Ua lilo ia i hana TV: I kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka lā 4 ʻApelila, i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka make ʻana o Martin Luther King, loaʻa iā mākou nā lono nūhou e pili ana i "ke alakaʻi kuleana kīwila i pepehi ʻia."
ʻO ka mea kupaianaha e pili ana i kēia mau loiloi o ke ola ʻana o King, ʻo ia nā makahiki he nui - kona mau makahiki hope - ua nalowale loa, me he mea lā ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i kahi lua hoʻomanaʻo.
ʻO ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe ʻike TV he puka pani o nā kiʻi faila maʻamau: King battling desegregation ma Birmingham (1963); e haʻi ana i kāna moeʻuhane no ka lokahi lāhui ma ka hui ma Wakinekona (1963); e hele ana no ka pono koho balota ma Selma, Alabama (1965); a ʻo ka hope loa, e waiho ana i ka make ma ka lānai motel ma Memphis (1968).
E ʻike paha ka mea nānā makaala i ka lele ʻana o ka chronology mai 1965 a i 1968. ʻAʻole naʻe i lawe ʻo King i kahi sabbatical kokoke i ka hopena o kona ola. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua ʻōlelo a hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia e like me ka manawa.
Aneane ua paʻi ʻia a paʻi ʻia kēlā mau haʻiʻōlelo. Akā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia lākou i kēia lā ma ka TV.
No ke aha mai?
No ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka nūhou aupuni me ka mea a Martin Luther King Jr. i kū ai i kona mau makahiki hope.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1960, i ka wā i hoʻokau ai ʻo King i kāna hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka hoʻokae ʻana i ka lāhui ma ka Hema, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā media nui kona mau hoa. Ua hōʻike kiʻi ʻia ka TV Network a me nā paʻi aupuni i nā ʻīlio mākaʻi a me nā bullwhips a me nā mea hana pipi i hoʻohana ʻia e kūʻē i nā ʻeleʻele Hema e ʻimi ana i ke kuleana e koho balota a i ʻole e ʻai ma kahi pāʻina awakea lehulehu.
Akā ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā hana kīwila i ka makahiki 1964 a me 1965, ua hoʻomaka ʻo King e kūʻē i nā mea nui o ka lāhui. Ua mālama ʻo ia ua nele nā kānāwai kīwila me ka ʻole o nā "kuleana kanaka" - me nā kuleana waiwai. No ka poʻe ʻilihune ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻai i ka hale ʻaina a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi home maikaʻi, wahi a King, ʻaʻohe kānāwai anti-discrimination.
No ka ʻike ʻana he keʻokeʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻAmelika ma lalo o ka laina ʻilihune, ua hoʻomohala ʻo King i kahi hiʻohiʻona papa. Ua hōʻole ʻo ia i ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā ma waena o ka waiwai a me ka ʻilihune, a kāhea aku i nā "hoʻololi kūlohelohe i ke ʻano o kā mākou kaiāulu" e hāʻawi hou i ka waiwai a me ka mana.
"ʻO ke aloha ʻoiaʻiʻo," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo King, "ua ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka hoʻolei ʻana i kahi keneta i kahi ʻilihune; ʻike ʻia e pono e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia kahi hale e hoʻohua ai i nā mea noi.
Ma ka makahiki 1967, ua lilo ʻo King i hoa paio koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina i ke Kaua Vietnam, a he mea hoʻohewa koʻikoʻi no ke kulekele ʻē aʻe o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, āna i manaʻo ai he militaristic. Ma kāna haʻiʻōlelo "Beyond Vietnam" i haʻi ʻia ma New York's Riverside Church ma ʻApelila 4, 1967 - hoʻokahi makahiki a hiki i ka lā ma mua o kona pepehi ʻia ʻana - ua kapa ʻia ʻo King ʻo ʻAmelika ʻo "ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe nui loa o ka hana ʻino i ka honua i kēia lā." (He kikokikona piha/leo ma aneʻi: http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article2564.htm)
Mai Vietnam a hiki i ʻApelika Hema a hiki i ʻAmelika Latin, ua ʻōlelo ʻo King, ʻo ka US "ma ka ʻaoʻao hewa o kahi kipi honua." Ua nīnau ʻo King "i kā mākou hui ʻana me ka ʻāina ʻāina o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika," a nīnau i ke kumu e kāohi ai ʻo ʻAmelika i nā kipi "o ka poʻe ʻaʻahu ʻole a me nā kamaʻa ʻole" i ka Honua ʻEkolu, ma kahi o ke kākoʻo ʻana iā lākou.
I loko o nā kulekele ʻē aʻe, ua hāʻawi ʻo King i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻokele waiwai, e hoʻopiʻi ana e pili ana i "ka poʻe capitalist o ke Komohana e hoʻopukapuka kālā nui ma Asia, ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema, e lawe wale i nā waiwai me ka hopohopo ʻole no ka maikaʻi o ka nohona o nā ʻāina."
ʻAʻole ʻoe i lohe i ka haʻiʻōlelo "Ma waho aʻe o Vietnam" ma ka nūhou pūnaewele, akā ua lohe nui ka lehulehu media i ka makahiki 1967 - a hoʻohewa nui iā ia. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Time magazine "demagogic slander that sounds like a script for Radio Hanoi." Ua kākoʻo ka Washington Post "Ua hōʻemi ʻo King i kona pono no kāna hana, kona ʻāina, a me kona poʻe."
I kāna mau mahina hope loa, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo King i ka papahana ikaika loa o kona ola: ʻo ka Poor People's Campaign. Ua holo ʻo ia i ka ʻāina e hōʻuluʻulu i "ka pūʻali lehulehu o ka poʻe ʻilihune" e iho mai ana ma Wakinekona - e hana ana i ka hoʻolohe ʻole kīwila ma ke Kapitola, inā pono - a hiki i ka wā i hoʻoholo ai ʻo Congress i kahi bila pono o ka poʻe ʻilihune. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Reader's Digest i kahi "kipi."
Ua koi ʻia ka bila waiwai waiwai a King i nā papahana hana aupuni nui e kūkulu hou i nā kūlanakauhale ʻo ʻAmelika. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka uē ʻana e kū pono ai i kahi ʻaha kūkā i hōʻike i kona "kūlana ʻole i ka poʻe ʻilihune" - e hāʻawi ana i "kālā pūʻali koa me ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka lokomaikaʻi," akā e hāʻawi ana i "kālā ʻilihune me ka miserliness."
ʻAno kamaʻāina kēlā i kēia lā, kokoke i 40 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka Mōʻī ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka poʻe ʻilihune i ʻoki pōkole ʻia e ka pōkā a ka mea pepehi kanaka.
I ka makahiki 2007, i loko o kēia lāhui waiwai nui, ʻo ka Hale Paʻa a me ka hapa nui o ka ʻAhaʻōlelo e hoʻomau i ka ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻilihune. Hāʻawi lākou i nā kaua ʻē aʻe me ka "alacrity a me ka lokomaikaʻi," ʻoiai ʻo lākou e hana ʻino i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kālā no ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka mālama olakino a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
A ʻo kēlā mau mea nui i nīnau ʻole ʻia e ka media mainstream. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha no ka haʻi liʻiliʻi ʻana iā mākou e pili ana i nā makahiki hope o ke ola ʻana o Martin Luther King.
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ʻO Jeff Cohen ka mea kākau o "Cable News Confidential: My Misadventures in Corporate Media."