Yau, ranar Mayu - in ba haka ba da aka sani da Ranar Ma'aikata ta Duniya - lokaci ne mai kyau don yin la'akari da tambayar: Menene makomar aikin da aka tsara? Wannan shi ne batun wani littafi na 2006, wanda Craig Phelan ya shirya. Littafin yana da jigon jigo mai ban sha'awa na ɗan ƙungiyar ƙwadago, Dan Gallin. A cikinsa Gallin yana yin abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci. Sun hada da:
- Ƙungiyar ma'aikata tana cikin rikici.
- Galibi ana danganta wannan rikicin ne da illolin da ke tattare da tsarin dunkulewar duniya.
- Akwai wasu gaskiyar da za a nuna ta 2 amma waɗannan “gaskiya masu ɓarna ne kawai da fahimi kaɗan”.
- Gaskiya mai zurfi ita ce, rikicin ya riga ya fara farkon tsarin duniya na neoliberal kuma shine sakamakon rikicin "mafi girma" da "fadi" a cikin ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata.
Gallin ya ci gaba da yin gardama cewa tushen rikicin tsakanin ma'aikata da aka tsara shine, a zahiri, rikicin "halli da daidaitawa". Kamar yadda Gallin ya nuna:
"Buƙatar sa'a babban ƙalubale ne ga babban birnin duniya da kuma tsarin duniya da ta tsara, amma irin wannan ƙalubalen ba za a iya ɗaure shi ba har sai ƙungiyar ta dawo da asali guda ɗaya bisa ga wata manufa ta al'umma."
Menene wannan madadin? Kamar yadda Gallin ya nuna, "a tarihi, wannan madadin ya kasance zamantakewa". Kamar yadda ya kuma nuna, duk da haka, "Socialism kuma yana fuskantar rikici, kuma wannan shine rikici na ma'anar zamantakewa". Dangane da wannan rikicin Gallin ya jaddada buƙatar "hangen nesa":
"A bayyane yake, muna bukatar mu sake bayyana tsarin gurguzu don haka ya sake zama sananne a matsayin siyasar da ta dace da mu, na ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata na tarihi - wanda aka sani da karɓa har ma da waɗanda suka ƙi, saboda kyakkyawan dalili, kayan da aka lalata da aka sayar a ƙarƙashin wannan. tambari."
Duk da haka, Gallin yayi kashedin cewa muna buƙatar sake ginawa bisa ga "shaɗin asali" da "ƙirar da aka raba". Tsara a kusa da "mafi ƙasƙanci gama gari" ba zai yi aiki ba. Kamar yadda ya ce, "Wannan shine abin da muke da shi a yau kuma wannan motsi, kamar yadda yake, zai iya rasa kawai". Abin da muke buƙata, in ji Gallin, shine "madadin bayani na duniya, madadin burin al'umma da kuma shirin yadda za mu isa wurin wanda kowa zai iya biyan kuɗi zuwa". Ya ci gaba da cewa:
"Sabon ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata na kasa da kasa, masu dauke da makamai da ma'anar manufa ta zamantakewa, na iya zama ainihin haɗin gwiwar duniya ciki har da duk sauran ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa waɗanda ke raba wannan ajanda. Irin wannan motsi zai iya canza duniya. Yana iya sake zama yunkurin 'yantar da bil'adama wanda ya nuna shekaru dari da hamsin da suka gabata. "
Amma mene ne wannan manufa ta zamantakewa da ajanda aka raba su zama? Anan muna so mu ba da shawarar cewa Sabuwar Yarjejeniya ta Green ya dace da lissafin daidai. Sabuwar Yarjejeniya ta Koren yawanci ana fahimtar ita ita ce shawarar da aka tsara don magance rikicin yanayi. Wasu na iya yin mamaki, don haka, yadda sabuwar yarjejeniyar Green New Deal ta shafi rikicin ma'aikata. Ragowar wannan labarin zai yi ƙoƙarin nuna cewa waɗannan rikice-rikice biyu da Green New Deal suna da ma'ana kuma suna da alaƙa. Wannan tunani da kusanci yana tafiya kamar haka:
- The Green New Deal shine mafita ga rikicin yanayi.
- Koyaya, don sanya Green New Deal yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma a lokaci guda samar da canji mai adalci, muna buƙatar farfado da ayyukan da aka tsara.
- Don sake farfado da aikin da aka tsara muna buƙatar, kamar yadda aka riga aka yi jayayya a sama, sabon aikin zamantakewa.
- Sabon Yarjejeniyar Koren ita ce sabuwar manufa.
A cewar masanin tattalin arziki Ann Pettifor, ra'ayin Green New Deal zai iya komawa zuwa 2007 lokacin da dan jarida Thomas L. Friedman ya rubuta wata kasida ga New York Times mai suna "Gargadi daga Lambuna". Daga baya a waccan shekarar, tsohon mai fafutukar GreenPeace na Biritaniya, Colin Hines, ya tattara gungun masu tuntuɓar juna don tsara wani tsari na sabuwar yarjejeniyar GreenPeace. A cewar Pettifor, waccan shawarar, wacce aka buga a cikin 2008, kuma ta yi tsokaci kan labarin da Friedman ya yi a baya, ya yi kira da “hada kan manufofi don warware matsalar sau uku na rikicin bashi, sauyin yanayi da hauhawar farashin mai”. Kamar yadda marubutan suka ce:
"Waɗannan al'amura guda uku masu cin karo da juna suna barazanar haɓaka zuwa cikakkiyar guguwa, wanda ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba tun lokacin Babban Bala'in. Don taimakawa hana faruwar hakan muna ba da shawarar sabuwar yarjejeniyar Green.
Tun daga farko, to, Green New Deal ba kawai batun magance rikicin yanayi ba ne. Maimakon haka, ko da yaushe ya kasance game da tinkarar barazanar wanzuwar da sauyin muhalli na ɗan adam ke haifarwa yayin da ake kuma magance wasu muhimman batutuwan zamantakewa, waɗanda dukkansu sun fi muni ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin neman yanci. Kamar yadda Pettifor ya ce:
“Sabuwar sabuwar yarjejeniya ta Green tana buƙatar manyan canje-canjen tsarin: duka tsarin tattalin arziki da canjin yanayi. Yana buƙatar sauye-sauyen tsari (gwamnati da gwamnatoci) ba wai kawai canje-canjen ɗabi'a, al'umma ko fasaha ba, a cikin tsarinmu na tattalin arziki, tattalin arziƙin duniya da yanayin muhalli".
A bayyane yake, idan aka yi la'akari da gaggawar halin da ake ciki, akwai matukar bukatar wani yunkuri na jama'a wanda ba a taba gani ba a tarihi. Irin wannan motsi zai buƙaci ya dogara ne akan yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ke da babban taken da kuma kyakkyawan tunani manufofin tallafawa. Daidai wannan zurfin da faɗin Green New Deal, a matsayin kunshin yaƙin neman zaɓe, shine ke haifar da yuwuwar irin wannan motsi. Ga Pettifor kuma:
“Sabuwar sabuwar yarjejeniya za ta iya tattara yunƙurin miliyoyin mutane da ke tsayawa kan barazanar rugujewar tsarin duniya, gazawar sassan kuɗi da rashin daidaiton tattalin arziki da rashin tsaro a duniya. A karkashin rufin sa muna fatan hada kai da zaburar da ɗimbin masu fafutuka a duk faɗin duniya da kuma haifar da aiwatar da ayyukan gwamnati don ba da gudummawar kuɗi don biyan bukatun al'umma da muhalli - ta yadda za a tabbatar da rayuwa mai ɗorewa ga mutanen da ke raye a yau da kuma tsararraki masu zuwa. "
Don samun nasarar gina irin wannan motsi, duk da haka, zai zama dole a warware duk wani rudani game da fahimtar juna tsakanin magance matsalar sauyin yanayi, a daya bangaren, da inganta rayuwar yau da kullum da magance rashin aikin yi da rashin daidaiton samun kudin shiga, a daya bangaren. . A cikin littafinsu kan Sabuwar Yarjejeniyar Green Green, Noam Chomsky da Robert Pollin sunyi wannan batu da kyau:
“Muhimmin al’amari na ciyar da wannan yunkuri gaba, a cikin kasashe masu tasowa da sauran wurare, zai kasance a nuna babu shakka yadda daidaita yanayin yanayi ya yi daidai da fadada damar aiki mai kyau, inganta rayuwar jama’a, da yaki da talauci a duk yankuna na duniya. Wannan yana buƙatar a gane shi azaman ƙwaƙƙwaran shawara a ƙarƙashin sanya sabuwar yarjejeniyar Green Green ta duniya. Don haka ya kamata a fahimci ci gaban sabuwar yarjejeniyar Green Green a matsayin hanyar da "kyakkyawan fata" ke zuwa da rai wajen ayyana tattalin arzikin siyasa na ceton duniya.
Kamar yadda muke iya gani daga maganganun da ke cikin wannan labarin, burin Sabuwar Yarjejeniya ta Green, kamar yadda Pettifor, Chomsky da Pollin suka bayyana gaba ɗaya sun dace da waɗanda Gallin ya bayyana. A wannan ma'anar, Sabuwar Yarjejeniyar Green ita ce "hangen nesa" wanda Gallin ke nema da kuma tsarin bukatun ma'aikata don farfado da shi. Ana iya, duk da haka, ana jayayya cewa Green New Deal ba zamantakewa ba ce don haka ba ta cika ka'idodin Gallin ba.
Idan ta gurguzu muna nufin tattalin arziki/al'umma marar aji to, a zahiri magana, gaskiya ne cewa Green New Deal ba gurguzu ba ce kuma zargi na sama yana da inganci. Akwai, duk da haka, hanyoyi daban-daban na kallon wannan. Da farko dai, ya kamata mu fahimci cewa babu wani abu guda da ya shafi gurguzu. Kamar yadda wani masanin gurguzu – Bernard Crick – ya ce, “akwai nau’in gurguzu iri-iri.” Misali, akwai “sabani kan jigon Marx”, “masu ra’ayin ra’ayin jama’a, masu ra’ayin ra’ayi da kuma al’adar haɗin gwiwar zamantakewa wanda ya samo asali daga Proudhon da Robert Owen”. Har ila yau, akwai nau'ikan tsarin gurguzu na gudanarwa ko gaurayewar tattalin arziki waɗanda suka fito daga masu bitar Jamusawa da Fabians na Burtaniya. Sannan akwai nau'ikan gurguzu na "anrchist da communitarian".
Daga wannan faffadan ma'anar abin da zai iya zama gurguzu, Green New Deal na iya zama ɗan gurguzu—watakila a matsayin misali na tsarin gudanarwa ko gaurayewar tattalin arziƙin gurguzu - don haka ya cika ka'idojin Gallin don hangen nesa ɗaya don manufa ɗaya ta zamantakewa. Ga waɗanda ba su sami wannan ra'ayi mai gamsarwa ba, duk da haka, wasu abubuwa biyu na ƙarshe daga Chomsky, tare da la'akari da Green New Deal da gurguzu, suna da mahimmanci a la'akari:
"Za a iya yin kyakkyawar hujja cewa abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin jari-hujja suna haifar da lalata muhalli ba tare da katsewa ba, kuma kawo karshen jari-hujja dole ne ya zama babban fifiko na motsin muhalli. Akwai matsala ɗaya ta asali tare da wannan hujja: ma'auni na lokaci. Rushe tsarin jari hujja ba shi yiwuwa a cikin lokacin da ya wajaba don ɗaukar matakin gaggawa, wanda ke buƙatar babban taron ƙasa—hakika na ƙasa da ƙasa—idan ana son a kawar da matsanancin rikicin.”
“Bugu da ƙari, duk tattaunawar yaudara ce. Ƙoƙarin biyu—kaucewa bala'i na muhalli, wargaza tsarin jari hujja don samun ƙarin adalci, al'umma mai 'yanci da dimokraɗiyya-ya kamata kuma za su iya ci gaba a layi daya. Kuma zai iya ci gaba da nisa tare da jama'a sanannen kungiya. "
A takaice dai, muna bukatar dukkan 'yan kungiyar kwadago na duniya baki daya, da su hada kai cikin hadin kai a game da sabuwar yarjejeniya ta Green New Deal, a matsayin tushen farfado da kungiyoyin kwadago na kasa da kasa, domin tinkarar matsalar sauyin yanayi, da samar da wata hanyar siyasa ta tsuke bakin aljihu da tattalin arziki na zamani. duniya. Idan tsarin aiki yana da makoma - idan ɗayanmu yana da makoma - to Green New Deal shine.
Notes:
Duk maganganun Gallin sun fito daga: Craig Phelan (Ed) Makomar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru: Ra'ayoyin Duniya. (2006)
Duk maganganun Ann Pettifor sun fito daga: Shari'ar Sabon Yarjejeniyar Koren. (2020)
Duk maganganun Noam Chomsky da Robert Pollin sun fito ne daga: Rikicin Yanayi da Sabon Yarjejeniyar Kore ta Duniya. (2020)
Duk maganganun Bernard Crick sun fito daga: Socialism. (1987)
Mark Evans ma'aikacin kiwon lafiya ne kuma ƙwararren ƙwadago wanda ke zaune kuma yana aiki a Birmingham (Birtaniya).
Bridget Meehan marubuciya ce kuma mai fafutuka da ke zaune a Ireland wacce ita ce wacce ta kafa kamfen ɗin bankin Mutual na Arewa kuma memba na Haɗin kai don Canji, cibiyar sadarwar masu fafutuka ta asali da ke haɓaka ayyukan gama gari.
Dukkansu 'yan uwa ne Real Utopia: Gidauniyar Haɗin Kan Jama'a.
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
Bada Tallafi
2 comments
Ya da Bridget. Bugger
Ji ji Mark. 👍