a e like me ka ʻōlelo a Ada, ʻo nā wahine ka mea nāna e mālama i ka hui a me nā ʻohana ponoʻī. ʻO ka poʻe 30 i hoʻokumu i ka nucleus o ke kōmike hoʻonohonoho, ʻo 26 nā wahine e hui i kēlā me kēia pule, ma kahi o ka mālama ʻana i nā hālāwai ma nā barrios a me ka hana ʻana i nā pilikia hoʻokele.
"Aia kahi pilina ma waena o ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻohana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hakakā a me ka hui," noʻonoʻo ʻo Ada. Hele nā wāhine i waho e ʻohi i nā ʻōpala no ka hana hou ʻana, me ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa, a ʻo lākou ka poʻe nāna e mālama i nā holoholona holoholona, kiʻi i nā meaʻai na nā puaʻa, a kūʻai aku i ka pahu pahu hana hou. “Ua ʻoi aku ka kaʻawale o nā kāne mai ke ola kaiāulu; makemake lākou e hana ma waho ma nā kaʻa a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana, a ʻo nā wahine ke mālama i nā keiki e hana pū me ko lākou mau mākua ma hope o ke kula.
Pili i ka moʻomeheu politika hou
"I ka wā i hoʻomaka ai mākou e hana me nā kāne, ua paʻakikī loa," wahi a Perla. "ʻO ia ke kumu e hana wale ai mākou me nā ʻōpio." Pane ka hoʻoholo i ka "manaʻolana i loaʻa iā mākou e hana kēia mau kaʻina hana i nā ʻano pili kāne hou, a ʻo ka poʻe ʻōpio ka poʻe e kūkulu i kēlā mau pilina hou [13]. Ke mālama nei ʻo Perla "me ka ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ʻano mai nā ʻike ola, e like me nā hoʻomoana, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā manaʻo, nā hana." Aia i loko o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā kahi i hoʻohua ʻole ai ka mea i aʻo ʻia.
Mālama nā lālā o CONAMURI i ka "papa hana a me ka wahine campesino" ʻo ia ka mea nui o kā lākou mau papa ponoʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi ka Cursos para las Pytyvõhára (nā papa no nā mea kōkua a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonaʻauao). Ke aʻo nei kā lākou mau puke hana he hana mōʻaukala ke kāne "e pili ana i nā wahine, nā kāne, a me nā koho ʻokoʻa like ʻole, ʻo ia ke kumu e kamaʻilio ai mākou i nā kāne, ma ka plural"[14].
ʻAʻole kūʻē ko lākou hakakā ʻana i nā kāne, akā kūʻē i ka patriarchy, a wehewehe lākou iā lākou iho he "anti-capitalist, anti-patriarchy, a socialist." Hāʻawi lākou i nā pilina hou ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine, ka democratizing i ka hana home, kaʻana like ʻana i ka mana a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana a me ka "holomua i kā mākou ponoʻī, hoʻokele waiwai, a me ka politika e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i kā mākou mau hoʻoholo."
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana iā ʻoe iho, ka mālama ponoʻī a me ka hoʻohanohano iā ia iho e hānai i ka haʻaheo i ka hui ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā wahine no CONAMURI. Ua ʻae kēia iā lākou e lanakila i "nā hoʻolaha a nā hui ʻē aʻe e kūʻē iā CONAMURI", e like me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi o nā wahine ʻoiai ʻo ia e hana ana i ka lumi kuke o ka hui, e kau ana i nā wahi lau i loko o nā ʻeke.
Ua ʻōlelo hou aku ʻo Perla: “Mai ka wā i hoʻomaka ai mākou e hoʻokomo i nā kāne ʻōpio, ke hoʻokae ʻia nei lākou. Wahi a ka poʻe hele lākou i CONAMURI no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou he alakaʻi alakaʻi.
Kūlou nā poʻo o kekahi mau kāne ʻōpio i ka ʻae ʻana. "I loko o nā hui nui ʻaʻole lākou i ʻae iā mākou nā ʻōpio e komo, a ʻike mākou ʻaʻole e holo ʻia ʻo CONAMURI e nā ʻelua a ʻekolu wale nō, akā e nā mea a pau," wahi a kekahi o lākou. ʻO Cefe e hoʻomanaʻo ana ua hoʻomāʻewaʻewa kēia mau "macho kahiko" i nā kauoha iā lākou i ka makahiki 1998 i ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i CONAMURI. "He aha ka hana a kēia mau luahine ʻawaʻawa?," wahi a lākou.
Hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia ʻo ka hana ʻino i loaʻa iā lākou i koi iā lākou e haʻalele i ka MCP[15]. "ʻAʻole mākou kūʻē i nā kāne, makemake mākou e hele lima i ka lima. Me Lugo, ua hoʻāʻo nā alakaʻi campesino a pau e loaʻa nā kūlana. Ua hakakā lākou i waena o lākou iho no nā hana a ua nalowale ko lākou kumu, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻO Cefe.
"Ua pilikia nō hoʻi ke alakaʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke aupuni holomua. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole hegemonic ka neʻe ʻana o ka campesino, ʻoiai ua nalowale ke alakaʻi i ka waihona a me kona hiki ke nānā ʻia, "wahi a Perla.
Ma waena o nā neʻe Paraguayan ka ea o ka huikau, he pilikia o ka maopopo ʻole i mua o kahi hiʻohiʻona i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka holomua nui o ka pono, me kāna mau papahana privatization e makemake nui ana i nā mea nona ka ʻāina nui a me nā mea manaʻo waiwai nui.
Aia kekahi manaʻo o ka luhi, a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomau i ke ala palena like. Ke pili nei ʻo CODECO i ka ʻōpio. I ka makahiki 2012 ua lawe lākou i kahi papa kamaʻilio lekiō i ka wā i hāʻawi aku ai ka hale pule o barrio iā lākou i ka lekiō kaiaulu. He kanakolu keiki kāne a me nā kaikamāhine i komo, a he 10 i noho e hoʻomaka i kahi papahana lekiō me ke kākoʻo o kekahi wahine mai ka hui.
"ʻO ka maʻamau he mau keiki kāne a me nā kaikamahine a ka poʻe mai CODECO, komo kekahi me ko lākou makuahine i nā hālāwai a me nā hana. He hoaaloha lāua me kekahi, a no ka mea, hana lākou a pau, ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i nā kuleana, "wahi a Ada. ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa loa nā hui, ua like ka ʻike o CONAMURI. ʻO ke komo nui ʻana o nā wahine ʻōpio mai nā kaiāulu kumu, a me nā kāne, pinepine nā keiki a nā pūʻali koa, ke hana nei i kahi loli nui i ka moʻomeheu politika.
I loko o nā makahiki liʻiliʻi wale nō, ua hana lākou i "ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mana," ma o ke kaʻina o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa a me ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana a lākou i hoʻonohonoho pono ai, e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o Paraguay, nā hakakā campesinos a me kāna dictatorship. I loko o ko lākou mau ʻohana ponoʻī lākou e hana ikaika me kā lākou mau keikikāne a me kā lākou mau kaikamahine, akā pū kekahi me kā lākou mau hoa pili, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa e pau ai ka pilina. I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua wehewehe mai ʻo Magui Balbuena, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i CONAMURI, e haʻalele ana ʻo ia i kahi kikowaena āna i mālama ai i ka hui. Ua hoʻohui kāna kaikamahine ʻo Martha e hoʻomaka ana lākou e hoʻohui i nā kāne.
Aia kekahi mea e pili ana i nā hui kahi i mana nui ai nā wahine a me nā ʻōpio e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. Aia kekahi kumu i emi iho ai ka hapalua o nā Zapatista ma mua o 20 mau makahiki a he nui ka poʻe o lākou he wahine. ʻO lākou ka ʻāpana o ke kaiāulu i hōʻemi ʻia e ka moʻomeheu politika hegemonic. Ma Los Bañados, hana lākou i ka hakakā ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ma ka "hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi."
ʻO ka ʻike o CONAMURI "he maikaʻi" wahi a kahi wahine e hana pū ana me nā hui wahine. "Hana lākou i kā lākou mau lula ponoʻī a hahai iā lākou ma ke ʻano hoʻonaʻauao, ʻaʻole me ka huhū, akā me ke kuleana a me ke kūpaʻa. ʻOiai e ʻeha paha, haʻi mai lākou iā mākou i nā mea i ko mākou alo.
ʻO ka hilinaʻi, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka ʻuhane o ke kaiāulu ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nā paio. "ʻAʻole lākou e mālama i kā lākou hoʻohewa ʻana i loko, no ka mea inā ʻoe e hana, ma hope e pahū a hāʻule nā mea āpau." ʻAʻole hiki ke loli e like me ka manawa o ka uaki, akā ma ka manawa e lawe ai kēlā me kēia kanaka.
I kekahi manawa, pono lākou e ʻimi i kahi inoa no kēia moʻomeheu hou e hoʻomaka ana e wehe liʻiliʻi, ma nā wahi e hoʻomalu ʻia ai ka manaʻo pilikino a me ka machismo. I kēia manawa ua lawa ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana aia kekahi mau neʻe non-institutional me nā pilina paʻa i nā kaiāulu kumu a me kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho kūpono, e hoʻohou ana i ka moʻomeheu politika. He hana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻohou ʻana i ke kūʻē.
ʻO Raúl Zibechi He kanaka kālailai honua no ka Brecha i kēlā me kēia pule ma Montevideo, ke kaukaʻi a me ka mea noiʻi e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka nohona ma Multiversidad Franciscana de América Latina, a me ke kākāʻōlelo i nā hui kumu ʻāina. Kākau ʻo ia i kolamu mahina no ka Polokalamu ʻAmelika (www.cipamericas.org).
Unuhi ʻia e Barbara Belejack
memo:
[1] Ua hiki kēia ʻatikala ma muli o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā wahine mai kekahi mau hui: Perla Álvarez, Alicia Amarilla, Ceferina Guerrero a me Ana Resquín, Carina a me María mai CONAMURI; ʻO Carmen Castillo lāua ʻo María García o CODECO; ʻO Ada lāua ʻo Marta o Serpaj, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻomanaʻo i ko lākou mau inoa a ke hāʻawi aku nei au i kahi kalahala. Ua komo pū kekahi mau kāne ʻōpio.
[2] Coordinate Nacional de Organizaciones de Mujeres Trabajadoras Rurales a me Indígenas.
[3] Coordinatadora de Defensa Comunitaria.
[5] Elizabeth Duré, Guillermo Ortega, Marielle Palau a me Luis Rojas Villagra, "Golpe de la democracia", BASE-IS, Asunción, 2012, p. 110.
[6] Idem, p. 114.
[7] Idem, p. 115.
[8] “Boletín Especial de Información y Análisis”, No. 7, Serpaj, Kepakemapa 2013.
[9] Idem, p. 3.
[10] Idem, p. 4.
[11] E nana http://talleyrand.com.py/
[12] E nana http://www.ultimahora.com/grupo-barrail-construye-edificio-oficinas-vista-la-bahia-n274731.html
[13] Nīnauele me Perla Álvarez ma ʻO Roky (Bulletin of CONAMURI), Helu 10, Nowemapa 2011.
[14] “Géneros, patriarcado, feminismo”, Curso de Formación de Pytyvõhára, CONAMURI, Asunción, Feberuari 2012.
[15] ʻO Movimiento Campesino Paraguayo, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1980, kahi huahana o las Ligas Agrarias a, i kekahi manawa ʻo ka hui hoʻokahi, unifying campesinos.
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