Ma kaʻu ʻōlelo ma mua, ua hoʻohana au i ka nīnau a Cynthia Enloe, "ʻAuhea nā wahine?" e ʻimi i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka politika kāne kāne e hoʻāla ai i ka aloha ʻāina ma mua o ka home. He aha ka hopena i ka wā e hoʻopili ai mākou i ka nīnau like i ka ʻāina a ka US e pana nei i kēia manawa? Aia i hea nā wāhine ma Afghanistan?
Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana o ka Taliban iā Kabul, nui nā wahine Afghan i hana koʻikoʻi i ke ola lehulehu. ʻO nā wāhine he 40% o nā kauka ma ke kapikala, 50% o nā limahana aupuni kīwila, a me 70% o nā kumu. Mai ka makahiki 1996, i ka wā i lawe ai ka Taliban i ka mana, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia lākou e haʻalele i ko lākou mau home ke ʻole lākou e hele pū me kahi hoahānau kāne. Ua pāpā ʻia lākou e hana a hele i ke kula.
Ua pāpā ʻia mai ka mākeke hana akā ua koi ʻia e loaʻa kahi ola ma muli o ka make a i ʻole ka hiki ʻole o kā lākou mau kāne, nui nā wahine Afghan e huli i ka moekolohe. ʻO kahi hōʻike ma ka pūnaewele o ka Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (www.rawa.org) e hoʻomanaʻo mai iā mākou i ka conundrum o kahi wahine Afghan e hoʻokele ana i ke ola lehulehu, e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa e mālama i kona ola a pale aku i ka make.
"ʻO nā wahine e hana nei i kahi [brothel] e lawe pinepine i ʻekolu mau kāleka ʻike. Hoʻokahi ID, e hōʻike ana iā lākou he wahine kāne make me nā keiki, hoʻohana ʻia e loaʻa ke kōkua mai nā keʻena UN a i ʻole Red Cross. ʻAʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau ID no ka mea e hoʻololi koke lākou i kahi a ʻaʻole makemake e komo pū me nā luna kūloko. ʻO kekahi ID, e hōʻike ana iā lākou he wahine male, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻolimalima hale a pēlā aku. Inā hopu ʻo Taliban iā lākou no Zena (ka hewa o ka moekolohe ma waho o ka male) hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou ID ʻekolu e hōʻike ana iā lākou he wahine hoʻokahi. ʻO ka noho kaʻawale ʻana e kōkua iā lākou e pale i ka hailuku ʻia a make.
ʻO kēlā ʻano akamai i hoʻohana ʻia e nā wahine Afghan e ʻimi pū i kahi ola e hiki ke hāʻule i ka wā e pale aku ai i ka pōloli e hiki mai ana. I kēlā me kēia pule e hala ana, e emi ana ka hiki ʻana o ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo i nā wahi e pono ai i nā mauna - e waiho ana i nā miliona i ka pōloli. No ka mea, he kuleana nui ko na wahine no ka lakou mau keiki, ua emi lakou i ka lawe lima a ua nui na waha e hanai ai. No lākou, ʻo ka pōloli ka mea weliweli.
Ke manaʻo nei ʻaʻole lākou e pōloli i ka make, aia kekahi "pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi i kēia manawa e kū nei i nā wahine Afghan," e like me ka United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). "He mau kaukani wahine hāpai i waena o nā kamaʻāina Afghan i holo i ko lākou mau home i nā lā i hala aku nei a ua hoʻonui ʻia ma nā palena o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka nele o ka hale noho, ka meaʻai a me ka mālama olakino, a me nā kūlana maʻemaʻe ʻole he pilikia nui i kēia mau wahine a me kā lākou mau keiki pēpē. ʻOiai ma mua o ka pilikia o kēia manawa, ʻo nā kūlana olakino maikaʻi ʻole a me ka ʻai ʻole i hana ʻino i ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana i mea weliweli loa no nā wahine Afghan.
Ma waho aʻe o ka pōloli a me nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana, e kū ana nā wahine Afghan i ka mea kaua maʻamau o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, me ka manaʻo e hoʻohana ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka Northern Alliance ma ke ʻano he mau koa wāwae. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻo Robert Fisk ma London's The Independent e ʻike ʻia ʻo Alliance "gangsters" he poʻe rapists a me nā mea pepehi kanaka. I nā makahiki he kanaiwa, "ʻaihue lākou a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ko lākou ala ma nā kula ʻo Kabul. . . Ua koho lākou i nā kaikamāhine no ka male ʻana [a] pepehi i ko lākou ʻohana.
"ʻAʻole au i ʻike iā Osama. ʻAʻole wau ʻike iā Osama. No ke aha e hiki mai ai nā mea ma ka hikina, ke komohana a i ʻole ka ʻākau o ka honua, e hele mai nā pilikia i ʻaneʻi a pā pololei i ka poʻe o Afghanistan? " i nīnau aku ai iā Farida, he wahine kāne make he 40 makahiki a me ka makuahine o ʻehā e noi ana i ka Pōʻalua ma nā alanui o Kabul, ke kapikala o Afghanistan.
"Ke pule nei au i koʻu Akua i ka wā e hoʻouka ai ʻo ʻAmelika i ka missile holo moku mua e paʻi i koʻu hale a pepehi iaʻu a me koʻu ʻohana," wahi a ke kumu mua ma hope o kona pale a puni. Ua haʻi ʻo ia i kahi papa inoa lōʻihi o nā pōʻino e pili ana i ka pōloli a me ka nele o ka wai a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kona home i luku ʻia, e like me ka ʻatikala a Associated Press (9/25/01).
ʻO kēia ka mana wahine o ka misionari pepehi kanaka? ʻO nā kūlana i hoʻokumu i nā kāne kila i haku i kā lākou iho a me nā tausani o nā mea ʻē aʻe i make koke i kēia, ʻo ka makuahine Aghan pōʻino a me ka manaʻolana ʻole e pule ana i ka make ahi nona a me kāna mau keiki?
Ua lilo ʻo Farida a me nā wahine e like me ia i ka mea a Cynthia Enloe i kapa ai he "womenandchildren" - ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ke Komohana i nā poʻe hewa ʻole, kōkua ʻole, leo ʻole.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana mai nā aupuni hoʻokaumaha, ʻaʻole i leo leo nā wahine o Afghanistan. Ua hana ikaika ka pro-democracy, pro-women's rights Revolutionary Association of Women from Afghanistan (RAWA) e hoʻolaha i ko lākou pilikia. I kēia manawa, pilikia nā wahine Afghan i ka hoʻopaʻi make no kā lākou hana hoʻonohonoho. Eia naʻe, e like me kā Kathleen Richter i kākau ai no Z Magazine, aia ma kahi o 2,000 mau lālā, ʻo ka hapalua ma Afghanistan a me ka hapa ma Pakistan. Hoʻokele ʻo RAWA i nā kula home-home malū no nā kaikamahine a me nā keikikāne ma Afghanistan, e hana ana i nā hui ola olakino ma lalo o ka honua ma Afghanistan a me Pakistan, a hoʻonohonoho i nā papahana e loaʻa kālā no nā wahine Afghan. Hāʻawi pū ia i nā hui pono kanaka me nā hōʻike e pili ana i nā hana ʻino i hana ʻia e ka Taliban a me nā mea hoʻokumu ʻē aʻe, a hana i nā cassette hoʻonaʻauao, mālama i nā mele a me nā pō moʻolelo, a hoʻopuka i ka makasini quarterly Payam-e-Zan (Women's Message).
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahine Afghan i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke aupuni a me nā lula hoʻomana, ua hui pū lākou i kahi neʻe maluhia a me ka hoʻopono e like me kā lākou hui pū ʻana i kahi ola palupalu i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi mai ka manaʻo o ka honua iā lākou i ke kiʻi o nā wahine Afghan ma ke ʻano he kanaka paʻakikī, akā ʻo ke kolu o ka honua "nā wahine" - ka poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia i nā kulekele kūloko ʻole a me nā mea i loaʻa i ke kōkua lokomaikaʻi mai ke komohana i manaʻo ʻia.
Ma mua ʻaʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao radar o ke Komohana, ua hōʻike ʻia nā wahine Afghan i kēia manawa he "hāpai," "holo," "pōloli," a "wahine kāne make." ʻOiaʻiʻo, manaʻo wau, akā ʻo ia mau adjectives e hōʻemi i nā wahine Afghan i mea ʻole ma mua o ka huina o kā lākou mau ʻāpana ʻoi loa.
ʻO nā wahine a me nā kāne Afghan, ʻaʻole nā luna komohana, nā hua o ko lākou hoʻokuʻu ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano kanaka o nā kānaka āpau - me nā wahine a me nā keiki - he mea koʻikoʻi ia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hana pono ʻole o ka honua e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻoweliweli o nā ʻano āpau. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o kēia manawa ke ʻole mākou e nīnau, "ʻAuhea nā wahine?" ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā, "He aha kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei?" a "He aha kā lākou e hana nei?"