Al'ummar El Salvador da kawayensu na kasa da kasa na adawa da hako ma'adinai na rashin da'a suna murnar nasara mai cike da tarihi. Bayan da aka dauki tsawon lokaci ana gwabzawa da kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na duniya da suka kuduri aniyar wawashe albarkatun kasar domin samun riba na gajeren lokaci, majalisar dokokin El Salvador ta kada kuri'ar haramta duk wasu ayyukan hakar karafa.
Sabuwar dokar dai na da nufin kare muhalli da albarkatun kasa na kasar Amurka ta tsakiya. An amince da ita a ranar 29 ga Maris tare da goyon bayan 'yan majalisa 69 daga jam'iyyu da yawa (a cikin jimillar 84), dokar ta toshe duk wani bincike, hakowa, da sarrafa karafa, walau a cikin budadden ramuka ko a karkashin kasa. Hakanan ya haramta amfani da sinadarai masu guba kamar cyanide da mercury.
A gabanin jefa kuri'a, al'ummomin garin Cinquera sun ki amincewa da hakar ma'adinan ta hanyar kuri'ar raba gardama da aka yi a cikin gida kuma Cocin Katolika na El Salvador ta yi kira da a ba da gudummuwa a cikin shirin. zanga-zangar jama'a don neman 'yan majalisa don fara tattaunawa kan haramcin hakar ma'adinai. A lokacin da zanga-zangar ta isa zauren majalisar, a ranar 9 ga watan Maris, kwamitin jam’iyyu da dama ya tarbe su, inda suka kuduri aniyar fara tattaunawa nan take tare da yin shawarwari. dokokin shirye kafin Easter hutu.
Duk da cewa akwai yarjejeniya ta ƙasa tsakanin al'ummomi, ƙungiyoyin jama'a, cibiyoyin gwamnati, da jam'iyyun siyasa don haramcin hakar ma'adinai, kamfanin Australiya-Kanada na OceanaGold da rassansa a El Salvador sun ci gaba da ƙoƙarin rage ci gaban kudirin kuma sun nemi samun goyon baya ga abin da ake kira "Ma'adinan Ma'adinai masu Alhaki".
Kamfanin ya kaddamar da yakin ne a wani katafaren otal da ke San Salvador bayan ya yi asarar dala miliyan 250 a karar El Salvador a watan Oktoban 2016. Kamfanin ya shigar da kara a gaban Cibiyar Kula da Rikicin Zuba Jari ta Duniya (ICSID), yana neman diyya lokacin da gwamnati ya ki bai wa kamfanin izinin aikin hako zinare da ke barazana ga samar da ruwan sha na kasar. Dangane da gagarumin adawa daga kungiyoyi da dama a ciki da wajen El Salvador, kotun ICSID ta yanke hukunci kan kamfanin.
Lokacin da ‘yan majalisar suka sanar da cewa za su fara tattaunawa sosai kan haramcin hakar ma’adinan, kamfanin ya tsananta ayyukansa. Bayan buga sanarwar da aka biya a cikin jaridu masu goyon bayan kasuwanci, ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa ta ruwaito cewa, wakilan OceanaGold sun gana da jami'an gwamnati domin nuna adawa da kudirin.
A ranar 23 ga Maris, wata gidauniyar El Dorado Foundation (gidan da OceanaGold ta kirkira kuma ta dauki nauyin gudanar da zanga-zangar) ta shirya zanga-zangar a gaban majalisar dokoki yayin da hukumar ke tattaunawa kan kudirin. Ya kasance daga baya aka ruwaito Wakilin FMLN Guillermo Mata, shugaban hukumar kula da muhalli da sauyin yanayi, ya ce motocin bas din da gidauniyar ta kawo daga Sashen Cabanas an biya kowannen su dala $7 tare da abincin rana kyauta don halarta. An kuma ba su umarni ba don yin magana da manema labarai ba.
Har ila yau, a ranar 23 ga Maris, Luis Parada, lauyan da ya jagoranci tawagar masu kare El Salvador a shari'ar ICSID, ya yi tir da wata wasika da ya aika ta shafinsa na Twitter. OceanaGold da reshensa Paci Rim dauke da barazanar kara daukar matakin shari'a idan El Salvador ya kada kuri'ar haramta hakar ma'adinai.
Amma tura haramcin hakar ma'adinai ya kasance mai ƙarfi. Don tallafawa kawancen yaki da ma'adinai, Carlos Padilla, gwamnan Nueva Vizcaya a Philippines, ya ziyarci El Salvador raba mugun halin da lardinsa ya fuskanta tare da OceanaGold. A ranar 28 ga Maris, yayin gabatar da jawabai ga hukumar muhalli da sauyin yanayi ta El Salvador, Padilla ta bayar da rahoton cewa, ma'adinan bai kawo wani gagarumin ci gaban tattalin arziki ba, ya keta hakkin bil Adama, da yin barazana ga ayyukan noma na lardin, da muhalli, da kuma tsararraki masu zuwa.
Shaidarsa ta taimaka rushe tatsuniyoyi na ci gaban tattalin arziki da alhakin, ɗorewar hakar ma'adinai ta hanyar OceanaGold. Bayan Padilla ya gabatar da 'yan majalisar kan hukumar kuri'a gaba daya don ciyar da Dokar Hana Ma'adinan Karfe zuwa zauren Majalisar Dokoki.
Har ila yau, gabanin kada kuri'ar majalisar, kungiyoyi da daidaikun kasashen waje da dama sun rubuta wa shugaban majalisar dokokin kasar wasika, Guillermo Gallegos, nuna goyon baya ga mutanen El Salvador da goyon bayan doka.
Ta hanyar kada kuri'ar amincewa da dokar hana hako ma'adinai, wadannan 'yan majalisa a El Salvador sun zabi ruwa fiye da zinariya, da mutane da muhalli fiye da ribar kamfanoni. Kuma sun nuna cewa ko da kasa mai fama da talauci za ta iya tinkarar manyan kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na duniya.
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
Bada Tallafi