ʻO ka hoʻohenehene hohonu o ka "kaʻina maluhia" Israeli-Palestinian i hahau mua iaʻu i ka makahiki 1996 i koʻu holo ʻana ma ke Komohana Komohana mai Heberona a i Ierusalema. Ua hoʻohuli au i ke alanui nui i puka i loko o nā kauhale Palestine a me nā kahua hoʻomoana a hele i ke komohana i Kiryat Arba. Ma kēlā noho ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela, ua kūkulu ka poʻe mahalo i kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka lua kupapaʻu no Baruch Goldstein, ka mea noho mai Brooklyn mai, i ka makahiki 1994, ua pepehi ʻia ʻo 29 Palestinians ma ke ana o nā Patriarchs o Heberona. Mai ka hale pule kukui kukui o ka noho ʻana, ʻoki au i ka ʻākau, a ʻike koke wau iaʻu iho ma ke ala mālie a me ke aniani "bypass". ʻO ke ala, e aʻo ai au, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea he nui i kūkulu ʻia e ka ʻIseraʻela, me nā wahi hou a me ka hoʻonui ʻana, e hiki ai i nā poʻe noho ke hele maʻalahi mai ko lākou mau mokupuni ʻo West Bank a i ka "ʻāina nui" o ka mokuʻāina Iudaio.
He mea kupanaha loa, noʻonoʻo naʻaupō wau, i koʻu hele ʻana i kēlā ala mehameha i Ierusalema i ke awakea hoʻoilo hina: ʻAʻole anei kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻāina e pono ai ka poʻe Palestine no ko lākou mokuʻāina? No ke aha lā, i waenakonu o ke kaʻina hana maluhia ʻo Oslo - ʻekolu makahiki ma hope o ka lulu lima kaulana ʻo Rabin-Arafat ma ka pā hale keʻokeʻo - e ʻae paha nā luna ʻIseraʻela i ke kūkulu ʻana i ʻike ʻia i ka noho ʻana o ka poʻe noho i ka ʻāina Palestinian?
He ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻopau kēia mau "ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka honua" post-Oslo i ke ala kuʻuna i ka maluhia. ʻO ka hopena o nā mokuʻāina ʻelua, ke kumu nui o nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻopau i ka pōʻino o ka ʻIseraʻela a me Palesetina mai 1967, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e ka mānoanoa maoli o nā hale noho ʻulaʻula o ka ʻIseraʻela, nā pūʻali koa, nā hale kiaʻi, a me ka pūnaewele o nā ala noho wale. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻIseraʻela mai ko lākou mau hale West Bank i ka pule ma ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Ierusalema, a i ʻole ke kūʻai aku a me ke kahakai ma Tel Aviv. Ua paʻa loa ka noho ʻana o ka Israeli West Bank i ka makahiki 2009, no laila ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia ke ola Palestinian - ma ke kino a me ka politika - i kēia manawa ke koi nei i nā gymnastics noʻonoʻo make-defying e noʻonoʻo pehea e hiki ai ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi hopena ʻelua mokuʻāina.
ʻElima Nīnau no kahi Israeli-Palestinian Future
ʻO George Mitchell, ke alakaʻi nui o ka Senate ma mua, ka ʻelele i mahalo nui ʻia a me ka noʻonoʻo pono o ka Hikina Hikina, e lawe mai i kāna mau akamai nui e hoʻokō i kēia pilikia ʻoi aku ka weliweli. Na Mitchell i ʻike nui ʻia i ka pono kūpono ʻōlelo hoʻohāhā mai kekahi mau lobbyists pro-Israeli paakiki a Kalikiano Ziona ka mea i maa, malalo o George W. Bush, i ka loaa ana o na mea a lakou i makemake ai; He hōʻailona kēia e hōʻike ana ka hele ʻana o Obama i ka ʻāina i kahi hoʻomaha maoli mai ka wā i hala.
I kahi hoike oiaio e like me Mitchell, nona nā ʻoiaʻiʻo a me nā manaʻo o nā kānaka ʻelua i manaʻo nui ʻia, hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonā kuʻuna ʻelua mokuʻāina i kēia manawa ma ke kākoʻo ola. I ka ʻike ʻana i kēlā, pono e mālama i ka noʻonoʻo ākea a mākaukau e nīnau i kekahi mau nīnau paʻakikī. Ma waena paha o lākou:
1. He aha ke ʻano o ka huakaʻi pau ʻole o ka hana ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela no kahi Palestine "hiki, pili"?
ʻO ke ala wale nō e hiki ai i kekahi ke hoʻomaopopo pono i nā kaukani ʻoki i hoʻokau ʻia ma ka hopena ʻelua mokuʻāina ma ke kaʻa ʻana ma ke Komohana Komohana. Ua hele au i kēia ʻāina i hoʻokahi haneli mau manawa mai ka makahiki 1994, ʻaʻole naʻe i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka lako o nā wahi noho a me ka mana o ka pūʻali koa ʻIseraʻela. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka "kaʻina maluhia" ʻo Oslo i ka makahiki 1993, ua lele ka poʻe o West Bank Jewish settler heluna kanaka mai 109,000 a 275,000 - a ʻaʻole kēia i komo i nā "kauhale" Iudaio ma Ierusalema Hikina, e lawe ana i ka huina o ka poʻe noho i ka hapalua. he miliona. Ma kahi o 230 mau hale noho a hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia "nā hale kiaʻi" i kēia manawa e kāʻei ʻia ana ma nā puʻu ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke Komohana Komohana, e kiʻekiʻe ana ma luna o nā kauhale Palestine i keʻokeʻo.
ʻO nā hale kiaʻi, kapu ʻenehana ma lalo o ke kānāwai ʻIseraʻela akā paipai ʻia e kekahi i loko o ke aupuni, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopili me nā noho nui e hana i kahi noho Iudaio mau loa ma ka ʻāina Palestine. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokele i kekahi wahi koʻikoʻi o West Bank me ka ʻole o ka hālāwai ʻana me kahi hoʻonohonoho, pou pūʻali koa, alanui noho, hale kiaʻi kiaʻi, pale alanui, kahi hoʻopaʻa paʻa, a i ʻole kahi "lele". Ua piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā pale o West Bank (nā alanui, nā mākaʻikaʻi, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe) ma kahi o 70% i nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala iho nei, a i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 625 - ma kahi ʻāina e like me ka nui o Delaware.
Pehea keia mau mea a pau hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i mea e hana ai i kahi mokuʻāina Palestinian "viable, contiguous" me he mea lā, he nīnau me ka pane ʻole. I ka wā o ke kamaʻilio ʻana o Camp David i ka makahiki 2000, a ma nā kūkākūkā hou ʻana ma waena o ke Kuhina Nui ʻIseraʻela ʻo Ehud Olmert a me Palestinian National Authority Pelekikena Mahmoud Abbas, ua nui ka kamaʻilio ʻana o nā "blocs settlement" i hoʻohui ʻia a me nā hoʻololi ʻāina e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kahi Palestine contiguous.
I ka nui o ka hiki ʻana o ka Palestine i haki ʻole ʻia - a he nui nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma hope o nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i kēia, ʻoiai ma waena o nā mea kūkākūkā ʻAmelika ma Camp David a hiki i ka makahiki 2000 - ʻo nā ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka ʻāina, i waiho ʻia ma laila e ka ʻIseraʻela. i kēia manawa ua hoʻomaka ka pilikia. Maps o na mea he nui "nā hoʻonā" hōʻike i ke Komohana Komohana i haki i loko i nā'āpana, ʻoki ʻia e nā pā, nā hale noho, nā pou koa, a me nā "ʻāpana palekana." Ma kahi mamao loa mai ka hopena o ka mokuʻāina ʻelua i manaʻo ʻia ma hope o ke kaua 1967, ua like nā palapala ʻāina o kēia lā e like me nā hoʻolaha no kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni sci-fi i kapa ʻia ʻo "The Incredible Shrinking Palestine."
2. Pehea e hiki ai i kahi moku'āina Palestinian ke ola i ka wā e noho ana kahi kūlanakauhale o 20,000 Israelis i waenakonu?
I 1978, Ariel, ke kūlanakauhale o ka poʻe Iudaio, ua hoʻokumu ʻia, ma luna o ka US a me nā kūʻē honua, ma ka puʻuwai o ka moku West Bank o Salfit. Hoʻokahi hapakolu o ia mea e lele ana i ka ʻāina Palestine. ʻO ka "paʻa palekana" o ka ʻIseraʻela (i ʻike ʻia ʻo "ka pā apartheid" i nā Palestinians), ka mea e hahai ana i ka palena o ka ʻIseraʻela me ke Komohana Komohana, ʻaʻole ia; ma Ariel, huli ia ma ka hikina he 11 mile e hoʻopili i ka noho piha i kona apo. No kēia kumu, ua ʻōlelo wiwo ʻole nā alakaʻi o Ariel ʻo ko lākou noho ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kaiāulu lumi moe no Tel Aviv me kāna kulanui ponoʻī a me kāna kahua ʻoihana, "ma ʻaneʻi e noho ai."
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka lawe ʻia ʻana o Ariel - kahi laina ʻulaʻula no ka poʻe Palestinians - ua kauoha ʻia ma kahi o nā hoʻolālā maluhia e hoʻi ana i Camp David, me ka 2001 informal. Hoʻolālā maluhia Geneva i hoʻolaha nui ʻia e ka ʻIseraʻela a me ʻAmelika. ʻO ia ke kumu i ʻoluʻolu ai nā makua kāne o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Ariel i ka hoʻouna ʻana i kāna "luna alakaʻi kaiāulu 'Aliʻi [ka neʻe ʻana o ka Iudaio i ka ʻIseraʻela]," ʻo Avi Zimmerman, i hānai ʻia ma West Orange, New Jersey, ma ʻō aku o ka US e kiʻi hou aku i nā Iudaio ʻAmelika e neʻe i ka hoʻonohonoho. Ariel. "Pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka holo mau ʻana o nā kānaka."
No ka poʻe Palestinian e noho kokoke ana, ʻo ka noho ʻana o Ariel a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe e hoʻolilo i ka huakaʻi ma nā wahi āpau he moeʻuhane. ʻO Osama Odeh, hānau ʻia ma ke kauhale o Bidya (ʻo ia hoʻi ka "pohaku wili ʻoliva" ma ka ʻōlelo Arab), ua haʻi mai iaʻu, inā makemake ʻo ia e kipa aku i nā hoaaloha ma ke kauhale ʻelima mau mile ka mamao, pono ʻo ia e hoʻokele i ka hikina, a laila hema, a laila komohana, e hele ana i nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi koa o ka ʻIseraʻela kahi e pono ai. hōʻike i nā palapala, wehe i ka pahu o kāna kaʻa, a kū i nā nīnau e pili ana i kona manaʻo a me kahi i hala. He hola paha ka huakaʻi. A i ʻole ʻelua, ʻekolu paha. "E lilo ia i kanahā kilomika, ma kahi o ʻekolu a ʻehā paha," wahi āna. "He mea lapuwale. Ma ka inoa o ka palekana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohuli i kou ola i Gehena."
No ka nui o nā kamaʻāina me ke kaʻa ʻole, lilo ka huakaʻi i mea maʻalahi, no laila e paipai ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka politika a me ka pilikanaka. "Ke hoʻonui nei lākou i nā manawa a pau," wahi a Odeh no nā noho. "Ua paʻa ʻoe. ʻO nā kauhale i noho ma laila no nā haneli mau makahiki, i kēia manawa ke manaʻo nei lākou ua ʻāpana." Wahi a Nā palapala 'āina UN, Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā Palestinians mai ke komo ʻana i kahi 40% o ke Komohana Komohana, ʻoiai ʻo nā kūlanakauhale nui o Palestinian i kēia manawa ke hana maoli nei ma ke ʻano he cantons kaʻawale.
ʻO kekahi mau kūkākūkā o ka ʻIseraʻela, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hope haʻi'ōlelo o ka Knesset Otniel Schneller, he alakaʻi lōʻihi o ka neʻe ʻana o ka poʻe noho, ua kāhea aku i nā ʻenekinia ʻIseraʻela e hoʻolālā i nā workarounds. ʻO kā lākou pane: he pūnaewele o nā tunnels, "flyover" ramps, a me nā alahaka e lawe ai i ka poʻe Palestinian ma lalo a puni nā wahi. No Schneller, ʻo kēia mau hoʻoponopono paʻa e mālama i kahi noho Iudaio kaulana ma "Iudea a me Samaria," ʻoiai e ʻae ana i ka poʻe Palestinian i "kūʻokoʻa o ka neʻe ʻana" ma o nā leʻaleʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia: ʻAʻole pololei ka mea a ka poʻe Palestine i manaʻo ai i nā makahiki o ko lākou hoʻokuʻu ʻana.
3. He aha ke ʻano o ka mokuʻāina Palestinian e loaʻa i kona kapikala ma kahi kauhale mamao loa mai ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Ierusalema a kokoke i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai nā ʻāpana nui o ke Komohana Komohana?
Ua koi mau ka Palestinians i ka loaʻa ʻana o Ierusalema Hikina, me nā ʻāpana o ke kūlanakauhale kahiko e hoʻopuni ana i nā wahi hoʻāno Muslim, i ko lākou kapikala. Ma Camp David i ka makahiki 2000, ua hōʻole ke alakaʻi o PLO ʻo Yasser Arafat i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ʻAmelika-ʻIseraʻela i kahi "hui pelekikena aupuni" ma kahi o nā wahi hoʻāno Muslim. Ua hoʻohenehene ʻo ia iā ia he "mokupuni liʻiliʻi i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā koa ʻIseraʻela." I kēia mau lā, ua loaʻa nā negotiators Israel ho'ākāka houʻia ko lakou manao e paa i ke Kulanakauhale Kahiko a me kona mau wahi laa. Ua manaʻo lākou ʻo ke kapikala maoli ʻo Palestinian e noho ma kekahi o nā "kaiapuni" o Ierusalema Hikina - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā kauhale liʻiliʻi he ʻāpana o Ierusalema e nā Palestinians, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o Ierusalema nui, mahalo i nā palena hoʻokele hou o nā mea hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale o Israel. .
ʻOiai ʻo ke kapikala ʻo Palestine i ke kūlanakauhale kahiko, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokele i ke koena o Palesetina. Mai ka hopu ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela iā Ierusalema Hikina i ka makahiki 1967, ua kūkulu ke aupuni ʻIseraʻela i ke apo o nā "kauhale" Iudaio a puni ʻo Arab East Jerusalem. Ma kahi kokoke i 200,000 ka ʻIseraʻela e noho nei i laila. Hoʻopaʻa maoli kēia apo iā Ierusalema Hikina mai Betelehema, Heberona, a me nā kauhale Palestine i ka hema.
ʻO Har Homa kekahi o nā ʻāpana hope loa i kūkulu ʻia ma waena o Ierusalema a me Betelehema ma kahi puʻu i ʻike ʻia e ko Palestine ʻo Jabal Abu Ghneim. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i ka ʻike ʻana i ka puʻu mai Betelehema i ka makahiki 1996. I kēlā manawa, ua ʻoki ʻia nā kaulahao Israeli a me nā mea hoʻoneʻe honua i nā laina i loko o ka ululāʻau conifer o ka puʻu, e hāʻawi ana i ke ʻano he ʻoki lauoho maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO nā mea hana Palestinian, makemake nui e kau ma kēia ʻāpana o ke Komohana Komohana, ua hoʻonohonoho i kahi kahua hoʻomoana 24-hola, me ka hoʻohiki ʻana ʻaʻole e haʻalele i kā lākou kūʻē maluhia a hiki i ka haʻalele ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela i kāna mau koi.
I kēia lā, ua hala nā lāʻau, ua pani ʻia e nā lālani lōʻihi o nā hale keʻokeʻo hou no ka ʻIseraʻela. "ʻO kēia ka hopena hope loa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokumu i ke kaula umbilical ma waena o Betelehema a me Ierusalema," wahi a Jad Isaac, ka luna o ka Applied Research Institute, kahi kahua noʻonoʻo Palestinian ma Betelehema. "No laila ke kūkulu ʻia nei ʻo Har Homa e hoʻopau i ke kaʻina hana maluhia. Inā ʻaʻole e luku loa ʻia ʻo Har Homa a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka Palestinians, ʻaʻohe maluhia."
No ka poʻe Betelehema e like me ʻIsaaka, ʻo ka weuweu o Har Homa a me nā "kauhale" ʻē aʻe o Ierusalema Hikina e hoʻopuka maikaʻi nei i nā makemake Palestine no kahi mokuʻāina pili. Ina e mau ke kanalua no keia, ua hoopau ka pa kaawale o ka Iseraela.
Aia i loko o ka ʻāina ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Betelehema ka pale 25 kapuaʻi ke kiʻekiʻe me ʻelua ala haiki, hoʻokahi faila e holo ana ma ka ʻaoʻao. Ma kahi o 150 kapuaʻi ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia, i hana ʻia e nā kaola kila mai ka papahele ʻoka a i ke kaupaku metala. Hāʻawi kēia i nā Palestinian liʻiliʻi me nā ʻae e hele mai Betelehema i ka manaʻo hiki ʻole ke neʻe i kahi laina pipi. (ʻOiaʻiʻo, makemake ka Palestinians i kahi hoʻohālikelike moa, e kāhea ana i nā ala ma'aatet al-jaaj, ka mīkini ʻohi moa.) I koʻu hele ʻana ma ka laina, e puka mai ana ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Ierusalema, nānā aku au i hope i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka pā, me ka pīhoihoi i ka hae i wehe ʻia ma lalo o ka pu a me ka hale kiaʻi. Mai ka Israeli Ministry of Tourism, hoʻolaha ʻo ia ma ka ʻōlelo Hebera, English, a me Arabic, "Peace Be With You."
4. Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi mokuʻāina kūpono ma ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ka ʻelele nāwaliwali o hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao Palestinian?
ʻOiai ʻo nā mea keʻakeʻa i hōʻike ʻia ma luna aʻe e nalo kupanaha ʻia, hiki i ka hana a George Mitchell ke hoʻopōʻino ʻia e kahi hoʻolālā ʻAmelika kahiko e pili ana iā Fateh a me kāna alakaʻi, ʻo Mahmoud Abbas. Ua kākoʻo lōʻihi ʻia e nā ʻAmelika ma ke ʻano he Palestinian "maʻalahi," ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela ma Gaza ua nalowale ʻo Abbas i ka hilinaʻi āpau i waena o kona poʻe. (Ma ka lā 9 o Ianuali, ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka pelekikena Palestinian.)
ʻOiai ka make a me ka luku ʻana i kēia mau pule i hala, ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Hamas e nā mea nānā ma ka ʻāina e loaʻa ana ka ikaika ma ke Komohana Komohana, ʻoiai e paʻa ana i ka mana ma Gaza. "E puka mai ana ka Islamist neʻe mai loko mai o kēia kaua i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka politika e pili ana i kāna mau ʻāpana Palestinian hoʻokūkū, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Fateh, a me ka Mana Palestinian ma Ramallah," i kākau ai ka mea loiloi politika akamai a me ke kākau ʻōlelo hana Palestinian mua Ghassan Khatib i kahi ʻōlelo. no ka mea ʻawaʻawa, he punaewele e mālama ʻia e ka ʻIseraʻela a me nā mea loiloi Palestinian. Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia, "ʻO ke kaua ʻIseraʻela ma Gaza, ka mea i hoʻonui i ke aloha o ka lehulehu me Hamas… [ua] hoʻololi hou i ke koena o ka mana e kūʻē iā Fateh ma West Bank a haʻalele i ka mana o ka Palestinian Authority me ka nāwaliwali loa."
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kekahi poʻe West Bankers, ʻaʻole lākou i pōkole no Hamas, ke ʻōlelo nei i nā ʻōlelo a ka poʻe Lebanona i ʻōlelo ai no Hezbollah ma hope o ke kaua 2006 ma Lebanona: "Ua kūʻē lākou i nā lā 22 - ua hana ke alakaʻi ʻo Fateh a ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo. "Ua kākau mai ka mea kākau moʻolelo Palestinian-ʻAmelika ʻo Lubna Takruri iaʻu mai Ramallah i kēia pule. "Ke hoʻomau nei ka poʻe ma West Bank i ka wā e nānā ana lākou i kēia mau kūʻē honua āpau ma ʻaneʻi, ua pale aku nā pūʻali Fateh i ka Palestinians mai ke kūʻē ʻana aku i ka ʻIseraʻela ma nā wahi hoʻopaʻa. He mea nui kēia. e hana ana i ka hana a ka ʻIseraʻela no lākou, a ʻo ka ʻIseraʻela i lawelawe ma Gaza.
Hōʻike ikaika nā hōʻailona mua e hoʻomau ka hui ʻo Obama i ka hoʻolālā o ke kākoʻo ʻana iā Abbas, me ka "kōkua" hoʻopau i ka hilinaʻi mai ka CIA, ʻoiai e hōʻole ana e hana me Hamas a ʻike ʻo ia i ka ʻIseraʻela. He mea hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka palapala hoʻopaʻa Hamas: Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i ka makemake o nā Iudaio e "hoʻomalu i ka honua," a ʻōlelo ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela he mea like ia me ka lanakila ʻana o nā Crusaders e Saladin.
ʻO nā luna o ʻAmelika a me ʻIseraʻela, ʻaʻole i nānā i nā hōʻailona maʻalahi mai Hamas - ʻo ia hoʻi, i lawe ʻia i ka mana ma ke koho kūʻokoʻa a pololei - e mālama ʻia i ka makemake o ka poʻe Palestine no ka noho pū ʻana me ka ʻIseraʻela. ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona ikaika loa ʻo ia ka 2006 "Prisoners' Document," i hoʻomaka ʻia e nā alakaʻi o Hamas a me ke alakaʻi mua o Fateh i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Marwan Barghouti, i kāhea aku i nā kūkākūkā me ka ʻIseraʻela no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maluhia. ʻO ka hoʻomalu ʻo Bush, e ʻae ana me ka ʻIseraʻela, ka mea i koi ʻole "ʻaʻohe hoa no ka maluhia," ua koho ʻo ia e haʻalele i kēlā mau hōʻailona a no laila ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā hoʻoikaika ʻana i kahi aupuni hui ʻo Fateh-Hamas.
He pōʻino no Mitchell ke hele i kēia ala like. Aia ʻo Hamas e noho. I kēia mau pule i hala iho nei, ua haki ʻia nā moeʻuhane o ka ʻIseraʻela no ka lanakila ʻana ma Gaza, a ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hana wale i ka pūpū rickety o Fateh e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka US i nā hopena pōʻino like. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana iā Hamas kahi ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā rockets.
5. Hāʻawi ʻia i kēia mau pilikia nui, hiki i kahi aupuni Palestinian hiki ke hiki? A inā ʻaʻole…
Hāʻawi ʻia i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e kū nei i kahi hoʻonā ʻelua mokuʻāina, pono kahi noho kūkākūkā ʻAmelika ikaika, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia mai… ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o nā makahiki ʻewalu i hala (a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā makahiki ʻewalu Clinton i hala aku nei) ʻo ia ka nele loa o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ʻAmelika i ka ʻIseraʻela. ʻAʻole kēia i makemake i kekahi, me ka ʻIseraʻela.
ʻO Ehud Olmert, ka mea i kamaʻilio ma 2008 - ʻoiai ʻoiaʻiʻo - no ka pono o ka ʻIseraʻela e haʻalele mai "ka hapa nui a i ʻole nā mea āpau" o ka noho ʻana o West Bank, ʻaʻohe kākoʻo mai Wakinekona no ka ʻōlelo ʻana pēlā. I loko o ka hakahaka o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua hāʻule ʻo Olmert i ka hui o ka poʻe noho i kāna hui aupuni. No laila, ʻo ka hōʻea ʻana o nā ʻike hou aʻe o ka ʻIseraʻela ma ke Komohana Komohana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia hoʻokele ʻAmelika.
ʻO nā makahiki he 16 i hala iho nei ua hōʻailona ʻia e ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike i ka hakakā Israeli-Palestinian ma o nā mea ʻē aʻe akā nā maka o ka ʻIseraʻela. I kēia manawa, manaʻolana ʻo Mitchell e lawe mai i ka makemake e hoʻomaopopo i ʻeono mau makahiki o ka pōʻino ma o ʻelua mau manaʻo: he mea nui kēia inā e hana ʻia kahi ʻāpana kūpono a mau loa. E komo pū kēia me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi o nā mea āpau, ʻo ia ka 4.4 miliona Palestinian refugees a me ke koi ʻana o ka nui o lākou e ʻae ʻia lākou e hoʻi i ko lākou mau home mua i kēia manawa ʻo ʻIseraʻela. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he laina ʻulaʻula kēia no ka poʻe ʻIseraʻela e koi nei i ka "kuleana hoʻi" ʻo ia ka hopena o ko lākou mokuʻāina.
He mea nui no George Mitchell i kēia mau mea a pau, he wehe a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana mai ka diplomacy ʻAmelika mai ka hānau ʻana o ka ʻIseraʻela a me ka pōʻino Palestinian i ka makahiki 1948. ʻO ka piʻi nui ʻana, nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o Palestinians, kahi lima o ka ʻIseraʻela, a me nā mea hoʻoikaika ʻia e like me Libia. alakaʻi Muammar Qaddafi, ke nānā nei i ka noho hou ʻana, ma ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hiki ke ala ʻekolu. ʻOkoʻa loa nā mea ʻē aʻe: kāhea kekahi i a hoʻonā mokuʻāina hoʻokahi; kekahi no a mokuʻāina binational; kekahi no ka Huihui Israeli-Palestine ai ole ia, he Hui Hikina Waena.
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo "hoʻokahi moku'āina" e hoʻāla i ka makaʻu nui i waena o ka poʻe ʻIseraʻela e ʻike pū i kēia, ʻo ka hopena o ka mokuʻāina Iudaio. Akā, ʻo nā moeʻuhane o ka mea a Albert Einstein i kapa ai ʻo "ka hui aloha" ma waena o "nā lāhui semitic nui ʻelua" ke kumu, ma ka hapa nui, i ka moʻolelo o nā Zionists holomua, ka mea, e like me Einstein a me ke akeakamai Iudaio nui, ʻo Martin Buber, i manaʻoʻiʻo ko lakou mau iwi i ka noho like ana. Ua kākoʻo ʻo Buber i kahi kūlana binational o "ke aupuni hui," me ka "kaulike piha o nā kuleana ma waena o nā hoa ʻelua," e pili ana i "ke aloha i ko lākou ʻāina hānau a nā poʻe ʻelua."
No nā mea he nui, e mau ana ka hoʻonā ʻelua mokuʻāina, ma nā ʻōlelo a ka mea kūkākūkā mua o ʻAmelika Hikina Hikina ʻo Aaron Miller, ka mea kākau o ʻO ka ʻāina hoʻohiki nui loa, "ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa ʻino." Akā inā e nānā pono ʻo George Mitchell i nā keʻakeʻa nui i kēia manawa i loko o kahi hoʻonā ʻelua mokuʻāina a hoʻoholo ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia, e hana maikaʻi ʻo ia e wehe i nā mea ʻē aʻe, a e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻōlelo a Albert Einstein.
"ʻAʻohe pilikia," wahi a Einstein, "hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia mai ka pae like o ka ʻike i hana ai."
Sandy Tolan ʻO ia ke kumu o ʻO ka lāʻau Lemon: He Arab, he Iudaio, a me ka puʻuwai o ka Middle East, a me ka hoa kaukaʻi ma ke kula ʻo Annenberg no ka kamaʻilio ʻana ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi Hema.
[Ua puka mua kēia ʻatikala ma ʻO Tomdispatch.com, he weblog o ka Nation Institute, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kahe mau o nā kumu ʻē aʻe, nā nūhou, a me nā manaʻo mai Tom Engelhardt, ka mea hoʻoponopono lōʻihi i ka paʻi ʻana, kapena-co-hoʻokumu ka Papahana Aupuni ʻAmelika, Mea kākau o ka Ka hopena o ka lanakila, a me ka lunahooponopono o ʻO ka honua e like me Tomdispatch: ʻAmelika i ka New Age of Empire.]
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