Inā, i hoʻokahi pule i hala aku nei, ua hāʻawi aku kekahi o kaʻu mau haumāna Intro to Peace Studies i ka haʻiʻōlelo i hāʻawi ʻia e Pelekikena Obama ma Norewai, inā ua hāʻawi wau i kēlā haumāna i kahi C-.
He aha? He ʻano haʻahaʻa ʻo ia, ʻōlelo ʻōlelo, ʻike ʻia, ʻoluʻolu—pehea e hiki ai i ke kumu aʻoaʻo maluhia ke ʻano hoʻomāʻewaʻewa, hoʻokiʻekiʻe, a hyperbolic?
No ka mea.
No ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā Gandhi ma ke ʻano he mana a laila hoʻāʻo e hōʻole iā Gandhi. Ua haʻi ʻo ia iā Kauka King ʻaʻole he mana wale nō akā he sine qua non i kāna pelekikena ʻo Obama—a laila kapa ʻia nā hana a King ʻaʻole hiki ke hana no ke poʻo aupuni.
No ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "ʻAʻole hiki i kahi neʻe kūʻokoʻa ke hoʻōki i nā pūʻali koa o Hitler." Aia kekahi haumāna maikaʻi ma kaʻu kula ma Full Factoid Alert ma ka lohe ʻana i kēlā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, kahi i hoʻāʻo ʻia ai ka nonviolence e kūʻē i ka Nazis ua lanakila. E nīnau i nā kumu Norewai, nā hiʻohiʻona wiwo ʻole o ke kūʻē kūʻē ʻole iā Quisling's Hitlerism. Ua make kekahi o ia mau kumu ma nā hale paʻahao ʻo Arctic ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana i ka Nazism a ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Vidkun Quisling i kēlā mau kumu no kona hoʻololi ʻole i ka moʻomeheu Norewai. E nīnau i nā wahine Iudaio ʻole o nā kāne Iudaio i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kāne i loko o ka hale paʻahao ma Rosenstrausse, ʻehā mau poloka mai ke keʻena nui o SS, a ʻo kā lākou hoʻopilikia wiwo ʻole ʻana i kēlā hale i alakaʻi ai i nā kūkākūkā me nā Nazi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kā lākou mau kāne. E nīnau aku i nā mamo Iudaio o ka 7,000+ mau Iudaio Denemaka i hoʻopakele ʻia mai ka hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻana e ka poʻe Danemaka ʻole, a i ʻole e nīnau i nā moʻopuna wahine a nā Iudaio i hoʻopakele ʻia ma Le Chambon, Farani, me ka pilikia nui i nā mamo o ka ʻāina. Huguenots nāna i hoʻomalu iā lākou. ʻAe, he mau hana sporadic a ʻae ʻia kēia mau mea - hoʻonohonoho i ka nonviolence versus Nazis - akā ua hāʻawi mai ka haʻawina ʻo Peace Studies iā mākou i kahi ʻālohilohi o nā hiki o ia ʻano hoʻolālā quixotic a ʻaʻohe mea e loaʻa i ka ʻōlelo aʻo paʻa mai kēlā me kēia kahua. kuhi hewa ʻole e like me kā Obama i hana ai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, manaʻo wau i kaʻu Intro to Nonviolence haumāna e hana i kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻē aʻe e nā midterms ma ka hope loa.
No ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pelekikena Obama, "Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au e pono nā lāhui a pau, ikaika a nāwaliwali hoʻi, i nā kūlana e hoʻokele ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika." Ua ʻike kaʻu mau haumāna ua pale ʻia nā kānaka kīwila a ua alakaʻi ʻo Pelekikena Obama i nā hoʻouka kaua drone unmanned i pepehi ʻia he 800 mau makaʻāinana, me nā keiki. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau hoʻouka kaua e hoʻomāʻewaʻewa a hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ʻia e nā pūʻali Taliban ʻōiwi e hōʻike ana he makaʻu wale ka pūʻali koa o Obama e hele mai e hālāwai me lākou, ua hewa lākou a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kipi no ka Taliban kipi a me nā mea hoʻoweliweli al-Qaʻida. Ua ʻike nā haumāna Peace Studies i kēia mau mea āpau, a ʻoi aku ka nui, e pili ana i nā kuhi hewa, nā kūlana hoʻokamani a me nā hoʻohuli ʻana o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i hāʻawi ʻia ma Oslo e ko mākou pelekikena.
Manaʻo wau e ʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho i hoʻokahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai ka honua o ka maluhia - ʻaʻole ka maluhia o ke aupuni akā ʻo ka maluhia o ke kamaʻilio a me ke kūkākūkā, ka ikaika ʻole a me ka hana nui. A laila, inā lawe ʻo ia i kekahi mau papa haʻawina maluhia, he haumāna paha ʻo ia. Hoʻi mai kāna hoʻāʻo mua me kahi C-, akā naʻe. ʻO ka pōʻino loa ka lohe ʻana o ka honua holoʻokoʻa a ʻoi loa ka pōʻino o kona naʻaupō e lilo i ke koko a me ka waiwai o ka US, Afghanistan, nā ʻāina NATO a me Pakistan.
Ua aʻo ʻo Tom H. Hastings i nā papa maluhia a me ka nonviolence ma ke Kulanui o Portland State a alakaʻi iā PeaceVoice, kahi papahana o ka Oregon Peace Institute. Noho ʻo ia ma Whitefeather Peace House ma Portland ʻākau.
Hāʻawi kālā ʻia ʻo ZNetwork ma o ka lokomaikaʻi o kāna poʻe heluhelu.
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