Marlise Simons, da New York Times 's main mai ba da rahoto game da shari'ar Milosevic da Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifukan Duniya na Tsohuwar Yugoslavia (ICTY), ta yi shekara mai wahala. Wataƙila abin da ya fi zafi shi ne bayyanar da cewa a cikin 1999 KLA ta Kosovo Albaniya ta aika da Sabiyawan fursunoni 300 zuwa Albaniya don a kashe su kuma an girbe gabobin cikin su don siyarwa a ƙasashen waje, al'amarin da ba a ambata a cikin littafin ba. New York Times (duba ƙasa). An jarabce ni da in rubuta wa Marlise Simons kuma na jajanta mata: “Marlise, da a ce miyagu a cikin wannan shari’ar Sabiyawa ne, wane labari ne na farko da za ki iya samu a nan!”
Ita da takardarta sun yi karo da juna tare da kama tsohon shugaban Sabiyawan Bosniya, Radovan Karadzic da kuma mika shi zuwa Hague don shari'a. Yuli (18-21), wanda aka yi amfani da shi zuwa matsakaicin tare da labaran Simons tara, ɗaukar hoto na kwanaki da yawa, rafi na hotunan baƙin ciki (ko kama-bikin) wanda aka azabtar 'yan uwa, da kuma saba cikakken rashi na kowane muhimmin mahallin akan tarihin Bosniya ko yanayi da rikodin ICTY. (Don nazarin rikodin nadama na Simons da bayanan da ke faruwa a kan al'amuran da ke cikin hadari, duba Herman da Peterson, " Marlise Simons a kan Kotun Yugoslavia: Nazarin Shari'a a cikin Jimlar Sabis na Farfaganda, "ZNet, Maris, 2004; domin kyakkyawan sake dubawa game da rawar ICTY,
Simons da Times sun ci gaba da bin labarin kafawa kan batutuwan da suka shafi yaƙe-yaƙe da rugujewar Yugoslavia, gami da rarrabuwar kawuna mai kyau, ci gaba da aljanun mugayen (Serbs), rashin gaskiya, danne abubuwan da ba su dace ba, da babban yabo ga aikin ICTY. Simons yana da labari mai ban sha'awa game da mai gabatar da kara na ICTY, Carla Del Ponte baya a cikin 2002 ("Babban Bayani na Asabar: Akan Hanyar Masu Laifukan Yaki, Mafarauta mara Tuta," New York Times, Fabrairu 9, 2002), kuma a cikin gwajin Milosevic Simons ya ba da rahoton da'awar Del Ponte (da kuma na abokin aikinta na PR Florence Hartmann), a kusan kullum kuma ba tare da wata alamar shakku ba. (Wannan an taimaka tare da yin watsi da wasu kawai Ayyukan Del Ponte mafi muni da kalamai, kamar roƙonta na goyon bayan jama'a ga ICTY ta hanyar yin karfi da'awar jama'a na laifin mutanen da ake shari'a, da kuma bayaninta na cewa ba za ta ci gaba da aikata laifukan yaki da ake zargin NATO da kai wa Serbia ba saboda ta dauki maganar NATO cewa ba su yi wani abu ba bisa ka'ida ba - ta gamsu da cewa babu wani hari da gangan. na fararen hula ko hare-haren da NATO ke kaiwa ba bisa ka'ida ba a lokacin yakin neman zabe"; duk abin da ya faru “kuskure ne na gaske.”).
Amma tsohon abokin Simons Del Ponte ya rubuta littafi, wanda ya zuwa yanzu an buga shi a Italiya kawai, mai suna La Caccia: Io ei criminali di guerra (watau, "The Hunt: Ni and the War Criminals"), tare da Chuck Sudetic suka rubuta, wanda ya yi iƙirari da yawa masu ban mamaki waɗanda za su zama kyakkyawan labari ga wanda ba na jam'iyya ba da kuma ɗan jarida mai gaskiya. Yi rikodin. Abu ɗaya, yana da'awar cewa matsin lambar Amurka ya kawar da ICTY daga masu aikata laifukan yaƙi na Croatian, Musulmi da Kosovo, da kuma rashin haɗin kai na NATO da kuma dogaro da ICTY ga NATO don "sauran aikin Kotun" (watau bin Sabiya) yayi duk wani bincike da tuhuma Jami'an NATO a siyasance ba zai yiwu ba. Munafuncinta da yaudararta a nan suna da yawa, amma har yanzu yana da ban sha'awa ganin ta yanzu ta yarda da tushen siyasa. aikin da aka yarda da ICTY. Simons da Times ba su taɓa bincika wannan muhimmin batu ba, kuma ba shakka ba a sake nazari ba
Tafi burgewa fiye da shigarta siyasa, Del Ponte ta ba da rahoto a cikin littafinta abin da aka ambata a baya-cewa Kosovo Albaniya KLA ta shiga cikin shirin suna aika Sabiyawa, galibi fararen hula da aka kama, zuwa wani wurin Albaniya inda “likitoci suka fitar da gabobin ’yan fursuna,” waɗanda aka aika don sayarwa. Ta kiyasta haka Sabiyawa 300 da aka yi garkuwa da su sun kasance haka. (Don fassarar da ba ta izini ba na asusun Del Ponte, Harry de Quetteville, "An cire fursunonin Serb daga gabobinsu a yakin Kosovo," Daily tangarahu, Afrilu 11, 2008). An yi hakan ne a daidai lokacin da dakarun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da na NATO ke turawa zuwa Kosovo a daidai lokacin da yakin "shigin dan Adam" ke kawo karshen a shekarar 1999. Kungiyar Human Rights Watch ta gano "mummunan zarge-zarge masu inganci" kan batun fitar da kungiyar da siyar da su a cikin jerin rahotanni, amma Del Ponte ya yi iƙirarin cewa a nan kuma, kamar yadda NATO za ta iya aikata laifukan yaƙi, yana da wuya a sami cikakken bincike da tsari. ana kan lamarin. The New York Times ya ambaci wannan zargi sau ɗaya kawai, a cikin jumla ɗaya zurfafa a cikin labarin akan wani batu, inda aka yi watsi da tuhumar tare da wulakanci daga 'yan ta'addar KLA da manyan mukamai. Kosovo Albanian jami'in Ramush Haradinaj (Dan Bilefsky"Tsohon soja na iya tafiya daga Hague zuwa katin jefa kuri'a na Kosovo," New York Times, Yuli 12, 2008).
Korar da kotun ICTY ta yi na shari'ar Haradinaj, da kuma na shugaban musulman Bosniya Naser Oric, ya kuma kawo matsala ga masu kare hakkin bil'adama. ICTY a matsayin kamfani mai zaman kanta kuma na gaskiya na shari'a, sakamakon cewa an kiyaye waɗannan shari'o'in kusan ba a gani ba a daidai lokacin da shari'ar Karadzic ta samu gagarumar talla. An tuhumi Haradinaj aka kawo masa
Haradinaj shi ne shugaban kungiyar Black Eagles, wadanda suka yi garkuwa da su tare da kashe daruruwan mutane Sabiyawan da Kosovo Albaniyawan da suka yi haɗin gwiwa da Sabiya, amma ba a same shi da laifi ba kan kowane laifi—Bilefsky ya ambaci hakan. "Lauyoyi da alkalai a kotun sun yi korafin cewa an yadu tsoratar da shaidu," amma ya kasa ambata hakan. da dama An kashe masu gabatar da kara akan Haradinaj, kuma bai nuna cewa alkalan ICTY ba ya kasa sake samun laifi bisa ga wani “haɗin gwiwar masu aikata laifuka” a ciki gwaji na wanda ba Serbian ba. Wannan ra'ayi na tushen ICTY a bayyane yake an iyakance shi ne don amfani da yawan mutanen da aka yi niyya na ICTY-NATO.
Al'amarin Oric ya fi ban sha'awa saboda ya fito fili ya yi alfahari game da sa hannu a kisan kiyashin Srebrenica-yankin Sabiya zuwa Kanad Toronto Star dan jarida Bill Schiller da Washington Postt dan jarida John Pomfret, kuma ya nuna su biyun bidiyo na wasu Sabiyawan da ya shafa. (Schiller, "Musulmi mai ban tsoro ya ja kunnen sojojin Sabiyawan Bosnia," Toronto Star, Yuli 16, 1995; Pomfret, "Makamai, Kuɗi da Hargitsi suna ba da rance ga Srebrenica's Tauri Guy," Washington Post, Fabrairu 16, 1994.) Ko da yake akwai irin wannan shaida. da kuma Ko da yake Oric ya fito fili ya yi wa Schiller ikirarin cewa ya taka rawa wajen kashe Sabiya 114 a cikin kashi daya, amma sai da kotun ta ICTY har zuwa 2003 ta gurfanar da shi a gaban kotu, sannan aka tuhume shi da kashe-kashe shida kacal da aka yi tsakanin Satumba 1992 da Maris 1993, ba da shi amma na karkashinsa. Ma'anar cewa ba shi da alhakin kisan jama'a bayan Maris 1993, tare da Srebrenica ya ayyana "yanki mai aminci" a cikin Afrilu 1993, ya saba wa ingantattun hujjoji.
Kwanan nan, musulmin Bosnia Ibran Mustafic, wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar Bosnia-Herzegovina kuma shi ne shugaban Hukumar Zartarwa ta Majalisar Zartarwa ta Srebrenica, ya wallafa wani littafi, Planirani haos (Tsarin hargitsi), wanda ya ba da shaida mai yawa don goyon bayan da'awar cewa Oric "mai laifin yaki ne ba tare da daidai ba" (a cikin kalmomin Mustafic). An shirya Mustafic zai ba da shaida a shari’ar Oric, amma bayan ya yi gardama da masu gabatar da kara cewa ta kasa tuhumar Oric da ainihin laifukan da ya aikata, a karshe alkalan sun yanke shawarar ba za su bar shi ya bayar da shaida ba. Schiller ko Pomfret ba a kira su a matsayin shaidu don ba da shaida a gaban ICTY game da shari'ar Oric ba, kuma ba a shigar da labaransu cikin shaidar ba. Janar na Faransa kuma tsohon kwamandan soja na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Bosnia, Philippe Morillon, wanda ya kasance mai gabatar da kara a shari'ar Milosevic, ya bayyana a can cewa kisan gillar da aka yi a Srebrenica. Yuli 1995 sun kasance " martani kai tsaye" ga kisan kiyashin Oric na shekarun baya, ba a kira shi a matsayin shaida a lokacin gwajin Oric ba.
Daga nan ne aka samu Oric da laifi, ba wai ya kashe kowa ba, amma ya kasa sarrafa wadanda ke karkashinsa, kuma an sake shi da daurin shekara biyu kacal, bayan ya shafe shekaru uku a gidan yari.
Kamar yadda Marlise Simons ta yi watsi da Naser Oric a shekarun baya, haka kuma tare da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje na tsarkakewa, an taƙaita ɗaukar hoto na Times zuwa wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na Yuli 4, 2008 da aka karɓa daga Agence France Presse, "
Wani ci gaban da Marlise Simons ta yi watsi da ita shine buga littafin 2007 na Florence Hartmann, Aminci Da Azaba, wanda, kamar littafin Del Ponte, ya zargi kasashen yammacin duniya da kasancewar siyasantar da aikin ICTY, musamman wajen hana kamawa da shari'a Radovan Karadzic - da'awar da ta yi daidai da zargin Karadzic na yarjejeniya da Richard Holbrooke. Wani abin sha'awa shine ikirarin Hartmann na cewa lokacin da Del Ponte ke gabatar da kara na Kotun Ruwanda (ICTR), wanda aka sanya ta tare da aikinta a ICTY, Amurka ta umarce ta da ta yi. watsi da duk wani bincike da tuhume-tuhume da ake yi wa sojojin Tutsi da Paul Kagame, abokin huldar Amurka. Ta ki yarda aka kore ta. Tun da farko, lokacin da Louise Arbor ta kasance mai gabatar da kara na ICTR, ma'aikatanta sun sami kwararan hujjoji da ke nuna cewa Kagame da abokansa ne suka shirya harbo jirgin shugaban 'yan Hutu a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 1994, lamarin da ya haifar da karuwar kashe-kashen a cikin kasar.
Ba a taɓa bayyana wannan ba a cikin New York Times lokacin da abin ya faru, kuma Marlise Simons da kamfanin ba su kusa ba Hartmann tabbacin wannan labari mai mahimmanci. duk wani talla a yau. Bai dace da son zuciya da aka kafa ba. Kamar yadda na yi magana a wani wuri kuma sau da yawa, lokacin da wata babbar jam'iyya ta kafa a cikin kafa Amurka, kamar yadda yake gaskiya game da wargaza Yugoslavia da kisan gillar Ruwanda. New York Times a kai a kai hadin gwiwa, tare da sakamakon da cewa ta yi a matsayin farfaganda hukumar na jihar a cikin wani fashion kama Pravda sabis ga Soviet hukumomin. Wannan lamarin ya kasance game da, misali, 1981 Bulgarian-KGB makirci na kashe Paparoma, tallafin Amurka Masu mulkin kama-karya na Pakistan da taimakon Bin Laden da gwagwarmayar adawa da Afganistan Soviet a cikin 1980s, ta Saddam barazana (amma babu shi) "makamai na hallaka jama'a" a cikin 2003, barazanar nukiliyar Iran a yau (ba tare da makaman nukiliya ba) , da kuma NATO "shigin dan adam" don magance "kisan kare dangi" na Serbia da ba a wanzu ba a Bosnia da Kosovo. Babban Takarda ce ta Rikodi, tana taimakawa samar da yarda ga manufofin mulkin masarautar wanda rikodin shi tare da kulawa mai kyau da zaɓin abin dogaro.
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