Nikos Raptis
mahope iho o
WWI ma ka ʻaha kūkā maluhia ʻo Versailles, i ka makahiki 1919, he laina ʻole o nā lāhui,
akau a hema mai Finland a Albania, me Beritania e hoomalu ana ia Helene a me
Ua koho ʻia ʻo Turkey he "cordon sanitaire" e hoʻokaʻawale iā ʻEulopa i ʻelua
ʻāpana; ʻo ke Komohana Komohana a me Russia Komunista.
On
ʻO ka lā 23 o Pepeluali, 1945, ua hāʻawi ʻo Joseph Goebbels i kahi haʻiʻōlelo i hōʻino ai ʻo ia i ka
Ua ʻae ʻo Yalta i ke kuleana o Rūsia i ka palekana pūʻali koa ma kāna
palena komohana. Ma Yalta, ua ʻae nā Allies i ka "cordon
sanitaire", i hana ʻia ma Versailles e hoʻopaʻa ʻia, demilitarized, a
hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Pīhoihoi i ka ʻae ʻana o nā Allies e hui hou i ka satelite Nazi
ʻO nā ʻāina, ua haʻi ʻo Goebbels ua iho mai kahi "pale hao".
ka wahi. "Ma hope o kēia pale," i ʻōlelo ʻo Goebbels, "e
e hoʻomaka i ka luku nui ʻana i nā kānaka, me ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiwahiwa a ka Iudaio
paʻi ma New York."
On
ʻO Mei 1, 1945, he 67 mau lā ma hope o ka haʻi ʻana i ka haʻiʻōlelo ma luna aʻe, ua loaʻa iā Goebbels.
ua ʻona kāna mau keiki ʻeono me kahi hoʻomake make e ke kauka SS a laila
ʻO ia iho a me kāna wahine ʻo Magda i pana ʻia e kahi kauoha SS. He kūpono ke kuhi
ʻO kēlā Goebbels: ua ʻike kekahi i ka hopena o ka Reich he mau lā a ʻelua
ua hoʻoholo mua ʻo ia e pepehi i kona ʻohana a iā ia iho. No laila, ʻo ia
kūpono hoʻi e nīnau: no ke aha i hāʻawi ai ʻo ia i kahi ʻōlelo ma ka geopolitics me nā wāwae ʻelua
i loko o kona lua kupapaʻu? Eia naʻe, me he mea lā ʻaʻole makehewa ka haʻiʻōlelo Goebbels, ka
ʻO ka manaʻo hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i nā Iudaio o New York ʻoiai naʻe.
About
hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka haʻiʻōlelo a Goebbels, ma Malaki 5, 1946, ma Fulton, Missouri, me
Noho ʻo Pelekikena Truman ma hope ona, ua kamaʻilio ʻo Winston Churchill i ka poʻe o
ka honua e ʻōlelo ana: "Mai Stettin i ka Baltic a i Trieste i ka Adriatic an
Ua iho mai ka 'pale hao' ma ka 'Āpana. Ma hope o kēlā laina aia nā mea a pau
nā poʻokela o nā mokuʻāina kahiko o Central a me ʻEulopa Hikina…. a pau loa
kumuhana ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole, ʻaʻole wale i ka mana Soviet akā i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa
a, i nā manawa he nui, e hoʻonui ana i ke ana o ka mana mai Moscow."
ʻO ka pōʻino
no ka poʻe Pelekania, hoʻokahi wale nō makahiki ma hope o ka haʻi'ōlelo "historical" Churchill
ma Fulton, Beretania i ka la 21 o Feberuari, 1947, ua pono ia e ae ua haki
ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pale aku i kona mau pono ākea ākea. Ma kēlā
la, ke kakauolelo mua o ka Emepera Beritania ma Wasinetona, H.M. Sichel,
kelepona iā Loy Henderson, Kokua Kakauolelo o ka Moku'āina no Near Eastern a
ʻApelika, me kahi ʻōlelo "koʻikoʻi" mai ka Pelekane
Keena o na aina e. ʻO ka memo: "ʻAʻole hiki iā Pelekane ke uku i ka 500 miliona
dala e lawe koke ia e pale aku ia Helene a me Tureke i ka Communism.
Hiki iā ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ke hoʻopiha i ka hakahaka a hoʻokuʻu paha. ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka
Ua pilikia ka Middle East." Wahi a kekahi poʻe, ʻo ia ka lā i pau ai
"Pax Britannica" a me ka hoʻomaka o ka "ʻAmelika
Kenekulia".
ka
Kumu——————-
On
ʻO Malaki 12, 1947, he 22 mau lā ma hope mai (ʻo ia ka wikiwiki!), "Peresidena Truman,
e kamaʻilio ana i kahi kau hui o ka ʻAhaʻōlelo, ua haʻi aku i nā luna kānāwai o ʻAmelika i ka
ʻO ke noi a ke aupuni Helene no ke kōkua mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a noi i kēlā
Ua ʻae ʻia he $300 miliona no ke kōkua ʻana iā Helene a me $100 miliona no Turkey
"pono no hoi ko kakou noonoo." E hai aku ana "ke kulekele haole
a ua pili ka palekana aupuni o kēia ʻāina (ʻo ʻAmelika), "ʻo ia
hoʻopiʻi no ka ʻae wikiwiki ʻana i nā kālā i noi ʻia no kēlā me kēia ʻāina."
(Source: Yannis P. Roubatis, "Tangled Webs", Pella, N.Y., 1987, ʻaoʻao
32). Ua apono ka Ahaolelo i ka bila, a ua kakau inoa o Peresidena Truman. ʻO ia ka
hanau o ka Truman Doctrine. ʻO ke koena ka mōʻaukala (ʻaʻole i ʻike nui ʻia ma waho
Helene).
A
nana i ka moolelo o ka US "manaʻo" i Helene
hoonaauao. E lawe i ka hihia o John E. Peurifoy, ka ʻelele ʻAmelika i Helene
i ka wā mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Truman Doctrine. ʻIke ʻia ʻo
"ʻakaʻaka Jack", ʻo Peurifoy he kanaka paʻakikī o South Carolinian i hauʻoli me kāna
kiʻi e like me ke kanaka me ka "lāʻau nui." I Nowemapa 1953 ʻo Peurifoy
ua hoʻoili ʻia i Guatemala mai Helene. ʻO nā hana koʻikoʻi a Peurifoy ma Helene
ua ʻike ʻia ua kōkua i ka luku ʻana i ka "pilikia komunista." I ka manawa
Ua lawe mai ʻo Peurifoy iā Diaz, ke poʻo o ke aupuni Guatemalan, he "lōʻihi
papa inoa" o nā Communists e pana ʻia "i loko o 24 mau hola," hōʻole ʻo Diaz.
Ua pani ʻia ʻo ia i ka lā aʻe e Konela Elfego Monzon, he "ʻoiaʻiʻo
anti-Communist." (Source: Blanche Wiesen Cook, 'The Declassified
Eisenhower,"Doubleday, N.Y., 1981, ʻaoʻao 286). ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana o Peurifoy iā ia.
nā kānaka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ia iho (no ka poʻe no ka poʻe ʻaʻole ʻAmelika
ʻano) i kaulana iā ia ma Helene. A hiki i kēia lā, kokoke i ka hapalua haneli ma hope.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ke ʻano o Peurifoy ma ka paʻi Helene, e hoʻoikaika i ka servility
o na elite Helene i ko lakou mau haku Amerika. (E hoʻomaopopo; nā lā o Peurifoy i loko
Hiki i Helene a me Guatemala ke kumuhana hoihoi loa no ka thesis doctoral..)
"Ma hope
Ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ke keʻena, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Truman i nā ʻāina he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Farani
ka huhū ma mua o ka mahalo i ka pūʻali koa US a me ke kōkua waiwai
hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou i kona wā hoʻokele. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻokomo iā Helene i kēlā
waeʻano, akā naʻe a ua hoʻopā nui ʻia i ka makahiki 1962 ka Mōʻī a me ka Mōʻīwahine o ka
Ua hoʻouna ʻo Hellenes iā ia i nā aloha hoʻomaha pilikino. Ua kākau ʻo Truman iā lākou i kahi mahalo,
akā, no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana ma hope iho he ʻano poʻe kamaʻāina loa ia no ke aliʻi, ua koho ʻia
e hoʻouna i kahi pane kūpono. Ua waiho ʻo ia i kēia: Ianuali 3, 1963 E nā aliʻi.
ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i koʻu mahalo nui ʻana i kou makemake no kahi Merry
Mele Kalikimaka me ka Hau'oli Makahiki Hou. I ka wa e hoomanaoia ai e ka Moi kekahi kanaka mahiai i hoomaha
a me ka Mō'īwahine o Helene mōʻaukala nui, ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻolilo iā ia e noʻonoʻo me he mea lā ua hana ʻo ia
he haʻawina. E paʻi ʻia kāu kāleka a kau ʻia ma kaʻu keʻena waihona e hōʻike ai
i poina ole ai na kanaka. Ke hui pū nei ʻo Mrs. Truman me aʻu i ke aloha maikaʻi iā ʻoe no ka
Makahiki Hou. Me kou aloha," (Source: Monte M. Poen, "Strictly Personal
and Confidential,"Little, Brown, 1982, ʻaoʻao 42)
A
kakaikahi mau manaʻo ma ka palapala a Truman: Ua hana maoli ka "mahiai hoʻomaha".
ke kāleka? Loaʻa ia ma ka hale waihona puke Truman? ʻO ia ka "nui
Helene kahiko" i hāʻawi iā Peurifoy i ka manawa e ʻike ai i kona hiki
e hōʻuluʻulu i nā "papa inoa lōʻihi" o nā poʻe e pana ʻia; mau tausani o lakou iloko
Helene. Ua hauʻoli ʻo Truman no ka "poina ʻole" o nā aliʻi Helene i ka
"hāʻawi" o kā lākou mea kōkua, akā ʻaʻole lākou wale nō
aole i poina i ko lakou kokua.
ka
Kii ————–
ka
ʻAʻole poina ka American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA).
mea kokua. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka AHEPA ma 1922 ma US e kahi hui Helene ʻAmelika
ʻO ka poʻe kālepa ma ke ʻano he hui fraternal me nā mana Masonic. Na AHEPAN, e like me
ʻike ʻia lākou ma Helene, e hōʻike i ko lākou mahalo iā Truman kālā i ka
hana kii. ʻO ke kiʻi, ma kahi o 1.3 manawa i ka nui o ke ola, i hoʻolei ʻia i ke keleawe a
e hōʻike ana iā Truman e nānā pono i mua me ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o kona ʻaʻahu
hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i hope e hāʻawi i ka manaʻo o ka neʻe kūpaʻa, ua kau ʻia
ma kekahi o na alahele nui loa o Atenai, i ka wa o Karamanlis
(ma hope o 50s a hiki mua 60s). ʻAʻole me ka hakakā ʻole ma waena o ka US a me Helene
nā elite e pili ana i nā ʻano nani o ke kiʻi. Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe Helene a
ʻokoʻa loa ka manaʻo i ke kiʻi a hōʻike ikaika.
ka
Ua puhi ʻia a hoʻohiolo ʻia paha ke kiʻi Truman e nā Helene i nā manawa he nui i kēia manawa
ʻaʻohe mea e nānā inā e hoʻohiolo hou ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu hou ʻana
ua hana ʻia i kekahi mau mahina i hala aku nei i ka wā o kahi hōʻike anti-imperialist. A
ʻO ka lālā o ka ʻOpio o ka Greek Communist Party i pau i ka hale paʻahao 4 mahina
hua'ōlelo no ka "hoʻopau waiwai pilikino." Owai ka waiwai ponoi?
Eia nō naʻe, me he mea lā ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi hale hana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Athens
"ʻoihana hale hale" o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a i ʻole ka hana hou ʻana i ke kiʻi Truman.
mahope iho o
ka 1986 hoʻohiolo ʻana i ke kiʻi, ka "socialist" mayor o Athens
Ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia ʻaʻole e hoʻihoʻi, akā ua hele mai ʻo Evert, ke kuhina ʻākau (aʻe), nāna
hoʻoholo e hoʻihoʻi. ʻO ka hihia weliweli loa (a me ka pōʻino) o nā hoʻouka
kūʻē i ke kiʻi ʻo ia o ka haumāna lapaʻau i ka wā o ka colonels.
ʻO ka dictatorship (ma hope o nā makahiki 60 a hiki i nā makahiki 70) i puhi i ke kānāwai ʻekolu (!) manawa. I ka manawa
i nīnau ʻia e kāna mau mea hoʻomāinoino (US aʻo ʻia), ma hope o ka hopu ʻia ʻana, no ke aha ʻo ia i koi ai
ʻO ka pahuhopu hoʻokahi āna i pane ai ʻo ia ka mea maʻalahi loa. I ka wā
o ke kolu o ka hoao ana, ua pepehiia kekahi makai opio, oiai e kani ana, mai
ka ʻike, me ka pūʻolo i loaʻa nā mea pahū. Ua haʻi ʻia iaʻu ʻo ka
haumana, ma hope, ma ke ano he MD, no na makahiki i haawi i kekahi hapa o kona uku i ka
makua o ka makai.
Eia ke oki,
Me he mea lā e hiki mai ana nā pilikia hou aʻe no ke kiʻi Truman. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma
ka paʻi Helene i ka manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ke kau ʻana i ke kānāwai, ʻoiai ka
Ua kūkulu ʻia ke ala nui e pili ana me ia, ʻo nā neoneo o 400 B.C. heiau
hoʻolaʻa iā Hercules, ka mea hoʻomalu i ka poʻe i moku, ka poʻe i hoʻomaʻau ʻia a
ʻO nā haole, ua wehe ʻia i ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana. No laila, me he mea lā
ma hope o ka hoʻohiolo hope ʻana hiki ke hoʻomaka ke kūkākūkā e pili ana i ke ʻoki ʻana i ke kiʻi
a me ka malama ana i ka luakini. ʻO koʻu manaʻo e noho ke kiʻi (ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona
o ka lokomaikaʻi o US). Ua oi aku ka nui o na luakini ma Atenai, ina paha
He mea pale ʻo Hercules i ka poʻe nāwaliwali. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻololi nā Helene i ka wā kahiko
i kahi hoomalu akua hou, i hoolaunaia mai ia lakou e Sana Paulo ponoi, e like me ia
e kū ana ma luna o ka pōhaku ma kahi o 1800 iwilei mai kahi e kū ai ke kiʻi Truman. Ma hope
ʻO nā mea a pau, hoʻokahi mea mālama akua ua lawa, ʻaʻole e haʻi i nā mea make o ka
Truman ilke.